CN105483510A - Manufacturing method of impact-resisting nodular cast iron hammerhead - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of impact-resisting nodular cast iron hammerhead Download PDFInfo
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- CN105483510A CN105483510A CN201510875050.9A CN201510875050A CN105483510A CN 105483510 A CN105483510 A CN 105483510A CN 201510875050 A CN201510875050 A CN 201510875050A CN 105483510 A CN105483510 A CN 105483510A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of an impact-resisting nodular cast iron hammerhead. The manufacturing method includes the steps that raw materials are placed in a smelting furnace, the temperature is increased to the melting state, hardening and tempering are conducted, and alloy liquid is obtained after the treated raw materials are discharged out of the furnace; the alloy liquid comprises, by weight percentage, 3.52% to 3.58% of carbon, 2.50% to 2.60% of silicon, 0.35% to 0.40% of manganese, 0.45% to 0.48% of chromium, 0.23% to 0.26% of molybdenum, 0.52% to 0.55% of copper, 0.36% to 0.39% of nickel and the balance iron; the alloy liquid is used for casting, and a hammerhead blank is obtained; the temperature of the hammerhead blank is increased, austenitizing is conducted, then the temperature is kept, and the impact-resisting nodular cast iron hammerhead is obtained through isothermal quenching; and the austenitizing temperature TA satisfies the formula of TA=920+K1*100*(n carbon + n silicon)/6.1, the isothermal quenching temperature TD satisfies the formula of TD=220+K2*100*(n carbon + n silicon), the value of K1 ranges from 15 to 20, and the value of K2 ranges from 5 to 6.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hammer mill technical field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup.
Background technology
Hammer mill widely uses at brick field and coal gangue source mill, and tup stands impact and the wearing and tearing of material in high-speed rotation, is its main abrasion piece.The tup that present brick field more often uses has high mangaenese steel tup, rich chromium cast iron tup and Double-metal composite hammer.But various material tup all has some limitations, and is embodied in: high mangaenese steel tup is not wear-resisting, and rich chromium cast iron tup is frangible, and bimetal hammerhead price is high, cost performance is low.
Therefore, now developing a kind of neither broken tup wear-resisting being again suitable for using at brick field and coal gangue source mill is current urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
Based on the technical problem that background technology exists, the present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup, gained cast iron tup has higher initial hardness and suitable impelling strength, hardness can reach HRC55, ballistic work can reach 39.3J, the shortcoming of high mangaenese steel and rich chromium cast iron tup can be made up with not enough, realistic Production requirement.
The preparation method of a kind of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup that the present invention proposes, comprises the steps:
S1, melting: raw material is placed in smelting furnace and is warming up to molten state, modified, come out of the stove and obtain aluminium alloy; The compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.52 ~ 3.58%, silicon: 2.50 ~ 2.60%, manganese: 0.35 ~ 0.40%, chromium: 0.45 ~ 0.48%, molybdenum: 0.23 ~ 0.26%, copper: 0.52 ~ 0.55%, nickel: 0.36 ~ 0.39%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, all the other are iron;
S2, cast: aluminium alloy is carried out cast and obtains tup base substrate, teeming temperature >=1350 DEG C;
S3, thermal treatment: heated up by tup base substrate and carry out austenitizing, be then incubated, isothermal quenching obtains shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup; Wherein austenitizing temperature T
a=920+K
1× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon)/6.1, austempering temperature T
d=220+K
2× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon); K
1value be 15 ~ 20, K
2value be 5 ~ 6, n
carbonand n
siliconbe respectively weight percent shared by carbon and element silicon in aluminium alloy.
Preferably, in the aluminium alloy of S1, the weight ratio of carbon and chromium element is 3.54 ~ 3.56:0.46 ~ 0.47.
Preferably, in the aluminium alloy of S1, the weight ratio of manganese element, copper and nickel element is 0.36 ~ 0.38:0.53 ~ 0.54:0.37 ~ 0.38.
Preferably, in S1, the compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.54 ~ 3.56%, silicon: 2.55 ~ 2.58%, manganese: 0.36 ~ 0.38%, chromium: 0.46 ~ 0.47%, molybdenum: 0.24 ~ 0.25%, copper: 0.53 ~ 0.54%, nickel: 0.37 ~ 0.38%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, all the other are iron.
Preferably, in S1, tapping temperature is 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C.
Preferably, in S3, K
1value be 16 ~ 18, K
2value be 5.4 ~ 5.6.
Preferably, in S3, soaking time is 1.8 ~ 2.2h.
Preferably, in S3, isothermal quenching time is 3.8 ~ 4.2h.
In the present invention, each element interaction is as follows:
Carbon: as the principal element forming graphite pebbles, effectively can control graphite number and graphite size, simultaneously, suitable carbon equivalent can make iron liquid be easy to flowing, increases the cavity filling ability of iron liquid, reduces Shrinkage cavity, improve the compactness of foundry goods, but carbon content is too high, easily produce graphite floatation, affect the performance of cast iron.
Silicon: promote graphited element as strong, the effect bred can be played again.Higher silicon content has very large benefit to the cast of foundry goods and from feeding.Silicone content is high, and to being formed, globular graphite is favourable, but silicone content more than 3.0% time, impelling strength can sharply reduce.
Manganese: can expand austenitic area, enhances austenitic stability; Be solid-solubilized in matrix and carbide, can matrix be strengthened, improve hardness, improve the hardening capacity of matrix.But higher manganese content can cause coarse grains, and the border being very easily enriched to eutectic cell forms perlite or carbide.Time serious, carbide is formed netted, greatly have impact on the toughness of material.Because tup requires to have higher toughness, so should control Fe content.
Chromium: can improve hardening capacity is carbide forming element simultaneously, and in spheroidal graphite cast iron, it can generate M with carbon
3c type carbide as effective Hard Inclusion Dispersed precipitate on matrix, can improve hardness and the fastness to rubbing of material.Find to confirm through test: containing Cr0.5%, carbide accounts for 15 ~ 20%, practical requirement.
Molybdenum: the hardening capacity that strongly can improve material.After adding molybdenum, austenite is obstructed to perlitic transformation, and reduces pearlitic critical temperature, carries out isothermal quenching at a lower temperature, can be relatively easy to obtain ferritic structure.On the other hand, molybdenum is the positive segregation element that partition ratio is lower, be 0.39%, therefore the interpolation of molybdenum should control below 0.4% at austenite center content, and with copper, nickel with the use of.
Copper: can expand austenite phase field, improves graphite pebbles shape and increases graphite pebbles number.Having good hardening capacity, is negative segregation element, brings negative impact when iron liquid can weaken when eutectic point solidifies by the positive segregation of molybdenum, manganese, reduces white-bright zone, promotes the homogenizing of tissue.
Nickel: effectively can expand austenite phase field, improves stabilization of austenite, has good hardening capacity, so obviously can improve the mechanical property of matrix simultaneously.
The present invention adopts carbide-containing austempering ductile iron to prepare tup, and it is as a kind of excellent mechanical engineering material, has that hardness is high, good toughness, the lightweight and feature such as flat, damping, can make up the shortcoming of high mangaenese steel and rich chromium cast iron tup with not enough.And thermal treatment process is very large on the impact of the structure and properties of carbide-containing austempering ductile iron, different austenitizing conditions and isothermal parameters, all can produce obvious performance difference.
Due to coal gangue lower hardness, and it is more crisp, in the process of hammer crushing crusher machine, surging force is less, the work hardening capacity of the preparation method of austempering ductile iron tup lower than carbide-containing austempering ductile iron abrading-ball, therefore should ensure after preparation method's thermal treatment of austempering ductile iron tup that it has higher initial hardness and suitable impelling strength.
And carbide-containing austempering ductile iron is in recent years by the derivative a kind of novel ductile iron material of austempering ductile iron.The basis of austempering ductile iron adds strong carbide, makes Dispersed precipitate in bainite+austenitic matrix M
3c type chromium carbide.When austenitizing temperature is higher, when in austenite, carbon content is higher, austenite is more stable, there is in final tissue more high-carbon residual austenite, when isothermal temperature is higher, austenite is not easily transformed into acicular ferrite and martensite, also makes to have more high-carbon residual austenite in final tissue; And austenite structure can improve the impelling strength of material, but the hardness of material can be reduced; In heat treatment process, impelling strength and scale of hardness reveal vie each other, the process of dynamic change, therefore, according to alloying constituent adjustment heat treating regime, the relation of balance-impact toughness and hardness becomes the key obtaining good over-all properties; In the present invention, the soaking time of austenitizing temperature, austempering temperature, austenitizing time, isothermal quenching is considered by entirety, disclose the relation between four processing parameters, by considering four processing parameters, optimize system of heat treatment process, make material have good over-all properties.Hardness of the present invention can reach HRC55, and ballistic work can reach 39.3J, realistic Production requirement.
Embodiment
Below, by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup that the present invention proposes, comprises the steps:
S1, melting: raw material is placed in smelting furnace and is warming up to molten state, modified, come out of the stove and obtain aluminium alloy, tapping temperature is 1450 DEG C; The compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.52%, silicon: 2.60%, manganese: 0.40%, chromium: 0.45%, molybdenum: 0.26%, copper: 0.52%, nickel: 0.39%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, and all the other are iron;
S2, cast: aluminium alloy is carried out cast and obtains tup base substrate, teeming temperature is 1350 DEG C;
S3, thermal treatment: heated up by tup base substrate and carry out austenitizing, be then incubated 1.8h, isothermal quenching obtains shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup, and isothermal quenching time is 4.2h; Wherein austenitizing temperature T
a=920+K
1× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon)/6.1, austempering temperature T
d=220+K
2× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon); K
1value be 15, austenitizing temperature is 935 DEG C, K
2value be 6, austempering temperature is 256.7 DEG C, n
carbonand n
siliconbe respectively weight percent shared by carbon and element silicon in aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of a kind of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup that the present invention proposes, comprises the steps:
S1, melting: raw material is placed in smelting furnace and is warming up to molten state, modified, come out of the stove and obtain aluminium alloy, tapping temperature is 1480 DEG C; The compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.58%, silicon: 2.50%, manganese: 0.35%, chromium: 0.48%, molybdenum: 0.23%, copper: 0.55%, nickel: 0.36%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, and all the other are iron;
S2, cast: aluminium alloy is carried out cast and obtains tup base substrate, teeming temperature is 1440 DEG C;
S3, thermal treatment: heated up by tup base substrate and carry out austenitizing, be then incubated 2.2h, isothermal quenching obtains shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup, and isothermal quenching time is 3.8h; Wherein austenitizing temperature T
a=920+K
1× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon)/6.1, austempering temperature T
d=220+K
2× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon); K
1value be 20, austenitizing temperature is 940 DEG C, K
2value be 5, austempering temperature is 250.4 DEG C, n
carbonand n
siliconbe respectively weight percent shared by carbon and element silicon in aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of a kind of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup that the present invention proposes, comprises the steps:
S1, melting: raw material is placed in smelting furnace and is warming up to molten state, modified, come out of the stove and obtain aluminium alloy, tapping temperature is 1470 DEG C; The compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.54%, silicon: 2.58%, manganese: 0.36%, chromium: 0.47%, molybdenum: 0.24%, copper: 0.54%, nickel: 0.37%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, and all the other are iron;
S2, cast: aluminium alloy is carried out cast and obtains tup base substrate, teeming temperature is 1420 DEG C;
S3, thermal treatment: heated up by tup base substrate and carry out austenitizing, be then incubated 2h, isothermal quenching obtains shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup, and isothermal quenching time is 4h; Wherein austenitizing temperature T
a=920+K
1× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon)/6.1, austempering temperature T
d=220+K
2× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon); K
1value be 16, austenitizing temperature is 936 DEG C, K
2value be 5.6, austempering temperature is 254.3 DEG C, n
carbonand n
siliconbe respectively weight percent shared by carbon and element silicon in aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of a kind of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup that the present invention proposes, comprises the steps:
S1, melting: raw material is placed in smelting furnace and is warming up to molten state, modified, come out of the stove and obtain aluminium alloy, tapping temperature is 1460 DEG C; The compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.56%, silicon: 2.55%, manganese: 0.38%, chromium: 0.46%, molybdenum: 0.25%, copper: 0.53%, nickel: 0.38%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, and all the other are iron;
S2, cast: aluminium alloy is carried out cast and obtains tup base substrate, teeming temperature is 1380 DEG C;
S3, thermal treatment: heated up by tup base substrate and carry out austenitizing, be then incubated 2h, isothermal quenching obtains shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup, and isothermal quenching time is 4h; Wherein austenitizing temperature T
a=920+K
1× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon)/6.1, austempering temperature T
d=220+K
2× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon); K
1value be 18, austenitizing temperature is 938 DEG C, K
2value be 5.4, austempering temperature is 253 DEG C, n
carbonand n
siliconbe respectively weight percent shared by carbon and element silicon in aluminium alloy.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S1, melting: raw material is placed in smelting furnace and is warming up to molten state, modified, come out of the stove and obtain aluminium alloy; The compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.52 ~ 3.58%, silicon: 2.50 ~ 2.60%, manganese: 0.35 ~ 0.40%, chromium: 0.45 ~ 0.48%, molybdenum: 0.23 ~ 0.26%, copper: 0.52 ~ 0.55%, nickel: 0.36 ~ 0.39%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, all the other are iron;
S2, cast: aluminium alloy is carried out cast and obtains tup base substrate, teeming temperature >=1350 DEG C;
S3, thermal treatment: heated up by tup base substrate and carry out austenitizing, be then incubated, isothermal quenching obtains shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup; Wherein austenitizing temperature T
a=920+K
1× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon)/6.1, austempering temperature T
d=220+K
2× 100 × (n
carbon+ n
silicon); K
1value be 15 ~ 20, K
2value be 5 ~ 6, n
carbonand n
siliconbe respectively weight percent shared by carbon and element silicon in aluminium alloy.
2. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the aluminium alloy of S1, the weight ratio of carbon and chromium element is 3.54 ~ 3.56:0.46 ~ 0.47.
3. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in the aluminium alloy of S1, the weight ratio of manganese element, copper and nickel element is 0.36 ~ 0.38:0.53 ~ 0.54:0.37 ~ 0.38.
4. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, in S1, the compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy comprises: carbon: 3.54 ~ 3.56%, silicon: 2.55 ~ 2.58%, manganese: 0.36 ~ 0.38%, chromium: 0.46 ~ 0.47%, molybdenum: 0.24 ~ 0.25%, copper: 0.53 ~ 0.54%, nickel: 0.37 ~ 0.38%, phosphorus :≤0.05%, sulphur :≤0.03%, all the other are iron.
5. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, in S1, tapping temperature is 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, in S3, and K
1value be 16 ~ 18, K
2value be 5.4 ~ 5.6.
7. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, in S3, soaking time is 1.8 ~ 2.2h.
8. the preparation method of shock-resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron tup according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, in S3, isothermal quenching time is 3.8 ~ 4.2h.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109530819A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-29 | 无锡市恒翼通机械有限公司 | The manufacturing method of harmonic wave speed reducing machine firm gear |
| CN110257728A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant grinder hammerhead and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101288875A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-22 | 长江润发集团有限公司 | Processing technique of hot rolling section steel for high precision lift guide rail |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109530819A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-29 | 无锡市恒翼通机械有限公司 | The manufacturing method of harmonic wave speed reducing machine firm gear |
| CN110257728A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant grinder hammerhead and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105483510B (en) | 2018-01-23 |
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