CN105499502A - Wax mould precision casting method for improving sealability of joint sealing device - Google Patents
Wax mould precision casting method for improving sealability of joint sealing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105499502A CN105499502A CN201510985568.8A CN201510985568A CN105499502A CN 105499502 A CN105499502 A CN 105499502A CN 201510985568 A CN201510985568 A CN 201510985568A CN 105499502 A CN105499502 A CN 105499502A
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- wax
- pattern
- mortar
- sealing device
- sand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
Abstract
The invention discloses a wax mould precision casting method for improving the sealability of a joint sealing device. The wax mould precision casting method comprises the steps of manufacturing a steel mould, melting wax, forming a wax mould, carrying out sand bonding, dewaxing, preparing an alloy solution, pouring a solution, and carrying out shell mould breaking, wherein in the step of carrying out the sand bonding, sand grains in different grain sizes are mixed to form mortars having different viscosities, the minimum particle size of the sand grain reaches 5 micrometers, and the corresponding viscosity is 20mpa.s; and during sand bonding, the sand grains having the minimum particle sizes are bonded to form the mortar having the lowest viscosity, then the sand grains in the particle sizes of 40 micrometers and the sand grains in the particle sizes of 300 micrometers are bonded respectively to form the mortar having greater viscosity and the mortar having the greatest viscosity. Through reasonable fitting of the particle sizes, the viscosities and immerging sequences of the sand grains of the mortars, multiple layers of shell moulds having certain thicknesses and different particle sizes and viscosities are formed on the surface of the wax mould, the shell moulds have very high strength and hardness, as well as very high compactness, smoothness and fineness, and are combined tightly, and the air permeability is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to paraffin melted module precise casting technology field, particularly relate to a kind of wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device.
Background technology
Joint sealing device many employings paraffin precision-investment casting method when making of revolving-type air preheater of boiler obtains, due to the special construction of this joint sealing device, the clearance requirement at its sealing position is very little, thus it is minimum to reach air leakage phenomena, sealing effectiveness is best, and this just proposes higher requirement to the fineness of casting method.
The casting method generally used in prior art, normally from Mold Making, wax-pattern processed, shell mould processed, roasting, casting metal and obtain foundry goods, for the foundry goods that some structures are more complicated, such as joint sealing device, its wall thickness thin degree differs, intensity, the fineness of the layer of sand shell in common casting method can not reach its technological requirement, and the quality of obtained foundry goods is also difficult to be protected.
Application number is mention in the foundry goods precision casting process of 201510223047.9 that one establishes multilayer surface layer at wax-pattern exterior view, to improve the intensity of surface layer, but the granularity of its zirconium powder adopted is 120 orders, the granularity of Malaysia powder is for being less than 30 ~ 60 orders, granularity is all larger, smoothness, the fineness of the surface layer of formation like this are all poor, and compactness, the smoothness of foundry goods are also poor.
Summary of the invention
Be necessary to propose a kind ofly to form on wax-pattern surface that one deck is more smooth, meticulousr, the wax-pattern microcast process of the sealing property of the raising joint sealing device of the better layer of sand shell of gas permeability.
Improve a wax-pattern microcast process for the sealing property of joint sealing device, comprise the following steps:
Make punching block: according to geomery and the performance of foundry goods, design the punching block of nearly shape size;
Dewaxing: be positioned over by paraffin in heating container, heat fused obtains atoleine, uses agitating device to stir in fusion process, after fusing, insulation leaves standstill;
Shaping wax-pattern: pumped into by atoleine in described punching block, obtains nearly product size wax-pattern by mechanical compaction;
Scab: nearly product size wax-pattern immerses mortar successively, described mortar is the mortar that the viscosity that mixed by sand grains, polyvinyl alcohol, water is different, different according to the granularity of sand grains in mortar, nearly product size wax-pattern first immerses the minimum slurry of granularity, immerse the slurry that granularity is less again, finally immerse in the maximum slurry of granularity, then after super-dry, obtain leaching mortar wax-pattern, described drying carries out in constant temperature and humidity condition;
Dewaxing: leaching mortar wax-pattern is placed in Muffle furnace the heating that heats up, removing wax-pattern, forms layer of sand shell;
Prepare alloy molten solution: alloy steel ingot and batching are placed in melting in smelting furnace, obtain liquation;
Liquation is poured into a mould: be poured into by liquation in layer of sand shell, obtain foundry goods;
Shell is broken: after foundry goods cooling, broken layer of sand shell, obtains product, then carries out Shot Blasting to product surface, obtains the foundry goods billet that surface cleaning is smooth.
The present invention is by rational technological design, varigrained sand grains is used to be mixed to get the different mortar of viscosity, the granularity of sand grains is minimum reaches 5um, corresponding viscosity is 20mpa.s, during scab, first bonding grit size is minimum, the mortar that viscosity is minimum, then bonding 40um is distinguished, the viscosity that 300um is mixed into is larger, the mortar that viscosity is maximum, by the grit size of mortar, viscosity, the reasonable coordination of immersion order, certain thickness and several layers of granularity are formed on wax-pattern surface, the shell that viscosity is different, this shell not only intensity, hardness is very high, its compactness, smoothness, fineness is all very high, combine closely between shell, good permeability.
Detailed description of the invention
Below technical scheme of the present invention and implementation result are described further.
Improve the wax-pattern microcast process of the sealing property of joint sealing device, comprise the following steps:
Make punching block: according to geomery and the performance of foundry goods, design the punching block of nearly shape size, wherein, punching block material is T10 tool steel, and the surface rockwell hardness of punching block is not less than 50, surface roughness≤R1.6.
Dewaxing: be positioned over by paraffin in heating container, heat fused obtains atoleine, uses agitating device to stir in fusion process, after fusing, insulation leaves standstill.
Shaping wax-pattern: pumped into by atoleine in punching block, obtains nearly product size wax-pattern, during operation by mechanical compaction, atoleine is pumped in punching block die cavity by automatic gauge, pump speed is 5 ~ 10m3/ minute, then adopt press to carry out semi automatic machine compacting, then the demoulding obtains wax-pattern.Wherein, mechanical compaction speed is 6 ~ 10 ms/min, preferably 8 ms/min, and rate of release is 20 ~ 30 ms/min, preferably 25 ms/min.
Scab: nearly product size wax-pattern immerses mortar successively, mortar is the mortar that the viscosity that mixed by sand grains, polyvinyl alcohol, water is different, different according to the granularity of sand grains in mortar, nearly product size wax-pattern first immerses the minimum slurry of granularity, then immerses the less slurry of granularity, finally immerses in the maximum slurry of granularity, immersing pass is three times, after super-dry, form layer of sand shell on wax-pattern surface, obtain leaching mortar wax-pattern, drying carries out in constant temperature and humidity condition.
Dewaxing: heat up in Muffle furnace leaching mortar wax-pattern being placed in 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C heating, and removing wax-pattern, forms layer of sand shell, be designed with melted paraffin gathering-device in Muffle furnace.
Prepare alloy molten solution: alloy steel ingot and batching are placed in melting in smelting furnace, obtain liquation.
Liquation is poured into a mould: be poured into by liquation in layer of sand shell, obtain foundry goods.
Shell is broken: after foundry goods cooling, broken layer of sand shell, obtains product, then carries out Shot Blasting to product surface, obtains the foundry goods billet that surface cleaning is smooth.
Further, in scab step, mix respectively according to the granularity difference of sand grains during mortar mixing, the granularity of sand grains is 300um, 40um, 5um tri-kinds, after the sand grains of three kinds of granularities is mixed according to the ratio that weight ratio is 1:0.2:5,1:0.2:8,1:0.2:10 respectively with polyvinyl alcohol, water respectively, in order to mix, use agitator to stir during married operation, obtaining three kinds of mortars that viscosity is respectively 200mpa.s, 100mpa.s, 20mpa.s.
When immersing mortar, first immersing minimum particle size is in the mortar that is mixed into of the sand grains of 5um, the viscosity of the mortar that the minimum sand grains of this granularity is mixed into is 20mpa.s, after scab, one deck can be formed fine and smooth on wax-pattern surface, fine and close, smooth shell, the 40um that bonding granularity is larger respectively more afterwards, the mortar that 300um is mixed into, so, successively according to fine size, in, thick order, viscosity is minimum, larger, maximum order carries out scab, certain thickness and several layers of granularity are formed on wax-pattern surface, the shell that viscosity is different, shell is fine and close, smooth, meticulous, combine closely between shell, shell good permeability.
According to general knowledge, the particle diameter of the granularity that 120 orders are corresponding is 120um, order number is less, corresponding granularity is larger, so, in prior art figure set first time surface layer zirconium powder as 120 orders, the zirconium powder that the surface layer which floor figure follow-up establishes uses, the order number of Malaysia sweet smell is less, and the granularity of the sand grains of mortar in the present invention is very little, reach 5um, its viscosity is 20mpa.s, during scab, it is minimum that first pass immerses this granularity, in the mortar that viscosity is minimum, the inner wall smooth of the layer of sand shell formed, fine and smooth, fine and close, so, the surface of the foundry goods formed is more smooth, meticulous, the structure of foundry goods is finer and close, precision is higher, performance is better.
Wherein, drying after scab carries out under constant temperature and humidity condition, temperature 14 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, humidity remains on 30% ~ 50%, drying time is 12h ~ 48h, wherein, first pass and the drying time after immersing mortar for second time are 12h ~ 24h, and the drying time of immersing after mortar for the 3rd time is 24h ~ 48h.Last needs to parch completely after immersing mortar, so drying time is the longest, and thoroughly do not parch between first pass and second time, bonding between mortar shell when being more conducive to the immersion of follow-up pass, finally form certain thickness on wax-pattern surface and multi-layer granularity, viscosity different, the layer of sand of fine and close flawless defect.Wherein, temperature time dry is preferably 18 DEG C, and humidity is preferably 40%.
Further, in dewaxing step, the mixing speed in melted paraffin wax process is 10 ~ 30 revs/min, preferably 20 revs/min.
Wherein, after dewaxing step, carry out insulation to the paraffin of fusing and leave standstill, the temperature of insulation is 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C, and time of repose is 20 minutes ~ 40 minutes.During operation, at 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C slow melted paraffins, maximum batch is 100 kilograms, the temperature that insulation leaves standstill is preferably 300 DEG C, time is preferably 30 minutes, uses agitating device to carry out stirring and being furnished with fume extractor in fusion process, makes solution fully degassed and pre-homogenising.Fusion process arranges overtemperature protection system, with prevent temperature too high or sharply temperature rise cause liquid wax splash overflow.
Further, in the step preparing alloy molten solution, when alloy steel ingot and batching are put into the crucible melting of smelting furnace, first batching is paved with crucible bottom, then alloy steel ingot is placed on above batching, then cover batching at the surrounding of alloy steel ingot, top.In crucible during melting, the position that alloy pig and batching are placed in crucible is extremely important, should first by batching fusing, alloy steel ingot is corroded gradually again by batching liquation, the uniformity of the stability that alloy steel ingot melts and composition can be ensured like this, make the mobility of alloy melting, the degree of superheat and liquation keep best, avoid the generation of splash phenomena completely, smelting temperature is 1350 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C, and optimum temperature is 1400 DEG C.
Wherein, adopt intermediate frequency furnace melting in fusion process, and preparation uses magnetic stirring apparatus to stir liquation, mixing speed is 10 ~ 20 revs/min.Magnetic stirring apparatus is used to stir liquation, not only can make alloying component evenly, and be conducive to the gas in liquid to be got rid of fast and slag making, make liquation fully degassed and pre-uniform alloy, better solve inside ingot pore and be mingled with phenomenon, assisting magnetic stirring can improve smelting efficiency, economize energy simultaneously.The mixing speed of agitating device to liquation is preferably 15 revs/min.
Further, liquation cast step in, adopt semi-automatic stove push up outward pouring type cast, poring rate be 80 kilograms ~ 120 kg/minute.Poring rate is preferably 100 kg/minute, before cast, first leaves standstill liquation, naturally cools to room temperature after cast.
Further, in shell destruction step, adopt mechanical shock and draw and expect that the mode combined carries out fragmentation.Use custom-designed mechanical vibrator device to carry out broken layer of sand shell, obtain biscuit product, adopt special machine to draw material mode simultaneously and process totally more than biscuit product surface sand.During operation, the foundry goods of cooled band shell is positioned in a custom-designed bobbing machine, carries out swing crushing, under the rear automatic separated sieve of shell fragmentation, obtain cast product.Then Shot Blasting is carried out to cast product surface, obtain the billet surface of clean, smooth.
Further, the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device also comprises nondestructive inspection detecting step, and nondestructive inspection detecting step is internal flaw to the foundry goods billet obtained after shell fragmentation, size detects.This step uses ultrasonic detection method to carry out interiors of products defects detection.
Utilize method of the present invention to cast the foundry goods of the joint sealing device obtained, its tensile strength is 320MPa ~ 400MPa, and case hardness is HRC48 ~ 62, and dimensional accuracy or dimensional tolerance are ± 0.02mm.
Claims (10)
1. improve a wax-pattern microcast process for the sealing property of joint sealing device, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Make punching block: according to geomery and the performance of foundry goods, design the punching block of nearly shape size;
Dewaxing: be positioned over by paraffin in heating container, heat fused obtains atoleine, uses agitating device to stir in fusion process, after fusing, insulation leaves standstill;
Shaping wax-pattern: pumped into by atoleine in described punching block, obtains nearly product size wax-pattern by mechanical compaction;
Scab: nearly product size wax-pattern immerses mortar successively, described mortar is the mortar that the viscosity that mixed by sand grains, polyvinyl alcohol, water is different, different according to the granularity of sand grains in mortar, nearly product size wax-pattern first immerses the minimum slurry of granularity, immerse the slurry that granularity is less again, finally immerse in the maximum slurry of granularity, then after super-dry, obtain leaching mortar wax-pattern, described drying carries out in constant temperature and humidity condition;
Dewaxing: leaching mortar wax-pattern is placed in Muffle furnace the heating that heats up, removing wax-pattern, forms layer of sand shell;
Prepare alloy molten solution: alloy steel ingot and batching are placed in melting in smelting furnace, obtain liquation;
Liquation is poured into a mould: be poured into by liquation in layer of sand shell, obtain foundry goods;
Shell mould is broken: after foundry goods cooling, broken layer of sand shell, obtains product, then carries out Shot Blasting to product surface, obtains the foundry goods billet that surface cleaning is smooth.
2. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in scab step, mix respectively according to the granularity difference of sand grains during described mortar mixing, the granularity of described sand grains is 300um, 40um, 5um tri-kinds, after being mixed respectively according to the ratio that weight ratio is 1:0.2:5,1:0.2:8,1:0.2:10 with polyvinyl alcohol, water respectively by the sand grains of described three kinds of granularities, obtain three kinds of mortars that viscosity is respectively 200mpa.s, 100mpa.s, 20mpa.s.
3. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the temperature of described constant temperature and humidity condition 14 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, humidity remains on 30% ~ 50%, drying time is 12h ~ 48h, wherein, first pass and the drying time after immersing mortar for second time are 12h ~ 24h, and the drying time of immersing after mortar for the 3rd time is 24h ~ 48h.
4. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described dewaxing step, the mixing speed in melted paraffin wax process is 10 ~ 30 revs/min.
5. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: after described dewaxing step, carry out insulation to the paraffin of fusing to leave standstill, the temperature of insulation is 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C, and time of repose is 20 minutes ~ 40 minutes.
6. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: prepare in the step of alloy molten solution described, when alloy steel ingot and batching are put into the crucible melting of smelting furnace, first batching is paved with crucible bottom, then alloy steel ingot is placed on above batching, then covers batching at the surrounding of alloy steel ingot, top.
7. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described fusion process, adopt intermediate frequency furnace melting, and preparation uses magnetic stirring apparatus to stir liquation, and mixing speed is 10 ~ 20 revs/min.
8. the as claimed in claim 2 wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device, is characterized in that: in described liquation cast step, adopt semi-automatic stove to push up pouring type cast outward, poring rate be 80 kilograms ~ 120 kg/minute.
9. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in described shell destruction step, adopts mechanical shock and draw to expect that the mode combined carries out fragmentation.
10. the wax-pattern microcast process improving the sealing property of joint sealing device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the wax-pattern microcast process of the sealing property of described raising joint sealing device also comprises nondestructive inspection detecting step, described nondestructive inspection detecting step is internal flaw to the described foundry goods billet obtained after shell mould fragmentation, size detects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510985568.8A CN105499502A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Wax mould precision casting method for improving sealability of joint sealing device |
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| CN201510985568.8A CN105499502A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Wax mould precision casting method for improving sealability of joint sealing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111264982A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-12 | 上海晓泉珠宝有限公司 | Method for manufacturing cross coin |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN1321554A (en) * | 2000-04-29 | 2001-11-14 | 陈晴祺 | Shell cast-forming method of golf wood club head |
| US20040238154A1 (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2004-12-02 | Woodworker's Supply, Inc. | Stainless steel forstner bit |
| CN1593813A (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Investment casting ceramic mould shell containing filter of golf head and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101862811A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2010-10-20 | 徐州胜海机械制造科技有限公司 | Rapid investment casting method of complex thin-wall component |
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