CN105506625A - Preparation method of protective coating based on working surface of mould matrix - Google Patents
Preparation method of protective coating based on working surface of mould matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN105506625A CN105506625A CN201510971098.XA CN201510971098A CN105506625A CN 105506625 A CN105506625 A CN 105506625A CN 201510971098 A CN201510971098 A CN 201510971098A CN 105506625 A CN105506625 A CN 105506625A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a protective coating based on a working surface of a mould matrix. The preparation method comprises the steps that 1) first paint is sprayed on the working surface of the mould matrix to form a hard wear-resistant coating; 2) an inward sunk microstructure is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating; and 3) second paint is sprayed on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating to form a lubricant coating, thereby accomplishing the preparation of the protective coating based on the working surface of the mould matrix. With the adoption of the preparation method, the protective coating having high bonding strength, wear resistance and lubricating property can be prepared on the working surface of the mould matrix, the problem that the interface bonding strength between the traditional hard wear-resistant layer and the traditional lubricant coating is low is solved, and the life of a mould is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the protective coating based on die matrix working-surface, belong to mould guard technology field.
Background technology
Mould is in processing work process, bear larger frictional force, alternating compression power and drawing force, need process velocity faster to ensure yield rate simultaneously, and rub fast and easily cause mould concentrated wear aggravate, generation heat effect, above-mentioned complicated bad working environments is all to producing negative influence die life, cause its service life reduction, with regard to Failure Factors, relate to the structure design of the overall and component of mould, Material selec-tion and use, die assembly, use, maintenance, maintenance etc.Just thus the outer of inefficacy sayed, closely related with working conditions, comprising: stress state, load character, die temperature, surrounding medium, friction condition.Main failure mode has the forms such as overload inefficacy, wear out failure and fatigue failure, and wherein the lose efficacy of forming die of nearly 85% is wear out failure.Major cause is that in use relative movement is fast by friction, vibration or high temperature, fatigue between component or between mould and workpiece for mould, and spalling and wearing and tearing, even damages.And the frictional coefficient, andfrictional conditions, stressing conditions, lubrication state etc. of the factor of impact the wearing and tearing mainly surfaceness of mould, hardness, mould and workpiece, the major way therefore improving mould improves its surface abrasion resistance, lubrication state for being prepared by coating.
Mould protective coating forms strengthened coat by coating technology at die surface, ensureing to strengthen the surface of the cutting edge of all kinds of mold cavity, drift, die cavity under the prerequisite that die matrix performance does not decline, can repair the injured surface of mould or the surface of having worn and torn be deposited again in addition.The composition aspect of current coated material, oxide compound has chromic oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide etc., carbide has the mixture of chromium carbide, wolfram varbide, titanium carbide and they and metal, nitride has titanium nitride, silicon nitride etc., and iron-based, Ni-based, cobalt-based material or add WC, A1 in these coated materials
2o
3, Cr
2o
3, the ceramic particle such as ZnO obtains compound coating, its abrasive wear resistant weld deposit performance can be significantly improved, difference and the character of physics, chemistry and crystalline structure between friction pair can be increased or change simultaneously, thus improve its antistick polishing machine; In addition, molybdenum type coating oilness is high, has excellent resistance to adhesive wear performance; Cobalt base self-fluxing alloy, Ni/A1 and ceramic coating can improve Hot wear performance; Ni base self-fluxing alloy, self-fluxing alloy add copper powder, stainless steel, ultra-fine A1
2o
3, Cr
2o
3, WC compound coating can significantly improve the erosion-wear-resisting of part and cavitation wearing and tearing energy.
The preparation of mould protective coating can adopt gas phase deposition technology, spraying, composite brush coating technology, high energy beam technology, modification technology etc., and the most common be physical vapor deposition and spraying method, wherein gas phase deposition technology deposited coatings can carry out at a lower temperature, do not change traditional manufacturing process, but thickness of coating is general lower, only have 2-3 μm thick, poor with the bonding strength of matrix, coating contains higher unrelieved stress, carry at height, easily there is brittle cracking at a high speed and peel off, difficulty is applied to the mould protection under bad working environments, the preparation of this type coating is simultaneously limited to the preparation characteristic of vapour deposition: low deposition rate, vacuum environment and deposit diffractive not strong, to large mould, complex profile is difficult to process, particularly excessive unrelieved stress produces larger impact to the mechanical property such as coating hardness and bonding strength, if the people such as Luo Cheng are at TiB2 coating [sieve one-tenth on Cr12MoV surface, Dong Shijie, the .Cr12MoV steel electric spark on surface depositing Ti B such as Xiong Xiang
2coating characteristic research [J]. mould industry, 2009,35 (3): 63-67] and the people such as SamirK all find that there is this problem in TiALN coating in the correlative study [SamirK.Khrais, Y.J.Lin.WearmechanismsandtoolperformanceofTiAlNPVDcoated insertsduringmachiningofAiSi4140steel [J] .wear262 (2007): 64-69] of processing AISI4140 steel.Spray-on coating is then more satisfactory solution, and the deposition, the technique that are almost suitable for various material are simple, efficiency is high, thickness is thick, size and shape is unrestricted, cost is low, remarkable in economical benefits.But in high speed stamping process (250-400m/s), though adopt single coated with hard coating can effectively improve coatingsurface hardness, improve supporting capacity, but its oilness is not enough, higher frictional coefficient will cause workpiece surface temperature to raise, be adhered and the appearance of cut, as Wang Zhenjing, find in the spray-on coating correlative study that the people such as Li Wei carry out in press tool (to please refer to document [Wang Zhenjing in detail, the research [academic dissertation] that plasma spraying composite ceramic material is applied on cold stamping die, Hebei University of Technology, 2006], [Li Wei, the applied basic research [academic dissertation] of hypersonic flame spraying reparation cooling press tool, the Central China University of Science and Technology, 2009]), anchoring strength of coating and the obvious Shortcomings of frictional coefficient, be difficult to the effect reaching long-acting lubrication, and although single spraying slip coating can improve die surface lubricating status, its hardness is not enough, is easy to cracking and peels off under high carrier strip part, and by hard coat and lubricant film composite deposition, though solve hardness, carrying, lubrication problem from structure, there is the low problem of bonding strength at hard layer and lubrication interface layer, simultaneously because lubricant film, hard layer are separate, therefore result of use is poor.
At present, the research of spraying mold protective coating is still confined to the performance that coating ingredients, weave construction, thickness etc. improve coating both at home and abroad; Lubricate the combination with wearing layer by the design forming of composite structure or gradient-structure simultaneously, to a certain degree improve the lubricating and wear-resisting structure of coating, but still there is many shortcomings with not enough: 1. wear-resisting, the lubricant effect of coating need to improve further; 2. on wearing layer, direct spraying lubricant film process interface layer bonding strength is not enough, easily peels off; 3. coating produces abrasive dust reusing in process, and the coatingsurface repeated action with hard, affects the oilness of workpiece process, destroy die surface simultaneously, and accelerated wear test destroys.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the protective coating based on die matrix working-surface, the method can prepare a kind of protective coating with high bond strength, high abrasion, high lubrication at the working-surface of die matrix, not only solve conventional rigid layer and lubricate the low problem of interface layer bonding strength, and extend the life-span of mould.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of the protective coating based on die matrix working-surface, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, spray the first coating to form hard wear-resistant coating at the working-surface of die matrix;
Step 2, the microstructure caved inward on the surface of described hard wear-resistant coating;
Step 3, at surface spraying second coating of described hard wear-resistant coating to form slip coating, complete the preparation based on die matrix working-surface protective coating.
Coated designs combines with microstructure design by technical scheme provided by the invention, the interface between slip coating and hard wear-resistant layer is made to form the microstructure (micropore or very low power) that caves inward, thus when efficiently solving tradition by hard wear-resistant coating and slip coating composite deposition, interface bond strength is between the two low, the problem of wear resistance, oilness deficiency, improves result of use and the life-span of protective coating.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in step 2, described in the microstructure that caves inward comprise micropore or very low power; More preferably, the microstructure caved inward described in forms periodic array on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating; Further preferably, in periodic array, described in the microstructure that caves inward column direction of being expert at be all parallel.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, the distance between described two adjacent microstructures caved inward can regulate in actually operating, is preferably 100 μm of-1mm.
These microstructures caved inward have pinning effect to slip coating, can regulate and control the bonding state between slip coating and hard wear-resistant layer, improve bonding strength.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in periodic array, described micropore column direction of being expert at is all parallel.The shape of described micropore comprises cylindrical or square column type, but is not limited thereto.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in step 2, described in the microstructure that caves inward be less than the thickness of hard wear-resistant coating in the hard wear-resistant coating depression in the surface degree of depth.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, the length of the aperture of described micropore, the groove width of very low power and very low power is all not particularly limited, and can regulate in actual mechanical process.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, the thickness of described hard wear-resistant coating is 100-500 μm; More preferably, the thickness of described slip coating is 100-500 μm.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in step 2, adopt laser boring or scanning mode prepare the microstructure caved inward on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating; More preferably, described laser is nanosecond laser or ultrafast laser, and laser parameter can adjust according to the processing request of processing units, microstructure, wherein, the reference value of nanosecond laser parameter is power is 40W, and sweep velocity is 50mm/min, spot size is 150 microns, and frequency is 5Hz.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in step 3, when surface spraying second coating of hard coat, solid by microstructure (micropore or very low power) of the second coating is guaranteed.Due to the storage inside lubrication phase of microstructure, thus after slip coating is exhausted, still can discharge to lubricate from the inside of microstructure in the contact process of workpiece and mould and be coated with composition, reduce the frictional coefficient between workpiece and mould, keep oilness; Simultaneously because the hardness of slip coating is lower, the inside of microstructure can be collected and be stored in the abrasive dust for wearing and tearing generation in sliding process, avoids the increase of the contact surface abrasion behavior of mould and workpiece.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in step one, the raw material composition of described first coating comprises metal oxide or metallic carbide, but is not limited thereto, and the material of the ceramic-like spray-on coating in this area all can be used for the present invention; Wherein, described metal oxide comprises the combination of one or more in chromic oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide; Described metallic carbide comprise the combination of one or more in chromium carbide, wolfram varbide, titanium carbide; More preferably, the raw material composition of described first coating comprises aluminum oxide or silicon carbide.Spraying method is not particularly limited, and can be thermospray or hypersonic flame spraying.
In the above-mentioned methods, preferably, in step 3, the composition of described slip coating comprises moly-sulfide or CuNiIn, but is not limited thereto.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) compared with the coating of traditional single structure; protective coating provided by the invention is owing to having multilayered structure (containing slip coating and hard wear-resistant layer); wear resistance and the oilness of coating self are better; the available protecting to effects such as wearing and tearing between die workpiece, be adhered can be realized, extend the mold use life-span.
2) technical scheme provided by the invention has carried out microstructure processing on the surface of hard wear-resistant layer, and the existence of these microstructures improves the bonding force of slip coating on hard wear-resistant layer, thus the bonding strength of coating entirety is improved.
3) microstructure on hard wear-resistant layer surface also plays the effect of slowly-releasing and accommodation; On the one hand, the lubricant stored in microstructure can discharge further after slip coating is exhausted, and lubricates surface in contact, keeps oilness and the wear resistance of coating; On the other hand, the abrasive dust produced in friction process can be collected in these microstructures, thus can keep in touch face inclusion-free in friction process, prevents the further infringement to contact surface.
4) structure design combines with coated designs by technical scheme provided by the invention, the mode that employing hard wear-resistant coating, slip coating combine with microstructure prepares protective coating, simple to operation, practical, production can be amplified, fill up the market vacancy of domestic and international mould protective coating, there are huge military affairs and commercial applications adds value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be protective coating prepare schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 be hard wear-resistant coating prepare schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the machining sketch chart of micropore or very low power on hard wear-resistant coating; Wherein, the aperture of micropore or the groove width of very low power are a, and the distance between adjacent two micropores or very low power is b, and the degree of depth of micropore or very low power is d;
Fig. 4 is the machining sketch chart of slip coating;
Fig. 5 is the effect comparative analysis figure between protective coating provided by the invention and conventional coatings.
Embodiment
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and beneficial effect, existing following detailed description is carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, but can not be interpreted as to of the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a kind of protective coating based on die matrix working-surface, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises the following steps the preparation flow of this layer:
1) cleaning of part
Base material to be processed is placed in acetone soln, then puts into ultrasonic wave cleaning test machine and carry out ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 30min; After completing ultrasonic cleaning, to be dried up by base material with blower and be placed in spirituous solution, again carry out ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 30min, is finally dried up by base material with blower.
2) preparation of hard wear-resistant coating
Base material is put in painting workshop, the powder of appropriate SiC is filled at spray filler material mouth, low-temperature plasma spraying technology is adopted to carry out spraying (as shown in Figure 2), by regulating spraying parameter to prepare at the working-surface of base material the hard wear-resistant coating that thickness is 200 μm in spraying process.
3) preparation of hard wear-resistant coating surface micro-structure
The mode of laser boring is adopted to prepare different shapes on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating, the micropore of spacing and the degree of depth or very low power, the power density of adjustment laser processing, pulse width and scanning times, speed carries out technology controlling and process, micropore or very low power is made to line up periodic array (as shown in Figure 3) on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating, in figure, the aperture of micropore or the groove width of very low power are a, distance between adjacent two micropores or very low power is b (value of b is between 100 μm of-1mm), the degree of depth of micropore or very low power is d (value of d is less than the thickness of hard wear-resistant coating).
4) interface cleaning
Ultrasonic cleaning is carried out to the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating after processing, and by ion beam bombardment and other post processing modes, the defect produced after laser processing and pollutent is removed.
5) preparation of slip coating
Base material is put in painting workshop, changes dusty spray, by MoS
2powder puts into spray material mouth, (thickness of this slip coating is 200 μm to carry out the preparation of slip coating by the distance of adjustment spraying, the speed of spray gun, as shown in Figure 4), first micropore or very low power are filled in preparation process, prepare on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating the slip coating that thickness is 200 μm subsequently, complete the preparation of protective coating.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of protective coating based on die matrix working-surface, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises the following steps the preparation flow of this layer:
1) cleaning of part
Base material to be processed is placed in acetone soln, then puts into ultrasonic wave cleaning test machine and carry out ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 30min; After completing ultrasonic cleaning, to be dried up by base material with blower and be placed in spirituous solution, again carry out ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 30min, is finally dried up by base material with blower.
2) preparation of hard wear-resistant coating
Base material is put in painting workshop, the powder of appropriate aluminum oxide is filled at spray filler material mouth, low-temperature plasma spraying technology is adopted to spray, by regulating spraying parameter to make the working-surface of base material acquisition thickness be the hard wear-resistant coating of 200 μm in spraying process.
3) preparation of microstructure
The mode of laser boring is adopted to prepare micropore or the very low power of different shapes, spacing and the degree of depth on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating, the adjustment power density of laser processing, pulse width and scanning times, speed carry out technology controlling and process, make micropore or very low power line up periodic array on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating.
4) interface cleaning
Ultrasonic cleaning is carried out to the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating after processing, and by ion beam bombardment and other post processing modes, the defect produced after laser processing and pollutent is removed.
5) preparation of slip coating
Base material is put in painting workshop, changes dusty spray, by MoS
2powder puts into spray material mouth, the preparation of slip coating (thickness of this slip coating is 200 μm) is carried out by the distance of adjustment spraying, the speed of spray gun, first micropore or very low power are filled in preparation process, prepare on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating the slip coating that thickness is 200 μm subsequently, complete the preparation of protective coating.
Protective coating provided by the invention is carried out effect with traditional hard or slip coating compare, as shown in Figure 5, as can be seen from the figure: traditional hard coat, owing to there is no microstructure in coating, thus in use frictional coefficient is higher for coating, is easy to produce abrasive dust; Conventional lubrication coating is in use then easy in interface form layering, causes coating failure to come off; These abrasive dusts are all easy to and coatingsurface repeated action, affect the oilness in workpiece process, destroy die surface simultaneously, and accelerated wear test destroys;
Protective coating provided by the invention, there is the microstructure (micropore or very low power) caved inward in the interface that its hard wear-resistant coating is connected with slip coating, in this microstructure and hard wear-resistant coating surface all stores slip coating, therefore between slip coating and hard wear-resistant layer, effective connection is defined on the one hand, improve slip coating bonding strength, decrease the possibility that layering comes off; On the other hand after outmost slip coating is exhausted, these microstructures still can discharge slip coating composition, to reduce the frictional coefficient between workpiece and mould, keep oilness.As can be seen here, protective coating provided by the invention comparatively conventional coatings has better wear resistance and oilness, and the binding strength of coating each several part is stronger.
Claims (10)
1., based on a preparation method for the protective coating of die matrix working-surface, it comprises the following steps:
Step one, spray the first coating to form hard wear-resistant coating at the working-surface of die matrix;
Step 2, prepare the microstructure caved inward on the surface of described hard wear-resistant coating;
Step 3, at surface spraying second coating of described hard wear-resistant coating to form slip coating, complete the preparation based on die matrix working-surface protective coating.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2, described in the microstructure that caves inward comprise micropore or very low power;
Preferably, the microstructure caved inward described in forms periodic array on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating;
More preferably, in periodic array, described in the microstructure that caves inward column direction of being expert at be all parallel.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein: the distance between described two adjacent microstructures caved inward is 100 μm of-1mm.
4. method according to claim 2, wherein: in step 2, the shape of described micropore comprises cylindrical or square column type.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2, described in the microstructure that caves inward be less than the thickness of hard wear-resistant coating in the hard wear-resistant coating depression in the surface degree of depth.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of described hard wear-resistant coating is 100-500 μm;
Preferably, the thickness of described slip coating is 100-500 μm.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2, adopts the mode of laser boring or scanning to prepare the microstructure caved inward on the surface of hard wear-resistant coating.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3, when surface spraying second coating of hard coat, guarantees solid by microstructure of the second coating.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein: in step one, the raw material composition of described first coating comprises metal oxide or metallic carbide; Wherein,
Described metal oxide comprises the combination of one or more in chromic oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide;
Described metallic carbide comprise the combination of one or more in chromium carbide, wolfram varbide, titanium carbide;
Preferably, the raw material composition of described first coating comprises aluminum oxide or silicon carbide.
10. method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3, the raw material composition of described second coating comprises moly-sulfide or CuNiIn.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106086766A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high wear-resistant low-friction coefficient thermal Sperayed Ceramic Coatings |
| CN107142476A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-08 | 深圳大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110653436A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-07 | 常州工学院 | Brush plating-electric spark deposition composite strengthening processing method |
| CN110983228A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Tungsten carbide coating with surface microstructure, preparation method and application thereof, and workpiece with coating |
| CN111571435A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | double-V-shaped floating self-aligning supporting structure and machining method of middle supporting block of double-V-shaped floating self-aligning supporting structure |
| CN115323300A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Fretting damage resistance protection method for titanium alloy paired friction pair |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106086766A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high wear-resistant low-friction coefficient thermal Sperayed Ceramic Coatings |
| CN107142476A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-08 | 深圳大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN107142476B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2023-09-29 | 深圳大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110653436A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-07 | 常州工学院 | Brush plating-electric spark deposition composite strengthening processing method |
| CN110983228A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Tungsten carbide coating with surface microstructure, preparation method and application thereof, and workpiece with coating |
| CN111571435A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | double-V-shaped floating self-aligning supporting structure and machining method of middle supporting block of double-V-shaped floating self-aligning supporting structure |
| CN115323300A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Fretting damage resistance protection method for titanium alloy paired friction pair |
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| CN105506625B (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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