CN105517312A - Super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode - Google Patents
Super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105517312A CN105517312A CN201510997525.1A CN201510997525A CN105517312A CN 105517312 A CN105517312 A CN 105517312A CN 201510997525 A CN201510997525 A CN 201510997525A CN 105517312 A CN105517312 A CN 105517312A
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- anode
- cavity
- enthalpy
- arc
- anode terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/06—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H2242/00—Auxiliary systems
- H05H2242/10—Cooling arrangements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode. With the super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode adopted, a situation that arc heaters in the prior art cannot be used for simulating environments with super-high-enthalpy values can be avoided. The arc heater anode includes a plurality of anode terminals, an insulating ring, a cavity and a plurality of resistors; the plurality of anode terminals are fixed onto the insulating ring in a manner that the plurality of anode terminals do not contact with each other, so that the plurality of anode terminals can be mutually insulated; the cavity is taper-shaped; one large-inner diameter end of the cavity is fixedly connected with the insulating ring; the direction of an electric arc changes when the electric arc passes through the cavity the inner diameter value of which is gradually increased, and therefore, a resulting magnetic force makes plasmas flow to and concentrate at a center region of the cavity, and accelerate; one end of each resistor is electrically connected with an anode terminal, and the other end of the corresponding resistor is electrically connected with the positive pole of a power source; the root of the electric arc can be uniformly divided into a plurality of root units through adjusting the resistance values of the resistors, and the plurality of root units are attached to the plurality of anode terminals, and therefore, a uniform flow field can be generated. The super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode of the invention can be applied to simulation high-altitude thermal environments in which aerospace crafts returning from deep space exploration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electro-arc heater field, particularly a kind of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode be applied in Aerodynamic Heating ground simulating.
Background technology
Aerospace craft is in the process of atmospheric reentry, and because its surface is subject to serious Aerodynamic Heating and radiation heating, this just needs aircraft to load heat-protection system.And the heat insulation material of heat-protection system needs to carry out Aerodynamic Heating experiment on ground to examine its thermal protective performance, Aerodynamic Heating experiment is generally carried out in plasma-arc wind-tunnel, arc tunnel is as the one of hypersonic wind tunnel, and the high enthalpy gas interactions Compressed Gas utilizing electro-arc heater to produce simulates high temperature and high pressure environment during hypersonic flight.
Along with the development of Aerodynamic Heating Laboratory Simulation, various types of electro-arc heater is developed out and is applied to Aerodynamic Heating ground simulating.Due to the restriction of structure and operational mode, all kinds of electro-arc heater all has its simulation context.Such as, tube type arc heater is used for simulated high-pressure, low enthalpy environment, chip and segmentation electro-arc heater for simulate mesohigh, in low enthalpy environment, high-frequency induction electro-arc heater is for simulating low pressure, high enthalpy environment.But, more and more need to create thermal extremes to fulfil several functions in modern Aerodynamic Heating Laboratory Simulation.A function be wherein exactly simulation earth atmosphere or other planetary atmospheres in space flight or supersonic flight condition, to examine the thermal protective performance of heat insulation material.Such as, Manned reentry capsule is with escape velocity atmospheric reentry, and serious Aerodynamic Heating and radiation heating will be stood in its surface, and surrounding environment enthalpy will reach 56MJ/kg, and heater before this all can not provide so high enthalpy.It is necessary for developing superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater, and electro-arc heater anode is one of them Focal point and difficult point research contents.Therefore, in prior art, at least there are the following problems, and electro-arc heater of the prior art all can not be used for the environment of simulating superelevation enthalpy.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, all can not be used for simulating the environment of superelevation enthalpy for solving electro-arc heater of the prior art.The structure of this superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode improves the enthalpy of air-flow.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, comprising:
Multiple anode terminal;
Dead ring, described multiple anode terminal is not fixed on described dead ring each other in contact, to make mutually insulated between described multiple anode terminal;
Cavity, it is tapered, one end that described cavity internal diameter is large is fixedly connected with described dead ring, and electric arc becomes large cavity direction gradually through described inner diameter values and turns to, and the central area that consequent magnetic field force makes plasma flow to described cavity is concentrated and made it accelerate;
Multiple resistance, one end of described each resistance is all electrically connected with a described anode terminal, the other end is electrically connected with positive source, to be divided into multiple by electric arc arc root by the resistance of the described resistance of adjustment and to be attached on described multiple anode terminal to produce flow field equably.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, described cavity by multiple mutually insulated and the expanding plate be fixedly connected with form for preventing electric current from passing through along described housing surface.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, it is characterized in that, described cavity also comprises multiple insulating trip, and described multiple expanding plate and described multiple insulating trip arrange in the mode that interval replaces and be fixedly connected to form described cavity each other.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, it is characterized in that, described each anode terminal includes inner casing and shell, one pipeline passed through for cold water is all set between the inner casing and shell of described each anode terminal, to be used for cooling described each anode terminal.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, it is characterized in that, described each expanding plate includes inner casing and shell, one pipeline passed through for cold water is all set between the inner casing and shell of described each expanding plate, to be used for cooling described each expanding plate.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, is characterized in that, that expanding plate near described multiple anode terminal arranges pass through aperture, enter in described cavity to make protective gas.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, is characterized in that, described dead ring and described each insulating trip are all be made up of high-temperature insulation material.
Preferably, described superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, is characterized in that, the inner casing of described each anode terminal and shell are all be made up of metal material.
Superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode provided by the invention, because the cavity arranged is tapered, one end that cavity internal diameter is large is fixedly connected with described dead ring, turn to when electric arc becomes large cavity direction gradually through described inner diameter values, the central area that the magnetic field force that the electric arc turned to produces makes plasma flow to described cavity is concentrated and makes it accelerate, the structure of cavity makes air-flow, in upstream, disturbance occur, air-flow and electric arc are fully mixed, improve the heat exchanger effectiveness of working gas and electric arc, thus improve air-flow enthalpy.The setting of dead ring makes described multiple anode terminal not fixed thereon in contact each other, ensures mutually insulated between described multiple anode terminal; Also be provided with multiple resistance, electric arc arc root is divided into multiple by regulating the resistance of described resistance and is attached on described multiple anode terminal, the electric arc of big current is resolved into uniform small area analysis electric arc, thus produces uniform flow field, reduce electrode erosion simultaneously and make flow field purer.Because each anode terminal includes inner casing and shell, one pipeline passed through for cold water is all set between the inner casing and shell of described each anode terminal, to be used for cooling described each anode terminal, described each expanding plate also includes inner casing and shell, one pipeline passed through for cold water is all set between the inner casing and shell of described each expanding plate, to be used for cooling described each expanding plate, in each anode terminal and each expanding plate, be provided with cooling pipe, being provided with of cooling pipe is beneficial to big current long-time steady operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is multiple anode terminal distributed architecture schematic diagrames of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the expanding plate structural representation of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the anode terminal structural representation of superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
For making the advantage of technical solution of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is elaborated.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode of the embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
Multiple anode terminal 2; Dead ring 3, multiple anode terminal 2 is not fixed on dead ring 3 each other in contact, to make mutually insulated between multiple anode terminal 2; Cavity 1, it is tapered, and one end that cavity 1 internal diameter is large is fixedly connected with dead ring 3, and electric arc turns in direction when inner diameter values becomes large cavity 1 gradually, and the central area that consequent magnetic field force makes plasma flow to cavity is concentrated and made it accelerate; Multiple resistance 4, one end of each resistance 4 is all electrically connected with an anode terminal 2, and the other end is electrically connected with positive source, is divided into multiple and is attached on multiple anode terminal 2 to produce flow field equably with the resistance by regulating resistance by electric arc arc root.
It should be noted that, the number of anode terminal is the same with the number of resistance, and concrete number specifically can limit according to actual conditions, does not do concrete restriction at this, and the number of such as anode terminal and the number of resistance can be set to 12.Being fixedly connected as between cavity and dead ring is sealedly and fixedly connected, and concrete grammar can select bolt connection or welding etc., does not do concrete restriction at this.Also for sealing is fixing between anode terminal and dead ring, along the circumferential direction evenly can punch on dead ring and anode terminal is installed.
It should be noted that, superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode connects positive source, for eliminating plasma and the potential difference on ground, anode terminal ground connection can be run.
Because the cavity arranged is tapered, one end that cavity internal diameter is large is fixedly connected with described dead ring, turn to when electric arc becomes large cavity direction gradually through described inner diameter values, the central area that the magnetic field force that the electric arc turned to produces makes plasma flow to described cavity is concentrated and makes it accelerate, the structure of cavity makes air-flow, in upstream, disturbance occur, air-flow and electric arc are fully mixed, improves the heat exchanger effectiveness of working gas and electric arc, thus improve air-flow enthalpy.Arranging of dead ring ensures mutually insulated between described multiple anode terminal; Also be provided with multiple resistance, electric arc arc root is divided into multiple by regulating the resistance of described resistance and is attached on described multiple anode terminal, the electric arc of big current is resolved into uniform small area analysis electric arc, thus produce flow field equably, reduce electrode erosion makes flow field purer simultaneously, can be used for simulating superelevation enthalpy, low-pressure state.
Further, cavity by multiple mutually insulated and the expanding plate 6 be fixedly connected with form, in order to realize multiple expanding plate mutually insulated, cavity 1 also comprises multiple insulating trip 7, multiple expanding plate 6 and multiple insulating trip 7 arrange in the mode that interval replaces and are fixedly connected to form cavity 1 each other, cavity is so arranged for preventing electric current from passing through along housing surface, thus decreases energy loss.
It should be noted that, it is fixing that multiple expanding plate and multiple insulating trip being fixedly connected with each other is sealing, concrete grammar can select bolt connection or welding etc., concrete restriction is not done at this, the quantity of expanding plate and insulating trip specifically can be arranged according to actual conditions, does not also do concrete restriction at this.The angle number of degrees also having cavity to become gradually between the interior radial line of large internal diameter formation and the axis of cavity can be determined according to physical simulation parameter.
As Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, the another execution mode that the embodiment of the present invention provides is: each anode terminal 2 includes inner casing 11 and shell 12, all arranges a pipeline 13 passed through for cold water, to be used for cooling each anode terminal 2 between the inner casing 11 and shell 12 of each anode terminal 2.Each expanding plate 6 includes inner casing 8 and shell 9, all arranges a pipeline 10 passed through for cold water, to be used for cooling each expanding plate 6 between the inner casing 8 and shell 9 of each expanding plate 6.
It should be noted that, the cooling pipe that the cooling pipe that each anode terminal is arranged and each expanding plate are arranged is independently each other, cooling pipe on each anode terminal can only be used for cooling this anode terminal, and the cooling pipe on each expanding plate can only be used for cooling this expanding plate.Cooling pipe on each anode terminal and each expanding plate is provided with a water inlet and a delivery port.
Because each anode terminal and each expanding plate include inner casing and shell, between inner casing and shell, arrange cooling pipe, pass into pure water to cool each anode terminal and each expanding plate, being provided with of cooling pipe is beneficial to big current long-time steady operation.In order to prevent point discharge, the shell of anode terminal can be designed as ball crown type.
Concrete, arranging pass through aperture near on that expanding plate of multiple anode terminal, to make protective gas enter in cavity, protective gas is tangentially rotated in cavity by through hole.
More specifically, dead ring and each insulating trip are all be made up of high-temperature insulation material.
More specifically, the inner casing of expanding plate and shell are all be made up of metal material, and inner casing and shell can be fixed together by the mode of welding.
High enthalpy electro-arc heater anode provided by the invention, improves the enthalpy of air-flow, solves the environmental problem that electro-arc heater of the prior art all can not be used for simulating superelevation enthalpy.
The present invention can be applied to the high-altitude thermal environment of simulation aerospace craft when survey of deep space returns, for the experiment of spacecraft thermo-resistance material screening provides thermal environment.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and execution mode utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend described.
Claims (9)
1. a superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode, is characterized in that, comprising:
Multiple anode terminal;
Dead ring, described multiple anode terminal is not fixed on described dead ring each other in contact, to make mutually insulated between described multiple anode terminal;
Cavity, it is tapered, one end that described cavity internal diameter is large is fixedly connected with described dead ring, and electric arc becomes large cavity direction gradually through described inner diameter values and turns to, and the central area that consequent magnetic field force makes plasma flow to described cavity is concentrated and made it accelerate;
Multiple resistance, one end of described each resistance is all electrically connected with a described anode terminal, the other end is electrically connected with positive source, to be divided into multiple by electric arc arc root by the resistance of the described resistance of adjustment and to be attached on described multiple anode terminal to produce uniform flow field.
2. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described cavity by multiple mutually insulated and the expanding plate be fixedly connected with form for preventing electric current from passing through along described housing surface.
3. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described cavity also comprises multiple insulating trip, and described multiple expanding plate and described multiple insulating trip arrange in the mode that interval replaces and be fixedly connected to form described cavity each other.
4. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described each anode terminal includes inner casing and shell, all arranges a pipeline passed through for cold water between the inner casing and shell of described each anode terminal, to be used for cooling described each anode terminal.
5. the superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as described in claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that, described each expanding plate includes inner casing and shell, all arranges a pipeline passed through for cold water between the inner casing and shell of described each expanding plate, to be used for cooling described each expanding plate.
6. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the expanding plate near described multiple anode terminal arranges pass through aperture, enters in described cavity to make protective gas.
7. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described dead ring and described each insulating trip are all be made up of high-temperature insulation material.
8. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the inner casing of described each anode terminal and shell are all be made up of metal material.
9. superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater anode as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described each expanding plate is all be made up of metal material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510997525.1A CN105517312A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510997525.1A CN105517312A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode |
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| CN105517312A true CN105517312A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| CN201510997525.1A Pending CN105517312A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Super-high-enthalpy arc heater anode |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106793440A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of high-power superelevation enthalpy electro-arc heater |
| CN109951945A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of platypelloid type large-area high-density DC arc discharge plasma source |
| CN110708852A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-17 | 清华大学 | Plasma gun |
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| CN109951945A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of platypelloid type large-area high-density DC arc discharge plasma source |
| CN110708852A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-17 | 清华大学 | Plasma gun |
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