CN114946859A - 一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂及其制备方法和使用方法 - Google Patents
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂及其制备方法和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂及其制备方法和使用方法。所述抗旱包衣剂由包括如下的组分制备得到:每100mL水中,有占水质量1.5~2%的成膜剂、占水质量1.0.3%的乳化剂、占水质量0.05%的消泡剂和占水质量0.06~0.3%的植物生长调节剂。本发明配方简洁科学,材料来源广、成本低;本发明能有效促进大麻苗生长、增强抗逆性、提高成苗率,节省种子。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于工业大麻栽培技术领域,尤其涉及一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂及其制备方法和使用方法。
背景技术
全球性气候不断变化导致世界各地缺水问题日益严重,进而引发干旱。干旱作为重要的非生物胁迫因子之一,其发生周期短,程度重,对粮食生产构成严重威胁,制约着我国农业的发展。大麻是世界上最古老的一年生草本植物之一,在中国有数千年的种植历史。δ-9-四氢大麻酚(THC)含量低于0.3%的大麻称之为工业大麻,允许在我国种植。工业大麻作为我国传统的多用途、多功能经济作物,其种子、纤维以及花叶被广泛应用于多个领域中。干旱胁迫会降低大麻种子的发芽势和发芽率,抑制种子胚芽和胚根生长,进而影响发芽指数和活力指数。黑龙江地区大麻播种时期气候干旱,降水较少,严重影响种子发芽出苗情况。因此,如何提高工业大麻种子在发芽出苗阶段的抗旱性是目前非常重要和紧迫的任务。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明的目的在于提出一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂及其制备方法和使用方法。本发明主要是应用一些具有抗氧化效果,可以应对胁迫的植物生长调节剂,将其用包膜技术包在种子表皮,待播种后,这些抗氧化剂发挥效果,启动种子抗旱效应,调控种子应对干旱胁迫的能力,从而缓解干旱胁迫,提高发芽率和长势。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由包括如下的组分制备得到:每100mL水中,有占水质量1.5~2%的成膜剂、占水质量1.0.3%的乳化剂、占水质量0.05%的消泡剂和占水质量0.06~0.3%的植物生长调节剂。
优选的,一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由包括如下的组分制备得到:每100mL水中,有占水质量1.5~2%的成膜剂、占水质量1.0.3%的乳化剂、占水质量0.05%的消泡剂、占水质量0.06~0.3%的植物生长调节剂和占水质量0.1%的着色剂。
优选的,所述着色剂为胭脂红。
优选的,所述成膜剂为羧甲基纤维素钠或聚乙烯醇。
优选的,所述聚乙烯醇为PEG-6000。
优选的,所述乳化剂为十二烷基磺酸钠。
优选的,所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯。
优选的,所述植物生长调节剂为赤霉素、抗坏血酸、脯氨酸和褪黑素中的至少一种。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将成膜剂和乳化剂溶于水中并加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入植物生长调节剂,然后搅拌均,最后加入消泡剂即可。
优选的,所述加热的温度为40~60℃。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的使用方法,包括如下步骤:将所述工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂与大麻种子混匀后静置后晾干即可,所述大麻种子与工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的质量体积比为1~2g/mL。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果包括:
(1)本发明配方简洁科学,材料来源广、成本低。本发明配方经过大量实验并优化配方,配方简洁且效果显著;所用原材料均可在市场上采购获得,原材料成本低、来源广。
(2)本发明含有植物生长调节剂等活性成分,能有效促进大麻苗生长、增强抗逆性、提高成苗率,节省种子。
(3)本发明耐旱出苗效果显著,成膜剂可以将一些固体或液体材料包裹在种子外表,形成一层能够保护种子或为种子增强活力提供有效成分的包衣。赤霉素作为重要植物激素,在植物抗旱方面具有重要作用,可诱导与抗逆性形成相关的基因表达和蛋白质的合成。在种子萌发过程中,能破除种子休眠,促进淀粉酶和其他水解酶的合成,并对受损的细胞膜起一定的修复作用。褪黑素、抗坏血酸、褪黑素以及脯氨酸不仅参与植物的各种生理功能,而且在缓解包括干旱在内的各种非生物胁迫方面发挥着重要作用。可以有效缓解渗透胁迫对种子萌发的抑制作用,促进根系生长,增强根系活力进而提高了对水分胁迫的耐受性。
附图说明
图1为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例1制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图2为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例2制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图3为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例3制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图4为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例4制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图5为对照组B、PEG组B和实施例5制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图6为实施例1和实施例3制得的抗旱包衣剂处理大麻种子同未处理过的大麻种子的实物照片图,其中A图对应未处理的大麻种子,B图对应实施例1,C图对应实施例3。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例所述的大麻种子为皖大麻1号。
实施例1
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由如下的组分制备得到:
蒸馏水100mL
占蒸馏水质量1.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.3%的十二烷基磺酸钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.05%的磷酸三丁酯;
占蒸馏水质量0.06%的赤霉素;
占蒸馏水质量0.1%的抗坏血酸。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将羧甲基纤维素钠和十二烷基磺酸钠溶于100mL蒸馏水中并在60℃下加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入赤霉素(赤霉素需1mL酒精溶解)和抗坏血酸,然后搅拌均,最后加入磷酸三丁酯即可。
实施例2
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由如下的组分制备得到:
蒸馏水100mL
占蒸馏水质量1.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.3%的十二烷基磺酸钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.05%的磷酸三丁酯;
占蒸馏水质量0.06%的赤霉素;
占蒸馏水质量0.3%的脯氨酸。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将羧甲基纤维素钠和十二烷基磺酸钠溶于100mL蒸馏水中并在60℃下加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入赤霉素(赤霉素需1mL酒精溶解)和脯氨酸,然后搅拌均,最后加入磷酸三丁酯即可。
实施例3
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由如下的组分制备得到:
蒸馏水100mL
占蒸馏水质量2%的聚乙烯醇(PEG-6000);
占蒸馏水质量0.3%的十二烷基磺酸钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.05%的磷酸三丁酯;
占蒸馏水质量0.06%的赤霉素;
占蒸馏水质量0.2%的抗坏血酸;
占蒸馏水质量0.1%的胭脂红。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将聚乙烯醇、十二烷基磺酸钠和胭脂红溶于100mL蒸馏水中并在60℃下加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入赤霉素(赤霉素需1mL酒精溶解)和抗坏血酸,然后搅拌均,最后加入磷酸三丁酯即可。
实施例4
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由如下的组分制备得到:
蒸馏水100mL
占蒸馏水质量2%的聚乙烯醇(PEG-6000);
占蒸馏水质量0.3%的十二烷基磺酸钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.05%的磷酸三丁酯;
占蒸馏水质量0.06%的赤霉素;
占蒸馏水质量0.1%的胭脂红;
在水中浓度为100μM的褪黑素。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将聚乙烯醇、十二烷基磺酸钠和胭脂红溶于100mL蒸馏水中并在60℃下加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入赤霉素(赤霉素需1mL酒精溶解)和褪黑素,然后搅拌均,最后加入磷酸三丁酯即可。
按照如下的方式处理大麻种子:
对照组A:选取12*12cm的发芽盒,铺两层发芽纸,加入大麻种子,加入10ml蒸馏水,将发芽盒放于光照培养箱中进行培养(光照12h,温度26℃),于第12天取样观察幼苗生长情况。
PEG组A:配置质量浓度为15%的PEG(PEG-6000)溶液,选取12*12cm的发芽盒,铺两层发芽纸,加入大麻种子,发芽盒加入10mL配置得到的PEG溶液,将发芽盒放于光照培养箱中进行培养(光照12h,温度26℃),于第12天取样观察幼苗生长情况。
实验组A:将所述实施例1~4所制备的工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂分别与大麻种子混匀后静置后晾干即可,所述大麻种子与工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的质量体积比为1g/mL,制备得到包衣剂处理后的大麻种子。选取12*12cm的发芽盒,铺两层发芽纸,加入所述包衣剂处理后的大麻种子,加入10mL浓度为15wt%PEG溶液(PEG-6000),将发芽盒放于光照培养箱中进行培养(光照12h,温度26℃),于第12天取样观察幼苗生长情况。
对于实施例1~4,对照组、PEG组和实验组每组做4个平行实验,每次平行实验结束后,选取最能体现该组该次幼苗生长情况的大麻苗,测量其茎长。
图1为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例1制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图2为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例2制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图3为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例3制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
图4为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例4制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
表1为对照组A、PEG组A和实施例1~4制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗的茎长测试结果。
表1茎长测试结果
实施例5
一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,由如下的组分制备得到:
蒸馏水100mL
占蒸馏水质量2%的聚乙烯醇(PEG-6000);
占蒸馏水质量0.3%的十二烷基磺酸钠;
占蒸馏水质量0.05%的磷酸三丁酯;
占蒸馏水质量0.06%的赤霉素;
占蒸馏水质量0.1%的胭脂红;
在水中浓度为200μM的褪黑素。
上述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将聚乙烯醇、十二烷基磺酸钠和胭脂红溶于100mL蒸馏水中并在60℃下加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入赤霉素(赤霉素需1mL酒精溶解)和褪黑素,然后搅拌均,最后加入磷酸三丁酯即可。
参考上述对照组和PEG组,重新做对照组和PEG组(实验步骤不变),的得到对照组B和PEG组B,与此同时,将实验组A中的抗旱包衣剂替换为实施例5制得的产物,其他操作同实验组A,得到实验组B。图5为对照组B、PEG组B和实施例5制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗实物照片图。
表2为对照组B、PEG组B和实施例5制得的抗旱包衣剂对应的大麻幼苗培养12天后的幼苗的茎长测试结果。
表2茎长测试结果
结合图1~5和表1和表2的结果,对照组A和B对应未包衣未干旱胁迫的情况,PEG组A和B对应未包衣下进行PEG模拟干旱胁迫,而实施例1~5则对应包衣下进行PEG模拟干旱胁迫的情况。我们可以看出,经过本发明所述包衣剂处理后的大麻种子,在干旱胁迫下,其幼苗的茎长明显长于未包衣的大麻种子;并且,相比没有干旱的胁迫的大麻种子,其幼苗的生长情况也相对较好。
实施例1和实施例3制得的抗旱包衣剂处理大麻种子同未处理过的大麻种子的实物照片图见图6。从图6可以看出:使用本发明制得的包衣剂处理过的种子表面更光滑。
以上所述本发明的具体实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,由包括如下的组分制备得到:每100mL水中,有占水质量1.5~2%的成膜剂、占水质量1.0.3%的乳化剂、占水质量0.05%的消泡剂和占水质量0.06~0.3%的植物生长调节剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,由包括如下的组分制备得到:每100mL水中,有占水质量1.5~2%的成膜剂、占水质量1.0.3%的乳化剂、占水质量0.05%的消泡剂、占水质量0.06~0.3%的植物生长调节剂和占水质量0.1%的着色剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,所述植物生长调节剂为赤霉素、抗坏血酸、脯氨酸和褪黑素中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,所述成膜剂为羧甲基纤维素钠或聚乙烯醇。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,所述乳化剂为十二烷基磺酸钠。
6.根据权利要求5所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯。
7.根据权利要求4所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂,其特征在于,所述聚乙烯醇为PEG-6000;所述着色剂为胭脂红。
8.权利要求1~7任一项所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将成膜剂和乳化剂溶于水中并加热搅拌溶解,待其冷却至室温后,加入植物生长调节剂,然后搅拌均,最后加入消泡剂即可。
9.根据权利要求8所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加热的温度为40~60℃。
10.权利要求1~7任一项所述一种工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的使用方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将所述工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂与大麻种子混匀后静置后晾干即可,所述大麻种子与工业大麻种子抗旱包衣剂的质量体积比为1~2g/mL。
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