CN104844142A - Novel expanded perlite heat insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Novel expanded perlite heat insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104844142A
CN104844142A CN201510198543.3A CN201510198543A CN104844142A CN 104844142 A CN104844142 A CN 104844142A CN 201510198543 A CN201510198543 A CN 201510198543A CN 104844142 A CN104844142 A CN 104844142A
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expanded perlite
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insulation board
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CN104844142B (en
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廖立兵
苗小明
梅乐夫
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Abstract

The invention relates to a novel expanded perlite heat insulation board and a preparation method thereof. The heat insulation board is mainly prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 25-35 parts of expanded perlite, 40-45 parts of water glass, 15-20 parts of a natural mineral additive, and 10-15 parts of distilled water. By employing grain size distribution, pressing molding, sintering, later stage waterproof treatment and other processes, the expanded perlite heat insulation board with good heat insulation performance, excellent mechanical properties, high fireproof grade, high water resistance and high durability can be obtained, and can meet the use demands of building exterior wall heat insulation systems.

Description

一种新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板及其制备方法A new type of expanded perlite insulation board and its preparation method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及建筑外墙保温材料技术领域,具体地,本发明涉及一种新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of thermal insulation materials for building exterior walls. Specifically, the invention relates to a novel expanded perlite thermal insulation board and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

我国建筑能耗约占全社会总能耗的1/3,而建筑能耗中采暖和制冷占了绝大部分,这主要是由于外墙体热量交流过大造成的。现在主要的解决办法是外墙外侧悬挂保温隔热系统,其中主要包括有机和无机保温材料。my country's building energy consumption accounts for about 1/3 of the total energy consumption of the whole society, and heating and cooling account for the vast majority of building energy consumption, which is mainly due to the excessive heat exchange of external walls. Now the main solution is to hang the thermal insulation system on the outside of the external wall, which mainly includes organic and inorganic thermal insulation materials.

目前,我国建筑外墙保温系统主要为有机保温材料,包括聚氨酯泡沫塑料、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料等。有机保温材料保温性能优越,但是防火性差,导致火灾频发。因此当前无机保温材料是研究热点。膨胀珍珠岩内部具有蜂窝状结构,且具有密度小、导热系数小、耐高温等特性,因而被广泛应用于外墙保温材料。目前市场上的膨胀珍珠岩保温板多采用养护工艺制成,普遍存在导热系数较高、抗压强度小、吸水率大、耐久性差等缺陷,这些问题都亟待解决。At present, my country's building exterior wall insulation system is mainly organic insulation materials, including polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam and so on. Organic thermal insulation materials have superior thermal insulation performance, but poor fire resistance, resulting in frequent fires. Therefore, inorganic thermal insulation materials are currently a research hotspot. Expanded perlite has a honeycomb structure inside, and has the characteristics of low density, low thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, so it is widely used in external wall insulation materials. At present, the expanded perlite insulation boards on the market are mostly made of curing technology, and generally have defects such as high thermal conductivity, low compressive strength, high water absorption, and poor durability. These problems need to be solved urgently.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明目是提供一种保温性能好、力学性能优异、高防水、耐久的膨胀珍珠岩保温板及其制备方法。The object of the present invention is to provide an expanded perlite insulation board with good thermal insulation performance, excellent mechanical performance, high waterproof and durability and a preparation method thereof.

本发明的目的通过以下方式达到:The purpose of the present invention is achieved in the following ways:

一种新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板,由以下重量配比的原料制成:膨胀珍珠岩25~35份,水玻璃40~45份,天然矿物添加剂15~20份,蒸馏水10~15份。A novel expanded perlite insulation board is made of the following raw materials in the weight ratio: 25-35 parts of expanded perlite, 40-45 parts of water glass, 15-20 parts of natural mineral additives, and 10-15 parts of distilled water.

所述的膨胀珍珠岩容重为60~80kg/m3,导热系数≤0.05(w/m·k),分为四种粒级:未分级、<0.5mm、0.5~1.25mm、1.25mm~2.5mm。The expanded perlite has a bulk density of 60-80kg/m3, a thermal conductivity of ≤0.05 (w/m·k), and is divided into four grades: ungraded, <0.5mm, 0.5-1.25mm, 1.25mm-2.5mm .

所述的水玻璃模数为1.2,波美浓度35.2°Bé。Described water glass modulus is 1.2, Baume concentration 35.2 ° Be.

所述的天然矿物添加剂为沸石、凝灰岩、硅藻土的混合物,其配比为沸石30~40份、凝灰岩30~40份、硅藻土25~35份。The natural mineral additive is a mixture of zeolite, tuff and diatomite, and its proportion is 30-40 parts of zeolite, 30-40 parts of tuff and 25-35 parts of diatomite.

包括以下步骤:Include the following steps:

1)将15~20份天然矿物添加剂,40~45份水玻璃,10~15份蒸馏水混合搅拌均匀;1) Mix 15-20 parts of natural mineral additives, 40-45 parts of water glass, and 10-15 parts of distilled water and stir evenly;

2)向步骤1)所得混合物中加入25~35份具有一定粒级配比的膨胀珍珠岩,并混合搅拌均匀;2) Add 25 to 35 parts of expanded perlite with a certain size ratio to the mixture obtained in step 1), and mix and stir evenly;

3)将步骤2)所得混合料注入模具中并理平,用压机压制,压缩比=1.8~2.2,并保压30s,制得板材;3) inject the mixture obtained in step 2) into the mold and straighten it, press it with a press, the compression ratio = 1.8-2.2, and hold the pressure for 30s to obtain a plate;

4)将压制的板材置于60~80℃的恒温烘箱中干燥12小时;4) Drying the pressed plate in a constant temperature oven at 60-80°C for 12 hours;

5)将干燥好的板材置于马弗炉中,于600℃下烧结0~4小时;5) Place the dried plate in a muffle furnace and sinter at 600°C for 0-4 hours;

6)将烧结好的板材浸入防水剂中5~15分钟,将浸泡后的板材置于60℃的恒温烘箱中烘干,冷却后包装入库。6) Soak the sintered board in the waterproofing agent for 5 to 15 minutes, dry the soaked board in a constant temperature oven at 60°C, and pack it into the warehouse after cooling.

所述的膨胀珍珠岩的粒级配比为以下三种方式:未级配;双级配,0.5~1.25mm膨胀珍珠岩∶1.25mm~2.5mm膨胀珍珠岩=25∶75~40∶60;三级配,<0.5mm膨胀珍珠岩∶0.5~1.25mm膨胀珍珠岩∶1.25mm~2.5mm膨胀珍珠岩=0∶25∶75~20∶20∶60。The particle size ratio of the expanded perlite is in the following three ways: ungraded; double-graded, 0.5-1.25mm expanded perlite: 1.25mm-2.5mm expanded perlite=25:75-40:60; Three grades, <0.5mm expanded perlite: 0.5~1.25mm expanded perlite: 1.25mm~2.5mm expanded perlite=0:25:75~20:20:60.

所述的防水剂为有机硅水溶液,其浓度为有机硅/水=1/70~1/30。The waterproofing agent is an aqueous solution of organic silicon, and its concentration is organic silicon/water=1/70˜1/30.

本发明主要通过压缩比来控制板材密度;通过膨胀珍珠岩粒级配比来调节板材导热系数和抗压强度;通过碱激发天然矿物添加剂来提供粘结强度;通过高温烧结来提高板材的抗压强度和耐久性;通过有机硅防水剂处理来降低板材的吸水率。The invention mainly controls the density of the board through the compression ratio; adjusts the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of the board through the gradation ratio of expanded perlite; provides the bonding strength through the excitation of natural mineral additives by alkali; and improves the compression resistance of the board through high-temperature sintering Strength and durability; the board is treated with a silicone water repellent to reduce water absorption.

本发明优化了膨胀珍珠岩保温板的配方及压制、干燥、烧结等工艺,制得的膨胀珍珠岩保温板具有以下优点:保温性能好、力学性能佳、防火等级高、高防水、高耐久。能够满足建筑外墙保温系统的使用需求。The present invention optimizes the formula of the expanded perlite insulation board and processes such as pressing, drying, and sintering, and the prepared expanded perlite insulation board has the following advantages: good thermal insulation performance, good mechanical properties, high fireproof rating, high waterproof, and high durability. It can meet the needs of building exterior wall insulation system.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

参考以下具体实施例进一步详细描述本发明,但是本发明的保护范围不限于以下具体实施例。The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.

实施例1:Example 1:

将5.8份凝灰岩、5.8份沸石、4.7份硅藻土、42.5份水玻璃、15份水混合均匀,然后加入26.2份未分级的膨胀珍珠岩充分搅拌均匀,装入模具中压制成型,压缩比为2,保压30s。将成型后的板材在60℃的恒温干燥箱中干燥12小时,然后将干燥后的板材置于马弗炉中,于600℃下烧结0.5小时。接着把烧结好的板材浸入有机硅/水=1/60的有机硅溶液中10分钟,最后将浸后的板材在60℃的恒温干燥箱中烘干。Mix 5.8 parts of tuff, 5.8 parts of zeolite, 4.7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 42.5 parts of water glass, and 15 parts of water, then add 26.2 parts of ungraded expanded perlite and mix them well, put them into a mold and press them into shape, and the compression ratio is 2. Hold the pressure for 30s. The formed plate was dried in a constant temperature drying oven at 60° C. for 12 hours, and then the dried plate was placed in a muffle furnace and sintered at 600° C. for 0.5 hour. Then immerse the sintered plate in the organosilicon solution of organosilicon/water=1/60 for 10 minutes, and finally dry the soaked plate in a constant temperature drying oven at 60°C.

该样品的各项性能指标如下:密度=249kg/m3,抗压强度=0.46MPa,导热系数=0.079W/(m·℃),体积吸水率=4.96%,不燃。The performance indexes of this sample are as follows: density=249kg/m 3 , compressive strength=0.46MPa, thermal conductivity=0.079W/(m·℃), volumetric water absorption=4.96%, non-combustible.

实施例2:Example 2:

将5.8份凝灰岩、5.8份沸石、4.7份硅藻土、42.5份水玻璃、15份水混合均匀,然后加入26.2份粒级配比为0.5~1.25mm膨胀珍珠岩∶1.25mm~2.5mm膨胀珍珠岩=25∶75的膨胀珍珠岩充分搅拌均匀,装入模具中压制成型,压缩比为2,保压30s。将成型后的板材在60℃的恒温干燥箱中干燥12小时,然后将干燥后的板材置于马弗炉中,于600℃下烧结0.5小时。接着把烧结好的板材浸入有机硅/水=1/60的有机硅溶液中10分钟,最后将浸后的板材在在60℃的恒温干燥箱中烘干。Mix 5.8 parts of tuff, 5.8 parts of zeolite, 4.7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 42.5 parts of water glass, and 15 parts of water, and then add 26.2 parts of expanded perlite with a particle size ratio of 0.5 to 1.25mm: 1.25mm to 2.5mm expanded pearl Rock=expanded perlite of 25:75 is fully stirred evenly, put into a mold and pressed into shape, the compression ratio is 2, and the pressure is kept for 30s. The formed plate was dried in a constant temperature drying oven at 60° C. for 12 hours, and then the dried plate was placed in a muffle furnace and sintered at 600° C. for 0.5 hour. Then immerse the sintered plate in the organosilicon solution of organosilicon/water=1/60 for 10 minutes, and finally dry the impregnated plate in a constant temperature drying oven at 60°C.

该样品的各项性能指标如下:密度=236kg/m3,抗压强度=0.61MPa,导热系数=0.068W/(m·℃),体积吸水率=4.28%,不燃。The performance indexes of this sample are as follows: density=236kg/m 3 , compressive strength=0.61MPa, thermal conductivity=0.068W/(m·℃), volumetric water absorption=4.28%, non-combustible.

实施例3:Example 3:

将5.8份凝灰岩、5.8份沸石、4.7份硅藻土、42.5份水玻璃、15份水混合均匀,然后加入26.2份粒级配比为<0.5mm膨胀珍珠岩∶0.5~1.25mm膨胀珍珠岩∶1.25mm~2.5mm膨胀珍珠岩=10∶22.5∶67.5的膨胀珍珠岩充分搅拌均匀,装入模具中压制成型,压缩比为2,保压30s。将成型后的板材在60℃的恒温干燥箱中干燥12小时,然后将干燥后的板材置于马弗炉中,于600℃下烧结0.5小时。接着把烧结好的板材浸入有机硅/水=1/60的有机硅溶液中10分钟,最后将浸后的板材在在60℃的恒温干燥箱中烘干。Mix 5.8 parts of tuff, 5.8 parts of zeolite, 4.7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 42.5 parts of water glass, and 15 parts of water, and then add 26.2 parts of expanded perlite with a particle size ratio of <0.5mm: 0.5-1.25mm expanded perlite: 1.25mm ~ 2.5mm expanded perlite = 10:22.5:67.5 expanded perlite is fully stirred evenly, put into a mold and pressed into shape, the compression ratio is 2, and the pressure is kept for 30s. The formed plate was dried in a constant temperature drying oven at 60° C. for 12 hours, and then the dried plate was placed in a muffle furnace and sintered at 600° C. for 0.5 hour. Then immerse the sintered plate in the organosilicon solution of organosilicon/water=1/60 for 10 minutes, and finally dry the impregnated plate in a constant temperature drying oven at 60°C.

该样品的各项性能指标如下:密度=256kg/m3,抗压强度=0.66MPa,导热系数=0.079W/(m·℃),体积吸水率=4.66%,不燃。The performance indexes of this sample are as follows: density=256kg/m 3 , compressive strength=0.66MPa, thermal conductivity=0.079W/(m·℃), volumetric water absorption=4.66%, non-combustible.

Claims (7)

1.一种新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,由以下重量配比的原料制成:膨胀珍珠岩25~35份,水玻璃40~45份,天然矿物添加剂15~20份,蒸馏水10~15份。1. A novel expanded perlite insulation board is characterized in that it is made of the following raw materials in weight ratio: 25 to 35 parts of expanded perlite, 40 to 45 parts of water glass, 15 to 20 parts of natural mineral additives, and 10 parts of distilled water ~15 servings. 2.根据权利要求1所述的新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,所述的膨胀珍珠岩容重为60~80kg/m3,导热系数≤0.05(w/m·k),分为四种粒级:未分级,<0.5mm,0.5~1.25mm,1.25mm~2.5mm。2. The new expanded perlite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded perlite has a bulk density of 60-80kg/m 3 and a thermal conductivity of ≤0.05 (w/m·k), divided into four types: Grain grade: ungraded, <0.5mm, 0.5~1.25mm, 1.25mm~2.5mm. 3.根据权利要求1所述的新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,所述的水玻璃模数为1.2,波美浓度35.2°Bé。3. novel expanded perlite insulation board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water glass modulus is 1.2, Baume concentration 35.2 ° B é. 4.根据权利要求1所述的新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,所述的天然矿物添加剂为沸石、凝灰岩、硅藻土的混合物,其配比为沸石30~40份、凝灰岩30~40份、硅藻土25~35份。4. The new expanded perlite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, the natural mineral additive is a mixture of zeolite, tuff, and diatomite, and its proportioning is 30 to 40 parts of zeolite and 30 to 30 parts of tuff. 40 parts, 25 to 35 parts of diatomaceous earth. 5.根据权利要求1所述的新型膨胀珍珠岩保温板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:5. the preparation method of novel expanded perlite insulation board according to claim 1, comprises the following steps: 1)将15~20份天然矿物添加剂,40~45份水玻璃,10~15份蒸馏水混合搅拌均匀;1) Mix 15-20 parts of natural mineral additives, 40-45 parts of water glass, and 10-15 parts of distilled water and stir evenly; 2)向步骤1)所得混合物中加入25~35份具有一定粒级配比的膨胀珍珠岩,并混合搅拌均匀;2) Add 25 to 35 parts of expanded perlite with a certain size ratio to the mixture obtained in step 1), and mix and stir evenly; 3)将步骤2)所得混合料注入模具中并理平,用压机压制,压缩比=1.8~2.2,并保压30s,制得板材;3) inject the mixture obtained in step 2) into the mold and straighten it, press it with a press, the compression ratio = 1.8-2.2, and hold the pressure for 30s to obtain a plate; 4)将压制的板材置于60~80℃的恒温烘箱中干燥12小时;4) Drying the pressed plate in a constant temperature oven at 60-80°C for 12 hours; 5)将干燥好的板材置于马弗炉中,于600℃下烧结0~4小时;5) Place the dried plate in a muffle furnace and sinter at 600°C for 0-4 hours; 6)将烧结好的板材浸入防水剂中5~15分钟,将浸泡后的板材置于60℃的恒温烘箱中烘干,冷却后包装入库。6) Soak the sintered board in the waterproofing agent for 5 to 15 minutes, dry the soaked board in a constant temperature oven at 60°C, and pack it into the warehouse after cooling. 6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的膨胀珍珠岩的粒级配比为以下三种方式:未级配;双级配,0.5~1.25mm膨胀珍珠岩:1.25mm~2.5mm膨胀珍珠岩=25∶75~40∶60;三级配,<0.5mm膨胀珍珠岩:0.5~1.25mm膨胀珍珠岩:1.25mm~2.5mm膨胀珍珠岩=0∶25∶75~20∶20∶60。6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the particle size ratio of the expanded perlite is the following three ways: ungraded; double-graded, 0.5-1.25mm expanded perlite: 1.25mm ~2.5mm expanded perlite=25:75~40:60; three grades, <0.5mm expanded perlite: 0.5~1.25mm expanded perlite: 1.25mm~2.5mm expanded perlite=0:25:75~20 :20:60. 7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的防水剂为有机硅的水溶液,其浓度为有机硅/水=1/70~1/30。7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the waterproofing agent is an aqueous solution of organosilicon, and its concentration is organosilicon/water=1/70˜1/30.
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CN107892546A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-04-10 李珠 Sintering grow pearlite heat-insulation plate and preparation method thereof
CN108585924A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-28 中国地质大学(北京) A kind of heat insulating inorganic plate and preparation method thereof prepared by crushed crude pearlite foaming at normal temp
CN108640644A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-10-12 咸阳陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 A kind of preparation process of built-in steel wire thermal insulation board
CN111960795A (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-11-20 中国地质大学(北京) A kind of inorganic foamed cementitious material composition and its application in preparing porous thermal insulation material

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CN107892546A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-04-10 李珠 Sintering grow pearlite heat-insulation plate and preparation method thereof
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CN108640644B (en) * 2018-06-11 2021-03-23 咸阳陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 Preparation process of heat insulation board with built-in steel wire mesh
CN111960795A (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-11-20 中国地质大学(北京) A kind of inorganic foamed cementitious material composition and its application in preparing porous thermal insulation material

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