CN105490476A - Single-phase winding coiling method used for p axial magnetic field motors and winding structures thereof, printed circuit board and motor - Google Patents
Single-phase winding coiling method used for p axial magnetic field motors and winding structures thereof, printed circuit board and motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105490476A CN105490476A CN201610042114.1A CN201610042114A CN105490476A CN 105490476 A CN105490476 A CN 105490476A CN 201610042114 A CN201610042114 A CN 201610042114A CN 105490476 A CN105490476 A CN 105490476A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/04—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of windings, prior to mounting into machines
- H02K15/0407—Windings manufactured by etching, printing or stamping the complete coil
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/26—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors consisting of printed conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
- H02K2203/03—Machines characterised by the wiring boards, i.e. printed circuit boards or similar structures for connecting the winding terminations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
- H02K2203/12—Machines characterised by the bobbins for supporting the windings
Abstract
The invention provides single-phase winding structures used for axial magnetic field motors and a coiling method thereof, a printed circuit board and a motor. The windings are arranged on 2N layers of PCB. The windings arranged on all layers of PCB except for the first layer of PCB are provided with winding cycle rings of which the number is the same with that of motor magnetic poles. The adjacent winding layers are serially connected via connecting holes arranged at the central parts of the winding cycles. The head end and the tail end of the winding end parts are arranged on the first layer of PCB. Cost of the windings is relatively low; the motor coefficient of the windings is relatively high; and the windings are realized through the mode of the PCB so that the shape of the 2D windings can be arbitrary, and the size and the thickness of the windings can be accurately controlled. The aforementioned is important for realization of the thin motor structure and enhancement of motor performance; and the lines of a motor driving circuit, a Hall sensor circuit and other electronic devices can be manufactured on the same PCB forming the motor windings so that utilization rate of motor space can be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field with the monophase machine of axial magnetic field, specifically, is a kind of winding construction, winding method, printed circuit board (PCB) and motor that can realize the axial magnetic field single-phase synchronous machine of thin electric motor.
Background technology
Motor refers to a kind of calutron realizing electric energy conversion according to electromagnetic laws.Permagnetic synchronous motor (PMSM) because its power density and electric efficiency higher, thus play an increasingly important role in modern industry and household products.
The electromagnetic structure of motor can be adopt radial magnetic field, electric machine structure as shown in Figure 1; In FIG, which show the basic structure that one has the PMSM of external rotor, it armature winding 4 ＇ comprising rotor case 1 ＇, rotor-exciting magnet steel 2 ＇, stator core 3 ＇ and be wrapped on stator core 3 ＇.Fig. 2 display be the structure of a kind of concentratred winding of motor.Fig. 3 display be the electromagnetic structure of this motor, the N pole of rotor-exciting magnet steel 2 ＇ and S pole are alternately installed on rotor case 1 ＇.
When adopting the electric machine structure of the radial magnetic field shown by Fig. 1, the structure of armature winding must be 3D, and as shown in Figure 2,3D winding must use coil winding machine, or the mode of manual arrangement, forms winding.The precision of the size of winding is just not high yet.
Motor also can adopt axial magnetic field.And some adopt the electric machine structure of axial magnetic field, the structure of its armature winding can be 2D; As shown in Figure 3,2D winding can adopt bonding coil, even the technology of PCB, makes, and the precision of winding just can be done higher.The precision of winding is very important for the motor of axial magnetic field, because it is related to the size of motor gas-gap, and then has influence on the performance of motor.
Because single-phase PMSM has the simple feature of driver circuit, be widely used on miniature PMSM.Adopt the single-phase PMSM of axial magnetic field, its winding is that the centralized configuration being 180 ° of electrical degrees with maximum outreach arranges in space.This winding utilance in the linkage of rotor field is fine, and winding coefficient is also just higher.These are very important to the performance of raising motor.But after adopting this winding, in time using multi-layer PCB, in order to connect the PCB being positioned at different aspects, between relevant winding layers, must connect with connecting hole the winding being positioned at different PCB aspects.Design and adopt " buried via hole " to be connected with the mode of " blind hole " winding be positioned in different aspects with having to when production PCB.Because the complex structure of winding, also complicated to the requirement of buried via hole and blind hole.This can make the cost of PCB very high.If employing via hole, the coiling of every layer must avoid the position of via hole.This can make the shape of winding become unreasonable, thus affects the performance of motor.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of single-phase winding construction that can make full use of the magnetic field that rotor permanent-magnet steel produces in motor in axial magnetic field, and the location torque utilizing the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit to produce makes rotor rest against the method for maximum detent torque position when stopping.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that this method adopts is:
For a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of p motor in axial magnetic field, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N layer, N >=2, P >=4,
Step one, ground floor at PCB, winding head end starts the 1st cycle of winding, and winding head end moves into the inside in cycle from outside, and the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle;
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle; Then be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding; And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, repeat above step, until p the cycle of the 2nd layer of winding, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, and the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in the 1st cycle of third layer winding;
Step 4, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of third layer winding, from inside around to the outside in cycle; Then 2 cycles of winding are started in third layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in its 2nd cycle, be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 1st cycle of the 4th layer of winding, 1st winding cycle from the cycle of the 4th layer of winding is inner outside around to it, then the 2nd cycle coiling of the 4th layer is started, until its 2nd cycle is inner, and be connected with the initiating terminal in the 3rd cycle of third layer;
Step 5, gone down by above step, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding, winding is from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, and the end of cycle winding delivers to ground floor by connecting hole, is connected with the winding ends of ground floor.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.The shape in each winding cycle is fan-shaped.Can according to the internal diameter of rotor magnetic steel and external diameter chamfered in addition at fan-shaped edge.
For a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N layer, N >=2, P >=4,
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, winding front end moves into the inside in cycle from cycle outside, and the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle;
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle.Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding; And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, repeat above step, until (p-2) individual cycle of second layer winding starts, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, then the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding; (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding from inside around externally, then the new winding cycle is no longer formed, directly connected with the inside head end in (p-1) individual cycle of second layer winding by a connecting hole, (p-1) individual winding cycle of the second layer from its inside around externally, then from the outside in p cycle around inner to it; The end of this cycle winding, by connecting hole, is connected with the head end in the 1st cycle of third layer;
Step 4, the continuous coiling of winding cycle are gone down, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, the end of cycle winding delivers to ground floor by connecting hole, is connected with winding ends with ground floor.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.The shape in each winding cycle is fan-shaped.Can according to the internal diameter of rotor magnetic steel and external diameter chamfered in addition at fan-shaped edge.
For a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N layer, N >=2, P >=4,
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, winding head end moves into the inside in cycle from outside, the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle;
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle; Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding; And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, repeat above-mentioned steps, until (p-3) individual cycle of second layer winding starts, also just from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, then the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding, (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding from inside around externally, then the new winding cycle is no longer formed, directly connected with the inside head end in (p-1) individual cycle of second layer winding by a connecting hole, (p-1) individual winding cycle of the second layer from its inside around externally, then from the outside in p cycle around inner to it, the end of this cycle winding, pass through connecting hole, connect with ground floor, and then be connected to via hole-1.Connect with the initiating terminal of the one-period of third layer winding at the via hole-1 of ground floor, from its outside around to the inside in cycle, be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 1st cycle of the 4th layer of winding again, 1st winding cycle from the cycle of the 4th layer of winding is inner outside around to it, then the 2nd cycle coiling of the 4th layer is started, until its 2nd cycle is inner, and be connected with the initiating terminal in the 3rd cycle of third layer.Via hole-1 can be positioned at the outside of PCB, also can be positioned at the inner side of PCB.
Step 4, repetition above-mentioned steps, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding starts, winding is from the portion in cycle around to the inside in cycle, the end of cycle winding delivers to 2N-1 layer by connecting hole, be connected with p cycle winding of 2N-1 layer, and the tail end in p cycle of 2N-1 layer is connected with the via hole-2 being positioned at winding cycle outside, via hole-2 is connected with the winding ends of ground floor, and as the tail end of whole winding, be connected with chip port.Via hole-2 can be positioned at the outside of PCB, also can be positioned at the inner side of PCB.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.The shape in each winding cycle is fan-shaped.Can according to the internal diameter of rotor magnetic steel and external diameter chamfered in addition at fan-shaped edge.
Wherein, described ground floor is provided with drive circuit and Hall testing circuit.
For a single-phase winding construction for motor in axial magnetic field, described winding is arranged at 2N layer pcb board, and the winding on every layer of pcb board except first floor pcb board is provided with the winding periodic ring identical with motor pole number; Connected in series by the connecting hole of the central part being positioned at the winding cycle between adjacent winding layers; The head end of winding overhang and tail end are all on first floor pcb board.
Wherein, described first floor pcb board is provided with motor driven systems, and described winding is connected with motor driven systems, and described motor driven systems comprises drive circuit and Hall element.
Wherein, the connecting hole between winding is via hole.
Wherein, formed a PCB assembly with (2n-1) layer pcb board and 2n layer pcb board, wherein, n=1,2 ... N.Winding switching hole between first and second layers of each PCB assembly is in the central authorities in winding cycle, and often organize the head end of the winding of PCB and tail end all on its ground floor, when PCB assembly connects, the winding overhang of one PCB assembly connects with the hole be positioned at outside the winding cycle, connect another PCB assembly, the hole in described outside is via hole on Whole PC B.
Wherein, the one side away from magnet steel of described PCB group is provided with driving element.
Have a motor for axial magnetic field, the spacer that the face and being provided with the PCB of electronic device is greater than 1 with relative permeability is installed together, described spacer make the magnetic circuit of motor rotor magnetic steel quadrature axis under magnetic resistance be less than magnetic resistance under d-axis.
For a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N, comprising:
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, move into the inside in cycle from outside, the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle; See Fig. 4.The shape in winding cycle is fan-shaped.
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; See Fig. 1.Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle.Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding.And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, gone down by above step, until p the cycle of the 2nd layer of winding, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, and the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end of the one-period of third layer winding.
Step 4, initiating terminal at the one-period of third layer winding, from inside around to the outside in cycle; See Fig. 4.Then 2 cycles of winding are started in third layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in its 2nd cycle, be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 1st cycle of the 4th layer of winding, 1st winding cycle from the cycle of the 4th layer of winding is inner outside around to it, then the 2nd cycle coiling of the 4th layer is started, until its 2nd cycle is inner, and be connected with the initiating terminal in the 3rd cycle of third layer.
Step 5, gone down by above step, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding, winding is from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, and the end of cycle winding delivers to ground floor by connecting hole, is connected with the winding end line-2 of ground floor.Like this, the head end of the end line of whole winding and end are all arranged at ground floor.Owing to using via hole, all there are two via holes the inside in each winding cycle.And ground floor has the space in a winding cycle to can be used for arranging drive circuit and Hall testing circuit.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.The shape in each winding cycle is fan-shaped.Can according to the internal diameter of rotor magnetic steel and external diameter chamfered in addition at fan-shaped edge.
For a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N, comprising:
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, move into the inside in cycle from outside, the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle; See Fig. 4.The shape in winding cycle is fan-shaped.
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; See Fig. 1.Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle.Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding.And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, to be gone down by above step, until (p-2) individual cycle of second layer winding starts, the winding in the 4th cycle of the second layer namely in Fig. 5, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, then the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in the 4th cycle of ground floor winding.4th cycle of ground floor winding from inside around externally, then the new winding cycle is no longer formed, directly by (p-1) individual cycle of a connecting hole and second layer winding, the 5th winding cycle of the second layer namely in Fig. 5, inside head end connect.5th winding cycle of the second layer from its inside around externally, then from the outside in the 6th cycle around inner to it.The end of this cycle winding, by connecting hole, is connected with the head end in the 1st cycle of third layer; See Fig. 5.
Step 4, the continuous coiling of winding cycle are gone down, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding, namely see the 6th cycle of the 4th layer of winding in Fig. 5, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, the end of cycle winding delivers to ground floor by connecting hole, is connected with winding end line-2 with ground floor.Like this, the head end of whole winding and end are all arranged at ground floor.Owing to using via hole, all there are two via holes the inside in each winding cycle.And ground floor has the space in 2 winding cycles can supply to arrange drive circuit and Hall testing circuit.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.The shape in each winding cycle is fan-shaped.Can according to the internal diameter of rotor magnetic steel and external diameter chamfered in addition at fan-shaped edge.
For a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N, comprising:
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, move into the inside in cycle from outside, the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle; See Fig. 6.The shape in winding cycle is fan-shaped;
Step 2, (2) at the initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; See Fig. 1.Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle.Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding.And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, repeat above-mentioned steps, until (p-3) individual cycle of second layer winding starts, also just from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, then the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding, (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding from inside around externally, then the new winding cycle is no longer formed, directly connected with the inside head end in (p-1) individual cycle of second layer winding by a connecting hole, (p-1) individual winding cycle of the second layer from its inside around externally, then from the outside in p cycle around inner to it, the end of this cycle winding, pass through connecting hole, connect with ground floor, and then be connected to via hole-1.Connect with the initiating terminal of the one-period of third layer winding at the via hole-1 of ground floor, from its outside around to the inside in cycle, be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 1st cycle of the 4th layer of winding again, 1st winding cycle from the cycle of the 4th layer of winding is inner outside around to it, then the 2nd cycle coiling of the 4th layer is started, until its 2nd cycle is inner, and be connected with the initiating terminal in the 3rd cycle of third layer.Via hole-1 can be positioned at the outside of PCB, also can be positioned at the inner side of PCB.
Step 4, repetition above-mentioned steps, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding starts, winding is from the portion in cycle around to the inside in cycle, the end of cycle winding delivers to 2N-1 layer by connecting hole, be connected with p cycle winding of 2N-1 layer, and the tail end in p cycle of 2N-1 layer is connected with the via hole-2 being positioned at winding cycle outside, via hole-2 is connected with the winding ends of ground floor, and as the tail end of whole winding, be connected with chip port.Via hole-2 can be positioned at the outside of PCB, also can be positioned at the inner side of PCB.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.The shape in each winding cycle is fan-shaped.Can according to the internal diameter of rotor magnetic steel and external diameter chamfered in addition at fan-shaped edge.
For a single-phase winding construction for motor in axial magnetic field, described winding is arranged at 2N layer pcb board, and the winding on every layer of pcb board except first floor pcb board is provided with the winding periodic ring identical with motor pole number; Connected in series by the connecting hole of the central part being positioned at the winding cycle between adjacent winding layers; The head end of winding overhang and these two end points of tail end are all on first floor pcb board.
Wherein, described first floor pcb board is provided with motor driven systems, and described winding is connected with motor driven systems, and described motor driven systems comprises.
Wherein, the one side away from magnet steel of described PCB group is provided with driving element.
A kind of motor, comprise motor base, PCB group and rotor case, described motor base is provided with bearing, motor shaft one end of described rotor case is arranged in bearing through PCB group, rotor magnetic steel is provided with in described rotor case, the one side away from rotor magnetic steel of described PCB group is provided with spacer, and the magnetic permeability of described spacer material is greater than 1.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
1) PCB technology can be made full use of realize the winding of the monophase machine with axial magnetic field.The cost compare of winding is low;
2) centralized configuration of coil to be maximum outreach be 180 ° of electrical degrees, can improve the utilance of winding to the magnetic field that rotor magnetic steel produces.The coefficient of electrical machinery of winding is higher;
3) winding is realized by the mode of PCB, and thus the shape of the winding of 2D can be arbitrary, and the size of winding and thickness can control very accurate.These for realize thin electric motor structure and improve motor performance be important;
4) circuit of motor-drive circuit, Hall element circuit and other electronic device can be made on the same PCB of formation motor winding, is directly connected with the armature winding of motor.Improve the utilance in motor space;
Single-phase permanent alternating current machine must adopt Hall element to come the position of detection rotor, and sends the electric current of control signal to winding and control and commutate.A specific question of this motor is, it also exists the point that multiple torque is zero.When motor runs, these zero torque points can utilize machinery inertial to be passed through.But motor is when startup, if rotor is positioned at the position at these torques zero point, then motor cannot normally start.When design of electrical motor, must manage to avoid the rotor when starting to be positioned at the position at torque zero point on electromagnetic structure.
Motor in axial magnetic field, its rotor axially being clamped down on, to avoid rotor in the movement of axis, even must depart from motor.The method of machinery can be adopted to clamp down on.Also magnetic force can be adopted to clamp down on.The structure of the latter is simple, is specially adapted to thin electric motor.But how to utilize the electromagnetic structure of motor to realize, then needing to consider many factors.
5) be positioned at the spacer of the same PCB aspect of electronic device, quadrature-axis reluctance can be utilized to be less than the effect of direct axis reluctance, making rotor when freely stopping, be parked in the position that detent torque is larger, thus strengthen the startability of motor.And the magnetic force that the effect between spacer and the magnetic field of magnet steel produces also can play rotor and axially clamps down on effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the motor of existing employing radial magnetic field is separated schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the centralized winding construction schematic diagram of existing typical radial magnetic field motor;
Fig. 3 is the typical structure schematic diagram of the motor adopting axial magnetic field;
When Fig. 4 is embodiment one p=6, the winding situation when ground floor winding cycle is (p-1).
When Fig. 5 is embodiment two p=6, the winding situation when ground floor winding cycle is (p-2).
When Fig. 6 is embodiment three p=6, when the ground floor winding cycle is (p-2), use the winding situation of buried via hole and via hole simultaneously.
Fig. 7 is three kinds of typical shapes of the shape of spacer bottom PCB.
Fig. 8 for spacer bottom the PCB shown in Fig. 7 to be installed to inside motor after with the corresponding situation of the ground floor of the PCB shown in Fig. 6.
The relation of various device time Fig. 9 is the installation of motor.
Figure 10 is the mounting structure figure that motor is installed.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1,
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, a kind of winding method of single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field for having pole, the number of plies of pcb board is 2N, comprising the ground floor winding cycle shown in Fig. 4 is the structure of p-1, or the structure of the p-2 shown in Fig. 5, or similar p-n junction structure (n=1,2,, p-1).Choosing of ground floor winding periodicity, the space required for the position of electronic device and drive circuit determines.And two of winding end lines are all positioned at the ground floor of PCB.Winding employing maximum outreach is the centralized configuration of 180 ° of electrical degrees; The number of plies of winding is even number; Except ground floor, the winding on every one deck formed by the winding periodic ring identical with motor pole number p; Connected in series by connecting hole between adjacent winding layers.Because the periodicity of ground floor winding is less than p, reserve enough spaces can to drive circuit and Hall element.And such processing method, all connecting holes are all positioned at the inside in winding cycle.The space be positioned at due to connecting hole does not have winding, and all connecting holes can realize with via hole.This cost for minimizing PCB is significantly.
Embodiment two
For having a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of pole, the number of plies of pcb board is 2N, comprises the winding construction shown in Fig. 6.For a PCB with 2N layer, every two aspects form a PCB assembly, altogether form N to assembly.The winding tail end of each assembly is connected with via hole with the head end of next assembly.The tail end of last component is connected to the ground floor of first assembly by via hole, be connected with the port of driving chip.The existence of via hole does not affect the arrangement of PCB winding.Obviously, this winding arrangement mode can increase the number of turn of winding further, and simplifies the working condition of PCB.
Embodiment three
As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, a kind of printed circuit board (PCB) using above-mentioned single-phase winding construction, each single-phase winding construction is a PCB group, described printed circuit board (PCB) comprises N number of PCB group, and the winding overhang of first group PCB is connected with the winding end portion of the PCB be connected by the via hole be positioned at outside the winding cycle.
Wherein, the one side away from magnet steel of described PCB group is provided with driving element.
A kind of motor, comprise motor base, PCB group and rotor case, described motor base is provided with bearing, motor shaft one end of described rotor case is arranged in bearing through PCB group, rotor magnetic steel is provided with in described rotor case, the one side away from rotor magnetic steel of described PCB group is provided with spacer, and the magnetic permeability of described material is greater than 1.
In order to the position making rotor can avoid zero torque when motor is idle, and axially can clamp down on effect to rotor generation, in the side of PCB away from magnet steel, namely the side of driving element is installed, connect the spacer with F-SP.This spacer material contains the composition of iron, thus can produce axial gravitation with rotor field effect.Like this, time between magnet steel and spacer, relativeness is different, the magnetic resistance of motor main magnetic circuit is different.And spacer has a larger breach to be space for the installation of electronic device reserves.When motor is installed, spacer is installed in the position that magnetic resistance is minimum on the quadrature axis position of winding.Like this, make rotor when freely stopping, near the position that can rest in quadrature axis, thus make motor avoid when starting detent torque be zero situation occur.
When p=6, the two kinds of spacers designed according to these requirements to location spacer as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
When motor is installed, electronic device is installed on PCB.And this PCB does not have the one side of electronic device towards rotor magnetic steel.After motor installation, the face of the PCB on the same face of spacer and electronic device is close.This spacer can be directly installed on PCB, or is installed on the support of motor.
The invention also discloses the manufacture method of winding construction, is be made by the form of printed circuit board (PCB).And the relative permeability of spacer material is greater than 1.
The invention also discloses a kind of motor with axial magnetic field, it comprises rotor yoke 1, magnet steel 2, motor winding 3, spacer 4, motor base 5, and electronic device 6.Wherein:
Rotor yoke 1 is made up of ferrous material,
The relative permeability of spacer 4 is greater than 1.Its structure can make the magnetic resistance of motor main magnetic circuit can change along with the change of relative position between magnet steel and spacer.
Winding construction 3 is the above-mentioned structure with multilayer 2D, the winding made by the mode of PCB.In the present embodiment, the coil of every layer was made up of six cycles (winding ring), with corresponding with six magnetic pole magnet steel of rotor.
Motor disclosed in this invention, can make full use of the winding space of motor, thus increases the power density of motor and reduce the thickness of motor.The use of spacer can improve the starting characteristic of monophase machine.The structure of motor is simple, and production process is simplified, and the yields that the reliability of motor and motor are produced can be improved.
Fig. 7 shows three examples of this spacer when p=6.The periodicity of iron plate structure is identical with the periodicity of magnet steel, to be coupled with the pole pair of magnet steel.
Fig. 8 shows kind of the spacer of three shown in Fig. 7 when being installed to inside motor, with the relation of the winding of the ground floor of the PCB shown in Fig. 6.。
See Fig. 9 and Figure 10, when motor is installed, electronic device is welded on PCB.And this PCB does not have the one side of electronic device towards rotor magnetic steel;
See Fig. 9 and Figure 10, after motor installation, the face of the PCB on the same face of spacer and electronic device is connected.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (10)
1., for a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of p motor in axial magnetic field, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N layer, N >=2, and P >=4, is characterized in that:
Step one, ground floor at PCB, winding head end starts the 1st cycle of winding, and winding head end moves into the inside in cycle from outside, and the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle;
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle; Then be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding; And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner; Step 3, repeat above step, until p the cycle of the 2nd layer of winding, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, and the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in the 1st cycle of third layer winding;
Step 4, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of third layer winding, from inside around to the outside in cycle; Then 2 cycles of winding are started in third layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in its 2nd cycle, be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 1st cycle of the 4th layer of winding, 1st winding cycle from the cycle of the 4th layer of winding is inner outside around to it, then the 2nd cycle coiling of the 4th layer is started, until its 2nd cycle is inner, and be connected with the initiating terminal in the 3rd cycle of third layer;
Step 5, gone down by above step, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding, winding is from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, and the end of cycle winding delivers to ground floor by connecting hole, is connected with the winding ends of ground floor.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.
2., for a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N layer, N >=2, and P >=4, is characterized in that:
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, winding front end moves into the inside in cycle from cycle outside, and the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle;
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle.Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding; And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, repeat above step, until (p-2) individual cycle of second layer winding starts, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, then the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding; (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding from inside around externally, then the new winding cycle is no longer formed, directly connected with the inside head end in (p-1) individual cycle of second layer winding by a connecting hole, (p-1) individual winding cycle of the second layer from its inside around externally, then from the outside in p cycle around inner to it; The end of this cycle winding, by connecting hole, is connected with the head end in the 1st cycle of third layer;
Step 4, the continuous coiling of winding cycle are gone down, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding, from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, the end of cycle winding delivers to ground floor by connecting hole, is connected with winding ends with ground floor.The trend of the winding current that each winding cycle on each layer formed in the above process is formed is identical with the current trend in winding cycle of other layers being in same position mutually.
3., for a winding method for the single-phase winding construction of the motor in axial magnetic field of p magnetic pole, the number of plies of its PCB is 2N layer, N >=2, and P >=4, is characterized in that:
Step one, initiating terminal at the one-period of ground floor winding, winding head end moves into the inside in cycle from outside, the end of winding is connected with the initiating terminal of the start cycle of second layer winding by the connecting hole being positioned at the inside in its cycle;
Step 2, initiating terminal in the 1st cycle of second layer winding, from inside around the outside to the cycle; Then start the 2nd cycle of this layer of winding at the second layer, and the end in this cycle is positioned at the inside in the 2nd cycle; Be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 2nd cycle of ground floor winding; And the 2nd of ground floor winding the winding cycle from cycle is inner outside around to it, then start the 3rd cycle coiling of ground floor, until the 3rd cycle is inner;
Step 3, repeat above-mentioned steps, until (p-3) individual cycle of second layer winding starts, also just from the outside in cycle around to the inside in cycle, then the end of cycle winding is connected by connecting hole with the head end in (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding, (p-2) individual cycle of ground floor winding from inside around externally, then the new winding cycle is no longer formed, directly connected with the inside head end in (p-1) individual cycle of second layer winding by a connecting hole, (p-1) individual winding cycle of the second layer from its inside around externally, then from the outside in p cycle around inner to it, the end of this cycle winding, pass through connecting hole, connect with ground floor, and then be connected to via hole-1.Connect with the initiating terminal of the one-period of third layer winding at the via hole-1 of ground floor, from its outside around to the inside in cycle, be connected by the initiating terminal of connecting hole with the 1st cycle of the 4th layer of winding again, 1st winding cycle from the cycle of the 4th layer of winding is inner outside around to it, then the 2nd cycle coiling of the 4th layer is started, until its 2nd cycle is inner, and be connected with the initiating terminal in the 3rd cycle of third layer.Via hole-1 can be positioned at the outside of PCB, also can be positioned at the inner side of PCB.
Step 4, repetition above-mentioned steps, until p the cycle of 2N layer winding starts, winding is from the portion in cycle around to the inside in cycle, the end of cycle winding delivers to 2N-1 layer by connecting hole, be connected with p cycle winding of 2N-1 layer, and the tail end in p cycle of 2N-1 layer is connected with the via hole-2 being positioned at winding cycle outside, via hole-2 is connected with the winding ends of ground floor, and as the tail end of whole winding, be connected with chip port.
4. the winding method of the single-phase winding construction of a kind of motor in axial magnetic field for p magnetic pole according to claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described ground floor is provided with drive circuit and Hall testing circuit.
5. for a single-phase winding construction for motor in axial magnetic field, it is characterized in that: described winding is arranged at 2N layer pcb board, the winding on every layer of pcb board except first floor pcb board is provided with the winding periodic ring identical with motor pole number; Connected in series by the connecting hole of the central part being positioned at the winding cycle between adjacent winding layers; The head end of winding overhang and tail end are all on first floor pcb board.
6. a kind of single-phase winding construction for motor in axial magnetic field according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described first floor pcb board is provided with motor driven systems, described winding is connected with motor driven systems, and described motor driven systems comprises drive circuit and Hall element.
7. a kind of single-phase winding construction for motor in axial magnetic field according to claim 5 and 6, is characterized in that: the connecting hole between winding is via hole.
8. use a printed circuit board (PCB) for the single-phase winding construction described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, formed a PCB assembly with (2n-1) layer pcb board and 2n layer pcb board, wherein, n=1,2 ... N.Winding switching hole between first and second layers of each PCB assembly is in the central authorities in winding cycle, and often organize the head end of the winding of PCB and tail end all on its ground floor, when PCB assembly connects, the winding overhang of one PCB assembly connects with the hole be positioned at outside the winding cycle, connect another PCB assembly, the hole in described outside is via hole on Whole PC B.
9. printed circuit board (PCB) according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the one side away from magnet steel of described PCB group is provided with driving element.
10. one kind has the motor of axial magnetic field, it is characterized in that: the spacer that the face and being provided with the PCB of electronic device is greater than 1 with relative permeability is installed together, described spacer make the magnetic circuit of motor rotor magnetic steel quadrature axis under magnetic resistance be less than magnetic resistance under d-axis.
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