CN105486837A - Method for determining harmful substances in environment monitoring - Google Patents

Method for determining harmful substances in environment monitoring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105486837A
CN105486837A CN201510800291.7A CN201510800291A CN105486837A CN 105486837 A CN105486837 A CN 105486837A CN 201510800291 A CN201510800291 A CN 201510800291A CN 105486837 A CN105486837 A CN 105486837A
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Prior art keywords
sample
ball milling
pedotheque
screening
carry out
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CN201510800291.7A
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CN105486837B (en
Inventor
王猛
纪轶
邵波
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Ningbo PTS Product Technology Service Co., Ltd.
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Zibo Yongchen Environmental Impact Assessment Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining harmful substances. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a soil sample; subjecting the soil sample to ball milling, drying, ball milling again, screening and briquetting so as to obtain a sample block; and then dissolving the sample block with a solvent and determining harmful substances like heavy metal ions. According to the invention, through ball milling at first, moisture in the sample can be completely removed, so drying efficiency is improved; secondary grinding and screening are carried out after drying, so the particle size of the sample is smaller and uniform, which facilitates adequate dissolving in subsequent determination process; hot wind is introduced in secondary grinding and screening, so errors in measurement results caused by water absorption in secondary grinding and screening are prevented; and through batch briquetting treatment, rapid determination of a large number of samples is facilitated, troublesome manual weighing is prevented, the storage time of the sample is long, and a standby sample can be taken for determination when original measurement data is doubted in the future.

Description

The assay method of nuisance in a kind of environmental monitoring
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical assay field, especially relate to the assay method of nuisance in a kind of environmental monitoring.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industry, environmental problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, waste water,waste gas and industrial residue etc. in heavy industry production, if without effective process, be discharged in waters, soil, serious destruction can be caused to ecologic environment, affect the life and health of the people, thus, the detection of objectionable impurities in environment is become abnormal important.If effectively do not monitored such as the heavy metal ion of the objectionable impurities in soil, waters, ecological circulation can be entered along with crop plant, and be finally deposited in animal body or human body, thus the harmful metal ion measured in soil is necessary very much, the specific surface area of soil colloid is large, charging property strong, and thus soil has adsorbability, in the diffusion layer of soil colloid electrostatic double layer, counterion can be according to doing equivalent exchange with ion valence with the ion of identical charges in solution, is called ion-exchange.At present in the assay method of soil harmful metal ion, there is pre-treatment operating process complicated, consuming time longer; And manual procedure repeatedly very easily causes the loss of sample, make measurement result occur the problem of deviation, mass measures the problems such as complicated, urgently improves.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the assay method of nuisance in a kind of environmental monitoring.Can be quick, exactly the kation in soil is examined and determine.
The technical scheme that the present invention is complete comprises:
An assay method for nuisance, comprising:
Batch selects the pedotheque in region to be detected, and send into bowl mill and carry out grinding 1-2 hour, described ratio of grinding media to material is (10-12): 1, and ball milling terminates rear taking-up sample, weighs its quality, counts M;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through ball milling is sent into dryer, dries at the temperature of 80-90 DEG C, dry after 6-8 hour, until the moisture of pedotheque is removed completely, weigh its quality, count M 0, obtain quality coefficient A=M/M0;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through super-dry is sent into Milling and screening machine carry out grinding and sieving, described ratio of grinding media to material is (8-10): 1, leads to the hot blast of 100-120 DEG C in mechanical milling process, gets particle diameter and be less than 240 object pedotheques after ball milling screening terminates;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through overground sieve is pressed into the square sample block that weight is 5g on cuber, is placed in plastics square box and carries out sealing preservation;
Get required above-mentioned sample blocks, after adopting dissolution with solvents, carry out the mensuration of nuisance as heavy metal ion; Concrete mensuration mode is: carry out n time measure, n be greater than 5 integer; Get each measured value and count P1 to Pn respectively, by following formulae discovery:
P = Σ a = 1 n P a / 5 n A - - - ( 1 ) ;
Obtain the content of nuisance in soil.
The advantage of hinge structure of the present invention is: by first ball milling, make sample broke, in drying and processing subsequently, sample through pulverizing can remove moisture completely, improve drying efficiency, again through grinding and sieving after oven dry, make the change of the particle diameter of sample tiny and even, be convenient to dissolve in mensuration process subsequently more abundant, again in grinding also screening process, pass into hot blast, preventing this process from absorbing water makes measurement result occur error, and by the briquetting process of batch, achieve the Fast Measurement of batch samples more easily, avoid the loaded down with trivial details of manual weighing, the Sample storage time is long, when throwing doubt upon to raw measurement data in the future, still can carry out taking out sample for subsequent use to measure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
An assay method for nuisance, comprising:
Batch selects the pedotheque in region to be detected, and send into bowl mill and carry out grinding 1-2 hour, described ratio of grinding media to material is (10-12): 1, and ball milling terminates rear taking-up sample, weighs its quality, counts M;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through ball milling is sent into dryer, dries at the temperature of 80-90 DEG C, dry after 6-8 hour, until the moisture of pedotheque is removed completely, weigh its quality, count M 0, obtain quality coefficient A=M/M0;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through super-dry is sent into Milling and screening machine carry out grinding and sieving, described ratio of grinding media to material is (8-10): 1, leads to the hot blast of 100-120 DEG C in mechanical milling process, gets particle diameter and be less than 240 object pedotheques after ball milling screening terminates, described Milling and screening machine comprises cylinder blanket, screen(ing) machine unit and grinding machine unit, described screen(ing) machine unit is positioned at shell, comprise stainless steel mesh screen, stainless steel mesh screen both sides are by end cap fixing seal, first turning axle is not connected with both sides end cap through stainless (steel) wire screening, first turning axle connects the first motor, described stainless steel mesh screen sieve aperture is 1mm, described grinding machine unit is located in screen(ing) machine unit, comprise grinding machine shell, lidstock is passed through in grinding machine shell both sides, second turning axle is connected with both sides capping respectively through grinding machine shell, second turning axle connects the second motor, the second described turning axle is arranged relative to the first rotating shaft eccentric, grinding machine shell is provided with some through holes.
The above-mentioned pedotheque through overground sieve is pressed into the square sample block that weight is 5g on cuber, is placed in plastics square box and carries out sealing preservation;
Get required above-mentioned sample blocks, after adopting dissolution with solvents, carry out the mensuration of nuisance as heavy metal ion; Concrete mensuration mode is: carry out n time measure, n be greater than 5 integer; Get each measured value and count P1 to Pn respectively, by following formulae discovery:
P = Σ a = 1 n P a / 5 n A - - - ( 1 ) ;
Obtain the content of nuisance in soil.
Embodiment 1:
Batch selects the pedotheque in region to be detected, and send into bowl mill and carry out grinding 1 hour, described ratio of grinding media to material is 10:1, and ball milling terminates rear taking-up sample, weighs its quality, counts M;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through ball milling is sent into dryer, dries at the temperature of 80 DEG C, dry after 6 hours, until the moisture of pedotheque is removed completely, weigh its quality, count M 0, obtain quality coefficient A=M/M0;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through super-dry is sent into Milling and screening machine carry out grinding and sieving, described ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, leads to the hot blast of 100 DEG C in mechanical milling process, gets particle diameter and be less than 240 object pedotheques after ball milling screening terminates;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through overground sieve is pressed into the square sample block that weight is 5g on cuber, is placed in plastics square box and carries out sealing preservation;
Get required above-mentioned sample blocks, after adopting dissolution with solvents, carry out the mensuration of nuisance as heavy metal ion; Concrete mensuration mode is: carry out 5 times and measure; Get each measured value and count P1 to P5 respectively, by following formulae discovery:
P = Σ a = 1 5 P a / 25 A - - - ( 1 ) ;
Obtain the content of nuisance in soil.
Embodiment 2:
Batch selects the pedotheque in region to be detected, and send into bowl mill and carry out grinding 2 hours, described ratio of grinding media to material is 12:1, and ball milling terminates rear taking-up sample, weighs its quality, counts M;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through ball milling is sent into dryer, dries at the temperature of 90 DEG C, dry after 8 hours, until the moisture of pedotheque is removed completely, weigh its quality, count M 0, obtain quality coefficient A=M/M0;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through super-dry is sent into Milling and screening machine carry out grinding and sieving, described ratio of grinding media to material is 10:1, leads to the hot blast of 120 DEG C in mechanical milling process, gets particle diameter and be less than 240 object pedotheques after ball milling screening terminates; The above-mentioned pedotheque through overground sieve is pressed into the square sample block that weight is 5g on cuber, is placed in plastics square box and carries out sealing preservation;
Get required above-mentioned sample blocks, after adopting dissolution with solvents, carry out the mensuration of nuisance as heavy metal ion; Concrete mensuration mode is: carry out 8 times and measure, get each measured value and count P1 to P8 respectively, by following formulae discovery:
P = Σ a = 1 8 P a / 40 A - - - ( 1 ) ;
Obtain the content of nuisance in soil.
Finally, it is also to be noted that what enumerate above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be had.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive from content disclosed by the invention or associate, all should think protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. an assay method for nuisance, is characterized in that, comprising:
Batch selects the pedotheque in region to be detected, and send into bowl mill and carry out grinding 1-2 hour, described ratio of grinding media to material is (10-12): 1, and ball milling terminates rear taking-up sample, weighs its quality, counts M;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through ball milling is sent into dryer, dries at the temperature of 80-90 DEG C, dry after 6-8 hour, until the moisture of pedotheque is removed completely, weigh its quality, count M 0, obtain quality coefficient A=M/M 0;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through super-dry is sent into Milling and screening machine carry out grinding and sieving, described ratio of grinding media to material is (8-10): 1, leads to the hot blast of 100-120 DEG C in mechanical milling process, gets particle diameter and be less than 240 object pedotheques after ball milling screening terminates;
The above-mentioned pedotheque through overground sieve is pressed into the square sample block that weight is 5g on cuber, is placed in plastics square box and carries out sealing preservation;
Get required above-mentioned sample blocks, after adopting dissolution with solvents, carry out the mensuration of nuisance as heavy metal ion; Concrete mensuration mode is: carry out n time measure, n be greater than 5 integer; Get each measured value and count P1 to Pn respectively, by following formulae discovery:
P = Σ a = 1 n P a / 5 n A - - - ( 1 ) ;
Obtain the content of nuisance in soil.
CN201510800291.7A 2015-11-19 2015-11-19 The assay method of nuisance in a kind of environmental monitoring Active CN105486837B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106840836A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-06-13 湖北省理化分析测试中心 Plastic cement race track poisons detection pre-treating method

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004198324A (en) * 2002-12-19 2004-07-15 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Analytical method for heavy metal contained in soil
CN102274782A (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-12-14 华新环境工程有限公司 Trumpet-shaped grinding and drying machine
CN102323178A (en) * 2011-08-04 2012-01-18 河海大学 Soil body physical property index measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof
CN102680659A (en) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-19 河北农业大学 Method for determining constituents of soil at tailings mining area
CN103555930A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-05 平安鑫海资源开发有限公司 Method for reduction roasting of high-magnesium poor-quality nickel laterite
CN203643195U (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-06-11 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Simple ground soil sampling device
CN103852359A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-06-11 中国农业大学 Method for extracting soil heavy metal ion
CN104502564A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 齐齐哈尔大学 Soil parameter experiment method
CN104597223A (en) * 2015-01-12 2015-05-06 东北农业大学 Method for evaluating soil quality by employing nematodes as biomarkers

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004198324A (en) * 2002-12-19 2004-07-15 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Analytical method for heavy metal contained in soil
CN102680659A (en) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-19 河北农业大学 Method for determining constituents of soil at tailings mining area
CN102274782A (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-12-14 华新环境工程有限公司 Trumpet-shaped grinding and drying machine
CN102323178A (en) * 2011-08-04 2012-01-18 河海大学 Soil body physical property index measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof
CN103555930A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-05 平安鑫海资源开发有限公司 Method for reduction roasting of high-magnesium poor-quality nickel laterite
CN203643195U (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-06-11 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Simple ground soil sampling device
CN103852359A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-06-11 中国农业大学 Method for extracting soil heavy metal ion
CN104502564A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 齐齐哈尔大学 Soil parameter experiment method
CN104597223A (en) * 2015-01-12 2015-05-06 东北农业大学 Method for evaluating soil quality by employing nematodes as biomarkers

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106840836A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-06-13 湖北省理化分析测试中心 Plastic cement race track poisons detection pre-treating method

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