CN105503126A - Heat-preserving, low-smoke and low-toxin geopolymer-starch foaming particle composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Heat-preserving, low-smoke and low-toxin geopolymer-starch foaming particle composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105503126A
CN105503126A CN201510989601.4A CN201510989601A CN105503126A CN 105503126 A CN105503126 A CN 105503126A CN 201510989601 A CN201510989601 A CN 201510989601A CN 105503126 A CN105503126 A CN 105503126A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
low
starch foam
insulation
water
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CN201510989601.4A
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CN105503126B (en
Inventor
韦平
莫羡忠
姚舜贞
周全
谭登峰
陈涛
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Jiangsu Shengkui Energy Saving Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Nanning Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26Silicates of the alkali metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/08Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
    • C04B16/082Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons other than polystyrene based, e.g. polyurethane foam
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

Abstract

The invention provides a heat-preserving, low-smoke and low-toxin geopolymer-starch foaming particle composite material and a preparation method thereof. The material is prepared from, by weight, 20-30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5-30 parts of water, 70-150 parts of sodium silicate, 70-150 parts of kaolin and 5-15 parts of starch foaming particles. According to the heat-preserving, low-smoke and low-toxin geopolymer-starch foaming particle composite material, kaolin, sodium silicate and the starch foaming particles are used as raw materials, and the problem that polystyrene heat-preserving materials are inflammable, large in smoke amount, high in smoke toxicity and the like is solved. Meanwhile, the starch foaming particles serve as filler, the adhesion degree of the heat-preserving heat-insulation material is improved, and the mass of the heat-preserving heat-insulation material is 1/5 that of a common heat-preserving material.

Description

A kind of insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, particularly relate to a kind of insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
According to the analysis of science and technology department of the Ministry of Construction, at the bottom of the year two thousand twenty, in 30,000,000,000 square metres of house architectural areas that the whole nation is newly-increased, newly-increased 13,000,000,000 square metres of city.If these building all realize on existing basis 50% energy-conservation, then approximately can save 1.6 hundred million tons of standard coals every year.In the existing building of more than 400 hundred million square metres, the urban architecture total area is about 13,800,000,000 square meter, and ubiquity the problem such as building enclosure heat insulation property and poor air-tightness heat-supply metering charge inefficiency, and energy-saving potential is huge.
At present, there is the energy consumption of 40% at building field, and the energy consumption having more than 60% at building field is outside the building on wall, to account for the residential housing of China's urban architecture total area about 60%, heating districts town-property area about has 4,000,000,000 square metres, the average energy consumption of Heating Season of 2000 be about 25 kilograms of mark coals/square metre, if realize on existing basis 50% energy-conservation, then approximately can save 0.5 hundred million tons of mark coals every year.As can be seen here, the proportion of skin heat preservation energy-saving shared by whole national economy is very considerable, must attract great attention.
Along with country is to the attention of Building Energy-saving, building external wall energy-saving insulation industry more and more receives publicity.External detection display, in peripheral structure, account for 50% by the thermosteresis of wall facade, and this ratio domestic is 46%, based on the vital role that external wall outer insulation has in building energy conservation, for implementing this target, various places building heat preservation work from now on will launch around exterior-wall heat insulation.Internal authority market analysis mechanism estimates that the rate of increase with annual 9% develops by the demand of the lagging material of China, within 2011, will reach 28.4 hundred million Renminbi.Visible, whole building exterior wall heat preserving industry has welcome unprecedented opportunities.
At present, for wall heat insulation material most study is organic insulation material system and inorganic heat insulation material system.But (polystyrene type) material of organic insulation at present high insulating effect, but easy initiation fire, smoke which is large, and toxicity is large; And although inorganic materials fire resistance rating is high, heat insulation effect is poor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite and preparation method thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it comprises the raw material of following weight part: 20 ~ 30 parts, sodium hydroxide, 5 ~ 30 parts, water, water glass 70 ~ 150 parts, kaolin 70 ~ 150 parts, starch foam particle 5 ~ 15 parts.
Further, comprise the raw material of following weight part: 20 ~ 30 parts, sodium hydroxide, 16 ~ 30 parts, water, water glass 70 ~ 150 parts, kaolin 70 ~ 150 parts, starch foam particle 5 ~ 15 parts.
Further, comprise the raw material of following weight part: 20 ~ 30 parts, sodium hydroxide, 5 ~ 15 parts, water, water glass 70 ~ 150 parts, kaolin 70 ~ 150 parts, starch foam particle 5 ~ 15 parts.
Further, described water is deionized water.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of a kind of insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, comprise the following steps:
1) metakaolin preparation, obtains metakaolin by kaolin at the temperature lower calcination 4 ~ 6h of 500 ~ 900 DEG C;
2) alkali swashs the configuration of liquid, is first poured into by the sodium hydroxide weighed up in the water glass weighed up, is then adding the water weighed up, and till being stirred to rapidly solution clarification, then leaves standstill more than 1h;
3) metakaolin and alkali swash mixing of liquid, first the metakaolin of 1/3 amount are poured into alkali and to swash in liquid and stirring reaction 1 ~ 2min rapidly; And then the metakaolin of 1/3 amount poured into alkali and to swash in liquid and stirring reaction 1 ~ 1.5min rapidly; Last alkali of being poured into by remaining 1/3 amount metakaolin again to swash in liquid and rapid stirring reaction 1 ~ 1.5min;
4) by after starch foam particle pour step 3 into) mixture in, and stir 1 ~ 2min;
5) casting.
Further, the modulus that described alkali swashs liquid is 1.0-3.0.
Further, described step 5) casting be specially: by step 4) mixture extruding type inject mould, then mould is placed in dry maintaining box at 70 DEG C, maintenance 4 hours.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, by using kaolin, water glass and starch foam particle as raw material, the problems such as overcome polystyrene type lagging material inflammable, the amount of being fuming is large, and toxicity of being fuming is high; Use starch foam particle as filler simultaneously, polymers solidification rear starch foam particle in ground defines airtight honeycomb structure and makes a large amount of air just be fixed in ground polymers, not only its good effect of heat insulation, and its quality is more than 1/5 of common building materials.Simultaneously by very controlled use of water volume, make its mechanical property good; By detecting, this heat preserving and insulating material normal curing 3 days anti-bending strengths are 9-15Mpa, and normal curing 7 days anti-bending strengths are 13-18Mpa.
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below, but described in claimed scope is not limited to.
Embodiment one
A kind of insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it comprises raw material: sodium hydroxide 30kg, water 30kg, water glass 150kg, kaolin 150kg, starch foam particle 15kg, and described water is deionized water.
Additionally provide the preparation method of a kind of insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite simultaneously, comprise the following steps:
1) metakaolin preparation, obtains metakaolin by kaolin at the temperature lower calcination 6h of 500 ~ 900 DEG C;
2) alkali swashs the configuration of liquid, is first poured into by the sodium hydroxide weighed up in the water glass weighed up, is then adding the water weighed up, and till being stirred to rapidly solution clarification, then leave standstill more than 1h, the modulus that alkali swashs liquid is 1.0 ~ 3.0;
3) metakaolin and alkali swash mixing of liquid, first the metakaolin of 1/3 amount are poured into alkali and to swash in liquid and stirring reaction 2min rapidly; And then the metakaolin of 1/3 amount poured into alkali and to swash in liquid and stirring reaction 1.5min rapidly; Last alkali of being poured into by remaining 1/3 amount metakaolin again to swash in liquid and rapid stirring reaction 1.5min;
4) pour starch foam particle into step 3) mixture in, and stir 1 ~ 2min;
5) casting, by step 4) mixture extruding type inject mould, then mould is placed in dry maintaining box at 70 DEG C, maintenance 4 hours.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in water consumption just can meet in dry environment in summer and make, make insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite when maintenance, the bubble wherein contained all with spilling, stress concentration can not be produced, the microtexture simultaneously also making higher territory be polymerized is accurate, ensures mechanical property.
Embodiment two
A kind of insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it comprises raw material: sodium hydroxide 20kg, water 16kg, water glass 70kg, kaolin 70kg, starch foam particle 5kg.
Its preparation method is with embodiment one
Above-mentioned steps 2) in water consumption just can meet in the environment of humidity in summer/drying in winter and make, make insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite when maintenance, the bubble wherein contained all with spilling, stress concentration can not be produced, the microtexture simultaneously also making higher territory be polymerized is accurate, ensures mechanical property.
Embodiment three
A kind of insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it comprises raw material: sodium hydroxide 20kg, water 5kg, water glass 70kg, kaolin 70kg, starch foam particle 5kg.
Its preparation method is with embodiment one
Above-mentioned steps 2) in water consumption just can meet in the environment of humidity in winter and make, make insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite when maintenance, the bubble wherein contained all with spilling, stress concentration can not be produced, the microtexture simultaneously also making higher territory be polymerized is accurate, ensures mechanical property.
In order to prove beneficial effect of the present invention, the present invention also provides following experimental example:
Embodiment one
Heat-insulating property detects
Select unscreened two greatly 10 square meters, without only the room 1,2 of window as subjects, the test period positive summer, fine day, noon:
Test group 1: to the insulation described in surface mounting one deck embodiment one in only room 1, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, in order to warranty test effect, at the outside surface of only room door, this lagging material of one deck is also installed, thermometer is put into room and closes door.
Control group 2: do not process only room 2, puts into room by thermometer and closes door.
Detect external temperature, and the temperature in only room 1 and only room 2, table 1 specific as follows:
Table 1: monitoring temperature situation (unit: DEG C)
External temperature Only room 1 room temp Only room 2 room temp
35 31.5 37.5
Select unscreened two greatly 10 square meters, without only the room 3,4 of window as subjects, test period winter, fine day, noon:
Test group 3: to the insulation described in surface mounting one deck embodiment three in only room 3, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, in order to warranty test effect, at the outside surface of only room door, this lagging material of one deck is also installed, thermometer is put into room and closes door.
Control group 4: do not process only room 4, puts into room by thermometer and closes door.
Detect external temperature, and the temperature in only room 1 and only room 2, table 2 specific as follows:
Table 2: monitoring temperature situation (unit: DEG C)
External temperature Only room 3 room temp Only room 4 room temp
11 16.5 13.5
Can be drawn by above-mentioned test, insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite have good thermal and insulating performance.
Embodiment two
Weight detecting
Test group 1 ~ 3: the insulation of embodiment one ~ tri-, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite are made into the sheet material of 50cm × 50cm × 1cm, detect its weight.
Control group: adopt mixed earth to be made into the sheet material of 50cm × 50cm × 1cm, detect its weight.
Its structure is as following table 3:
Table 3 (unit: kg)
Test group 1 Test group 2 Test group 3 Control group
Weight 1.8 1.7 2.1 12.5
Can be drawn by above-mentioned test, insulation provided by the invention, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite weight are more than 1/5 of common building materials.
Experimental example three
Mechanics properties testing: by the heat preserving and insulating material of embodiment one ~ embodiment three in normal curing 3 days and the normal curing mechanical property of 7 days, by detecting, normal curing 3 days anti-bending strengths are respectively 9.5Mpa, 12.3Mpa, 13.9Mpa, and normal curing 7 days anti-bending strengths are respectively 14.1Mpa, 16.4Mpa, 17.8Mpa.

Claims (7)

1. an insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it is characterized in that, it comprises the raw material of following weight part: 20 ~ 30 parts, sodium hydroxide, 5 ~ 30 parts, water, water glass 70 ~ 150 parts, kaolin 70 ~ 150 parts, starch foam particle 5 ~ 15 parts.
2. insulation as claimed in claim 1, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it is characterized in that: the raw material comprising following weight part: 20 ~ 30 parts, sodium hydroxide, 16 ~ 30 parts, water, water glass 70 ~ 150 parts, kaolin 70 ~ 150 parts, starch foam particle 5 ~ 15 parts.
3. insulation as claimed in claim 1, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it is characterized in that: the raw material comprising following weight part: 20 ~ 30 parts, sodium hydroxide, 5 ~ 15 parts, water, water glass 70 ~ 150 parts, kaolin 70 ~ 150 parts, starch foam particle 5 ~ 15 parts.
4. the preparation method of insulation as claimed in claim 1, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, is characterized in that: described water is deionized water.
5. the preparation method of an insulation as claimed in claim 1, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, it is characterized in that water consumption just makes insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite when maintenance, the bubble wherein contained all overflows, stress concentration can not be produced, the microtexture simultaneously also making higher territory be polymerized is accurate, ensures mechanical property.
6. the insulation as described in Claims 1 to 4, low cigarette, the low toxicity ground preparation method of polymers-starch foam particulate composite, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) metakaolin preparation, obtains metakaolin by kaolin at the temperature lower calcination 4 ~ 6h of 500 ~ 900 DEG C;
2) alkali swashs the configuration of liquid, is first poured into by the sodium hydroxide weighed up in the water glass weighed up, is then adding the water weighed up, and till being stirred to rapidly solution clarification, then leaves standstill more than 1h;
3) metakaolin and alkali swash mixing of liquid, first the metakaolin of 1/3 amount are poured into alkali and to swash in liquid and stirring reaction 1 ~ 2min rapidly; And then the metakaolin of 1/3 amount poured into alkali and to swash in liquid and stirring reaction 1 ~ 1.5min rapidly; Last alkali of being poured into by remaining 1/3 amount metakaolin again to swash in liquid and rapid stirring reaction 1 ~ 1.5min;
4) pour starch foam particle into step 3) mixture in, and stir 1 ~ 2min;
5) casting.
7. the preparation method of insulation as claimed in claim 6, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers-starch foam particulate composite, is characterized in that: the modulus that described alkali swashs liquid is 1.0 ~ 3.0.
CN201510989601.4A 2015-12-25 2015-12-25 A kind of insulation, low cigarette, low toxicity ground polymers starch foam particulate composite and preparation method thereof Active CN105503126B (en)

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CN106747621A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-05-31 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 A kind of preparation method of waterproof, non-ignitable flyash/metakaolin base warming plate
CN106747622A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-05-31 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 The preparation method of a kind of ground polymers fire-retardant heat insulation plate
CN106986583A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-07-28 熊文彬 A kind of hollow floor core obturator and preparation method thereof
CN107586090A (en) * 2017-10-12 2018-01-16 广东格仑帝环保材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of micro-nano cavity material
CN115521096A (en) * 2022-09-26 2022-12-27 湖南诚友绿色建材科技有限公司 Heat-insulation aerogel composite material, preparation method and passive house

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106747621A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-05-31 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 A kind of preparation method of waterproof, non-ignitable flyash/metakaolin base warming plate
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CN106986583A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-07-28 熊文彬 A kind of hollow floor core obturator and preparation method thereof
CN107586090A (en) * 2017-10-12 2018-01-16 广东格仑帝环保材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of micro-nano cavity material
CN107586090B (en) * 2017-10-12 2020-06-30 广东格仑帝环保材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of micro-nano cavity material
CN115521096A (en) * 2022-09-26 2022-12-27 湖南诚友绿色建材科技有限公司 Heat-insulation aerogel composite material, preparation method and passive house
CN115521096B (en) * 2022-09-26 2023-12-19 湖南诚友绿色建材科技有限公司 Thermal insulation aerogel composite material, preparation method and passive house

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Address before: 530200 No.8, Longting Road, Yongning District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Patentee before: NANNING University