CN105506539A - Carburizing and quenching process of high-hardness micro carbide on surface of carburizing part - Google Patents
Carburizing and quenching process of high-hardness micro carbide on surface of carburizing part Download PDFInfo
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- CN105506539A CN105506539A CN201510917984.4A CN201510917984A CN105506539A CN 105506539 A CN105506539 A CN 105506539A CN 201510917984 A CN201510917984 A CN 201510917984A CN 105506539 A CN105506539 A CN 105506539A
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- carburizing
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- insulation
- carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
Abstract
The invention discloses a carburizing and quenching process of a high-hardness micro carbide on a surface of a carburizing part; and the gas carburizing is performed by using a three-stage method, so that the carbon potential in a strong carburizing phase is increased, and the carburizing speed is accelerated after a heating procedure and an insulation procedure. In a dispersion procedure, the carbon potential in the dispersion phase is reduced; a carbide in a hypereutectoid layer is quickly eliminated; and then the carbon potential in the dispersion phase is increased, so that the carbon content on a metal surface of the carburizing part is increased. High-temperature tempering temperature and time are reasonably determined, so that a carburizing body on the metal surface of the carburizing part is spherized; the carbon content in austenite is reduced in a quenching phase, so that the austenite is more easily converted into quenched martensite; and the non-molten carburizing body exists in a dispersed particle carbide form, so that the metallographic structure is improved, and the surface hardness of the carburizing part is effectively increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of heat treatment technology, the carburizing quenching process method of the micro-carbide of especially a kind of carburizing part high surface hardness.
Background technology
Thermo-chemical treatment is placed in certain medium by metallic substance to heat, be incubated, cool, due to concentration difference, making metallic surface change its chemical composition, by changing the surface of material and inner metallographic structure, controlling a kind of metal heating processing technology of its performance.Metal heat treatmet is the important component part in machine industry.
Carburizing is the one of metal heating processing technology, it is the process of instigating carbon atom to be deep into steel upper layer, the workpiece of soft steel is made to have the upper layer of high carbon steel, again through quenching and low-temperaturetempering, make the upper layer of workpiece have high strength and wear resistance, and the centre portions of workpiece still keep the toughness of soft steel and moulding.Mainly comprise gear and tooth axle in carburizing part, gear and tooth axle are the basic workpiece in mechanical transmission, and its performance, life-span directly affects running condition and the quality index of complete machine.And flourish along with wind-powered electricity generation industry, to the surface hardness of carburizing part and the requirement of metallographic structure more and more higher.Carburizing is carried out in the salt bath quenching of current employing pit furnace, and hardness is lower, carbide is longer or paralympic more quality problems often to cause carburizing part to occur.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome the deficiency in prior art, there is provided a kind of and improve workpiece surface hardness, eliminate elongated carbide and abundant residues austenite, improve the carburizing quenching process method of the micro-carbide of a kind of carburizing part high surface hardness of metallographic structure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the carburizing quenching process method of the micro-carbide of a kind of carburizing part high surface hardness, comprises the steps:
1) heating process, hangs in carburizing part in cementing furnace, carburizing in-furnace temperature is elevated to 630 DEG C ~ 670 DEG C, and is incubated 1.5 ~ 2.5 hours;
2) be incubated operation, carburizing in-furnace temperature continued be warmed up to 800 DEG C ~ 820 DEG C, carbon potential in cementing furnace is adjusted to 0.35% ~ 0.45% simultaneously, and to its insulation 2 ~ 2.5 hours;
3) single hop oozes operation by force, and continued by carburizing in-furnace temperature to be warmed up to 925 DEG C ~ 935 DEG C, strong carburizing gesture is adjusted to 1.14% ~ 1.16%, and to its insulation 27 ~ 29 hours;
4) two sections of diffusing procedures, carburizing in-furnace temperature maintains 925 DEG C ~ 935 DEG C, and diffusion carbon potential is adjusted to 0.64% ~ 0.66% by the first stage, and is incubated 9.5 ~ 10.5 hours; Diffusion carbon potential is risen to 0.74% ~ 0.76% by subordinate phase, and to its insulation 5.5 ~ 6.5 hours;
5) fast cooling working procedure, after carburizing terminates, is reduced to 630 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C by carburizing in-furnace temperature, and to its insulation 3.5 ~ 4.5 hours, subsequently carburizing part is proceeded to burial pit;
6) high tempering operation, carburizing part high tempering temperature is 670 DEG C ~ 690 DEG C %, and to its insulation 4.5 ~ 5.5 hours;
7) Q-tempering operation, carries out Q-tempering at cementing furnace to carburizing part.
Preferably, cementing furnace is pit carburizing furnace.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the carburizing quenching process method of the micro-carbide of a kind of carburizing part high surface hardness provided by the invention, single hop is adopted to blend by force the three-stage process gas cementation of two section diffusion, the carbon potential of the every segment process of reasonable arrangement and time scale, elongated carbide and abundant residues austenite can be eliminated, improve metallographic structure, improve workpiece surface hardness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the enlarged view of the metallographic structure after former technique carburizing and quenching.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of the metallographic structure after the invention provides technique carburizing and quenching.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with preferred embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings now.These accompanying drawings are the schematic diagram of simplification, only basic structure of the present invention are described in a schematic way, and therefore it only shows the formation relevant with the present invention.
Increasing carburizing part adopts 18CrNiMo7-6 material, is all the alloying element easily forming carbide, when carbon content is higher, may forms strip or carbide network along crystal boundary owing to containing Cr, Mo in this material.
Former technique adopts two-stage method gas cementation, and key step is as follows: carburizing in-furnace temperature is increased to 650 DEG C and is incubated 2 hours; Then continue temperature to rise to 800 DEG C, carbon potential be adjusted to 0.4%, insulation 2 hours; Then temperature to be raised be 930 DEG C, carbon potential is adjusted to 1.08%, insulation 27 hours; Again at 930 DEG C, carbon potential is adjusted to 0.70%, insulation 18 hours, is chilled to that temperature is 620 DEG C, insulation enters burial pit in 4 hours afterwards soon; Finally carry out normal quenching tempering.The workpiece surface hardness of process like this is at 58-60HRC, and metallographic structure has more residual austenite and the uneven carbide of size, can measure specimen surface hardness as table 1, and metallographic structure then as shown in Figure 1.
Table 1
And the carburizing quenching process method of the micro-carbide of carburizing part high surface hardness provided by the invention, use pit carburizing furnace to heat-treat, comprise the steps:
1) heating process, hangs in carburizing part in pit carburizing furnace, and carburizing in-furnace temperature is elevated to 650 DEG C, and is incubated 2 hours;
2) be incubated operation, carburizing in-furnace temperature continued to be warmed up to 800 DEG C, carbon potential in cementing furnace is adjusted to 0.4% simultaneously, and to its insulation 2 hours;
3) single hop oozes operation by force, is continued to be warmed up to 930 DEG C by carburizing in-furnace temperature, and strong carburizing gesture is adjusted to 1.15%, and to its insulation 28 hours,
4) two sections of diffusing procedures, carburizing in-furnace temperature maintains 930 DEG C, and diffusion carbon potential is adjusted to 0.65% by the first stage, and is incubated 10 hours; Diffusion carbon potential is risen to 0.75% by subordinate phase, and to its insulation 6 hours;
5) fast cooling working procedure, after carburizing terminates, is reduced to 650 DEG C by carburizing in-furnace temperature, and to its insulation 4 hours, subsequently carburizing part is proceeded to burial pit;
6) high tempering operation, carburizing part high tempering temperature is 680 DEG C, and to its insulation 5 hours;
7) Q-tempering operation, carries out Q-tempering at cementing furnace to carburizing part.
Original two-stage method gas cementation is changed to three-stage process gas cementation, after heating process and insulation operation, improves the carbon potential in stage of oozing by force, accelerate carburizing speed.During to diffusing procedure, then first reduce the carbon potential of diffusion phase, eliminate the carbide in hypereutectoid layer fast, then promote the carbon potential of diffusion phase, carburizing part metallic surface carbon content is increased.When high tempering operation, preferred high tempering temperature is 680 DEG C, makes the cementite nodularization of carburizing part metallic surface, reduces the carbon content in austenite, make austenite be more prone to change quenched martensite at quench stage; Not molten cementite then exists with diffusing particle shape carbide morphology, and then improves metallographic structure, and effectively improves the surface hardness of carburizing part.The workpiece of carburizing quenching process is carried out by this technique, workpiece surface hardness is compared to the original technique of employing, specimen surface hardness as shown in table 2 and metallographic structure as shown in Figure 2 can be measured, can find that the surface hardness of carburizing part improves 1 ~ 2HRC, because the hardness value interval of the original surface hardness of carburizing part is only 2 ~ 4HRC, adopt new technology after carrying out carburizing and quenching, surface hardness is equivalent to the lifting obtaining 50%, the image small and dispersed more of carbide, effectively improves wear resistance and the fatigue resistance of workpiece.
Table 2
Above-described embodiment is only for illustrating technical conceive of the present invention and feature; its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and be implemented; can not limit the scope of the invention with this; all equivalences done according to spirit of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a carburizing quenching process method for the micro-carbide of carburizing part high surface hardness, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) heating process, hangs in carburizing part in cementing furnace, carburizing in-furnace temperature is elevated to 630 DEG C ~ 670 DEG C, and is incubated 1.5 ~ 2.5 hours;
2) be incubated operation, carburizing in-furnace temperature continued be warmed up to 800 DEG C ~ 810 DEG C, carbon potential in cementing furnace is adjusted to 0.35% ~ 0.45% simultaneously, and to its insulation 2 ~ 2.5 hours;
3) single hop oozes operation by force, and continued by carburizing in-furnace temperature to be warmed up to 925 DEG C ~ 935 DEG C, strong carburizing gesture is adjusted to 1.14% ~ 1.16%, and to its insulation 27 ~ 29 hours;
4) two sections of diffusing procedures, carburizing in-furnace temperature maintains 925 DEG C ~ 935 DEG C, and diffusion carbon potential is adjusted to 0.64% ~ 0.66% by the first stage, and is incubated 9.5 ~ 10.5 hours; Diffusion carbon potential is risen to 0.74% ~ 0.76% by subordinate phase, and to its insulation 5.5 ~ 6.5 hours;
5) fast cooling working procedure, after carburizing terminates, is reduced to 630 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C by carburizing in-furnace temperature, and to its insulation 3.5 ~ 4.5 hours, subsequently carburizing part is proceeded to burial pit;
6) high tempering operation, carburizing part high tempering temperature is 670 DEG C ~ 690 DEG C %, and to its insulation 4.5 ~ 5.5 hours;
7) Q-tempering operation, carries out Q-tempering at cementing furnace to carburizing part.
2. the carburizing quenching process method of the micro-carbide of a kind of carburizing part high surface hardness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cementing furnace is pit carburizing furnace.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106756756A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | A kind of raising carburizing part case hardness, the technique of control surface tissue dispersion degree |
| CN108285954A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-17 | 常州大学 | A method of reducing internal oxidition in wind power gear Gas Carburizing Process |
| CN109183045A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-11 | 温岭市大山热处理厂（普通合伙） | A kind of heat treatment process of vehicle spindle |
| CN109321867A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE steel vacuum low-pressure carburization technique |
| CN110484858A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 汉德车桥(株洲)齿轮有限公司 | A method of eliminating pinion steel mixed crystal |
| CN113737125A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | Vacuum carburization method for obtaining dispersed fine carbides |
| CN113913732A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 西安法士特汽车传动有限公司 | Preparation process of low-carbon alloy steel carburized part dispersion carbide |
| CN114410933A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆大学 | Carburized layer depth increasing method based on pre-shot blasting |
| CN115011882A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-09-06 | 苏州亚太精睿传动科技股份有限公司 | Efficient and energy-saving heat treatment method applied to gear |
| CN115584381A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-10 | 舟山市7412工厂 | Heat treatment method for prolonging service life of cold header die locking bolt |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106756756B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-02-22 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | A kind of technique for improving carburizing part surface hardness, controlling surface texture dispersion degree |
| CN106756756A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | A kind of raising carburizing part case hardness, the technique of control surface tissue dispersion degree |
| CN109321867A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE steel vacuum low-pressure carburization technique |
| CN108285954A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-17 | 常州大学 | A method of reducing internal oxidition in wind power gear Gas Carburizing Process |
| CN109183045B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-07-28 | 温岭市大山热处理厂（普通合伙） | Heat treatment process for automobile spindle |
| CN109183045A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-11 | 温岭市大山热处理厂（普通合伙） | A kind of heat treatment process of vehicle spindle |
| CN110484858A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 汉德车桥(株洲)齿轮有限公司 | A method of eliminating pinion steel mixed crystal |
| CN113737125A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | Vacuum carburization method for obtaining dispersed fine carbides |
| CN113737125B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2024-02-20 | 中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司 | Vacuum carburization method for obtaining dispersed fine carbide |
| CN113913732A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 西安法士特汽车传动有限公司 | Preparation process of low-carbon alloy steel carburized part dispersion carbide |
| CN113913732B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2024-02-06 | 西安法士特汽车传动有限公司 | Preparation process of low-carbon alloy steel carburized piece dispersed carbide |
| CN114410933A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆大学 | Carburized layer depth increasing method based on pre-shot blasting |
| CN114410933B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-12-09 | 重庆大学 | Carburized layer depth increasing method based on pre-shot blasting |
| CN115011882A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-09-06 | 苏州亚太精睿传动科技股份有限公司 | Efficient and energy-saving heat treatment method applied to gear |
| CN115584381A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-10 | 舟山市7412工厂 | Heat treatment method for prolonging service life of cold header die locking bolt |
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