CN105506625A - Preparation method of protective coating based on working surface of mould matrix - Google Patents
Preparation method of protective coating based on working surface of mould matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN105506625A CN105506625A CN201510971098.XA CN201510971098A CN105506625A CN 105506625 A CN105506625 A CN 105506625A CN 201510971098 A CN201510971098 A CN 201510971098A CN 105506625 A CN105506625 A CN 105506625A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical group [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a protective coating based on a working surface of a mould matrix. The preparation method comprises the steps that 1) first paint is sprayed on the working surface of the mould matrix to form a hard wear-resistant coating; 2) an inward sunk microstructure is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating; and 3) second paint is sprayed on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating to form a lubricant coating, thereby accomplishing the preparation of the protective coating based on the working surface of the mould matrix. With the adoption of the preparation method, the protective coating having high bonding strength, wear resistance and lubricating property can be prepared on the working surface of the mould matrix, the problem that the interface bonding strength between the traditional hard wear-resistant layer and the traditional lubricant coating is low is solved, and the life of a mould is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a protective coating based on a working surface of a mold matrix, belonging to the technical field of mold protection.
Background
The mould bears great frictional force, deformation compressive force and tensile force at the processing work piece in-process, needs faster process velocity to guarantee the yield simultaneously, and quick friction leads to mould local wear aggravation easily, produces the fuel factor, and above-mentioned complicated abominable operating mode all produces negative influence to the mould life-span, causes its life-span to reduce, and with regard to the inefficacy factor, involves the structural design of mould totality and spare part, material selection and use, mould assembly, use, maintenance etc.. The external causes of failure are closely related to the operating conditions, including: stress conditions, load properties, mold temperature, ambient medium, friction conditions. The primary failure modes are overload, wear and fatigue, with about 85% of die failures being wear failures. The main reason is that the rapid relative movement between parts or between the die and the workpiece in the using process of the die is abraded and even damaged by friction, vibration or high temperature, fatigue and crack stripping. The factors influencing the abrasion mainly include the surface roughness and hardness of the die, the friction coefficient between the die and a workpiece, the friction condition, the stress condition, the lubrication condition and the like, so the main mode of improving the die is to improve the surface abrasion resistance and the lubrication condition of the die through coating preparation.
The protective coating of the die is formed on the surface of the die by a coating technology, the surfaces of a cutting edge, a punch and a die cavity of various die cavities are strengthened on the premise of ensuring that the performance of a die matrix is not reduced, and in addition, the damaged surface of the die can be repaired or the abraded surface can be redeposited. In the composition of the current coating materials, the oxide is chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and the like, the carbide is chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide and compounds of the chromium carbide, the tungsten carbide, the titanium carbide and the metals, the nitride is titanium nitride, silicon nitride and the like, and iron-based, nickel-based and cobalt-based materials are added with WC, A12O3、Cr2O3The composite coating obtained by the ceramic particles such as ZnO can obviously improve the abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant material, and can increase or change the difference and the property of physical, chemical and crystal structures among friction pairs, thereby improving the anti-adhesion abrasion performance of the abrasion-resistant material; in addition, the molybdenum coating has high lubricity and excellent adhesive wear resistance; the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy, the Ni/A1 and the ceramic coating can improve the thermal wear resistance; ni-based self-fluxing alloy, self-fluxing alloy added with copper powder, stainless steel and superfine A12O3、Cr2O3The WC composite coating can obviously improve the erosion wear resistance and the cavitation wear resistance of parts.
The preparation of the protective coating of the mould can adopt vapor deposition technology, spraying, composite brush plating technology, high-energy beam technology, modification technology and the like, and the most common is physical vapor depositionAnd the spraying mode, wherein the vapor deposition technology can deposit the coating at a lower temperature without changing the traditional manufacturing process, but the thickness of the coating is generally lower and is only 2-3 μm thick, the bonding strength with the matrix is poor, the coating contains higher residual stress, brittle cracking and peeling are easy to occur under high load and high speed, the coating is difficult to be applied to mold protection under severe working conditions, and meanwhile, the preparation of the coating is limited to the preparation characteristics of vapor deposition: low deposition rate, weak vacuum environment and diffraction property, difficult processing for large-scale moulds and complex profiles, especially great influence of excessive residual stress on the mechanical properties such as hardness and bonding strength of the coating, such as TiB2 coating on Cr12MoV surface by Roche et al [ Roche, Dongshije, Xiongxiang et al, Cr12MoV steel surface electric spark deposition TiB2Study of coating Properties [ J]Mold industry, 2009,35(3):63-67]And SamirK et al's research on processing AISI4140steel with TiALN coating [ SamirK. Khrais, Y.J.Lin. Wearmechanism and thoolperformance of TiAlN NPVDC coated inserts into steel [ J.J.].wear262(2007):64-69]This problem was found to occur. The spray coating is an ideal solution, is almost suitable for the deposition of various materials, and has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, thick thickness, unlimited size and shape, low cost and remarkable economic benefit. However, in the high-speed stamping process (250-]University of Hebei Industrial, 2006]And [ Liwei, application basic research of supersonic flame spraying repair cooling stamping die [ academic thesis]Huazhong university of science and technology, 2009]) The bonding strength and the friction coefficient of the coating are obviously insufficient, and the long-acting lubrication effect is difficult to achieve; the single sprayed lubricating coating can improve the surface lubricating state of the die, but the hardness of the single sprayed lubricating coating is insufficient, and the single sprayed lubricating coating is easy to crack and peel under the high-load condition; to form a hard coating layer and a lubricating layerThe composite deposition structurally solves the problems of hardness, load bearing and lubrication, but has the problem of low bonding strength at the interface between the hard layer and the lubricating layer, and has poor use effect because the lubricating layer and the hard layer are independent.
At present, the research on spraying mold protective coatings at home and abroad is still limited to regulating and controlling the components, the tissue structure, the thickness and the like of the coatings to improve the performance of the coatings; meanwhile, the combination of lubrication and a wear-resistant layer is formed through the design of a composite structure or a gradient structure, so that the lubrication and wear-resistant structure of the coating is improved to a certain degree, but still has many defects and shortcomings: the wear-resisting and lubricating effects of the coating are still to be further improved; secondly, the interlayer interface bonding strength is insufficient in the process of directly spraying the lubricating layer on the wear-resistant layer, so that peeling is easy to occur; the coating generates abrasive dust in the repeated use process, and the abrasive dust and the surface of the hard coating repeatedly act to influence the lubricity of the workpiece in the processing process, and simultaneously damage the surface of the die and accelerate the abrasion damage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a protective coating based on the working surface of a mold matrix, which can prepare the protective coating with high bonding strength, high wear resistance and high lubrication on the working surface of the mold matrix, not only solves the problem of low bonding strength of the interface between the traditional hard layer and the lubricating layer, but also prolongs the service life of the mold.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a protective coating based on a working surface of a mold matrix, which comprises the following steps:
step one, spraying a first coating on the working surface of a mold matrix to form a hard wear-resistant coating;
secondly, forming a microstructure which is inwards sunken on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating;
and thirdly, spraying a second coating on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating to form a lubricating coating, and finishing the preparation of the protective coating based on the working surface of the die matrix.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the coating design and the microstructure design are combined, so that an inward concave microstructure (micropore or micro groove) is formed on the interface between the lubricating coating and the hard wear-resistant layer, the problems of low interface bonding strength and insufficient wear resistance and lubricity when the hard wear-resistant layer and the lubricating coating are subjected to composite deposition in the traditional method are effectively solved, and the service effect and the service life of the protective coating are improved.
In the above method, preferably, in the second step, the inwardly recessed microstructures include micro holes or micro grooves; more preferably, the inwardly recessed microstructures form a periodic array on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating; further preferably, in the periodic array, the inwardly depressed microstructures are parallel in both row and column directions.
In the above method, preferably, the distance between the two adjacent inwardly recessed microstructures is adjustable in practical operation, preferably 100 μm to 1 mm.
The inward-sunken microstructures have a pinning effect on the lubricating coating, can regulate and control the bonding state between the lubricating coating and the hard wear-resistant layer, and improve the bonding strength.
In the above method, preferably, the microwells are parallel in both row and column directions in the periodic array. The shape of the micro-pores includes, but is not limited to, a cylindrical shape or a square column shape.
In the above method, preferably, in the second step, the depth of the inward depressed microstructure on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating is smaller than the thickness of the hard wear-resistant coating.
In the above method, preferably, the pore diameter of the micro-pore, the groove width of the micro-groove, and the length of the micro-groove are not particularly limited, and may be adjusted during the actual operation.
In the above method, preferably, the thickness of the hard wear-resistant coating is 100-; more preferably, the thickness of the lubricating coating is 100-.
In the above method, preferably, in the second step, an inwardly recessed microstructure is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating by means of laser drilling or scanning; more preferably, the laser is a nanosecond laser or an ultrafast laser, and the laser parameter can be adjusted according to the processing requirements of processing equipment and a microstructure, wherein the reference value of the nanosecond laser parameter is 40W in power, the scanning speed is 50mm/min, the spot size is 150 microns, and the frequency is 5 Hz.
In the above method, preferably, in step three, when the second coating material is sprayed on the surface of the hard coat layer, it is ensured that the second coating material fills the inside of the microstructure (micropores or microgrooves). Because the lubricating phase is stored in the microstructure, after the lubricating coating is consumed, the lubricating coating component can be released from the interior of the microstructure in the contact process of the workpiece and the die, so that the friction coefficient between the workpiece and the die is reduced, and the lubricating property is maintained; meanwhile, as the hardness of the lubricating coating is lower, the abrasive dust generated by abrasion can be collected and stored in the microstructure in the sliding process, and the increase of the abrasion behavior of the contact surface of the die and the workpiece is avoided.
In the above method, preferably, in the step one, the raw material composition of the first coating material includes metal oxide or metal carbide, but not limited thereto, the materials of ceramic type spray coating in the art can be used in the present invention; wherein, the metal oxide comprises one or a combination of more of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide; the metal carbide comprises one or a combination of more of chromium carbide, tungsten carbide and titanium carbide; more preferably, the raw material composition of the first dope includes alumina or silicon carbide. The spray method is not particularly limited, and may be thermal spray or supersonic flame spray.
In the above method, preferably, in step three, the composition of the lubricating coating includes molybdenum sulfide or CuNiIn, but is not limited thereto.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) compared with the traditional coating with a single structure, the protective coating provided by the invention has a multilayer structure (comprising a lubricating coating and a hard wear-resistant layer), so that the self wear resistance and lubricity of the coating are better, the effective protection on the effects of abrasion, adhesion and the like between the die workpieces can be realized, and the service life of the die is prolonged.
2) According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the microstructure processing is carried out on the surface of the hard wear-resistant layer, and the existence of the microstructures improves the binding force of the lubricating coating on the hard wear-resistant layer, so that the integral binding strength of the coating is improved.
3) The microstructure on the surface of the hard wear-resistant layer also plays a role in slow release and accommodation; on one hand, the lubricant stored in the microstructure can be further released after the lubricating coating is consumed, so that the contact surface is lubricated, and the lubricating property and the wear resistance of the coating are kept; on the other hand, the abrasive dust generated during the rubbing process is collected in the microstructures, so that the contact surface can be kept free of impurities during the rubbing process, and further damage to the contact surface is prevented.
4) The technical scheme provided by the invention combines the structural design with the coating design, and the protective coating is prepared by combining the hard wear-resistant coating, the lubricating coating and the microstructure, so that the method is simple and convenient to operate, high in practicability, capable of realizing large-scale production, capable of filling the market blank of the protective coating of the die at home and abroad, and has great military and commercial application added values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the preparation of a protective coating;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of a hard wear-resistant coating;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the processing of micro-holes or micro-grooves on the hard wear-resistant coating; the aperture of each micropore or the width of each micro groove is a, the distance between every two adjacent micropores or micro grooves is b, and the depth of each micropore or micro groove is d;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the processing of a lubricious coating;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating comparative analysis of the effect of the protective coating provided by the present invention and a conventional coating.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a protective coating based on a working surface of a mold substrate, wherein the preparation flow of the coating is shown in figure 1, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning of parts
Putting a base material to be processed into an acetone solution, and then putting the base material into an ultrasonic cleaning tester for ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the cleaning time is 30 min; after the ultrasonic cleaning is finished, the base material is dried by a blower and then placed in an alcohol solution, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out again for 30min, and finally the base material is dried by the blower.
2) Preparation of hard wear-resistant coating
Putting the base material in a spraying workshop, filling a proper amount of SiC powder in a spraying filling port, and spraying by adopting a low-temperature plasma spraying technology (as shown in figure 2), wherein a hard wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 200 mu m is prepared on the working surface of the base material by adjusting spraying process parameters in the spraying process.
3) Preparation of surface microstructure of hard wear-resistant coating
Micro holes or micro grooves with different shapes, intervals and depths are prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating in a laser drilling mode, the power density, the pulse width, the scanning times and the speed of laser processing are adjusted to carry out process control, so that the micro holes or the micro grooves are arranged in a periodic array on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating (as shown in figure 3), the aperture of each micro hole or the groove width of each micro groove is a, the distance between every two adjacent micro holes or micro grooves is b (the value of b is between 100 mu m and 1 mm), and the depth of each micro hole or micro groove is d (the value of d is smaller than the thickness of the hard wear-resistant coating).
4) Interface cleaning
And carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the processed hard wear-resistant coating, and removing defects and pollutants generated after laser processing by ion beam bombardment and other post-treatment modes.
5) Preparation of lubricating coatings
Placing the base material in a spraying workshop, replacing the spraying powder, and mixing MoS2The powder is put into a spraying material port, and the preparation of the lubricating coating (the thickness of the lubricating coating is 200 μm, as shown in figure 4) is carried out by adjusting the spraying distance and the speed of a spray gun, wherein in the preparation process, micropores or microgrooves are firstly filled, and then the lubricating coating with the thickness of 200 μm is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating, so that the preparation of the protective coating is completed.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a protective coating based on a working surface of a mold substrate, and a preparation flow of the coating is shown in fig. 1, and the preparation flow comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning of parts
Putting a base material to be processed into an acetone solution, and then putting the base material into an ultrasonic cleaning tester for ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the cleaning time is 30 min; after the ultrasonic cleaning is finished, the base material is dried by a blower and then placed in an alcohol solution, the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out again for 30min, and finally the base material is dried by the blower.
2) Preparation of hard wear-resistant coating
Putting the base material in a spraying workshop, filling a proper amount of alumina powder into a spraying filling port, spraying by adopting a low-temperature plasma spraying technology, and adjusting spraying process parameters in the spraying process to ensure that the working surface of the base material obtains a hard wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 200 mu m.
3) Preparation of microstructures
Micro holes or micro grooves with different shapes, intervals and depths are prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating in a laser drilling mode, and the power density, the pulse width, the scanning times and the speed of laser processing are adjusted to carry out process control, so that the micro holes or the micro grooves are arranged in a periodic array on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating.
4) Interface cleaning
And carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the processed hard wear-resistant coating, and removing defects and pollutants generated after laser processing by ion beam bombardment and other post-treatment modes.
5) Preparation of lubricating coatings
Placing the base material in a spraying workshop, replacing the spraying powder, and mixing MoS2Powder is put into a spraying material port, the preparation of a lubricating coating (the thickness of the lubricating coating is 200 mu m) is carried out by adjusting the spraying distance and the speed of a spray gun, micropores or microgrooves are filled in the preparation process, and then the lubricating coating with the thickness of 200 mu m is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating, so that the preparation of the protective coating is completed.
Comparing the effect of the protective coating provided by the present invention with conventional hard or lubricious coatings, as shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that: the traditional hard coating has no microstructure, so that the friction coefficient of the coating is higher in the use process, and abrasive dust is easy to generate; the traditional lubricating coating is easy to form delamination at an interface in the using process, so that the coating is ineffective and falls off; the abrasive dust can easily repeatedly act with the surface of the coating, so that the lubricity of a workpiece in the processing process is influenced, and meanwhile, the surface of a die is damaged, and the abrasion damage is accelerated;
according to the protective coating provided by the invention, the interface of the hard wear-resistant coating connected with the lubricating coating is provided with the inward-recessed microstructure (micropores or microgrooves), and the lubricating coating is stored in the microstructure and on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating, so that on one hand, effective connection is formed between the lubricating coating and the hard wear-resistant coating, the bonding strength of the lubricating coating is improved, and the possibility of delamination and falling is reduced; on the other hand, after the outermost lubricating coating is consumed, the microstructures can still release lubricating coating components so as to reduce the friction coefficient between the workpiece and the die and maintain the lubricating property. Therefore, compared with the traditional coating, the protective coating provided by the invention has better wear resistance and lubricity, and the bonding fastness of each part of the coating is stronger.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a protective coating based on a working surface of a mold matrix comprises the following steps:
step one, spraying a first coating on the working surface of a mold matrix to form a hard wear-resistant coating;
secondly, preparing an inwards concave microstructure on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating;
and thirdly, spraying a second coating on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating to form a lubricating coating, and finishing the preparation of the protective coating based on the working surface of the die matrix.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the inward recessed microstructures comprise micropores or microgrooves;
preferably, the inward recessed microstructures form a periodic array on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating;
more preferably, in the periodic array, the inwardly depressed microstructures are parallel in both row and column directions.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the distance between the two adjacent inwards-recessed microstructures is 100 mu m-1 mm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: in step two, the shape of the micropores comprises a cylindrical shape or a square column shape.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the depth of the inward sunken microstructures on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating is smaller than the thickness of the hard wear-resistant coating.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the hard wear-resistant coating is 100-500 mu m;
preferably, the thickness of the lubricating coating is 100-.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, an inwards concave microstructure is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant coating in a laser drilling or scanning mode.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, when the second coating is sprayed on the surface of the hard coating, ensuring that the second coating fills the interior of the microstructure.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the raw material composition of the first coating comprises metal oxide or metal carbide; wherein,
the metal oxide comprises one or a combination of more of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide;
the metal carbide comprises one or a combination of more of chromium carbide, tungsten carbide and titanium carbide;
preferably, the raw material composition of the first dope includes alumina or silicon carbide.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the raw material composition of the second coating comprises molybdenum sulfide or CuNiIn.
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| CN107142476A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-08 | 深圳大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110653436A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-07 | 常州工学院 | Brush plating-electric spark deposition composite strengthening processing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106086766A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high wear-resistant low-friction coefficient thermal Sperayed Ceramic Coatings |
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| CN107142476B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2023-09-29 | 深圳大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110653436A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-07 | 常州工学院 | Brush plating-electric spark deposition composite strengthening processing method |
| CN110983228A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Tungsten carbide coating with surface microstructure, preparation method and application thereof, and workpiece with coating |
| CN111571435A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | double-V-shaped floating self-aligning supporting structure and machining method of middle supporting block of double-V-shaped floating self-aligning supporting structure |
| CN115323300A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Fretting damage resistance protection method for titanium alloy paired friction pair |
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