CN105492806A - 刷密封装置 - Google Patents

刷密封装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105492806A
CN105492806A CN201480046546.9A CN201480046546A CN105492806A CN 105492806 A CN105492806 A CN 105492806A CN 201480046546 A CN201480046546 A CN 201480046546A CN 105492806 A CN105492806 A CN 105492806A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brush
seal arrangement
rotor
sealing
sealing surface
Prior art date
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Pending
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CN201480046546.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
安德烈亚斯·霍夫曼
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of CN105492806A publication Critical patent/CN105492806A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3284—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
    • F16J15/3288—Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/025—Seal clearance control; Floating assembly; Adaptation means to differential thermal dilatations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings
    • F16J15/4472—Labyrinth packings with axial path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals
    • F05D2240/56—Brush seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种刷密封装置，用于密封转子(2)和定子(3)之间的间隙(1)。刷密封件(9)包括刷壳体(4)和固定在刷壳体(4)中的多个刷毛(5)。刷毛(5)的自由端部抵靠转子(2)上的密封面(6)支撑。在转子(2)上沿轴向方向在密封面(6)之前和之后设有径向环绕的减荷槽(7)，使得在密封面(6)的区域中构成肋(8)，所述肋尤其在刷壳体在密封面上扫过时能够局部地变形，由此能够使转子的弯曲的危险进而出现危险的螺旋振荡最小化。此外，本发明涉及具有这种刷密封装置的蒸汽轮机。

Description

刷密封装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据独立权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于密封转子和定子之间的间隙的刷密封装置。此外，本发明涉及一种根据独立权利要求3所述的旋转机械、尤其蒸汽轮机。
背景技术
刷密封件具有的目的是：将转子和定子之间的间隙密封，进而将通过转子和定子之间的间隙引起的工艺流体的泄漏保持得尽可能小。刷密封件对此具有刷壳体和固定在刷壳体中的多个刷毛。刷毛从刷壳体中伸出并且以其自由端部抵靠转子上的密封面支撑。根据刷密封件的实施方式，刷毛密封件的刷毛永久地抵靠转子上的密封面支撑，或者在运行中仅在转子径向运动时造成刷密封件的自由端部局部地贴靠在转子的密封面上。刷密封件尤其在平衡活塞中和在蒸汽轮机的叶片组路径中应用。
在设计刷密封件时需要注意的是：在转子定子接触时排除螺旋振荡的危险进而能够对于全部运行状态确保稳定的运行。当由于转子在定子上扫过(或者在刷壳体上扫过时)造成转子弯曲时，引起危险的螺旋振荡。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种刷密封件，所述刷密封件排除或至少显著地降低螺旋振荡的危险。此外，本发明的目的是提供具有这种刷密封件的蒸汽轮机。
本发明在刷密封装置方面通过独立权利要求1的特征实现，并且在旋转机械方面通过独立权利要求3的特征来实现。
本发明的能够单独或彼此组合使用的实施例是从属权利要求的主题。
根据本发明的、用于密封转子和定子之间的间隙的刷密封装置包括：至少一个刷密封件，所述刷密封件具有刷壳体和固定在刷壳体中的多个刷毛，其中刷毛的自由端部能够抵靠转子上的密封面支撑，其特征在于，在转子上沿轴向方向在密封面之前和之后设有径向环绕的减荷槽，使得在密封面的区域中构成肋(Steg)，所述肋尤其在刷壳体在密封面上扫过时能够局部地变形。通过肋的局部变形，尽可能避免转子弯曲，由此能够尽可能地避免危险的螺旋振荡。由此，显著地提高转子定子单元的运行安全性。减荷槽的另一正面效果是减荷槽之内的蒸汽的冷却作用。由于刷密封件在密封面上扫过，因此局部地引起肋的区域中的极其高的温度。
为了克服高的压差，优选轴向依次设置有多个刷密封件。
根据本发明的旋转机械，尤其蒸汽轮机的特征在于，旋转机械包括根据上述权利要求所述的刷密封装置。由于使用根据本发明的刷密封装置，被避免或至少强烈地降低转子弯曲的危险进而危险的螺旋振荡的形成。由此，显著地提高在旋转机械中、例如在蒸汽轮机、燃气轮机和压缩机中使用刷密封件时的安全性。
附图说明
下面，根据图1阐述本发明的一个实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明的刷密封装置。刷密封装置包括三个径向依次设置的刷密封件9，所述刷密封件设置到定子3中。定子3例如为蒸汽轮机的壳体。每个刷密封件9包括刷壳体4，在所述刷壳体中设置有固定在刷壳体4中的多个刷毛5。刷毛5的从刷壳体4中伸出的自由端部抵靠转子2上的密封面6支撑。由此，密封转子2和蒸汽轮机壳体3之间的间隙1。刷密封件9在此能够构成为，使得刷毛5永久地在转子2上的密封面6上支撑或其仅在转子2径向偏转时引起刷毛5在密封面6上扫过。根据本发明，转子2构成为，使得在每个密封面6之前和之后设有径向环绕的减荷槽7，使得在密封面6的区域中构成肋8，在对肋8上加荷时所述肋能够变形。肋8的局部变形在图1中示出。由于转子2的径向大幅度的偏转引起刷密封件9在密封面6上扫过，由此形成局部极其高的温度。由此，肋8局部地且主要弹性地变形。通过在肋8的区域中的弹性变形，有效地防止转子2弯曲。转子2的弯曲促进危险的螺旋振荡的形成。
因此，根据本发明的刷密封装置用于蒸汽轮机的明显更安全的运行。刷密封件尤其能够用于蒸汽轮机中的轴区域。根据转子中的槽的深度和宽度，能够影响肋局部变形的可能性。
通过根据本发明的刷密封装置，将在转动机械中、例如在蒸汽轮机中、燃气轮机中或压缩机中在转子受弯曲危害时的螺旋振荡的危险最小化。在此，根据本发明的刷密封装置的构成方案在结构上是极其简单的且成本适宜的。

Claims (3)

1.一种刷密封装置，用于密封转子和定子之间的间隙，所述刷密封装置包括：至少一个刷密封件，所述刷密封件具有刷壳体和固定在所述刷壳体中的多个刷毛，其中所述刷毛的自由端部抵靠所述转子上的密封面支撑，
其特征在于，
在所述转子上沿轴向方向在所述密封面之前和之后设有径向环绕的减荷槽，使得在所述密封面的区域中构成肋，所述肋尤其在所述刷壳体在所述密封面上扫过时能够局部地变形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的刷密封装置，
其特征在于，
所述刷密封装置具有沿轴向方向依次设置的多个刷密封件。
3.一种旋转机械，尤其蒸汽轮机，
其特征在于，
所述旋转机械包括根据权利要求1或2所述的刷密封装置。
CN201480046546.9A 2013-08-26 2014-07-08 刷密封装置 Pending CN105492806A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310216933 DE102013216933B3 (de) 2013-08-26 2013-08-26 Bürstendichtungsanordnung
DE102013216933.7 2013-08-26
PCT/EP2014/064536 WO2015028177A1 (de) 2013-08-26 2014-07-08 Bürstendichtungsanordnung

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US (1) US20160178062A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2992253A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105492806A (zh)
DE (1) DE102013216933B3 (zh)
RU (1) RU2623322C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2015028177A1 (zh)

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CN108488388A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2018-09-04 西安丁杰动力科技有限公司 一种高温高压气体回转面动密封装置

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DE102015223998B4 (de) 2015-12-02 2023-02-09 MTU Aero Engines AG Rotorvorrichtung mit Dichtabschnitt für eine Gasturbine
US11163340B2 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-11-02 Apple Inc. Electronic devices with fiber composite friction hinges
KR20210047139A (ko) 2019-10-21 2021-04-29 삼성전자주식회사 방진 구조를 포함하는 전자 장치

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Publication number Publication date
RU2623322C1 (ru) 2017-06-23
US20160178062A1 (en) 2016-06-23
DE102013216933B3 (de) 2014-04-03
EP2992253A1 (de) 2016-03-09
WO2015028177A1 (de) 2015-03-05

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