CN206524996U - A kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrode cooling structure of a laminated electric arc heater, which comprises a water inlet, a water outlet and a water flow channel. Both the water inlet and the water outlet are holes. Tangent to the inner circle of the electrode, the water outlet is arranged next to the water inlet, the water outlet is parallel to the water inlet, and a water flow channel is arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet. The utility model realizes the fast flow of the cooling liquid by setting the water inlet and the outlet along the tangential direction of the inner circle of the electrode, and overcomes the problem of water flow stagnation in the traditional cooling structure; by setting the water inlet and the outlet evenly, it avoids heating When the device is running at high power, local overheating occurs, which makes up for the defect of uneven cooling effect of the traditional cooling structure; by setting water flow channels between the three water inlets and the three outlets, the cooling of the electrode is improved. The effect is to solve the problem of low service life of the traditional cooling structure.

Description

A stacked arc heater electrode cooling structure

technical field

The utility model relates to an electrode cooling structure of a laminated electric arc heater, which belongs to the technical field of aerospace aerodynamic heat protection.

Background technique

The arc heating test equipment is an important equipment for aerothermal ground simulation test research. It mainly uses the high-temperature arc generated between the electrodes to heat the air, and then uses the corresponding nozzle to form the required high-temperature and high-speed flow field for aerodynamic thermal protection. Ground test research. In recent years, with the development of space re-entry vehicles and hypersonic weapon systems, the extreme aerodynamic and thermal environment experienced during re-entry into the atmosphere has become the biggest challenge for the development of this type of hypersonic vehicle. It is necessary to develop a thermal protection system TPS to The aircraft is protected, and the development of TPS requires ground simulation test equipment that can reproduce the thermal environment on large-scale components. The arc heater uses the high temperature of the arc to heat the gas to thousands to tens of thousands of degrees to simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure external environment that high-speed aircraft such as hypersonic missiles, re-entry vehicles, and space probes are subjected to during flight. It is of great significance to study parameters such as ablation resistance and heat insulation performance of materials used in aircraft under special space conditions. Since the high temperature of tens of thousands of degrees cannot be obtained by conventional heating methods, the arc heater test has become an effective means for simulating the re-entry of aircraft on the ground. With the deepening of human exploration of the outer space of the earth and the development of hypersonic vehicles, arc heaters with higher power and longer life are urgently needed to meet the needs of the rapid development of the aerospace industry.

In some tests with high operating parameters, the electrodes of high-power laminated arc heaters experienced electrode burnt, electrode burnt and water leakage, etc. The root cause was that the cooling of the electrodes was insufficient, resulting in local overheating. By analyzing the burned electrode parts, it is found that the burned parts are basically near the root of the water inlet and outlet, indicating that the cooling effect of the root of the water inlet and outlet is relatively poor during the operation of the electrode. Using numerical modeling and analysis methods to analyze the heat transfer of the traditional laminated electrode cooling structure, it can be seen that there is a water flow stagnation zone at the root of the traditional laminated electrode's normal direction of inlet and outlet, and the heat transfer of the entire electrode is very uneven , It is easy to cause failures such as electrode burning and electrode leakage caused by poor local heat transfer during operation.

Because the cooling structure of the current electrode is along the normal direction of the inner circle of the electrode, the water inlet pipes and the water outlet pipes are evenly distributed at certain intervals. Adoption of this structure will form a water flow stagnation zone, and the cooling effect will be unevenly distributed, and the cooling capacity will decrease rapidly along with the flow direction of the cooling liquid. When the heater is running at high power, it is very easy to cause local overheating and burnout. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the cooling structure of the existing stacked arc heater electrodes.

Utility model content

The technical problem solved by the utility model is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a laminated arc heater electrode cooling structure, by setting the water inlet and the outlet along the tangential direction of the electrode inner circle, the The rapid flow of coolant overcomes the problem of stagnant water flow in the traditional electrode cooling structure; by uniformly setting the water inlet and outlet, it avoids the local overheating of the heater when it is running at high power, and makes up for the traditional electrode cooling. The defect of uneven distribution of structural cooling effect; by setting water flow channels between the three water inlets and the three outlets, the cooling effect of the electrode is improved, and the problem of low service life of the traditional electrode cooling structure is solved.

The technical solution of the utility model is:

A laminated arc heater electrode cooling structure, including three water inlets, three water outlets and water flow channels, the three water inlets and the three water outlets are all holes, and three water inlets are uniformly arranged on the side of the electrode. The three water inlets are all tangent to the inner circle of the electrode, the three water outlets are respectively arranged next to the three water inlets, the three water outlets are respectively parallel to the three water inlets, and the three water inlets are connected to the three water inlets. Water passages for circulating cooling liquid are respectively arranged between the drain ports.

In the electrode cooling structure of the above-mentioned laminated arc heater, the three water inlets and the three water outlets are all round holes, and the axes of the three water inlets and the three water outlets are all aligned with the inner surface of the electrode. The circle is tangent, the water flow channel is a hollow circular pipe, and the two ends of the water flow channel are respectively fixedly connected with three water inlets and three water discharge ports.

In the electrode cooling structure of the above-mentioned laminated arc heater, the ratio of the radii of the three water inlets, the three water outlets, and the water flow channels is set to 1:0.8:1.2.

In the above electrode cooling structure of a laminated arc heater, the three water inlets are respectively the first water inlet, the second water inlet and the third water inlet; the first water inlet, the second water inlet, the third water inlet The apertures of the three water inlets are all the same, and the range of the aperture of the first water inlet is set as 4-10 mm.

In the above electrode cooling structure of a laminated arc heater, the three drains are respectively the first drain, the second drain and the third drain; the third drain is arranged next to the first water inlet And parallel to the first water inlet, the first water outlet is arranged next to the second water inlet and parallel to the second water inlet, and the second water outlet is arranged next to the third water inlet and parallel to the third water inlet.

In the above electrode cooling structure of a laminated arc heater, the first water inlet and the first water outlet are communicated through a water flow channel.

In the above electrode cooling structure of a laminated arc heater, the second water inlet communicates with the second water outlet through a water flow channel.

In the above electrode cooling structure of a laminated arc heater, the third water inlet and the third water outlet are communicated through a water flow channel.

The beneficial effects of the utility model compared with the prior art are:

[1] The water inlet and outlet of the utility model are set along the tangential direction of the inner circle of the electrode, effectively avoiding the water inlet and outlet along the normal direction of the inner circle of the electrode in the electrode cooling structure of the traditional laminated heater, and improving the electrode cooling efficiency.

[2] The water flow channel of the utility model adopts a hollow circular pipeline, which significantly increases the flow rate of the cooling liquid, effectively ensures that the cooling process of the entire electrode is more uniform, and greatly prolongs the service life of the electrode of the laminated heater.

[3] The utility model is compact in structure, concise and efficient, and convenient in general use, and is suitable for various working environments, especially suitable for nozzles, throats, and laminated structures in arc heating equipment.

[4] The water flow channel of the utility model is easy to maintain and replace, and the production cost is low, so it has broad market application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the utility model

Fig. 2 is the internal structure diagram of the utility model

Among them: 1 water inlet; 101 first water inlet; 102 second water inlet; 103 third water inlet; 2 drain; 201 first drain; 202 second drain; 203 third drain; 3 water flow channel;

detailed description

In order to make the scheme of the utility model more clear, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

As shown in Figures 1-2, a laminated arc heater electrode cooling structure includes three water inlets 1, three water outlets 2 and water flow channels 3, and the three water inlets 1 and three water outlets 2 are all Three water inlets 1 are evenly arranged on the side of the electrode, and the three water inlets 1 are all tangent to the inner circle of the electrode, and the three water outlets 2 are arranged next to the three water inlets 1 respectively. The water outlets 2 are respectively parallel to the three water inlets 1 , and the water flow channels 3 for circulating cooling liquid are respectively arranged between the three water inlets 1 and the three water outlets 2 .

The three water inlets 1 and the three water outlets 2 are all round holes, the axes of the three water inlets 1 and the three water outlets 2 are all tangent to the inner circle of the electrode, and the water flow channel 3 is a hollow circular pipeline. Both ends of the water flow channel 3 are fixedly connected with three water inlets 1 and three water outlets 2 respectively.

The radius ratio of the three water inlets 1, the three water outlets 2, and the water flow channel 3 is set to 1:0.8:1.2.

Preferably, the three water inlets 1 are respectively the first water inlet 101, the second water inlet 102 and the third water inlet 103; the apertures of the first water inlet 101, the second water inlet 102, and the third water inlet 103 are all the same, The aperture range of the first water inlet 101 is set to 5 mm.

The three drains 2 are respectively the first drain 201, the second drain 202 and the third drain 203; the third drain 203 is arranged next to the first water inlet 101 and is parallel to the first water inlet 101, and the first drain The port 201 is arranged beside and parallel to the second water inlet 102 , and the second drain port 202 is arranged beside and parallel to the third water inlet 103 .

The first water inlet 101 communicates with the first water outlet 201 through the water flow channel 3 .

The second water inlet 102 communicates with the second water outlet 202 through the water flow channel 3 .

The third water inlet 103 communicates with the third water outlet 203 through the water flow channel 3 .

The distance between the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2 is set to 20-30mm.

The minimum cross-sectional areas of the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2 are both set to 10mm ² .

The cross-sectional area of the water flow channel 3 ranges from 8 to 12 mm ² .

The working principle of the utility model is:

When the electrodes of the laminated arc heater need to be cooled, the cooling liquid is injected into the first water inlet 101, the second water inlet 102 and the third water inlet 103 at the same time, and the cooling liquid quickly passes through the intersection of the three water inlets 1 and the water flow channel 3 and enter the water flow channel 3, and continue to add cooling liquid until the cooling liquid flows out from the first drain port 201, the second drain port 202 and the third drain port 203 at the same time, so as to ensure the rapid operation of the electrodes of the laminated arc heater. cool down.

The content not described in detail in the specification of the utility model is the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure, it is characterised in that：Including three water inlets (1), three drainings Mouth (2) and water stream channel (3), three water inlets (1) and three discharge outlet (2) are hole, are uniformly set in the side of the electrode Three water inlets (1) are put, inner circle of three water inlets (1) with the electrode is tangent, and three discharge outlet (2) are separately positioned on three The side of individual water inlet (1), three discharge outlet (2) are parallel with three water inlets (1) respectively, three water inlets (1) and three rows The water stream channel (3) of circulation coolant is respectively provided between the mouth of a river (2).

2. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described three Water inlet (1) and three discharge outlet (2) are circular hole, the axis of three water inlets (1) and three discharge outlet (2) with the electricity The inner circle of pole is tangent, and water stream channel (3) is hollow circular pipeline, the two ends of water stream channel (3) respectively with three water inlets (1) and Three discharge outlet (2) are fixedly connected.

3. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described Three water inlets (1), three discharge outlet (2), the radius ratios of water stream channel (3) are set to 1:0.8:1.2.

4. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described three Water inlet (1) is respectively the first water inlet (101), the second water inlet (102) and the 3rd water inlet (103)；First water inlet (101), the second water inlet (102), the aperture all same of the 3rd water inlet (103), the pore diameter range of the first water inlet (101) are set For 4~10mm.

5. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described three Discharge outlet (2) is respectively the first discharge outlet (201), the second discharge outlet (202) and the 3rd discharge outlet (203)；3rd discharge outlet (203) it is arranged on beside the first water inlet (101) and parallel with the first water inlet (101), the first discharge outlet (201) is arranged on the Beside two water inlets (102) and parallel with the second water inlet (102), the second discharge outlet (202) is arranged on the 3rd water inlet (103) Side and parallel with the 3rd water inlet (103).

6. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described first Connected between water inlet (101) and the first discharge outlet (201) by water stream channel (3).

7. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described second Connected between water inlet (102) and the second discharge outlet (202) by water stream channel (3).

8. a kind of Macker type arc heater cooling of electrode structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described 3rd Connected between water inlet (103) and the 3rd discharge outlet (203) by water stream channel (3).