CN105510272A - Ischemic cerebrum detection device and method based on terahertz wave transmission type imaging - Google Patents
Ischemic cerebrum detection device and method based on terahertz wave transmission type imaging Download PDFInfo
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- 210000004720 cerebrum Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 7
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- 208000028867 ischemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
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- 206010008118 cerebral infarction Diseases 0.000 abstract description 12
- 201000006474 Brain Ischemia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 11
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ischemic cerebrum detection device based on terahertz wave transmission type imaging. The ischemic cerebrum detection device comprises a terahertz source, a data acquisition card and a computer, terahertz waves transmitted by the terahertz source are introduced on a metal wire grid forming a 45-degree angle with the terahertz waves, and part of the terahertz waves are introduced to a first terahertz detector connected with the input end of the data acquisition card after being reflected by the metal wire grid; the other part of the terahertz waves is finally detected by a second terahertz detector after being transmitted by the metal wire grid. The device is reasonable in overall layout, compact in structure, high in measuring accuracy and simple in operation. The invention further discloses an ischemic cerebrum detection method capable of timely and accurately reflecting the diseased portion, the lesion size and the ischemic penumbra of the ischemic cerebrum, and when the detection method is adopted to conduct imaging on the ischemic cerebrum, the diseased portion, the lesion size and the ischemic penumbra of the ischemic cerebrum can be accurately reflected 2 hours after cerebral ischemia occurs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomedical imaging field, specifically, relate to a kind of pick-up unit and method of the ischemic tissue of brain based on the imaging of THz wave transmission-type.
Background technology
Cerebral arterial thrombosis is one of principal disease threatening global human health, accounts for 60 ~ 70% of whole patients with cerebral apoplexy, has the higher incidence of disease, disability rate and mortality ratio.Cerebral ischemia refers to the function of brain cell and morphologic change that cause because cerebral blood flow (CBF) declines, and only have after cerebral blood flow (CBF) decline reaches certain level and certain time, brain tissue ischemic just can occur and changes.The cerebral blood flow (CBF) that a variety of causes causes declines all can make cell hypoxia, and cerebral anoxia energy metabolism impairment directly suppresses the activity of sodium/potassium ATP enzyme on plasma membrane, and potassium ion outflows in a large number; Calcium ion, chlorion and sodion flow into and assemble in cell, and form hyperosmotic state in cell, a large amount of moisture content enters in cell, causes ECS to reduce, cellular swelling (cytotoxic edema).The now non-opening of blood-brain barrier, after a few hours there is ischemic necrosis in histocyte.Vascular endothelial cell damage after 5 to 6 hours, causes blood-brain barrier disruption, and protein permeability increases, ion permeability also increases greatly, and tissue space moisture content is assembled, and forms vasogenic edema, organize total moisture content to increase gradually, now cerebral ischemia is to irreversible future development.Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are very important, and distinguish certain region brain tissue ischemia whether and the ischemic order of severity can provide diagnosis basis and operation decision-making foundation for clinical treatment.
At present, for acute cerebral ischemia the most effectively, one of the most promising methods for the treatment of carries out thromboembolism treatment at Super acute (<6h), if but thrombolysis to select opportunity improper, not only can causing bleeding property cerebral infarction, and reperfusion injury can increase the weight of local brain tissue anoxic, increase the weight of the state of an illness, even accelerate patient death.Therefore, find and a kind ofly can determine that the method for lesions position and scope seems very important in early days.But the medical imaging detection method that present stage uses hospital traditional, as: the formation methods such as CT, MRI, check that ischemic tissue of brain needs could show ischemic focus after 6 hours of onset, and the scope of cerebral ischemic penumbra, the degree of ischemic cannot be determined and react diseased region accurately.Therefore the biomedical imaging technology finding a kind of diseased region that can reflect cerebral ischemia tissue as early as possible accurately, size of tumor and cerebral ischemic penumbra is newly needed.This pathological analysis for early stage brain tissue ischemia is studied and is realized early diagnosis, and the research of the scope and the normal brain tissue of protection that farthest reduce ischemic necrosis has great practical significance.
(Terahertz is called for short THz, 1THz=10 to Terahertz
12hz) wave band refers to that frequency is from 100GHz to 10THz, corresponding wavelength from 3 millimeters to 30 microns, the electromagnetic wave spectrum region that spectral range is quite wide between millimeter wave and infrared light.Because this frequency range is the frequency range of macroelectronics to the transition of microcosmic photonics, there is a lot of unique character, particularly because the vibration of a lot of biomacromolecule and rotational frequency all fall within terahertz wave band, material is in the transmitting of THz wave wave band, abundant physics and chemistry information is contained in reflection and transmitted spectrum, and the photon energy of the THz wave low electromagnetic photon energy of the 1THz (only have an appointment 4meV), it is far smaller than the energy of X ray, can not to biomacromolecule, biological cell and tissue produce harmful ionization, be particularly suitable for carrying out biopsy to biological tissue.In addition, THz wave is very responsive to hydrone, the hydration of concertedness in aqueous solution between ion and protein effectively can not only be detected, and has high sensitivity especially to the moisture change of biological tissue.This likely makes THz wave be highly suitable for the moisture of biological tissue and Related Component change detects, and then the health tissues of difference biosome and diseased tissue or identification.Meanwhile, it is to biological characteristic cell density and arrangement comparatively sensitivity thereof.Therefore, THz wave imaging technique has great application prospect and using value in fields such as real-time biological information extraction, biological tissue's biopsy, medical imaging and medical diagnosiss.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain based on the imaging of THz wave transmission-type is provided, apparatus of the present invention are by putting the control and detection that realize THz wave to the difference of each optical component, device integral layout is reasonable, compact conformation, measuring accuracy is high, simple to operate; Another object of the present invention be utilize above-mentioned detection device provide a kind of can the detection method of ischemic tissue of brain of the diseased region of reflection cerebral ischemia tissue promptly and accurately, size of tumor and cerebral ischemic penumbra, adopt this detection method to ischemic tissue of brain imaging, can be implemented in after cerebral ischemia occurs 2 hours, reflect the diseased region of cerebral ischemia tissue, size of tumor and cerebral ischemic penumbra accurately.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, comprise THz source, data collecting card and computing machine, the THz wave that described THz source is launched incides the wire grating with described THz wave angle at 45 °, and a part for described THz wave is incident to the first terahertz detector be connected with described data collecting card input end after described wire grating reflection;
Another part of described THz wave after wire grating transmission successively through the first gold-plated film catoptron, the second gold-plated film catoptron and the 3rd gold-plated film catoptron, THz wave after the 3rd gold-plated film catoptron reflection successively normal transmission by the first Terahertz lens, can the two-dimensional movement platform of translation and the second Terahertz lens for what place brain tissue sample, the THz wave after the second Terahertz lens transmission is by being incident to the second terahertz detector be connected with data collecting card input end after the 4th gold-plated film catoptron reflection; Described computing machine receives the mobile message of data that described data collecting card collects and described two-dimensional movement platform.
The frequency range of the THz wave that described THz source is launched is 0.1THz-10THz.
Described two-dimensional movement platform is configured to by propping up of hollow, is provided with the substrate for placing brain tissue sample directly over described support.Described substrate is quartz glass material.
According to the detection method of the pick-up unit of the described ischemic tissue of brain based on the imaging of THz wave transmission-type, step is as follows:
(1) THz source launches THz wave, incides on described wire grating, and the incident light when THz wave of described wire grating reflection detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the first terahertz detector; The transmitted light when THz wave of described wire grating transmission detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the second terahertz detector;
(2) brain tissue sample is positioned over two-dimensional movement platform, the position of adjustment two-dimensional movement platform, the brain tissue sample be placed on two-dimensional movement platform is made to be on the focal plane of the first Terahertz lens, the current location information of computer recording two-dimensional movement platform; Above-mentioned transmitted light is detected by the second terahertz detector successively after the first Terahertz lens, brain tissue sample and the second Terahertz lens; Data collecting card gathers signal that the first terahertz detector and the second terahertz detector detect simultaneously and is delivered to computing machine after being converted to data, obtains the incident intensity of brain tissue sample in this position and transmitted light intensity respectively;
(3) repeated execution of steps (2), final incident intensity and the transmitted light intensity obtaining diverse location place in brain tissue sample; Obtain the hydrone volumetric concentration of brain tissue sample in above-mentioned all positions by Beer-Lambert law, finally draw out the image of brain tissue sample.
Brain tissue sample is obtained by Beer-Lambert law as follows in the step of the hydrone volumetric concentration of above-mentioned all positions described in step (3):
By Beer-Lambert law, light through the transmitance T of material is:
T＝I
out/I
in＝exp(-αd)
Wherein, I
inand I
outbe respectively incident intensity and transmitted light intensity, unit is candela, and d is brain tissue sample's thickness, and the absorption coefficient of THz wave is:
α＝α
wv
w+α
nwv
nw＝α
wv
w+α
nw(1-v
w)
Wherein, α
wand α
nwbe respectively the absorption coefficient of hydrone and its hetero-organization, v
wand v
nwbe respectively the volumetric concentration of hydrone and its hetero-organization, meet v
w+ v
nw=1;
Therefore THz wave is rewritten as through the transmitance of described brain tissue sample:
T＝exp[-(α
wv
w+α
nwv
nw)d]
Because the absorption of hydrone to THz wave is far longer than the absorption of its hetero-organization for THz wave, is rich in large quantity of moisture in brain tissue sample, obtains α
wv
w> > α
nwv
nw, therefore, the volumetric concentration of hydrone is:
v
w＝-(lnT/α
wd)
Thus the ischemia of brain tissue sample is drawn out with the hydrone volumetric concentration of brain tissue sample of diverse location place.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that technical scheme of the present invention is brought is:
The present invention utilizes THz wave to have for tissue water concentration the drafting that the hypersensitivity feature different with the water concentration of brain tissue in different ischemic situation achieves brain tissue ischemia situation distribution plan, use the present invention not only significantly can observe diseased region in cerebral ischemia after 2 hours, and size of tumor and cerebral ischemic penumbra can be reflected accurately, this is that other traditional biological medical imaging technologies not reached at present, also for the pathological analysis of early stage brain tissue ischemia is studied and realizes early diagnosis, the scope of maximum minimizing ischemic necrosis and the research of the normal brain tissue of protection provide new technological means.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of pick-up unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is experimental result schematic diagram.
Reference numeral: the gold-plated film catoptron 11-second terahertz detector 12-data collecting card 13-computing machine of the 1-THz source 2-wire grating 3-first terahertz detector gold-plated film catoptron 5-second of 4-first gold-plated film catoptron 6-the 3rd gold-plated film catoptron 7-first Terahertz lens 8-two-dimensional movement platform 9-second Terahertz lens 10-the 4th
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, based on the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, comprise THz source 1, data collecting card 12 and computing machine 13, the frequency range of the THz wave that THz source 1 is launched is 0.1THz-10THz, the THz wave that THz source is launched incides wire grating 2, wire grating 2 plays the effect of light splitting, put wire grating 2 and make wire grating 2 and incident THz wave angle at 45 °, the THz wave of incidence can be divided into the equal transmission THz wave of light intensity and reflected terahertz hereby ripple by such setting, incident light when THz wave after wire grating 2 reflects detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the first terahertz detector 3.
Transmitted light when THz wave after wire grating 2 transmission detects as brain tissue sample, successively through the first gold-plated film catoptron 4, after second gold-plated film catoptron 5 and the 3rd gold-plated film catoptron 6 carry out light path turnover, vertical incidence to the first Terahertz lens 7, first Terahertz lens 7 and the second Terahertz lens 9 form telescopic system, THz wave focuses on through the first Terahertz lens 7, at focus place, hot spot is minimum, the position of adjustment two-dimensional movement platform 8 is controlled by computer program, the brain tissue sample be placed on two-dimensional movement platform 8 can be made to be on the focal plane of the first Terahertz lens 7, THz wave after brain tissue is again through the second Terahertz lens 9, again directional light is become, spot size is identical with the spot size incided before the first Terahertz lens 7, finally detected by the second terahertz detector 11 afterwards by the reflection of the 4th gold-plated film catoptron 10 again, data collecting card 12 gathers the signal that two terahertz detectors detect simultaneously, and be delivered to computing machine 13 after signal is converted to data, in addition computing machine 13 records the positional information of two-dimensional movement platform 8, obtain brain tissue sample's diverse location place THz wave intensity in transmission, draw out brain tissue sample's image.
As follows according to the detection method step of above-mentioned detection device:
(1) THz source launches THz wave, incides on described wire grating, and the incident light when THz wave of wire grating reflection detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the first terahertz detector; The transmitted light when THz wave of wire grating transmission detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the second terahertz detector;
(2) brain tissue sample is positioned over two-dimensional movement platform, the position of adjustment two-dimensional movement platform, the brain tissue sample be placed on two-dimensional movement platform is made to be on the focal plane of the first Terahertz lens, the current location information of computer recording two-dimensional movement platform; Above-mentioned transmitted light is detected by the second terahertz detector successively after the first Terahertz lens, brain tissue sample and the second Terahertz lens; Data collecting card gathers signal that the first terahertz detector and the second terahertz detector detect simultaneously and is delivered to computing machine after being converted to data, obtains the incident intensity of brain tissue sample in this position and transmitted light intensity respectively;
(3) repeated execution of steps (2), final incident intensity and the transmitted light intensity obtaining diverse location place in brain tissue sample; Obtain the hydrone volumetric concentration of brain tissue sample in above-mentioned all positions by Beer-Lambert law, finally draw out the image of brain tissue sample.
Brain tissue sample is obtained by Beer-Lambert law as follows in the step of the hydrone volumetric concentration of above-mentioned all positions described in step (3):
By Beer-Lambert law, light through the transmitance T of material is:
T＝I
out/I
in＝exp(-αd)
Wherein, I
inand I
outbe respectively incident intensity and transmitted light intensity, unit is candela, and d is brain tissue sample's thickness, and in specific experiment, consider THz wave intensity and the detector sensitivity of transmission, the span of generally getting d is 10-60 micron;
THz wave in the tissue being rich in moisture by moisture and other materials absorb, so the absorption coefficient of THz wave is:
α＝α
wv
w+α
nwv
nw＝α
wv
w+α
nw(1-v
w)
Wherein, α
wand α
nwbe respectively the absorption coefficient of hydrone and its hetero-organization, v
wand v
nwbe respectively the volumetric concentration of hydrone and its hetero-organization, meet v
w+ v
nw=1;
Therefore THz wave is rewritten as through the transmitance of described brain tissue sample:
T＝exp[-(α
wv
w+α
nwv
nw)d]
In fact, hydrone to the absorption of THz wave much larger than the absorption of its hetero-organization for THz wave, so for the brain tissue sample of being rich in hydrone, α
wv
w> > α
nwv
nwset up.Therefore, the volumetric concentration of hydrone is:
v
w＝-(lnT/α
wd)
Due in brain tissue, the water concentration that the position that degree of ischemia is different is specifically different, and when THz wave is through the position that degree of ischemia is different, its degree absorbed by brain tissue is also different.So the volumetric concentration of the hydrone of brain tissue diverse location can be calculated by the transmitance of THz wave, thus draw the ischemia of brain tissue with the hydrone volumetric concentration of diverse location brain tissue.Because THz wave has hypersensitivity to the water concentration in tissue, so use transmission-type formation method in cerebral ischemia after 2 hours, the diseased region of cerebral ischemia tissue, size of tumor and cerebral ischemic penumbra can be reflected accurately.
Carry out being detected as example with Mice brain tissues ischemia in the present embodiment, frequency of utilization is the THz source of 2.52THz.First 5 fresh mouse ischemic tissue of brain samples are produced by medical means, its ischemic duration is respectively: 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h and 4h, then each mouse ischemic tissue of brain is cut into slices respectively, slice thickness is 40 microns, next sample sections is placed on two-dimensional movement platform, make mobile platform point by point scanning of computerizeing control, collect by the first terahertz detector and the second terahertz detector the incident intensity I that Mice brain tissues often puts respectively
inwith transmitted light intensity I
out.
According to formula T=I
out/ I
incalculate the transmitance T of THz wave to Mice brain tissues each point.
And then by formula v
w=-(lnT/ α
wd) volumetric concentration of hydrone in Mice brain tissues is calculated.
Wherein α
w=499.15091cm
-1, for when THz wave frequency is 2.52THz, hydrone is to the absorption coefficient of THz wave; D=40 μm.
In sum, we calculate the water volume concentration of brain tissue diverse location by gathering the incident intensity often put of brain tissue and transmitted light intensity, thus characterize the ischemia of brain tissue with water volume concentration, finally draw and obtain ischemic tissue of brain pattern, see Fig. 2.Can see at brain tissue ischemia after 2 hours, use this method accurately can reflect diseased region, size of tumor and cerebral ischemic penumbra clearly.
Claims (6)
1. based on the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, comprise THz source (1), data collecting card (12) and computing machine (13), it is characterized in that, the THz wave that described THz source (1) is launched incides and the wire grating at described THz wave angle at 45 ° (2), and a part for described THz wave is incident to the first terahertz detector (3) be connected with described data collecting card (12) input end after described wire grating (2) reflection;
Another part of described THz wave after wire grating (2) transmission successively through the first gold-plated film catoptron (4), second gold-plated film catoptron (5) and the 3rd gold-plated film catoptron (6), THz wave after the 3rd gold-plated film catoptron (6) reflection successively normal transmission passes through the first Terahertz lens (7), for placing two-dimensional movement platform (8) and the second Terahertz lens (9) of brain tissue sample, THz wave after the second Terahertz lens (9) transmission is by being incident to the second terahertz detector (11) be connected with data collecting card (12) input end after the 4th gold-plated film catoptron (10) reflection,
Described computing machine (13) receives the mobile message of data that described data collecting card (12) collects and described two-dimensional movement platform (8).
2. according to claim 1 based on the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, it is characterized in that, the frequency range of the THz wave that described THz source is launched is 0.1THz-10THz.
3. according to claim 1 based on the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, it is characterized in that, described two-dimensional movement platform (8) is configured to by propping up of hollow, is provided with the substrate for placing brain tissue sample directly over described support.
4. according to claim 3 based on the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, it is characterized in that, described substrate is quartz glass material.
5., according to claim 1 based on the detection method of the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain of THz wave transmission-type imaging, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1) THz source (1) launches THz wave, incide on described wire grating (2), the incident light when THz wave that described wire grating (2) reflects detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the first terahertz detector (3); The transmitted light when THz wave of described wire grating (2) transmission detects as brain tissue sample is detected by the second terahertz detector (11);
(2) brain tissue sample is positioned over two-dimensional movement platform (8), the position of adjustment two-dimensional movement platform (8), the brain tissue sample be placed on two-dimensional movement platform (8) is made to be on the focal plane of the first Terahertz lens (7), the current location information of computing machine (13) record two-dimensional movement platform (8); Above-mentioned transmitted light is detected by the second terahertz detector (11) successively after the first Terahertz lens (7), brain tissue sample and the second Terahertz lens (9); Data collecting card (12) gathers signal that the first terahertz detector (3) and the second terahertz detector (11) detect simultaneously and is delivered to computing machine (13) after being converted to data, obtains the incident intensity of brain tissue sample in this position and transmitted light intensity respectively;
(3) repeated execution of steps (2), final incident intensity and the transmitted light intensity obtaining diverse location place in brain tissue sample; Obtain the hydrone volumetric concentration of brain tissue sample in above-mentioned all positions by Beer-Lambert law, finally draw out the image of brain tissue sample.
6. the detection method of the pick-up unit of the ischemic tissue of brain based on the imaging of THz wave transmission-type according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, obtain brain tissue sample by Beer-Lambert law described in step (3) as follows in the step of the hydrone volumetric concentration of above-mentioned all positions:
By Beer-Lambert law, light through the transmitance T of material is:
T＝I
out/I
in＝exp(-αd)
Wherein, I
inand I
outbe respectively incident intensity and transmitted light intensity, unit is candela, and d is brain tissue sample's thickness, and the absorption coefficient of THz wave is:
α＝α
wv
w+α
nwv
nw＝α
wv
w+α
nw(1-v
w)
Wherein, α
wand α
nwbe respectively the absorption coefficient of hydrone and its hetero-organization, v
wand v
nwbe respectively the volumetric concentration of hydrone and its hetero-organization, meet v
w+ v
nw=1;
Therefore THz wave is rewritten as through the transmitance of described brain tissue sample:
T＝exp[-(α
wv
w+α
nwv
nw)d]
Because the absorption of hydrone to THz wave is far longer than the absorption of its hetero-organization for THz wave, is rich in large quantity of moisture in brain tissue sample, obtains α
wv
w> > α
nwv
nw, therefore, the volumetric concentration of hydrone is:
v
w＝-(lnT/α
wd)
Thus the ischemia of brain tissue sample is drawn out with the hydrone volumetric concentration of brain tissue sample of diverse location place.
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