CN105473747B - The Aluminum alloy extrusion material and its manufacturing method of excellent in machinability - Google Patents
The Aluminum alloy extrusion material and its manufacturing method of excellent in machinability Download PDFInfo
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- CN105473747B CN105473747B CN201480046489.4A CN201480046489A CN105473747B CN 105473747 B CN105473747 B CN 105473747B CN 201480046489 A CN201480046489 A CN 201480046489A CN 105473747 B CN105473747 B CN 105473747B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention provides one kind and does not hinder productivity, obtains the smooth Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood of no seizure ground surface.For containing the mass of Si:2.0~6.0 %, the mass of Mg:0.3~1.2 %, the mass of Ti:0.01~0.2 %, Fe content is limited in 0.2 mass % or less, the aluminum alloy blank that surplus is made of Al and inevitable impurity, keep with 500~550 DEG C 4~15 hours homogenize process, with 50 DEG C/h or more of average cooling rate, pressure is cooled to 250 DEG C of temperature below, it is heated to 450~500 DEG C, hot extrusion is carried out with the extruder rate of 3~10m/min, cooling is forced with 50 DEG C/sec or more of average cooling rate for squeeze wood, carry out ageing treatment.10 mean roughness Rz that surface can be manufactured are 80 μm of squeeze woods below.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be suitable for largely using the high intensity of the machine components of machining etc. and cutting during manufacture
The excellent Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood of cutting property and its manufacturing method.
Background technique
In Patent Documents 1 to 4, description has cutting Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood.Aluminium alloy is used in these cuttings
Squeeze wood adds the Si of 1.5 mass % or more in order to improve machinability, makes the Si system crystallization object as the second phase hard particles
(Si phase) is largely distributed in the base.
[advanced technical literature]
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 9-249931 bulletin
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 10-8175 bulletin
Patent document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-47525 bulletin
Patent document 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2003-147468 bulletin
The cutting Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy, makes Si and Mg in process of setting2Si crystallization, in addition, making as not
Evitable impurity and acicular β-AlFeSi based compound (β-AlFeSi phase) crystallization that the Fe and Al and Si for including are constituted.
The microscope macrograph of the blank before homogenize process is indicated in Fig. 1.Band-like Si phase (grey) connection reticulates, in it
Portion's spot distribution has Mg2Si phase (black) is formed with acicular β-AlFeSi phase (white) along Si phase.If squeezing the Al-Mg-Si
Line aluminium alloy blank, then seizure (peeling) occurs for squeeze wood, has the flatness on squeeze wood surface to be damaged such problems.
Why seizure occurs for Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood, is based on following such reason.
The band-like Si phase of blank before being present in extruding, the deformation of the material as caused by squeezing and material and drawing pass
Heat release is processed caused by the friction of sizing band portion, with Al phase and Mg2Eutectic reaction occurs for Si phase, and partial melting thus occurs.By
In squeeze wood by the shearing force being subject to when die bearing portion, leading to fusion point is starting point, the material (quilt on squeeze wood surface
The structure cell that Si phase is surrounded) it falls off, seizure occurs.
Additionally, there are the acicular β-AlFeSi phase in the blank before extruding, due to the processing heat release of extruding, with
Mg2Peritectic reaction occurs for Si phase, thus leads to partial melting.If the partial melting continuously occurs and is connected, due to
Squeeze wood is occurred by the shearing force that is subject to when die bearing portion, the material falls back on squeeze wood surface, seizure.
Though the inner peripheral surface of mould has carried out mirror finish, if seizure occurs, the rough surface of squeeze wood, and flatness funeral
It loses.
Based on Si phase, Al phase and Mg2The seizure of the eutectic reaction of Si phase, can by for squeeze before blank with 500
~550 DEG C carry out 4 hours or more homogenize process, and the Si phase of band-like crystallization is made to disconnect (spheroidizing) and reduce.
On the other hand, β-AlFeSi phase and Mg are based on2The seizure of the peritectic reaction of Si phase, can be by 500 DEG C or more
The homogenize process for carrying out (being 50 hours or so when Si amount and more Fe amount) for a long time, makes β-AlFeSi phase αization (spheroidizing), or
It reduces extruder rate and makes to process thermal discharge reduction and reduce.But prolonged homogenize process hinders productivity, at
Also unfavorable in sheet, the reduction of extruder rate also hinders productivity.
Summary of the invention
Present invention shape in view of topic point between adjoint above-mentioned of manufacture of cutting Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood
At it is intended that it is flat that no seizure ground surface will not be obtained with the reduction of prolonged homogenize process and extruder rate
Sliding Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood.
Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood of the invention, which is characterized in that containing Si:2.0~6.0 mass %, Mg:
0.3~1.2 mass %, Ti:0.01~0.2 mass %, Fe content is limited in 0.2 mass % hereinafter, surplus is by Al and can not keep away
The impurity exempted from is constituted, 5 μm of diameter or more of AlFeSi particle have in every 50 × 50 μm of area 20 hereinafter, and 2 μ of diameter
The Mg of m or more2Si particle have in every 50 × 50 μm of area 20 hereinafter, 10 mean roughness Rz on squeeze wood surface are
80 μm or less.Above-mentioned Aluminum alloy extrusion material, as needed, additionally it is possible to containing Mn:0.1~the 1.0 mass matter of % and Cu:0.1~0.4
Measure one or more of %.Above-mentioned Aluminum alloy extrusion material, as needed, additionally it is possible to containing Cr:0.03~0.1 mass % and Zr:
One or more of 0.03~0.1 mass %.
The manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood of the invention, which is characterized in that for above-mentioned composition
Aluminum alloy blank, carry out keeping 4~15 hours homogenize process with 500~550 DEG C, with 50 DEG C/h or more be averaged
Cooling velocity pressure is cooled to 250 DEG C of temperature below, is heated to 450~500 DEG C, is carried out with the extruder rate of 3~10m/min
Hot extrusion is forced to cool down with 50 DEG C/sec or more of average cooling rate for squeeze wood, carries out ageing treatment.According to this system
Method is made, above-mentioned Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood of the invention can be obtained.
It according to the present invention, will not be with long in the manufacture of the Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood more than Si comparision contents
The reduction of the homogenize process and extruder rate of time, and seizure reduction can be obtained, having 10 mean roughness Rz is 80 μ
The Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood of the excellent in machinability on the smooth surface below m.
Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood of the invention, because high-intensitive and excellent in machinability, and smooth surface, institute
It is good with appearance, therefore the processing capacity of cutting can be reduced, it according to circumstances, can be by a part on the surface of squeeze wood directly
(not cutting) uses as product surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope macrograph of the blank before homogenize process.
Fig. 2A is the scanning electron microscope macrograph after the homogenize process of the blank of embodiment No.1.
Fig. 2 B is the scanning electron microscope macrograph of the squeeze wood obtained by the blank of embodiment No.1.
Fig. 3 A is the scanning electron microscope macrograph after the homogenize process of the blank of embodiment No.12.
Fig. 3 B is the scanning electron microscope macrograph of the squeeze wood obtained by the blank of embodiment No.12.
Fig. 4 A is the scanning electron microscope macrograph after the homogenize process of the blank of embodiment No.13.
Fig. 4 B is the scanning electron microscope macrograph of the squeeze wood obtained by the blank of embodiment No.13.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, being illustrated in more detail for Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood of the invention and its manufacturing method.
(composition of aluminium alloy)
Aluminium alloy of the invention has feature in the following areas, containing Si:2.0~6.0 mass %, Mg:0.3~1.2
The quality mass % of %, Ti:0.01~0.2, surplus are made of Al and inevitable impurity.The aluminium alloy also contains as needed
One or more of the mass mass of % and Cu:0.1~0.4 of Mn:0.1~1.0 % also contains the matter of Cr:0.03~0.1 as needed
Measure one or more of the mass of % and Zr:0.03~0.1 %.The composition ontology of the aluminium alloy is well known, but in the present invention,
The content of Fe among inevitable impurity is limited in 0.2 mass % or less.Hereinafter, for each of aluminium alloy of the invention
Ingredient is illustrated.
The mass of Si:2.0~6.0 %
Si forms the Si system crystallization object (Si phase) as the second phase hard particles in aluminium, keeps the disconnection of chip good,
Improve machinability.For this purpose, Si needs the 2 mass % or more added be more than to the solid solution capacity of aluminium.On the other hand, if addition Si high
In 6 mass %, then coarse Si phase is formed, Si phase, Al phase and Mg2The eutectic reaction of Si phase causes to melt starting point reduction.For
The generation for preventing the partial melting and seizure that come with the reduction of melting starting point needs to inhibit processing heat release when squeezing
Amount, therefore there are the needs for reducing extruder rate.Therefore, Si content is 2.0~6.0 mass %.The lower limit of Si content is preferred
For 3.5 mass %, the upper limit is preferably 4.5 mass %.
The mass of Mg:0.3~1.2 %
Mg is handled by Precipitation as fine Mg2Si is precipitated, and improves intensity.For this purpose, Mg preferably adds 0.3
Quality % or more.On the other hand, Mg2Si is also used as crystallization object to be formed in solidification, anti-with β-AlFeSi generation peritectoid when extruding
Answer and make partial melting, this become seizure the reason of.If Mg content is higher than 1.2 mass %, Mg2The crystallization object of Si is a large amount of
It is formed, seizure is easy to happen.Therefore, Mg content is 0.3~1.2 mass %.The lower limit of Mg content is preferably 0.5 mass %, on
Limit is preferably 0.9 mass %.
The mass of Ti:0.01~0.2 %
Ti miniaturize cast sturcture and stabilizes mechanical property, therefore and be added, but be lower than 0.01 matter
It cannot get this effect when measuring %, on the other hand, added even if above 0.2 mass %, micronized effect will not be mentioned further
It is high.Therefore, Ti content is 0.01~0.2 mass %.The lower limit of Ti content is preferably 0.01 mass %, and the upper limit is preferably 0.1 matter
Measure %.
The mass of Mn:0.1~1.0 %
The mass of Cu:0.1~0.4 %
Mn is precipitated in homogenize process as dispersed particle, keeps the crystal grain of squeeze wood fine, and having makes intensity raising
Effect, therefore be added as needed.When Mn content is lower than 0.1 mass %, it cannot get sufficient effect, on the other hand, if being higher than
1.0 mass % addition, then Squeezing ground reduces.Therefore, Mn content is 0.1~1.0 mass %.The lower limit of Mn content is preferably 0.4
Quality %, the upper limit are preferably 0.8 mass %.
Cu solutionizing and the intensity for improving squeeze wood, therefore replace Mn or be added as needed together with Mn.But Cu
When content is lower than 0.1 mass %, it cannot get sufficient effect, it is on the other hand, corrosion-resistant if adding 0.4 mass % and adding
Property and Squeezing ground reduce.Therefore, Cu content is 0.1~0.4 mass %.The lower limit of Cu content is preferably 0.2 mass %, and the upper limit is excellent
It is selected as 0.3 mass %.
The mass of Cr:0.03~0.1 %
The mass of Zr:0.03~0.1 %
Cr inhibits recrystallization and miniaturize crystal grain, improves the intensity of squeeze wood, therefore be added as needed.But Cr
When content is lower than 0.03 mass %, it cannot get sufficient effect, on the other hand, if being higher than 0.1 mass % and adding, when squeezing
It is easy to happen seizure.Therefore, Cr content is 0.03~0.1 mass %.
Zr inhibits recrystallization and miniaturize crystal grain, improves the intensity of squeeze wood, therefore replace Cr or the basis together with Cr
It needs to add.But Zr content be lower than 0.03 mass % when, cannot get sufficient effect, on the other hand, if be higher than 0.1 matter
Amount % and add, then in homogenize process and the compound coarsening of Al, will be unable to obtain the effect for inhibiting recrystallization.Cause
This, Zr content is 0.03~0.1 mass %.
Fe:0.2 mass % or less
Due to being used as inevitable impurity and existing Fe in aluminium alloy, cooling procedure after casting is produced
β-AlFeSi phase as acicular crystallization object.In order to reduce the amount of the β-AlFeSi in blank, seizure when squeezing is prevented, is needed
It carries out homogenize process and β-AlFeSi is made mutually to carry out αization (spheroidizing), or reduce the Fe content of aluminium alloy.
But in order to make β-AlFeSi phase αization, the prolonged homogenize process of high temperature is needed, productivity is impaired.Relative to
This, when the Fe content of aluminium alloy is limited in 0.2 mass % or less, the production quantity of β-AlFeSi phase is reduced, and passes through following explanation
Manufacturing method, do not have to carry out prolonged homogenize process, it will be able to prevent seizure when squeezing.In addition, in aluminium alloy
The amount of the Fe generally comprised as inevitable impurity is 0.3 mass % or so.
(manufacturing method of Aluminum alloy extrusion material)
Homogenize process condition
The homogenize process of the blank of casting was carried out with 500~550 DEG C × 4~15 hours holding conditions.Why make
Keeping temperature is 500 DEG C or more, and is made the retention time 4 hours or more, is (spherical in order to disconnect the Si phase of band-like crystallization
Change), and make the Mg of crystallization2Si solid solution.Holding temperature is higher and the retention time is longer, the disconnection of Si phase and Mg2The solid solution of Si is got over
Be promoted, in order to reduce seizure and it is preferred that, but higher than 550 DEG C at a temperature of be likely to occur local melting, and more than 15
Then productivity reduces under the retention time of hour.Therefore, homogenize process is in the range of 500~550 DEG C × 4~15 hours
Holding condition carries out.In addition, the αization of β-AlFeSi phase is not reached sufficiently under the conditions of keeping herein.
Cooling condition after homogenize process
After homogenize process, pressure cooling is carried out with 50 DEG C/h or more of average cooling rate for blank.Always,
Blank after homogenize process, is fetched into outside furnace, by letting cool or air-cooled cooled.In practical operation, the blank of high temperature is with big
The poly- state of quantity set is cooled, thus carry out fan it is air-cooled when, cooling velocity is generally speculated as lower than 30 DEG C/h, but is so far
Only the cooling velocity after homogenize process is not all paid attention to especially.By with 50 DEG C/h or more of average cooling
Speed, pressure are cooled to 250 DEG C of temperature below, can be by Mg2The precipitation of Si inhibits in minimum limit (when can prevent from squeezing
The degree that seizure occurs).If reach 250 DEG C hereinafter, if can also let cool room temperature.Preferred average cooling rate is 80
DEG C/h or more, do not gather blank and forcibly carries out that fan is air-cooled to be reached.At this moment more preferably water cooling may achieve
About 100000 DEG C/h of cooling velocity.
Extruding condition
After homogenize process, by billet reheat to 450~500 DEG C, hot extrusion is carried out with the extruder rate of 3~10m/min
Pressure.Because squeeze wood of the invention is solid material (entity material), extrusion ratio is smaller, and processing heat release is not too large, therefore
When squeezing temperature lower than 450 DEG C, the outlet temperature of squeeze wood is not up to required for solid solution 500 DEG C or more.On the other hand, if
It squeezes temperature and is higher than 500 DEG C, then process heat release increase, material temperature rises, and the risk that seizure occurs for squeeze wood occurs.Cause
This, squeezing temperature (heating temperature of blank) is 450~500 DEG C.When extruder rate is lower than 3m/ minutes, productivity is low.Another party
Face, if being higher than 10m/ minute, it is big to process heat release, and material temperature rises, and the risk appearance of seizure occurs for squeeze wood.In addition,
When section has corner, the such phenomenon of the chink line that metal can not extend in corner is easy to happen squeeze wood.Therefore, it extrudes
Speed is 3~10m/ minutes.In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the extrusion ratio (sectional area of extrusion cylinder/extruding outlet section
Product) it is preferably 15~40.
Cooling condition after extruding
Squeeze wood shortly after extruding, from outlet temperature is squeezed to 250 DEG C of temperature below, with 50 DEG C/sec or more
Average cooling rate carries out forcing cooling (die quenching) online.If reaching 250 DEG C hereinafter, can also let cool to room temperature.It is logical
Crossing makes 50 DEG C/sec of average cooling rate or more, prevents Mg2The precipitation of Si.Preferred cooling way is water cooling.
Ageing conditions
Squeeze wood through die quenching carries out ageing treatment.Ageing conditions were at 160~200 DEG C × 2~10 hours
It is carried out in range.
(the AlFeSi particle and Mg of squeeze wood2The number density of Si particle)
Coarse β-AlFeSi particle and Mg in Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood of the invention2The distribution of Si particle
State reflects β-AlFeSi phase and Mg in the blank after homogenize process (after cooling)2The distribution of Si phase.This point ginseng
It is illustrated according to the electron microscope macrograph of Fig. 2A~4B.
Fig. 2A, Fig. 3 A and Fig. 4 A are the β-AlFeSi phase and Mg for indicating the blank of embodiment No.1,12,13 respectively2Si phase
Distribution electron microscope macrograph.β-AlFeSi is mutually as the acicular particle expression of white, Mg2Si phase conduct
The granular particle of black indicates.Fig. 2 B, Fig. 3 B and Fig. 4 B are the AlFeSi indicated as the squeeze wood obtained by these blanks
Particle and Mg2The electron microscope macrograph of the distribution of Si particle.Original β-AlFeSi is mutually disconnected when squeezing, at
For the aggregate of the granular particle of white.
Shown in the table 2 of embodiment as be described hereinafter, in fig. 2b, 5 μm of diameter or more of AlFeSi particle with 2 μm of diameter or more
Mg2Number of the Si particle in unit fixed-area (50 50 μm of μ m), in prescribed limit of the invention.If making Fig. 2 B
Shown in each particle distribution on the basis of, then in figure 3b, the number of 5 μm of diameter or more of AlFeSi particle is relatively more,
Beyond prescribed limit of the invention, in figure 4b, 2 μm of diameter or more of Mg2The number of Si particle is relatively more, beyond of the invention
Prescribed limit.On the other hand, in Fig. 2A, Fig. 3 A and Fig. 4 A, if comparing β-AlFeSi phase and Mg2The distribution of Si phase, then
In fig. 2, β-AlFeSi is mutually few, and Mg2Si phase is small, and β-AlFeSi is compared relatively more in Fig. 3 A, in Figure 4 A Mg2The size of Si phase
It is bigger.
In this way, (homogenizing before extruding when the number of 5 μm of diameter or more of coarse AlFeSi particle is more in squeeze wood
After processing) blank β-AlFeSi phase amount it is more.2 μm of diameter or more of the coarse Mg in squeeze wood2The number of Si particle
When more, the Mg of the blank before extruding (after homogenize process)2The size of Si particle is big.When this corresponding relationship is very big except extrusion ratio
(such as 45 or more) can be set up.Therefore, pass through 5 μm of diameter or more of β-AlFeSi particle of regulation squeeze wood and 2 μm of diameter
Above Mg2The distribution of Si particle, thus the β-of the blank before indirectly regulation squeezes (after homogenize process)
AlFeSi phase and Mg2The distribution of Si phase.
In addition, the AlFeSi particle of 5 μm of diameter of squeeze wood or more and 2 μm of diameter or more of Mg2Si particle is solid in unit
Determine the number in area, in prescribed limit of the invention, the production quantity of the β-AlFeSi phase in blank is few, Mg2Si particle
Precipitation is inhibited, Mg2The size of Si phase is small.Conversely, the AlFeSi particle of 5 μm of diameter of squeeze wood or more is in unit stationary plane
Number in product, when beyond prescribed limit of the invention, the production quantity of the β-AlFeSi phase in blank is more.In addition, squeeze wood
2 μm of diameter or more of Mg2Number of the Si particle in unit fixed-area, when beyond prescribed limit of the invention, in blank
Mg2The precipitation of Si phase is not fully suppressed, Mg2The size of Si phase is big.
AlFeSi particle of the invention and Mg2The number density of Si particle is measured by following step.
1) after the section of the measurement of the number density of grinding progress squeeze wood, pass through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and see
It examines, selects the observation of the square (opposite side is parallel to the direction of extrusion) of 2 or more 50 μm of 50 μ ms for carrying out number density measurement
Region.
2) measuring the viewing area respectively includes, 5 μm of diameter or more of AlFeSi particle and 2 μm of diameter or more
Mg2The number of Si particle (diameter is equivalent circle diameter).In addition, when measuring the number for the particle that the region includes, in order to high-precision
Degree measurement and it is preferred that making 1000 times of multiplying power of SEM or more.Across particle existing on the side of viewing area, as 1
And it counts.
3) for it is above-mentioned 2) the step of in whole viewing areas for selecting, measure the number of each particle, acquire selected
The average value of the number for each particle for including in whole viewing areas.
(surface roughness of squeeze wood)
For the blank of the Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy of the composition, homogenize process is carried out with the condition, thus base
The band-like Si phase spheroidizing of crystallization in material, and Mg2Si solid solution.Then, will remain in the blank of homogenize process temperature, with than
Usually big 50 DEG C/h or more of cooling velocity pressure is cooled to 250 DEG C hereinafter, thus can inhibit in cooling procedure
Mg2The precipitation of Si particle.The blank is since the production quantity of β-AlFeSi phase is few, Mg2The precipitation of Si phase is suppressed, so squeezing
When β-AlFeSi phase and Mg2The peritectic reaction of Si phase is inhibited, in addition, Mg2The precipitation of Si phase is suppressed, thus Si, Al and
Mg2The eutectic reaction of Si is also inhibited.As a result, the seizure of squeeze wood is mitigated, it is small surface roughness can be manufactured
Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood (squeezed state material).According to the present invention, with 10 mean roughness Rz (JIS B0601:
1994) 80 μm of surface roughness or less of Al-Mg-Si-type aluminum alloy squeeze wood, can be made.
[embodiment]
The Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy for melting chemical composition (composition after fusing) shown in table 1, passes through semi-continuous casting
The blank of diameter 400mm is made, is carried out with homogenize process condition shown in table 1 (keeping temperature, retention time, cooling velocity)
Homogenize process.In addition, the surplus of the composition described in table 1 is Al, and in addition to the inevitable impurity of Fe.Then with table
Extruding condition shown in 1 (squeezing temperature (blank heating temperature), extruder rate, cooling velocity), extrusion ratio 33 are squeezed into
Shape obtains the squeeze wood of solid rectangular cross-section (100mm × 40mm), carries out 180 DEG C × 4 hours ageing treatments later.In addition,
Cooling velocity is off the cooling velocity to 250 DEG C.
[table 1]
Using obtained squeeze wood as test material, coarse AlFeSi particle and Mg are measured with following main points2Si particle
Number density and machinability, hardness, surface roughness (10 mean roughness Rz) and Squeezing ground.
(AlFeSi particle and Mg2The number density of Si particle)
After section for carrying out the measurement of each number density for test material is ground, each in test material, selecting 2 to lead to
SEM observation (Scanning Electron Microscope, scanning electron microscope) is crossed, 50 μm of number density measurement are carried out
The viewing area of × 50 μm of square (opposite side is parallel to the direction of extrusion).For each for test material, with 1000 times to the 2 of selection
A viewing area carries out SEM observation, measures 5 μm of diameter (equivalent circle diameter) observed in the range of each viewing area or more
The Mg of 2 μm of AlFeSi particle and diameter (equivalent circle diameter) or more2The number of Si particle is acquired and is measured in 2 viewing areas
Each particle number respective average value.It is as the result is shown in table 2.In addition, being deposited across on the side of viewing area
Particle, counted as 1.
(machinability)
Speed is given 300mm/ minutes using the 4mm diameter drill bit of the high speed steel of market sale with revolving speed 1500rpm
Condition carry out aperture processing, count the clast number in resulting clast 100g, measure squeeze wood machinability (clast disconnect
Property).Clast number is evaluated as excellent (◎) higher than 7000, and clast number is 7000~5000 and is evaluated as good (zero), broken
Bits number is that being evaluated as lower than 5000~3000 is qualified (△), and clast number is evaluated as unqualified (×) lower than 3000.Its
As the result is shown in one column of characteristic of table 2.
(hardness)
Based on Rockwell hardness test-test method of JIS Z 2245:2011, measure Rockwell hardness (HRB).
(surface roughness)
Each face (total 4 faces) up and down that squeeze wood is visually observed through the overall length of squeeze wood, with the direction of extrusion
On vertical direction, based on the regulation of JIS B0601:1994, measures surface roughness in each face and be determined as maximum place
Surface roughness (10 mean roughness Rz).Maximum value among 10 mean roughness Rz obtained in each face, as extruding
The surface roughness (10 mean roughness Rz) of material and be shown in one column of characteristic of table 2.
(Squeezing ground)
The corner of the squeeze wood of No.1~22 is visually observed through the overall length of squeeze wood, whether there is or not the generations of chink line for observation
(whether Squeezing ground is good).Hereafter, blank corresponding to the squeeze wood for the test number for confirming the generation of chink line, with
The extruder rate smaller than extruder rate shown in table 1 is squeezed, and observes that whether there is or not the generations of chink line respectively.In addition, for not true
Blank corresponding to the test number of the squeeze wood of chink line generation is recognized, with the extrusion speed bigger than extruder rate shown in table 1
Degree is squeezed, and observes that whether there is or not the generations of chink line respectively.In addition, extruder rate at this moment is 3m/ points, 5m/ points, 10m/ points
Any one, homogenize process condition and extruding condition (in addition to extruder rate) are as described in Table 1.Extruder rate be 10m/ point and
When not confirming the generation of chink line, it is excellent (zero) to be evaluated as Squeezing ground, and extruder rate is 10m/ points and confirms chink line
Occur, but 5m/ point and when not confirming the generation of chink line, Squeezing ground is evaluated as good (△), even if extruder rate is 3m/ points
When still confirming the generation of chink line, Squeezing ground is evaluated as bad (×).It is as the result is shown in table 2.
[table 2]
* it is detached from defined place of the invention
As shown in table 1,2, there is composition given to this invention, AlFeSi particle and Mg2The number density of Si particle meets
The squeeze wood of defined No.1~9 of the invention, surface roughness is small (10 mean roughness Rz≤80 μm), and machinability is also excellent
It is different.In addition, Rockwell hardness is 38HRB or more, it is also excellent in intensity.The squeeze wood of No.1~9 is with given to this invention
Manufacturer's legal system.In addition, the blank (after homogenize process) of No.1 and the electron microscope macrograph of squeeze wood are shown in
In Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B.
On the other hand, the squeeze wood of No.10, because Si content is superfluous, seizure occurs, and surface roughness is big.
The squeeze wood of No.11, because Si content is very few, machinability is poor.
The squeeze wood of No.12, because the Fe content as impurity is superfluous, the number density of AlFeSi particle exceeds this hair
Bright regulation, surface roughness are big (10 80 μm of mean roughness Rz >).The blank (after homogenize process) of No.12 and extruding
The electron microscope macrograph of material is shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B.As shown in Figure 3A, the β-AlFeSi phase in blank is more, squeezes
When seizure occur, surface roughness becomes larger.
The squeeze wood of No.13, Mg2The number density of Si particle exceeds regulation of the invention, and surface roughness is big, and (10 points average
80 μm of roughness Rz >).The blank (after homogenize process) of No.13 and the electron microscope macrograph of squeeze wood are shown in figure
In 4A and Fig. 4 B.Because the cooling velocity after homogenize process is small, as shown in Figure 4 A, the Mg in blank2The size of Si phase
Greatly, seizure occurs when extruding, and surface roughness is big.
The squeeze wood of No.14, AlFeSi particle and Mg2The number density of Si particle exceeds regulation of the invention, and No.15's squeezes
Material is pressed, the number density of AlFeSi particle exceeds regulation of the invention, big (10 80 μ of mean roughness Rz > of surface roughness
m).This is because, the time of homogenize process is short in No.14, the temperature of homogenize process is low in No.15, β-AlFeSi particle
αization do not carry out, and disconnection and the Mg of the Si phase in blank2The solid solution of Si phase is insufficient.
No.16,17 squeeze wood, Fe content is superfluous, and the number density of AlFeSi particle exceeds regulation of the invention, but table
Surface roughness is small (10 mean roughness Rz≤80 μm).
This is because, so that extruder rate is reduced quite a lot of than 3m/ points as defined lower limit value in No.16,
In No.17, the time of homogenize process is made to extend quite a lot of than 15 hours as defined upper limit value.As a result, No.16,
17 its productivity reduce.
No.18,19 squeeze wood, AlFeSi particle and Mg2The number density of Si particle is all satisfied regulation of the invention, but table
Surface roughness is big (10 80 μm of mean roughness Rz >).This is because its extruding temperature of No.18 is excessively high, its extrusion speed of No.19
It spends greatly, since processing heat release causes material temperature to rise, seizure occurs for squeeze wood.
The squeeze wood of No.20, because Cu content is superfluous, Squeezing ground is reduced.
The squeeze wood of No.21, because Mg content is very few, intensity (hardness) is low.
The squeeze wood of No.22, because Mg content is superfluous, Mg2The number density of Si particle exceeds regulation of the invention, table
Surface roughness is big (10 80 μm of mean roughness Rz >).This is considered as since Mg content is superfluous, therefore in blank
Mg2Si phase is formed much, and seizure occurs for when extruding.
The application is the Japanese Patent Application on July 31st, 2014, patent application 2014-156634 with the applying date
The claim of priority applied based on number.Patent application the 2014-156634th is quoted by referring to and by this specification.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Aluminum alloy extrusion material is excellent in machinability and squeezes without the smooth Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy of seizure ground surface
Press material, wherein contain
The mass of Si:2.0~6.0 %,
The mass of Mg:0.3~1.2 %,
The mass % of Ti:0.01~0.2,
Fe content be limited in 0.2 mass % hereinafter,
Surplus is made of Al and inevitable impurity,
In every 50 × 50 μm of the area of 5 μm of diameter or more of AlFeSi particle be 20 hereinafter,
2 μm of diameter or more of Mg2In every 50 × 50 μm of the area of Si particle be 20 hereinafter,
10 mean roughness Rz on squeeze wood surface are 80 μm or less.
2. Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also containing Mn:0.1~
One or more of the 1.0 mass mass of % and Cu:0.1~0.4 %.
3. Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that also contain Cr:0.03
One or more of~0.1 mass mass of % and Zr:0.03~0.1 %.
4. a kind of manufacturing method of Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood is excellent in machinability and flat without seizure ground surface
The manufacturing method of sliding Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood, the method are as follows: for following aluminum alloy blank carry out with
The homogenize process of 500~550 DEG C of holdings 4~15 hours is cooled to 50 DEG C/h or more of average cooling rate pressure
250 DEG C of temperature below, are heated to 450~500 DEG C, carry out heat with the extrusion ratio of the extruder rate of 3~10m/min, 15~40
It squeezes, cooling squeeze wood is forced with 50 DEG C/sec or more of average cooling rate, and carry out ageing treatment,
The aluminum alloy blank contains
The mass of Si:2.0~6.0 %,
The mass of Mg:0.3~1.2 %,
The mass % of Ti:0.01~0.2,
Fe content be limited in 0.2 mass % hereinafter,
Surplus is made of Al and inevitable impurity.
5. the manufacturing method of Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the aluminium
Alloy also contains one or more of the mass mass of % and Cu:0.1~0.4 of Mn:0.1~1.0 %.
6. the manufacturing method of Al-Si-Mg line aluminium alloy squeeze wood according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that institute
It states aluminium alloy and also contains one or more of the mass mass of % and Zr:0.03~0.1 of Cr:0.03~0.1 %.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014-156634 | 2014-07-31 | ||
| JP2014156634A JP5777782B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2014-07-31 | Manufacturing method of extruded aluminum alloy with excellent machinability |
| PCT/JP2014/084569 WO2016017046A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2014-12-26 | Aluminium alloy extruded material with superior machinability and production method therefor |
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| CN105473747A CN105473747A (en) | 2016-04-06 |
| CN105473747B true CN105473747B (en) | 2019-04-26 |
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| EP (1) | EP3176274B1 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR101688358B1 (en) |
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| CN109576620B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-10-20 | 广东宏锦新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy processing method |
| CN110358938A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-22 | 广东坚美铝型材厂（集团）有限公司 | A kind of free machining aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113564429A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏亚太航空科技有限公司 | Fine-grain aluminum alloy block and preparation process and application thereof |
| CN115572868B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏亚太轻合金科技股份有限公司 | Low-performance and hardness 6-series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| JP3335732B2 (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 2002-10-21 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy and casting method thereof |
| JP3107517B2 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 2000-11-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High corrosion resistant aluminum alloy extruded material with excellent machinability |
| JPH0941062A (en) * | 1995-07-27 | 1997-02-10 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Alum.-magnesium-silicon type alum. alloy sheet material for automotive body sheet small in secular change and excellent in baking hardenability and its production |
| JP3301919B2 (en) | 1996-06-26 | 2002-07-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Aluminum alloy extruded material with excellent chip breaking performance |
| JP3886329B2 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2007-02-28 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy extruded material for cutting |
| JP3846702B2 (en) | 2001-11-09 | 2006-11-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy extruded material for cutting |
| US20050109429A1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-26 | Showa Denko K.K. | Aluminum alloy, bar-like material, forge-formed article, machine-formed article, wear-resistant aluminum alloy with excellent anodized coat using the same and production methods thereof |
| US20100263959A1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2010-10-21 | Rudolf Hoebel | External-rotor electric motor with or without a planetary gear mechanism, motor vehicle with an external-rotor electric motor and a method for operating such a vehicle |
| JP5160930B2 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-03-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Aluminum alloy extruded material excellent in bending crushability and corrosion resistance and method for producing the same |
| EP2450462B1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2017-03-22 | Aisin Keikinzoku Co., Ltd. | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy extruded material having excellent fatigue strength and cutting properties |
| JP5698695B2 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2015-04-08 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Aluminum alloy forgings for automobiles and manufacturing method thereof |
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| KR20160024837A (en) | 2016-03-07 |
| EP3176274B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
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| EP3176274A1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
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