CN105474827B - 一种抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法 - Google Patents

一种抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法 Download PDF

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CN105474827B
CN105474827B CN201510937917.9A CN201510937917A CN105474827B CN 105474827 B CN105474827 B CN 105474827B CN 201510937917 A CN201510937917 A CN 201510937917A CN 105474827 B CN105474827 B CN 105474827B
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seed
drought
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temperature resistance
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CN105474827A (zh
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李从锋
赵明
周培禄
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Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法，所述抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法包括如下步骤：将作物种子放置于水浴锅中进行水浴处理；水浴处理后通过种子处理剂进行外表面包衣处理；包衣后的种子放置于鼓风干燥箱中进行干燥处理，本发明的抗低温抗干旱种子处理剂在作物出苗期或苗期具有良好的抗低温、抗干旱能力，具有提高作物出苗率、发芽势的优势；种子处理剂的制备方法的配方原料来源广泛，价格低廉，易于在生产中进行大面积推广；本发明的抗低温抗干旱种子处理剂在低温干旱条件下对作物苗期胁迫有明显的抗逆作用。

Description

一种抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法
技术领域
本发明属于植物生长调节剂领域，具体涉及一种抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法。
背景技术
作物播种后遇到低温干旱会影响种子萌发，使发芽进程减缓，降低发芽势和发芽率，延迟出苗并降低幼苗活力；播种至出苗期间低温不但使出苗推迟，还会影响苗全苗齐苗壮，使作物易遭受苗期低温危害，生长发育受影响，明显降低种子的发芽势和发芽率，且发芽势降低的幅度大于发芽率；种子发芽后遇到低温，会显著抑制植株营养体的生长和发育进程，抑制程度随低温持续时间的延长而加重，有研究表明SOD酶活性与植物抗逆性(抗寒、抗旱等)及耐受性(耐高温、耐脱水等)有极为密切的关系。
种子处理剂是一类用于种子表面处理的农药，有效成分主要是杀虫剂或杀菌剂，目前在作物播种前均会对种子进行种子包衣处理，具有防治作物苗期病虫鼠害、提高幼苗成活率等作用，目前生产上许多种子处理剂、包衣剂，虽能在一定程度上提高种子抗性，但多数集中在种子的抗病抗虫方面的效果，对提高低温干旱条件下的芽率、芽势，促壮苗早发，提升植株生长发育及增产增收方面效果不佳，因此，增强作物苗期抗低温干旱的能力对保证作物抗逆保苗和高产稳产具有极其重要的意义。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提出一种抗低温抗干旱种子处理剂及其种子处理方法，该种子处理剂在作物出苗期或苗期具有良好的抗低温、抗干旱能力，具有提高作物出苗率、发芽势的优势。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：所述作物种子经过种子处理剂包衣、风干后进行播种；所述抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法具体包括如下步骤：
(1)将种子放置于水浴锅中进行水浴处理；
(2)水浴处理后通过种子处理剂进行外表面包衣处理；
(3)包衣后的种子放置于鼓风干燥箱中进行干燥处理。
进一步的，所述步骤(1)中水浴处理温度为50-85℃。
进一步的，所述步骤(1)中水浴处理时间为5-60秒。
进一步的，所述步骤(3)中干燥时间为45-60秒。
进一步的，所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为35-45℃。
进一步的，每升蒸馏水中添加有如下组分，20-70mg的赤霉素，50-70mg的脯氨酸，20-70mg的6-BA。
进一步的，所述抗低温抗干旱种子处理剂中还添加70-80mg/L的成膜剂。
进一步的，所述的成膜剂为种衣剂成膜剂。
相对于现有技术，本发明的抗低温抗干旱种子处理剂在作物出苗期或苗期具有良好的抗低温、抗干旱能力，具有提高作物出苗率、发芽势的优势；种子处理剂的制备方法的配方原料来源广泛，价格低廉，易于在生产中进行大面积推广；本发明的抗低温抗干旱种子处理剂在低温干旱条件下对作物苗期胁迫有明显的抗逆作用。
具体实施方式
具体实施例
将玉米种子放置于水浴锅中进行水浴处理；为水浴处理后通过种子处理剂进行外表面包衣处理；种子处理剂组分比例为：30mg/L的赤霉素，60mg/L的脯氨酸，30mg/L的6-BA，70-80mg/L的种衣剂成膜剂，余量为水。包衣后的种子放置于鼓风干燥箱中进行干燥处理，干燥时间为45-60秒，干燥温度为35-45℃。
对比试验为不经过水浴，直接进行种子处理剂外表面包衣处理；种子处理剂组分比例为：30mg/L的赤霉素，60mg/L的脯氨酸，30mg/L的6-BA，70-80mg/L的种衣剂成膜剂，余量为水。包衣后的种子放置于鼓风干燥箱中进行干燥处理，干燥时间为45-60秒，干燥温度为35-45℃。
表1不同水浴温度和时间处理的种子发芽率
温度/时间 对比 5S 10S 20S 30S 40S 50S
50℃ 81.50 83.00 90.00 85.00 73.00 87.00 90.00
70℃ 86.00 93.00 85.00 92.00 89.00 85.00
85℃ 93.00 81.00 69.00 58.00 22.00 5.00
表2不同水浴温度和时间处理的玉米种子发芽势
温度/时间 CK 5S 10S 20S 30S 40S 50S
50℃ 80.50 77.00 87.00 85.00 70.00 85.00 89.00
70℃ - 82.00 91.00 90.50 91.00 84.00 84.00
85℃ - 93.00 73.00 55.00 58.00 16.00 5.00
将经过不同处理的玉米种子进行盆栽试验，不同温度不同时间的水浴处理对种子的发芽率和发芽势有显著的影响，其中水浴温度70℃，水浴时间10S-30S，水浴温度85℃，水浴时间5S，处理后的种子具有较高的发芽率和发芽势。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法，其特征在于：所述抗低温抗干旱种子的处理方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将作物种子放置于水浴锅中进行水浴处理；
(2)水浴处理后通过种子处理剂进行外表面包衣处理；
(3)包衣后的种子放置于鼓风干燥箱中进行干燥处理；
所述步骤(1)中水浴温度为70℃，对应的水浴时间为10-30s或所述水浴温度为85℃，对应的水浴时间为5s；
所述步骤(3)中干燥时间为45-60秒；
所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为35-45℃；
所述种子处理剂为每升蒸馏水中添加有如下组分，20-70mg的赤霉素，50-70mg的脯氨酸，20-70mg的6-BA和70-80mg的成膜剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗低温抗干旱种子处理方法，特征在于：所述的成膜剂为种衣剂成膜剂。
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