CN105509718B - Measuring device with ball point bearing - Google Patents
Measuring device with ball point bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509718B CN105509718B CN201510602548.8A CN201510602548A CN105509718B CN 105509718 B CN105509718 B CN 105509718B CN 201510602548 A CN201510602548 A CN 201510602548A CN 105509718 B CN105509718 B CN 105509718B
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- cavity
- measuring device
- rotor
- base portion
- deflection component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
- G01C3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/50—Other types of ball or roller bearings
- F16C19/507—Other types of ball or roller bearings with rolling elements journaled in one of the moving parts, e.g. stationary rollers to support a rotating part
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2370/00—Apparatus relating to physics, e.g. instruments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2370/00—Apparatus relating to physics, e.g. instruments
- F16C2370/20—Optical, e.g. movable lenses or mirrors; Spectacles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring devices (1) with ball point bearing.Have in the measuring device (1)：For positioning measuring device (1) base portion (2) and with for measure target beam path pitch components (4), the pitch components (4) in a manner of self-centering by being clamped in two cavitys (10,11) rotor (9) in can be radially and axially mounted in deflection component (3) and can be rotated relative to deflection component (3), which can be mobile relative to base portion (2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring devices.
Background technology
In many measuring devices, the optical measurement radiation of orientation for example needs the portion by being directed at integrated optical source path
Part is aligned by focusing in target.In this case, such amendment must be performed accurately, and
It must also be performed fast enough in the situation of dynamic application, it is therefore desirable, for example, mobile big mass block is unfavorable.This
Outside, the live applicability of measuring device fundamentally needs the robustness and low-energy-consumption of driving and bearing.
Industrial or geodetic measuring device mainly has vertical axes and sloping shaft, these axis are mounted and drive.In this way
The example of measuring device be total powerstation, theodolite or tachymeter, they can also be obtained with integrated automatic target and target
Tracking cell be used to make measurement task diversified together, wherein, data or individual inspiration are either obtained, such as construction is now
Field monitoring, is all considered.Other measuring devices are, for example, beam scanner system, such as laser tracker, laser scanner or
The topological diagram on surface is recorded as three-dimensional point cloud by profiler in scan method.
The accuracy characteristic of axis essentially consists in bearing.Bearing must size be accurate, dimensionally stable and shock resistance or erosion control
It hits.In order to accurately perform positioning behavior in very small angle interval, it is also necessary to extremely low friction, wherein particularly
It is related to from the frictional force being attached in the transition process of slip.
Previous in solution, rolling bearing and/or sliding bearing are frequently used for installation purpose.But particularly
Also as a typically at least bearing must be provided for axially mounted, and a bearing must be provided for radially installed,
These bearings need relatively great amount of structure space.Structure and manufacture cost is caused to increase, and therefore due to these situations
It is costly.Due to lacking compactness, more quality are moved.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of industry or geodetic measuring device, which, which has, is used for
The bearing of its rotatable parts, rotatable parts spontaneously compensate the bearing clearance related with abrasion, and thereby, it is ensured that geometrical stability
Property.
Another object is to provide a kind of industry or geodetic measuring device, which has quantity and/or multiple
The parts of bearings that polygamy reduces or the structure size with reduction.
Another object is to provide a kind of industry or geodetic measuring device, which, which has, resists impact damage
Protection mechanism, so as to reduce impact event middle (center) bearing damage occur possibility.
Measuring device according to the present invention, particularly total powerstation, tracker or scanner, the measuring device have：Extremely
A few optical measurement beam path；For the base portion of positioning measuring device；Deflection component, the deflection component are pacified on base portion
Dressing up can rotate around vertical axes, for the alignment of orientation of beam path；And pitch components, the pitch components are in deflection component
In be mounted to rotate around sloping shaft, for the height alignment of beam path.
According to the present invention, measuring device is designed to make it using ball point bearing to install its component.According to the present invention,
At least one component for waiting to be rotated of geodesy measuring device is installed by ball point bearing.The component for example by alignment or
The beam path improved for measurement of person's alignment.
Ball point bearing is characterized in that, by rotor (especially sphere) or can also be for example by ovoid, double
Cone (there is vertex away from each other), the bicone topped or the above-mentioned combination for referring to various bodies, relative to fixed
Son installation rotor, wherein three kinds participate in components holding and are steadily aligned each other, way is that rotor and stator have and be especially formed
For the footstock (centering seat) of rotor.The footstock is cavity, is surround by self-centering and in a manner of stablizing
Rotor.Cavity can be such as anchor ring, taper, cone, spherical or aspherical.Rotor only sinks to corresponding sky
Chamber still protrudes from corresponding cavity, in this case, it is sufficient to so that rotor is slided on rotor and rotor
It is slided on stator, without rotor and stator contact.
Alternatively, rotor can for example by clamp, bond either welding be fixed on rotor or stator or
It can be embedded so that slip occurs over just corresponding other sides.Therefore, the jag of rotor is the prominent of rotational symmetry
Go out portion, particularly hemisphere, semioval shape body, cone, the truncated cone or aspherical body.Alternatively, the protruding portion can also be same
When be incorporated into component, such as by cutting processing, rotor becomes a part for rotor or stator whereby, wherein needing to consider
About lost material hardness.
In order to stablize cooperation, the rotor of loosening is clamped between stator and rotor, for example, the bullet for passing through axial action
Spring element or magnet or electromagnet, they ensure the combination of rotor and stator.
Although term is " ball point bearing ", between rotor and rotor or the cavity of stator and there is no point contact, but
At least three point contact (such as cavity is trihedral angle cone), and (cavity is rotational symmetry to preferably at least part of linear contact
) or even face contacts, such as can be completed by the targetedly coining of rotor in the cavities.Instead
It is that term " ball point bearing " refers to the pivotal point of bearing established by rotor (preferably sphere).
According to the present invention, based on the only a single element in relatively small structure space, ball point bearing also performs axial direction
And radially installed.Sphere is clamped between the cavity of rotatable parts (rotor) and the cavity of stationary parts (stator), wherein rotating
Component is mutually opposed with stationary parts, and the central shaft of cavity coaxially extends or intersects in sphere.It needs in any case
The spring element for being used for the contact of supersonic motor (supersonic motor driving axis, be particularly travelling wave motor) can be special
Not for clamping in advance or clamp.When using axial-flux electric machine (axial magnetic flux machine) as axial force existing for side effect
It can be used for the purpose.
If cavity is embodied as cone, then such as sphere has annular contact line in both sides.The component mutually rotates
It is slided along these contact lines on ground.Due to this contact diameter very little of sphere, because attached between cavity and the material of rotor
Friction and the moment of resistance caused by sliding friction significantly less than plain bearing.Therefore, minimum is only caused in rotation process
Resistance, even if in the case of pre- clamping force height.This leads to relatively low power loss and therefore cell runtime is longer.
According to tribology viewpoint, therefore ball point bearing represents sliding bearing.Therefore, the bearing capacity of ball point bearing is better than tool
There is the roller bearing of identical structure space.
Since moving mass is small, measuring device is designed to highly dynamic so that can also realize scanning motion institute
The high speed needed.Therefore, measuring device according to the present invention can also be embodied as Target Tracking System, laser tracker, scanning
Instrument or profiler.
It, can be with further, since the design of the simple structure and geodetic measuring device according to the present invention of ball point bearing
It is the device operation that maintenance-free operation or maintenance reduce.Ball bearing, for example, by hardened steel, ceramics or other hard materials
Material is made, these material manufacture expenses are relatively low and have high-precision in addition, are useful to ball point bearing.
Conical cavity in corresponding component selectively can be formed or can even is that internal point certainly by internal point
Body (without further process step), under any circumstance, the folder of two ends of component in turning and/or process of lapping
It holds and is needed.All parts surfaces being machined on lathe and/or grinding machine are all concentric or accurately vertical
In the axis of cavity, because the axis of processing technology is just identical with the axis.
In the case of impact, ultraprecise structure and component inside measuring device are threatened by failure.Therefore, ball point
Bearing is for example clamped in advance via magnetic force or spring force by axial, so as to protect the structure not by radial impact.In radial impact
Under situation, rotor " can at least unlock " temporarily and therefore " absorption " impacts, and wherein rotor leaves the pre- of its centering
Dead axle bearing.Therefore, rotor can resist pre- clamping force and rebound an axial distance, this is because rotor is along two cones
The side of at least one cavity of cavity rolls.But to prevent rotor from leaving cavity completely, because of the de- loose distance of rotor
It is limited radially by scotch.
The also anti-axial impact of ball point bearing.The ball material of bearing is selected as harder than the material of bearing block.Therefore,
The deformation of bearing block can occur in any case, as long as its circumferential surface is pressed into bearing block by sphere.But the spherical shape
Centering coining will not change the center of bearing block.
In another embodiment of the invention, horizontal ball point bearing is equipped with additional radial impact protective device.For
This, the other cavitys (being, for example, cone) being incorporated into as channel in the side of the first cavity are ensured in above-mentioned " de- pine " mistake
Sphere is not only by means of a circumferential point in journey, but is reclined on edge between the first and second cavities, similar to being
" in orbit ".Therefore, the load transmitted by rotor is distributed on two supporting-points.Determine for example, the protection channel is located at
In the lower part of the cavity of son and/or in the top of the cavity of rotor.One channel or multiple channels or each cavity
The other configurations of multiple channels of different directions are also according to the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Measuring device according to the present invention will be hereinafter according to the exemplary embodiment being schematically shown in the drawings
It is described in more detail or illustrates separately as example.In specific attached drawing：
Fig. 1 shows the schematic description of measuring device；
Fig. 2 a show the front view of measuring device, include the cross-sectional detail of ball point bearing according to the present invention, wherein bowing
The side for facing upward component is mounted in V-arrangement bearing；
Fig. 2 b show the front view of measuring device, and the section of the ball point bearing according to the present invention including pitch components is thin
Section；
Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 b show two basic example embodiments of the ball point bearing of measuring device according to the present invention
Schematic description；
Fig. 4 a to Fig. 4 f show the signal of six example embodiments of the ball point bearing of measuring device according to the present invention
Property description；
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 c show the schematic of three example embodiments of the pre- clamping of ball point bearing according to the present invention
Description；
Fig. 5 d show another replacement example that the dynamic bearing by axial magnetic flux machine compresses；
Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 c show the schematic description of the radial and axial surge guard mechanism provided by ball point bearing；
Fig. 7 a to Fig. 7 b show the front view and cross sectional side view of the additional cavities in the lower part of fixed bearing block；
Fig. 8 a to Fig. 8 c show the front view, cross sectional side view and section of the additional cavities in the lower part of fixed bearing block
Front view, wherein rotor are in normal engagement；
Fig. 9 a to Fig. 9 c show the front view, cross sectional side view and section of the additional cavities in the lower part of fixed bearing block
Front view, wherein rotor are in " de- pine " state；
Figure 10 a to Figure 10 c show the front views of the additional cavities in the lower part of fixed bearing block, cross sectional side view and cut open
Front elevation views, wherein rotor are in " de- pine " state；And
Figure 11 a to Figure 11 c show the front views of the additional cavities in the lower part of fixed bearing block, cross sectional side view and cut open
Front elevation views, wherein rotor are in " de- pine " state.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows measuring device 1, which has base portion 2, deflection component 3 and pitch components 4, wherein partially
The pivot center of rotation member is vertical axis 5, and the pivot center of pitch components is tilt axis 6.
Fig. 2 a show the side view of measuring device 1, from the bearing block of pitch components 4 and deflection component 3 at block
(breakout).At these positions, the parts of bearings is shown in the form of section.
The pitch components 4 for maintaining optical system 18 have tilt axis 6, which passes through axis according to the present invention
22 bearing is realized.One end of axis 22 has flange 13, and flange 13 has the conical cavity 11 of rotational symmetry in middle
(round taper hole).Another conical cavity 10 is located in side cover 8, and side cover 8 is a part for deflection component 3 as main body 7.
Instead of side cover 8, the independent supporting structure of the outer housing independently of measuring device inside deflection component 3 equally can be also realized,
For accommodating cavity 10.
As shown, cavity 10 and 11 can have screw hole hole (Tap-hole borehole) in this case,
Because it is needed in terms of production technology.The rotor 9 of spherical form is located in a manner of besieged in cavity 10 and 11.By
In cavity 10 and 11 and sphere 9 relative to 6 rotational symmetry of tilt axis, therefore the clamping of sphere 9 has Self-centering Action.Ball
Body 9 is contacted in the case where being engaged with two cavitys 10 and 11 with looped linear.In the illustrated example, in advance clamp and by
On the one hand this realizes that magnet 12 attracts flange 13 and is encased in side cover 8 to the clamping of sphere 9 by magnet 12.It is another
Flange 13 is pressed against by aspect, spring element 15 via sleeve 14 to sphere 9.In this case, the bearing of spring element 15 is expert at
On wave motor 16,16 drive shaft of travelling wave motor, and stick in the main body 7 of deflection component 3.
The travelling wave motor 16 is rigidly connected to flange 13, and therefore drive shaft 22 via spring element 15 and sleeve 14.
Traveling wave is generated by the ultrasonic exciting of elastic metallic ring toothed caused by piezoelectric ceramics clamping ring, whereby with compression
Power, which combines, generates rotation driving torque.Gearless (gearless), save space and relatively simple are realized using travelling wave motor
Driving, wherein, it is added in combination with ball point bearing due to the pre- clamping that can be used for two purposes and generates mutual promoting action.
In order to protect precise part, elastic (i.e. non-installation) sealing element 17 seals axis 22 at axial outlet, makes the axis
Exempt to be affected by the external environment.
The floating mount of the opposite side of axis 22 realizes that V-arrangement bearing 19 is mounted on main body 7 via traditional V-arrangement bearing 19
In.Angle measurement system (being made of encoder 20 and coding disk 21) also is located at the end of the axis.
Based on the principle of the present invention, in fig. 2 a, deflection component 3 is also installed in a manner of it can be rotated around vertical axis 5
On the base part 2.In this case, sphere 24 is clamped up and down by two conical cavities 25,26, and wherein sphere is made by oneself
The heart, and and then deflection component 3 and base portion 2 also feel relieved.In this embodiment also using magnet 27, to provide in addition to the gravitational force
Another pre- clamping force, magnet 27 makes deflection component 3 and base portion 2 be kept relative to each other.Another pre- clamping can also run
It operates.
As shown in Figure 2 b, another ball point bearing is provided instead of the floating mount in 19 for the inversion operation, this is logical
The realization of cavity 41,42 is crossed, is clamped with sphere 43 between cavity 41,42, the wherein clamping is performed by elastic plate 45, and elastic plate 45 is right
Block 44 is supported and is anchored on holder 46.In this case, therefore spring element is arranged on " outside ", here its
Ensure required length expansion compensation and required pre- clamping.Block 44 includes cavity 42, and elastic plate 45 and holder 46
It is considered as to belong to deflection component 3.
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b show that side cover 8 (stator), the flange 13 (rotor) of axis 22 and rotor 9, rotor 9 are showing
It is sphere in the example gone out.
Cavity 10 and 11 in Fig. 3 a is rotational symmetry and mutual coaxial round taper hole, and sphere has in both sides whereby
Looped linear contact in cavity, and these contact rings are mutually parallel so that and the clamped sphere leads to rotor and stator
It is coaxially disposed.
Fig. 3 b show following situation, i.e., (axis is passed through by sphere and corresponding sky the central axis 28 and 29 of sphere 9
The orthogonal extension of each plane that contact point or contact ring between chamber are crossed over) there is no alignment, but intersect in ball centre.
It is more preferable in main load direction (vertical device) that this so that stator bearing is designed as.Central axis 29 corresponds to the tilt axis of rotor
6。
Fig. 4 a to Fig. 4 f show the embodiment of cavity or rotor.
Fig. 4 a show the cavity 10 as cylindrical hole, which has the marking of local uniform due to the press-in of sphere 9
30.Being embodied as the cavity 11 of round taper hole also has the marking 31 of sphere.Due to the marking 30,31, sphere 9 and cavity are no longer only
Linear contact, but with cavity plane, ring shaped contact, this improves the bearing capacity of bearing.Cavity 10 and cavity 11 shared one
A axis of symmetry (tilt axis 6).
Fig. 4 b show another example of the central axis 28 and 29 of intersection, wherein, central axis 29 corresponds to sloping shaft
Line 6.For the mutual out-of-alignment of these axis the fact is that by caused by asymmetrical round taper hole 10, round taper hole 10 is negative
Blame the inclination bearing of sphere 9.Inclination bearing can offset the radial direction overload for example acted on from top on flange 13.Sphere exists
Portions 32 that there is bonding in flange 13, soldering or welding, and therefore fixed.Therefore it is only sent out in cavity 10
Raw rotation is slided.
Fig. 4 c show the hemisphere 9 as rotor, such as are incorporated into side cover 8 by cutting to manufacture or forge
In.Therefore, only rotate slip in cavity 11, and cavity 11 is implemented as the countersunk of the form of frustum.
Fig. 4 d show the ovoid 9 as rotor, and the more blunt one end of the ovoid is incorporated into round taper hole 10, and
And its sharper one end is incorporated into cylindrical hole 11.The ovoid is self-centering in two cavitys and all has with two cavitys
Ring-like contact.
As another embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 4 e show the bicone being incorporated in two cylindrical holes 10 and 11,
It is held therein in a manner of self-centering and stablize by clamping in advance accordingly.Rotor 9 can also have and cavity 10 and 11
At least three dotted and/or linear support contacts, if they are not rotational symmetry, but for example with polygonal profile
(for example, hexagon pod).
Fig. 4 f show the last embodiment of cavity 10 and 11 and rotor 9.Conical shaped depression 10 is as in side cover 8
Cavity be shown and oval dome 11 is shown as the cavity in rotor flange 13.Sphere 9 has what is referred at two
Self-centering engagement in cavity.Clamping for sphere 9 can be caused by appropriate narrow of dome 11, and sphere 9 can be only recessed whereby
It falls into 10 and rotationally slides.
For Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b and 4a to Fig. 4 f, cavity 10 and rotor in side cover 8 and flange 13 or stator
In cavity 11, can alternatively be confirmed as surrounding in other ways per a pair, because corresponding inverted structure is also
Feasible.If desired, the embodiment of the cavity shown in the drawings can also arbitrarily be combined with each other, particularly with
The embodiment of rotary body 9 is combined.
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 c show the partial schematic diagram of possible embodiment clamped in advance for ball point bearing.
Fig. 5 a show the pre- clamping by magnetic force.For this purpose, for example the magnet 12 that can also be embodied as electromagnet is incorporated into
In side cover 8.Magnet can also be correspondingly situated in the flange 13 positioned opposite of axis 22.Magnet 12 is for example built as at least portion
Divide annularly, and surround cavity 10 or 11.Magnet attract opposed element material such as, if the opposite element
It is not ferromagnetic, then attracts the ferromagnetic parts for being hereby incorporated into and in corresponding opposite element and being connected thereto.
Fig. 5 b schematically show Axial Spring Members 33, which is used for the ball between cavity 10 and 11
The clamping of body 9, and being made of axial roller bearing and helical spring, the helical spring be embedded between two washers and
It is distributed in circumferential direction.The Axial Spring Members 33 are supported in the main body 7 of such as deflection component (not shown), and therefore cause
Pre- clamping force.For the rotation of axis 22, the axial roller bearing of Axial Spring Members 33 can roll on flange 13.
Fig. 5 c show by means of spring element (i.e. spring corrugated pipe 35, ball point bearing needed for travelling wave motor 34 it is pre-
It clamps.The lower pressure that the Piezoelectric Traveling Wave motor 34 itself needs are applied by spring corrugated pipe 35, to carry out movement conversion.Therefore,
Not only motor 34 is pressed against on flange 13, and flange 13 is also pressed against on side cover 8 (due to the bearing in main body 7) via sphere 9.
Fig. 5 d show another replacement example that the dynamic bearing by axial magnetic flux machine 40 compresses.In this case,
The movement generating element (copper coil on magnet and stator on rotor) is repelled each other, and therefore make with magnetic means between each other
A kind of side effect for motive force generates pre- clamp.
The pre- clamping possibility shown in example is purely by way of in Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 d can also be transformed into vertical ball point bearing,
It is transformed on the rotor 24 being clamped between cavity 25 and 26.
Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 c describe surge protection mechanism when radial and axial load occurs.
Fig. 6 a are illustrated only relative to the start reference of radial and axial offset shown in Fig. 6 b and Fig. 6 c.In Fig. 6 a
What is shown is somebody's turn to do in " normal condition ", sticks in two cavitys 10 and 11 to the centering of sphere 9, realizing the installation of axis 22 whereby makes
Axis 22 is obtained to rotate around tilt axis 6.
If radial impact force FRMore than the bearing capacity of bearing material, then the size of axial pre- clamping force Fv can be determined
To cause impact force FRLead to " the de- pine " of bearing.Prevent bearing during impact in this way to overload.Such de- loose situation exists
It is shown in Fig. 6 b.Sphere 9 leaves its stabilization installation site in cavity 10 and 11.As a result, axis 22 is subjected to around supporting mass 19
Inclination, pass through angle [alpha] at ball point bearingR, axial dipole field SRAAnd radial deflection SRRIt represents.Tilt axis 6 is according to institute
State angle [alpha]RAnd into line skew.But radial stop block 36 defines release distance, just so that sphere 9 always remains at cavity
Between 10 and 11 and do not fall off.
If generate impact F in the axial direction according to Fig. 6 cA, then sphere 9 can be caused to be pressed due to the difference of material hardness
Enter in cavity 10 or 11.Therefore even running characteristic will not be affected, this is because in this case, harder sphere 9 exists
Accurate in size image is generated in softer round taper hole 10 or 11.Resulting axial dipole field SAIt is pre- by what is still had
Clamping is compensated.
The de- loosening work shown in Fig. 6 b is shown again (in the side of stator 8) in Fig. 7 a to Figure 11 c, wherein immersing oneself in
Hole 10 is additionally configured with guide channel 37.
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 8 a, Fig. 9 a, Figure 10 a and Figure 11 a show the vertical view in 8 section of side cover, have 10 He of round taper hole
The sagging channel 37 of lower section.Fig. 8 a, Fig. 9 a, Figure 10 a and Figure 11 a also show rotor 9, and the rotor is in Fig. 8 a to figure
It is reclined completely with " normal condition " in 8c, and therefore there is the linear contact with round taper hole 10.In fig. 9 a, sphere 9 has been
It through having left its normal position, sticks on now in channel 37, and therefore there are 2 points with the side of round taper hole 10 connect
It touches.As shown in Fig. 9 a, Figure 10 a and Figure 11 a are multiple, sphere continues to run in channel 37, similar to being " in orbit ".
In Fig. 7 a, Fig. 8 a, Fig. 9 a, Figure 10 a and Figure 11 a, section 38 is additionally marked by a dotted line in each case
Note, the section are shown in Fig. 7 b, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 9 b, Figure 10 b and Figure 11 b.
Therefore, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 9 b, Figure 10 b and Figure 11 b show by Fig. 7 a, Fig. 8 a, Fig. 9 a, Figure 10 a, with
And Figure 11 a show the centre section of object.Part side cover 8, channel 37 and round taper hole 10 are visible in side view.Fig. 8 b,
In Fig. 9 b, Figure 10 b and Figure 11 b, rotor 9 is additionally shown, it is totally stationary with " normal condition " in figure 8b, and
Therefore with the linear contact with round taper hole 10.In figure 9b, sphere 9 has had been moved off its normal position, sticks on now
In channel 37, and therefore there is the two-point contact with the side of round taper hole 10.Such as Fig. 9 b, Figure 10 b and Figure 11 b are multiple shows
Go out, sphere is further run in channel 37, seems " in orbit ".
In Fig. 8 b, Fig. 9 b, Figure 10 b and Figure 11 b, section 39 additionally marks by a dotted line in each case, this is cutd open
Face is shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 11 with icon c.
Therefore, Fig. 8 c, Fig. 9 c, Figure 10 c and Figure 11 c show according to Fig. 8 b, Fig. 9 b, Figure 10 b and Figure 11 b phase
Answer the vertical section of sphere supports contact plane.Part side cover 8, channel 37 and sphere 9 are visible in a top view.Fig. 9 c, figure
10c and Figure 11 c additionally show round taper hole 10, and due to above-mentioned release movement, round taper hole 10 is currently visible
's.Fig. 8 c show " normal condition " that wherein sphere 9 is located in round taper hole 10, therefore, have linear with round taper hole 10
Contact, and round taper hole 10 is therefore completely covered.In Fig. 9 c, sphere 9 has had been moved off its normal position, is placed in now
In channel 37, and therefore there is the two-point contact with the side of round taper hole 10.As shown in Figure 10 c and Figure 11 c are multiple,
Sphere is further run in channel 37, seems " in orbit ".
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that for improve beam path various devices can with replace or
The mode of supplement be combined with each other.Ball point bearing, which can also be arranged in measuring device, to be different from these described points.
Claims (40)
1. a kind of measuring device (1), the measuring device at least have：
Optical measurement beam path,
Base portion (2), the base portion are used to position the measuring device,
Deflection component (3), which is installed on the base portion in a manner of it can be rotated around vertical axis (5), for institute
State beam path alignment of orientation and
Pitch components (4), the pitch components are mounted in the deflection component in a manner of it can be rotated around tilt axis (6), used
In the height alignment of the beam path,
It is characterized in that, equipped with the first rotor (9), which is clamped in the deflection component in a manner of self-centering
In the first cavity (10) and the pitch components axis (22) at one end the second cavity (11) between so that it is described to bow
Face upward component in the at one end by first rotor being clamped in first cavity and the second cavity with can be
The mode of radial and axial upper rotation is slidably mounted in the deflection component.
2. measuring device (1) according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the other end of the axis (22) of the pitch components by radial floating bearing (19) installing or
Person is installed by the second rotor (43), which is clamped in the deflection component in a manner of self-centering
Between the 4th cavity (41) at the other end of the axis (22) of three cavitys (42) and the pitch components.
3. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first cavity (10) and third cavity (42) in the deflection component (3) are at least one
Channel (37).
4. measuring device (1) according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the measuring device is total powerstation, tracker or scanner.
5. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first cavity has at least one of the 4th cavity (10,11,42,41) cavity widens side
Face, first rotor (9) and second rotor (43) are widened side slip along this in the case of an overload and are left
Its centered positions, and slide back into its centered positions in load reduction.
6. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first rotor (9) and the second rotor (43) are resisted against described by least three contact point
In one cavity to the 4th cavity (10,11,42,41).
7. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first cavity to the 4th cavity (10,11,42,41) is round taper hole relative to each other, wherein round
Tapered narrow portion is away from one another.
8. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first rotor (9) and the second rotor (43) are by least one magnet and/or by least
One mechanical spring is clamped.
9. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, under any circumstance for machining the deflection component and pitch components on lathe and/or grinding machine
Necessary internal point is used as first cavity to the 4th cavity (10,11,42,41).
10. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first rotor (9) and a cavity in first cavity (10) and the second cavity (11)
It is fixedly connected, and second rotor (43) is consolidated with a cavity in the third cavity (42) and the 4th cavity (41)
Fixed connection.
11. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the axis of the pitch components has flange, which can be driven by travelling wave motor (16), wherein
The pre- clamping performed to the axial direction-journal bearing formed by first rotor (9) and the second rotor (43) passes through institute
The pre- clamping element needed for travelling wave motor is stated to realize.
12. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the axis of the pitch components has flange, which can be driven by axial-flux electric machine (40),
The pre- clamping of wherein described first rotor (9) and the second rotor (43) passes through the axis as caused by the axial-flux electric machine
It is realized to magnetic force.
13. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that,
First rotor (9) and the second rotor (43) be ceramic material or hard metal material and
The material hardness of first cavity to the 4th cavity (10,11,42,41) is less than first rotor and second turn
The material hardness of kinetoplast.
14. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first rotor and the second rotor are spheres.
15. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the radial floating bearing is traditional V-arrangement bearing.
16. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first rotor (9) and second rotor (43) are at least partly with linear or plane
Mode be resisted against in first cavity to the 4th cavity (10,11,42,41).
17. measuring device (1) according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, first rotor (9) and the second rotor (43) are the components or described of the deflection component (3)
The component of the axis (22) of pitch components.
18. a kind of measuring device (1), the measuring device at least have：
Optical measurement beam path,
Base portion (2), the base portion are used to position the measuring device,
Deflection component (3), which is installed on the base portion in a manner of it can be rotated around vertical axis (5), for institute
State beam path alignment of orientation and
Pitch components (4), the pitch components are mounted in the deflection component in a manner of it can be rotated around tilt axis (6), used
In the height alignment of the beam path,
It is characterized in that, equipped with rotor, which is clamped in cavity in the base portion and described in a manner of self-centering
Between cavity in deflection component so that the deflection component is by the cavity and the deflector being clamped in the base portion
The rotor in cavity in part is slidably installed on the base portion in a manner of it can be rotated on radial and axial.
19. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
Widen it is characterized in that, at least one of cavity in cavity and the deflection component in base portion cavity has
Side, the rotor widen side slip along this in the case of an overload and leave its centered positions, and in load reduction feelings
Its centered positions is slid back under condition.
20. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is resisted against cavity and the deflector in the base portion by least three contact point
In cavity in part.
21. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the cavity in cavity and the deflection component in the base portion is round taper hole relative to each other,
Middle circular cone narrowing portion is away from one another.
22. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is clamped by least one magnet.
23. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, under any circumstance for machining the base portion on lathe and/or grinding machine and deflection component must
The internal point needed is used as the cavity in the cavity in the base portion and the deflection component.
24. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the rotor and a cavity in the cavity in the cavity and the deflection component in the base portion
It is fixedly connected.
25. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the axis of the pitch components has flange, which can be driven by travelling wave motor (16).
26. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the axis of the pitch components has flange, which can be driven by axial-flux electric machine (40).
27. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that,
The rotor be ceramic material or hard metal material and
The material that the material hardness of cavity in the base portion and the cavity in the deflection component is less than the rotor is hard
Degree.
28. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the measuring device is total powerstation, tracker or scanner.
29. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is sphere.
30. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is resisted against the cavity in the base portion in a manner of linear or plane at least partly
In the cavity in the deflection component.
31. measuring device (1) according to claim 18,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is the component of the deflection component (3) or the component of the base portion (2).
32. a kind of manufacturing method of measuring device (1) for according to any one of claims 1 to 31,
It is characterized in that, will under any circumstance for machined on lathe and/or grinding machine the base portion, pitch components and partially
Internal point necessary to rotation member is used as cavity.
33. a kind of measuring device (1), the measuring device at least have：
Optical measurement beam path,
Base portion (2), the base portion are used to place measuring device,
Deflection component (3), which is installed on the base portion in a manner of it can be rotated around vertical axis (5), for institute
State optical measurement beam path alignment of orientation and
Pitch components (4), the pitch components are mounted in the deflection component in a manner of it can be rotated around tilt axis (6), used
In the height alignment of the optical measurement beam path,
It is characterized in that, equipped with rotor, the rotor is as axis of the pitch components (4) about the deflection component (3)
It holds, is clamped in a manner of self-centering at the component for being arranged on the deflection component or one end of the axis of the pitch components (22)
In the cavity at place so that the pitch components are by the rotor being clamped in the cavity with can be radial and axial
The mode of upper rotation is slidably mounted in the deflection component, wherein the axis of the rotor and the pitch components or with
The deflection component is fixedly connected.
34. measuring device (1) according to claim 33,
It is characterized in that, the measuring device is total powerstation, tracker or scanner.
35. measuring device (1) according to claim 33,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is hemisphere or semioval shape body.
36. measuring device (1) according to claim 33,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is the component of the axis of the pitch components or the component of the deflection component.
37. a kind of measuring device (1), the measuring device at least have：
Optical measurement beam path,
Base portion (2), the base portion are used to position the measuring device,
Deflection component (3), which is installed on the base portion in a manner of it can be rotated around vertical axis (5), for institute
State optical measurement beam path alignment of orientation and
Pitch components (4), the pitch components are mounted in the deflection component in a manner of it can be rotated around tilt axis (6), used
In the height alignment of the optical measurement beam path,
It is characterized in that, equipped with rotor, the rotor as bearing of the deflection component (3) about the base portion (2), with
Self-centering mode is clamped in the cavity being set in the base portion or the deflection component, thus the deflection component by
The rotor in the cavity is clamped in slide relative to the base portion in a manner of it can rotate on radial and axial
Installation, wherein the rotor is fixedly connected with the deflection component or the base portion.
38. the measuring device (1) according to claim 37,
It is characterized in that, the measuring device is total powerstation, tracker or scanner.
39. the measuring device (1) according to claim 37,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is hemisphere or semioval shape body.
40. the measuring device (1) according to claim 37,
It is characterized in that, the rotor is the component of the deflection component or the component of the base portion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14188460.1A EP3006894B1 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2014-10-10 | Surveying device with ball point bearing |
| EP14188460.1 | 2014-10-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105509718A CN105509718A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105509718B true CN105509718B (en) | 2018-06-29 |
Family
ID=51663103
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510602548.8A Active CN105509718B (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2015-09-10 | Measuring device with ball point bearing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10126124B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3006894B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105509718B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5518277B1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-06-11 | ビッグ測量設計株式会社 | Reference point surveying method and system on structure |
| CN106705947B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2019-02-15 | 长安大学 | Based on trigone Based On The Conic Model and the united shaft connection survey method of gyroscope total station |
| JP6959068B2 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2021-11-02 | 株式会社トプコン | Preload application structure to rolling bearings and 3D surveying equipment |
| CN208350079U (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2019-01-08 | 杭州欧镭激光技术有限公司 | A kind of electronic distance meter |
| KR102207152B1 (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-01-25 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Reflection midule and camera module including the same |
| CN112212840B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-07-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Total powerstation of survey usefulness is put in urban geological survey |
| CN114440821B (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2023-12-12 | 三一智矿科技有限公司 | Ranging method and device based on monocular camera, medium and equipment |
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| DE10020978A1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-09 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | Rotary encoder for surveying instrument has two sensors whose output voltage phase is offset w.r.t. each other by fraction of pi |
| CN101014829A (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2007-08-08 | 莱卡地球系统公开股份有限公司 | Geodesic measuring instrument with a piezo drive |
| CN201653421U (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-11-24 | 矫祥田 | Liquid-suspension magnetic needle type compass |
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| CH578691A5 (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1976-08-13 | Sarmac Sa | |
| CH582346A5 (en) * | 1974-08-30 | 1976-11-30 | Kern & Co Ag | Forced centering device for geodetic instruments - is applied to the odolites, optical and electronic range finders target panels boards and reflectors |
| US4455758A (en) * | 1980-03-12 | 1984-06-26 | Tokyo Kogaku Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha | Bearing means for angle measuring instruments |
| US20050057745A1 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-03-17 | Bontje Douglas A. | Measurement methods and apparatus |
| ATE446470T1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2009-11-15 | Philippe Vogt | HOLDER FOR AN OPTICAL DEVICE |
| US8061920B2 (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2011-11-22 | Wimberley, Inc. | Pivoting ball mount having four equally spaced contact points |
| US8366290B2 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2013-02-05 | Mag Instrument, Inc. | Portable lighting device |
| US9046362B2 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2015-06-02 | Trimble Ab | Method for a measuring instrument |
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2014
- 2014-10-10 EP EP14188460.1A patent/EP3006894B1/en active Active
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2015
- 2015-09-10 CN CN201510602548.8A patent/CN105509718B/en active Active
- 2015-10-10 US US14/880,204 patent/US10126124B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10020978A1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-09 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | Rotary encoder for surveying instrument has two sensors whose output voltage phase is offset w.r.t. each other by fraction of pi |
| CN101014829A (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2007-08-08 | 莱卡地球系统公开股份有限公司 | Geodesic measuring instrument with a piezo drive |
| CN201653421U (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-11-24 | 矫祥田 | Liquid-suspension magnetic needle type compass |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3006894A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| CN105509718A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| US10126124B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| EP3006894B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
| US20160102976A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
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