CN105510560B - A kind of settling test model and its test method based on motor driving sand leakage method - Google Patents
A kind of settling test model and its test method based on motor driving sand leakage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105510560B CN105510560B CN201610116265.7A CN201610116265A CN105510560B CN 105510560 B CN105510560 B CN 105510560B CN 201610116265 A CN201610116265 A CN 201610116265A CN 105510560 B CN105510560 B CN 105510560B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, including model casing, are characterised by：The bottom of model casing internal cavities, which is provided with to be provided with least one outer tube, outer tube, takes sandpipe, and outer leakage sand hole is offered on outer tube, the interior leakage sand hole for being provided with and being engaged with outer leakage sand hole on sandpipe is taken.The test method of the present invention, including：A) builds model casing；B) designs sand leakage structure；C) fill-up grounds basic unit；D) builds upper part work structure sheaf；E) settlement of foundation is simulated；F) Data acquisition and issuances；G) observes ground interior change situation.The settling test model and its test method of the present invention, it is simple and reasonable, sand leakage point and quantity can be set according to requirement of experiment, the simulation of the different type sedimentations such as bumping at bridge-head, differential settlement, land in gully, edge sedimentation can be achieved, beneficial effect significantly, is suitable for the application of popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of settling test model and its test method, in particular, more particularly to one kind is based on electricity
The settling test model and its test method of machine driving sand leakage method.
Background technology
Structure is built on the unfavorable foundations such as karst, goaf, weak soil, collapsible loess（Railway, highway, dam, room
Room etc.）, acted on by external loads, the multiple factors such as air, temperature, underground water are influenceed, and the disease of settlement of foundation easily occur, right
The research of settlement of foundation is main by theoretical calculation and numerical simulation at present, and model test method can realize simulated object deformation
It can monitor, many condition is controlled, repeatable, be the conventional means of research engineering structure stress deformation, wherein, foundation model is scene
Ground scaled down is true available for estimate analysis by testing foundation model and the stress deformation of upper part work structure
The property indices of engineering structure, current existing foundation model can not simulate sinking for deep ground earth, and therefore, it is difficult to obtain
Take superstructure stress deformation rule caused by foundation soil depression.
The content of the invention
There is provided a kind of sedimentation examination based on motor driving sand leakage method in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned technical problem by the present invention
Test model and its test method.
The settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, includes the model casing of upper end open, model casing
Inside to set the cavity of ground layer, the top of ground layer is used to set engineering structure layer to be tested；Its special feature exists
In：The bottom of the model casing internal cavities is provided with least one outer tube, and the both ends open of outer tube simultaneously runs through model
Being provided with case, outer tube can carry out offering some outer leakage sand holes on the sandpipe that takes of free rotation, outer tube, take and set on sandpipe
The interior leakage sand hole being engaged with outer leakage sand hole is equipped with, takes the sand in sandpipe to be discharged by pushing away sand bar；Ground layer and/or engineering knot
The measurement sensor for obtaining detection data is provided with structure layer.
The settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, a side of the model casing is for ease of sight
The transparent glass door of situation in cavity is examined, the both sides of transparent glass door are provided with the fixed frame being fixed on model casing, it is fixed
The guide groove for being easy to glass door to be inserted and removed from is provided with framework.
The settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, including sand leakage automaton, sand leakage is certainly
Dynamic control device is made up of motor, power transmission shaft and driving gear, and driving gear is fixed on power transmission shaft, and motor is used for
Drive power transmission shaft to be rotated, take the driven gear for being provided with and being meshed with driving gear on sandpipe.
Being marked on the settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, the transparent glass door is had
Line.
The settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, described measurement sensor includes strain sensing
Device, strain gauge and displacement transducer.
The test method of the settling test model that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention, it is particular in that, leads to
Following steps are crossed to realize：A) builds model casing, according to test requirements document and purpose, builds what length was of the required size
Model casing；B) designs sand leakage structure, straight in the bottom arrangement of model casing internal cavities according to the Practical Project situation to be simulated
Footpath, quantity, the satisfactory outer tube in position, and installed in the inside of outer tube be matched therewith take sandpipe；By setting
Outer tube, the position for taking sandpipe in model casing are put, to control ground layer settlement point position；C) fill-up grounds basic unit, according to wanting mould
The Practical Project geological conditions of plan, chooses the bottom that suitable soil property is layed in model casing, forms ground layer；And will according to experiment
Ask and a number of pressure sensor, displacement transducer are buried in ground layer；D) builds upper part work structure sheaf, for mould
Intend object, the engineering structure consistent with treating simulated object is built on ground layer, form engineering structure layer, and in corresponding position
Put embedded strain, pressure, displacement transducer；E) settlement of foundation is simulated, and is driven by manual or motor and is taken sandpipe to rotate,
Take in sandpipe, and will be taken by pushing away sand bar in sandpipe so that the soil body of ground layer bottom is entered by outer leakage sand hole, interior leakage sand hole
The soil body smash out；The settling amount of ground layer is controlled by controlling to take out the quantity of the soil body；F) Data acquisition and issuances, on ground
In base sedimentation simulation process, the data of all embedded sensors are measured and record, by the data variation of Monitoring Data sensor,
The analytically changing rule of superstructure stress deformation caused by base multi-point settlement, simulation test can be to the engineering knot on ground layer
The destruction completely of structure layer；G) observes ground interior change situation, and simulated test enters after limiting damage state, by transparent glass door
Extract out, the model ground layer after the completion of settling test is excavated according to analysis of experiments requirement, directly to observe inside ground layer
Situation of change.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Settling test model and its experiment side that sand leakage method is driven based on motor of the present invention
Method, sets outer tube in the bottom of model casing cavity according to test requirements document and takes sandpipe, can be achieved to sand leakage point, sand leakage point quantity
Control, internally laid from the bottom to top in cavity ground layer, engineering structure layer, and ground layer, engineering structure layer in bury
Strain, pressure, displacement transducer；In process of the test, control push away sand bar from take sandpipe to smash out the quantity of the soil body can control settlement
Amount, passes through the change of the data variation of Monitoring Data sensor, analytically superstructure stress deformation caused by base multi-point settlement
Rule.
Further, by setting the sand leakage being made up of motor, power transmission shaft, driving gear, driven gear to control automatically
Device processed, motor is by the control to taking sandpipe rotational angle, to realize the control to sand leakage speed.By by model casing
A side be set to transparent glass door, be easy in process of the test directly observe ground layer interior change situation.The present invention's
Settling test model and test method, it is simple and reasonable, sand leakage point and quantity can be set according to requirement of experiment, can be real
The simulation of the different type sedimentations such as existing bumping at bridge-head, differential settlement, land in gully, edge sedimentation, beneficial effect significantly, is suitable to
Application.
The present invention's drives the settling test model and its test method advantage of sand leakage method to be embodied in based on motor：
（1）, can according to the difference of test requirements document, flexibly set and adjustment outer tube position, pass through and reserve inside and outside leakage
The position of sand hole, can be achieved the simulation of deep ground earth multi-point settlement, realizes bumping at bridge-head, differential settlement, land in gully, edge
The simulation of the different types such as sedimentation sedimentation.
（2）, by setting outer tube and taking the diameter of sandpipe and the quantity of leakage sand hole, and by motor control take
The rotational angle of sandpipe, can be achieved to settling amount, the accurate control of the rate of settling.
（3）, due to can be disposed within by whole testing equipment so that the model test environment of such as humidity, temperature parameter
Easily controllable, measurement sensor is easy to lay and monitored, with reference to Sensor monitoring data, and process of the test can conveniently monitor ground layer
And the deformation stressing conditions of upper part work structure sheaf.
（4）, the transparent glass door that can extract of use, be easy to according to analysis of experiments requirement in process of the test and settling test
After the completion of model foundation dredging, can and directly observe ground interior change situation.
（5）, testing equipment construction is concise, operability is high, the model casing manufacturing cost is not high, and is widely used, the examination
Test model and method is easily achieved and promoted.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the settling test model of the present invention；
Fig. 2 for the present invention in take the structural representation that sandpipe is engaged with outer tube；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram tested using settling test model in the present invention.
In figure：1 model casing, 2 cavitys, 3 outer tubes, 4 take sandpipe, 5 outer leakage sand holes, leakage sand hole in 6, and 7 push away sand bar, 8 transmissions
Axle, 9 driving gears, 10 driven gears, 11 motors, 12 transparent glass doors, 13 fixed frames, 14 graduation marks, 15 ground layers,
16 engineering structures layer, 17 measurement sensors.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, give the present invention settling test model structural representation, its by model casing 1, outer tube 3,
Take sandpipe 4, push away sand bar 7, power transmission shaft 8, driving gear 9, driven gear 10, motor 11, transparent glass door 12, fixed frame
13 compositions, shown model casing 1 is the three-dimensional shape of upper end open, and the inside of model casing 1 is cavity.Outer tube 3 is arranged at mould
The bottom of the internal cavities 2 of molding box 1, the both ends open of outer tube 3 simultaneously passes body wall with the both sides of model casing 1, takes sandpipe 4 to be located at outer
It is coaxially disposed in sleeve pipe 3 and with outer tube 3, to ensure to take sandpipe 4 freely to rotate in outer tube 3.
Outer leakage sand hole 5 is offered on shown outer tube 3, takes and is opened up on position corresponding with outer leakage sand hole 5 on sandpipe 4
There is interior leakage sand hole 6；, can be to the sand leakage point quantity of ground layer to be tested by changing the quantity of outer leakage sand hole 5 and interior leakage sand hole 6
It is controlled, by changing the position of outer leakage sand hole 5 and interior leakage sand hole 6, the adjustment of sand leakage point position can be achieved.As shown in Fig. 2
The structural representation for taking sandpipe to be engaged with outer tube in the present invention is given, when outer leakage sand hole 5 with interior leakage sand hole 6 in the absence of weight
During conjunction, sand leakage amount is minimum（It is zero）, when outer leakage sand hole 5 is completely superposed with interior leakage sand hole 6, sand leakage amount is maximum, outer by adjustment
Leakage sand hole 5 and the size of the overlapping region of interior leakage sand hole 6, can be controlled to sand leakage amount, with control settlement speed.Meanwhile, lead to
Cross the outer tube 3 for using different-diameter size and take sandpipe 4, the rate of settling can be also controlled.
One side of shown model casing 1 is transparent glass door 12, and the both sides of transparent glass door 12 are provided with fixed frame
Frame 13, fixed frame 13 is fixed on model casing, the guide groove fixed to transparent glass door 12 is provided with fixed frame 13, thoroughly
Bright glass door 12 is installed and fixed by the guide groove on fixed frame 13, and graduation mark is additionally provided with transparent glass door 12
14.In the process of the test of settlement of foundation, the situation of change of ground layer can be observed by transparent glass door 12.
The sand leakage that motor 11, power transmission shaft 8, driving gear 9 and driven gear 10 constitute the present invention automatically controls dress
Put, the output shaft of motor 11 is used to drive power transmission shaft 8 to be rotated.Driving gear 9 is fixed on power transmission shaft 8, passive tooth
Wheel 10 is fixed on the one end for taking sandpipe 4, and driving gear 9 is meshed with driven gear 10, and such motor 11, which can drive, takes sand
Pipe 4 is rotated.In process of the test, motor 11 by taking the rotational angle of sandpipe 4, can adjust in leakage sand hole 6 and leakage
The overlapping region size of sand hole 5, and then realize the control to the rate of settling.
Wherein, model casing 1 can use Patent No. ZL201220527366.0, invention and created name for " ground foundation simulation is used
Model casing disclosed in the patent document of Demountable combined-type model casing ", the one side use of model casing can be had an X-rayed organic
Glass, is easy to mark scale on foundation settlement deformation in inspection box, clear glass, to precisely observation settling amount.Model casing 1
The size of length should be controlled within 2m*2m*1m, and the engineering structures such as subgrade and pavement layer, top work are laid on ground layer
Journey structure sheaf size and material are designed according to simulated object, can basis in ground layer and upper part work structure sheaf
Test objective is installed with requirement and measures strain, stress, the sensor of displacement, connects up flexible, survival rate height and convenient test.
As shown in figure 3, give the schematic diagram tested in the present invention using settling test model, it is of the invention based on
The test method of the settling test model of motor driving sand leakage method, is realized by following steps：
A) builds model casing, according to test requirements document and purpose, builds the model casing that length is of the required size；
B) designs sand leakage structure, straight in the bottom arrangement of model casing internal cavities according to the Practical Project situation to be simulated
Footpath, quantity, the satisfactory outer tube in position, and installed in the inside of outer tube be matched therewith take sandpipe；By setting
Outer tube, the position for taking sandpipe in model casing are put, to control ground layer settlement point position；
C) fill-up grounds basic unit, according to the Practical Project geological conditions to be simulated, chooses suitable soil property and is layed in model casing
Bottom, formed ground layer；And a number of pressure sensor, displacement sensing are buried in ground layer according to test requirements document
Device；
D) builds upper part work structure sheaf, and for simulated object, the work consistent with treating simulated object is built on ground layer
Journey structures, form engineering structure layer, and bury strain, pressure, displacement transducer in corresponding position；
E) settlement of foundation is simulated, and is driven by manual or motor and is taken sandpipe to rotate, so that the soil body of ground layer bottom
Entered by outer leakage sand hole, interior leakage sand hole and taken in sandpipe, and by pushing away sand bar the soil body in sandpipe will be taken to smash out；Taken by control
Go out the quantity of the soil body to control the settling amount of ground layer；
F) Data acquisition and issuances, in settlement of foundation simulation process, measure and record the number of all embedded sensors
According to passing through the change of the data variation of Monitoring Data sensor, analytically superstructure stress deformation caused by base multi-point settlement
Rule, simulation test can be to the engineering structure layer destruction completely on ground layer；
G) observes ground interior change situation, and simulated test enters after limiting damage state, transparent glass door is extracted out,
The model ground layer after the completion of settling test is excavated according to analysis of experiments requirement, directly to observe ground layer interior change feelings
Condition.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of test method of the settling test model based on motor driving sand leakage method, settling test model includes upper end open
Model casing（1）, the inside of model casing is setting ground layer（15）Cavity（2）, the top of ground layer is used to set to be tested
Engineering structure layer（16）；The bottom of the model casing internal cavities is provided with least one outer tube（3）, the two ends of outer tube
Be open and run through be provided with model casing, outer tube can carry out free rotation take sandpipe（4）, offer on outer tube some
Outer leakage sand hole（5）, take the interior leakage sand hole for being provided with and being engaged with outer leakage sand hole on sandpipe（6）, the sand in sandpipe is taken by pushing away
Sand bar（7）Discharge；The measurement sensor for obtaining detection data is provided with ground layer and/or engineering structure layer（17）；
The model casing（1）A side for ease of observation cavity（2）The transparent glass door of middle situation（12）, transparent glass door
Both sides be provided with the fixed frame being fixed on model casing（13）, it is provided with fixed frame and is easy to glass door to be inserted and removed from
Guide groove；
Including sand leakage automaton, sand leakage automaton is by motor（11）, power transmission shaft（8）And driving gear
（9）Composition, driving gear is fixed on power transmission shaft, and motor is used to drive power transmission shaft to be rotated, and takes sandpipe（4）It is upper to set
There is the driven gear being meshed with driving gear（10）；
Characterized in that, driving the test method of the settling test model of sand leakage method based on motor, realized by following steps：
A) builds model casing, according to test requirements document and purpose, builds the model casing that length is of the required size；
B) designs sand leakage structure, according to the Practical Project situation to be simulated, bottom placement diameter in model casing internal cavities,
Quantity, the satisfactory outer tube in position, and installed in the inside of outer tube be matched therewith take sandpipe；It is outer by setting
Sleeve pipe, position of the sandpipe in model casing is taken, to control ground layer settlement point position；
C) fill-up grounds basic unit, according to the Practical Project geological conditions to be simulated, chooses the bottom that suitable soil property is layed in model casing
Portion, forms ground layer；And a number of pressure sensor, displacement transducer are buried in ground layer according to test requirements document；
D) builds upper part work structure sheaf, and for simulated object, the engineering structure consistent with treating simulated object is built on ground layer
Thing is built, engineering structure layer is formed, and strain, pressure, displacement transducer are buried in corresponding position；
E) settlement of foundation is simulated, and is driven by manual or motor and is taken sandpipe to rotate, so that the soil body of ground layer bottom passes through
Outer leakage sand hole, interior leakage sand hole, which enter, to be taken in sandpipe, and by pushing away sand bar the soil body in sandpipe will be taken to smash out；By controlling to take out soil
The quantity of body controls the settling amount of ground layer；
F) Data acquisition and issuances, in settlement of foundation simulation process, measure and record the data of all embedded sensors, lead to
The data variation of Monitoring Data sensor is crossed, analytically the changing rule of superstructure stress deformation caused by base multi-point settlement,
Simulation test can be to the engineering structure layer destruction completely on ground layer；
G) observes ground interior change situation, and simulated test enters after limiting damage state, transparent glass door is extracted out, according to
Analysis of experiments requirement is excavated to the model ground layer after the completion of settling test, directly to observe ground layer interior change situation.
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| CN105510560B true CN105510560B (en) | 2017-08-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11835508B2 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-12-05 | China University Of Geosciences | Model test device for ground collapse caused by pipeline leakage |
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| CN107918000A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-04-17 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig and its application method of quick, easy soil body Settlement Model |
| CN108333072A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-27 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | A kind of road surface dynamic deflection calibration method and device based on respondent behavior reconstruct |
| CN109030033A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of experimental rig for simulating two-wire Subway Train Operation in Existed Subway operating condition |
| CN109459327A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-12 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Red beds roadbed dynamic deformation simulated testing system |
| CN114277858B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-07-18 | 中国能源建设集团安徽电力建设第一工程有限公司 | Indoor simulation test device for tubular pile settlement and strain measurement of boulder stratum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH07104336B2 (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1995-11-13 | 東急建設株式会社 | Ground model loading test device |
| CN2242456Y (en) * | 1995-09-05 | 1996-12-11 | 邓福珍 | Double layer rotary seal type sampling device |
| CN102426396B (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-10-16 | 同济大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating deep-displacement-initiated strata deformation coordination mechanism |
| CN202351077U (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-25 | 南京银茂铅锌矿业有限公司 | Cement sampler |
| CN105021418B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-12-08 | 河海大学 | Suitable for the shield tunneling surface model and analogy method of geotechnical centrifugal model test |
| CN105242028B (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-04-05 | 中国矿业大学 | One kind is taken out filling by skyscraper load and subsoil water and causes soil body delaminating deposition model test apparatus and test method |
| CN205404572U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-27 | 山东泰和公路工程有限公司 | Subside test model based on motor drive leaks sand method |
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| US11835508B2 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-12-05 | China University Of Geosciences | Model test device for ground collapse caused by pipeline leakage |
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