CN105466998A - Method for utilizing variable-frequency variable-magnetic field excitation to test hardness property of ferromagnetic material - Google Patents
Method for utilizing variable-frequency variable-magnetic field excitation to test hardness property of ferromagnetic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105466998A CN105466998A CN201511015423.1A CN201511015423A CN105466998A CN 105466998 A CN105466998 A CN 105466998A CN 201511015423 A CN201511015423 A CN 201511015423A CN 105466998 A CN105466998 A CN 105466998A
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- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/80—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating mechanical hardness, e.g. by investigating saturation or remanence of ferromagnetic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
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- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for utilizing variable-frequency variable-magnetic field excitation to test hardness property of a ferromagnetic material. Through the separation based on the hardness property of the same ferromagnetic material and according to the characteristic that different materials have different effective eddy sorting excitation frequencies and different effective eddy sorting excitation magnetic field strengths, a variable-frequency variable-magnetic field excitation magnetization method is adopted for measuring and drawing a magnetizing curve of the ferromagnetic material; through the contrastive analysis for the magnetizing curve, the hardness property of the ferromagnetic material can be indirectly acquired; through the hardness separation for the ferromagnetic material, the separation precision is higher and the probabilities of missing inspection and fault judgment are far lower than the probabilities in the prior art; and meanwhile, the method also can be used for distinguishing the material change or mixed materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lossless detection method, particularly relate to a kind of method utilizing frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic.
Background technology
Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness sorting is the important quality inspection work in ferromagnetic material production run, especially for the ferromagnetic material of the field application such as space flight, aviation, nuclear energy, higher to its hardness quality requirements.Multiple method is had at present for Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness sorting, wherein electromagnetic eddy method for separating have detection efficiency higher, easily be automated the advantages such as sorting, usually adopt unifrequency or multifrequency Eddy method for separating at present, the excitation frequency distinguishing the best by choosing hardness property carries out sorting to ferromagnetic material.Such as, but in actual application, because electromagnetic eddy signal is easy to be interfered, the various impurity in ferromagnetic material, discontinuous etc., all can have an impact to eddy current signal, sorting erroneous judgement, undetected probability are higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art, a kind of method utilizing frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic is provided, the sorting of Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, according to the difference of material, its effective eddy current sorting excitation frequency is different, its effective eddy current sorting excitation field intensity is also different, according to this feature, adopt frequency conversion varying magnetic field excitation Magnitizing method, measure the magnetization curve drawing ferromagnetic material, by the comparative analysis of magnetization curve, indirectly obtain the hardness property of ferromagnetic material.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of method utilizing frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, it is characterized in that: the sorting of Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, according to the difference of material, its effective eddy current sorting excitation frequency is different, its effective eddy current sorting excitation field intensity is also different, according to this feature, adopt frequency conversion varying magnetic field excitation Magnitizing method, measure the magnetization curve drawing ferromagnetic material, by the comparative analysis of magnetization curve, the hardness property of indirect acquisition ferromagnetic material, comprises and demarcating and actual measurement two processes
Described calibration process is,
A. Durometer measurements method is adopted to pick out highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material in hardness acceptability limit and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material;
B. arrange the incentive mode of electromagnetic eddy detector, the time-sharing exciting frequency of preset multiple different size, reinitializes the time-sharing exciting electric current of multiple different size under each excitation frequency, and the exciting current of different size will produce the excitation field of varying strength;
C. eddy current probe is placed in respectively highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material detection faces, eddy current testing instrument adopts excitation frequency time-sharing exciting highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and the minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material of preset multiple different size, in each excitation frequency process of motivation, adopt exciting current time-sharing exciting highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and the minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material of multiple different size; Highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under each excitation frequency of employing magnetic flux density measurement measurement device, each exciting current and the magnetic induction density of minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic materials surface;
D. be ordinate with magnetic induction density, the exciting current size magnetic induction density-excitation current curves that is the highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under horizontal ordinate makes each excitation frequency and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material; Due to excitation field intensity size and exciting current size linear, magnetic induction density-excitation current curves reflects the relation of magnetic induction density and excitation field intensity indirectly, obtains the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material by converting;
E. by the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material of obtaining in steps d and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, take frequency as unit, the magnetization curve of the highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under more each excitation frequency and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, calibrates the qualified region of magnetization curve under each excitation frequency;
Described actual measurement process is,
F. eddy current probe is placed in tested ferromagnetic material detection faces, eddy current testing instrument adopts the tested ferromagnetic material of excitation frequency time-sharing exciting of multiple different size preset in step b, in each excitation frequency process of motivation, adopt the tested ferromagnetic material of exciting current time-sharing exciting of multiple different size preset in step b; Adopt the magnetic induction density of the tested ferromagnetic materials surface under each excitation frequency of magnetic flux density measurement measurement device, each exciting current;
G. be ordinate with magnetic induction density, the exciting current size magnetic induction density-excitation current curves that is the tested ferromagnetic material under horizontal ordinate makes each excitation frequency, obtain the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material by converting;
H. by the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material of obtaining in step g, analysis is compared with the qualified region of the magnetization curve obtained in step e; When magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material is arranged in magnetization curve that step e obtains qualified region, illustrate that the hardness property of tested ferromagnetic material is qualified; When magnetization curve under one or more excitation frequencies of tested ferromagnetic material is arranged in outside the qualified region of magnetization curve that step e obtains, illustrate that the hardness property of tested ferromagnetic material is defective.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, a kind of method utilizing frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, based on Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic of the same race sorting, according to the difference of material, its effective eddy current sorting excitation frequency is different, its effective eddy current sorting excitation field intensity is also different, according to this feature, adopt frequency conversion varying magnetic field excitation Magnitizing method, measure the magnetization curve drawing ferromagnetic material, by the comparative analysis of magnetization curve, the hardness property of indirect acquisition ferromagnetic material, hardness sorting is carried out to ferromagnetic material, sharpness of separation is higher, undetected, erroneous judgement probability is far smaller than existing sorting technology, this method also can be screened changes in material or batch mixing simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but a kind of method of frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic that utilizes of the present invention is not limited to embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with embodiment in accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the calibration process schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the qualified schematic diagram of hardness in the actual measurement process of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the defective schematic diagram of hardness in the actual measurement process of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, B. magnetic induction density, H. excitation field intensity, T1. the magnetization curve of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material, T2. the magnetization curve of minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, M. the qualified region of magnetization curve, the qualified tested ferromagnetic material magnetization curve of R1. hardness, the magnetization curve of the defective tested ferromagnetic material of R2. hardness.
Embodiment
Embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, a kind of method utilizing frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, it is characterized in that: the sorting of Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, according to the difference of material, its effective eddy current sorting excitation frequency is different, its effective eddy current sorting excitation field intensity H is also different, according to this feature, adopt frequency conversion varying magnetic field excitation Magnitizing method, measure the magnetization curve drawing ferromagnetic material, by the comparative analysis of magnetization curve, the hardness property of indirect acquisition ferromagnetic material, comprises and demarcating and actual measurement two processes
Described calibration process is,
A. Durometer measurements method is adopted to pick out highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material in hardness acceptability limit and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material;
B. arrange the incentive mode of electromagnetic eddy detector, the time-sharing exciting frequency of preset multiple different size, reinitializes the time-sharing exciting electric current of multiple different size under each excitation frequency, and the exciting current of different size will produce the excitation field of varying strength;
C. eddy current probe is placed in respectively highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material detection faces, eddy current testing instrument adopts excitation frequency time-sharing exciting highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and the minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material of preset multiple different size, in each excitation frequency process of motivation, adopt exciting current time-sharing exciting highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and the minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material of multiple different size; Highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under each excitation frequency of employing magnetic flux density measurement measurement device, each exciting current and the magnetic induction density B of minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic materials surface;
D. be ordinate with magnetic induction density B, the exciting current size magnetic induction density-excitation current curves that is the highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under horizontal ordinate makes each excitation frequency and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material; Due to excitation field intensity H size and exciting current size linear, magnetic induction density-excitation current curves reflects the relation of magnetic induction density B and excitation field intensity H indirectly, obtains the magnetization curve T2 under each excitation frequency of magnetization curve T1 under each excitation frequency of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material by converting;
E. by the magnetization curve T2 under each excitation frequency of the magnetization curve T1 under each excitation frequency of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material of obtaining in steps d and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, take frequency as unit, the magnetization curve of the highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under more each excitation frequency and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, calibrates the qualified region M of magnetization curve under each excitation frequency;
Described actual measurement process is,
F. eddy current probe is placed in tested ferromagnetic material detection faces, eddy current testing instrument adopts the tested ferromagnetic material of excitation frequency time-sharing exciting of multiple different size preset in step b, in each excitation frequency process of motivation, adopt the tested ferromagnetic material of exciting current time-sharing exciting of multiple different size preset in step b; Adopt the magnetic induction density B of the tested ferromagnetic materials surface under each excitation frequency of magnetic flux density measurement measurement device, each exciting current;
G. be ordinate with magnetic induction density B, the exciting current size magnetic induction density-excitation current curves that is the tested ferromagnetic material under horizontal ordinate makes each excitation frequency, obtain the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material by converting;
H. by the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material of obtaining in step g, analysis is compared with the qualified region M of the magnetization curve obtained in step e; When magnetization curve R1 under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material is arranged in magnetization curve that step e obtains qualified region M, illustrate that the hardness property of tested ferromagnetic material is qualified; Magnetization curve R2 under one or more excitation frequencies of tested ferromagnetic material be arranged in the qualified region M of magnetization curve that step e obtains outer time, illustrate that the hardness property of tested ferromagnetic material is defective.
Above-described embodiment is only used for further illustrating a kind of method utilizing frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to embodiment; every above embodiment is done according to technical spirit of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification, all fall in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. one kind utilizes the method for frequency conversion varying magnetic field exciting test Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, it is characterized in that: the sorting of Testing of Ferromagnetic Material Hardness characteristic, according to the difference of material, its effective eddy current sorting excitation frequency is different, its effective eddy current sorting excitation field intensity is also different, according to this feature, adopt frequency conversion varying magnetic field excitation Magnitizing method, measure the magnetization curve drawing ferromagnetic material, by the comparative analysis of magnetization curve, the hardness property of indirect acquisition ferromagnetic material, comprises and demarcating and actual measurement two processes
Described calibration process is,
A. Durometer measurements method is adopted to pick out highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material in hardness acceptability limit and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material;
B. arrange the incentive mode of electromagnetic eddy detector, the time-sharing exciting frequency of preset multiple different size, reinitializes the time-sharing exciting electric current of multiple different size under each excitation frequency, and the exciting current of different size will produce the excitation field of varying strength;
C. eddy current probe is placed in respectively highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material detection faces, eddy current testing instrument adopts excitation frequency time-sharing exciting highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and the minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material of preset multiple different size, in each excitation frequency process of motivation, adopt exciting current time-sharing exciting highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and the minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material of multiple different size; Highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under each excitation frequency of employing magnetic flux density measurement measurement device, each exciting current and the magnetic induction density of minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic materials surface;
D. be ordinate with magnetic induction density, the exciting current size magnetic induction density-excitation current curves that is the highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under horizontal ordinate makes each excitation frequency and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material; Due to excitation field intensity size and exciting current size linear, magnetic induction density-excitation current curves reflects the relation of magnetic induction density and excitation field intensity indirectly, obtains the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material by converting;
E. by the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material of obtaining in steps d and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, take frequency as unit, the magnetization curve of the highest hardness standard ferromagnetic material under more each excitation frequency and minimum hardness standard ferromagnetic material, calibrates the qualified region of magnetization curve under each excitation frequency;
Described actual measurement process is,
F. eddy current probe is placed in tested ferromagnetic material detection faces, eddy current testing instrument adopts the tested ferromagnetic material of excitation frequency time-sharing exciting of multiple different size preset in step b, in each excitation frequency process of motivation, adopt the tested ferromagnetic material of exciting current time-sharing exciting of multiple different size preset in step b; Adopt the magnetic induction density of the tested ferromagnetic materials surface under each excitation frequency of magnetic flux density measurement measurement device, each exciting current;
G. be ordinate with magnetic induction density, the exciting current size magnetic induction density-excitation current curves that is the tested ferromagnetic material under horizontal ordinate makes each excitation frequency, obtain the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material by converting;
H. by the magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material of obtaining in step g, analysis is compared with the qualified region of the magnetization curve obtained in step e; When magnetization curve under each excitation frequency of tested ferromagnetic material is arranged in magnetization curve that step e obtains qualified region, illustrate that the hardness property of tested ferromagnetic material is qualified; When magnetization curve under one or more excitation frequencies of tested ferromagnetic material is arranged in outside the qualified region of magnetization curve that step e obtains, illustrate that the hardness property of tested ferromagnetic material is defective.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106144973A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江鼎盛汽车紧固件有限公司 | A kind of nut hardness automatic screening machine |
| CN106370719A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-02-01 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Magnetic nondestructive test method of ferromagnetic metal material strain hardening index |
| CN107064219A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-08-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of ferromagnetic conductor case hardness measuring method and system based on Kelvin effect |
| CN107632046A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-26 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of bearing outside collar hardness frequency sweep is vortexed method for separating |
| CN108872373A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-23 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | One kind is based on vortex frequency sweep imaging chromatography detection method |
| CN110794026A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-14 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-frequency automatic scanning material hardness detection device and method |
| CN111487311A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-08-04 | 韦士肯(厦门)智能科技有限公司 | Hardness detection method and system |
| CN113916707A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2022-01-11 | 钢铁研究总院 | Hardness prediction model establishing method and prediction method |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN106144973A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江鼎盛汽车紧固件有限公司 | A kind of nut hardness automatic screening machine |
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| CN107064219A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-08-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of ferromagnetic conductor case hardness measuring method and system based on Kelvin effect |
| CN107064219B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2020-04-07 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Ferromagnetic conductor surface hardness measurement method and system based on skin effect |
| CN107632046B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-11-26 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of bearing outside collar hardness frequency sweep vortex method for separating |
| CN107632046A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-26 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of bearing outside collar hardness frequency sweep is vortexed method for separating |
| CN108872373A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-23 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | One kind is based on vortex frequency sweep imaging chromatography detection method |
| CN108872373B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-07-17 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Tomography detection method based on eddy current frequency sweep imaging |
| CN110794026A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-14 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-frequency automatic scanning material hardness detection device and method |
| CN111487311A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-08-04 | 韦士肯(厦门)智能科技有限公司 | Hardness detection method and system |
| CN111487311B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-05-03 | 韦士肯(厦门)智能科技有限公司 | Hardness detection method and system |
| CN113916707A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2022-01-11 | 钢铁研究总院 | Hardness prediction model establishing method and prediction method |
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