CN105454276A - 一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105454276A
CN105454276A CN201510788658.8A CN201510788658A CN105454276A CN 105454276 A CN105454276 A CN 105454276A CN 201510788658 A CN201510788658 A CN 201510788658A CN 105454276 A CN105454276 A CN 105454276A
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曲明静
鞠倩
郭晓强
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Shandong Peanut Research Institute
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Abstract

一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法，属于花生害虫暗黑鳃金龟生物防治方法领域，该微胶囊悬浮剂包括微胶囊壁材、微胶囊芯材、固化剂和水性发散液组成,微胶囊芯材包括暗黑鳃金龟雌虫性信息素和有机溶剂乙酸和花生油，微胶囊壁材由海藻酸钠和花生油脂肪酸甲酯组成，固化剂由琼脂和乙二胺四乙酸二钠组成,水性发散液由水和乳化剂羟甲基纤维素钠和吐温80组成。利用本发明的微胶囊悬浮剂可以使囊芯中的信息素释放缓慢，达到长效缓释的效果，并且达到了储藏的稳定性，一个生长季一次悬挂性诱剂就可以有效杀灭暗黑鳃金龟。

Description

一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法
技术领域
一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法，属于花生害虫暗黑鳃金龟生物防治方法技术领域。
背景技术
暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichiaparallela)属鞘翅目(Coleoptera)金龟甲总科(Scarabaeoidea)鳃金龟科(Melolonthidae)，是农林牧业生产中一类重要的土栖害虫。其幼虫蛴螬危害花生、大豆、地瓜、玉米、草坪、花卉、蔬菜等多种作物，常造成巨大的经济损失(胡琼波，2004；刘树森等，2008)。以花生为例，近几年全国各地的花生蛴螬发生数量呈逐年上升趋势，对花生生产造成严重危害，一般受害减产10-20％，严重者50-80％，甚至颗粒无收(李晓等，2012)。由于暗黑鳃金龟长期在地下活动，因此对其进行防控有一定的困难性，现阶段仍以化学防治为主。此外，农药残留，环境污染等诸多问题存在，使我们迫切需要一种绿色无污染的新型途径来防治害虫。
近几年昆虫性信息素的使用为害虫防治提供了一条新的途径。采用昆虫性信息素进行害虫监测和无公害防治具有活性高、特异性强、无毒、无污染、不杀伤天敌、使用简便、成本低廉等优点(Nehmeetal.,2009；Nehmeetal.,2010；王桂花等，2013)。山东省花生研究所对我国暗黑鳃金龟的性信息素进行了研究，自主研发了暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂诱芯及配套诱捕器，并在田间取得了良好的诱虫效果(Brockerhoffetal.,2006；Zhouetal.,2009；李晓等，2012)。但是性诱剂存在特异性引诱雄虫、诱集时间短等问题(ReddyandGuerrero,2004；etal.,2005)。在前期性诱剂基础上，实现性诱剂持续稳定的引诱效果，是本发明要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法，通过持续稳定的引诱效果来防治暗黑鳃金龟。
本发明采取的技术方案为：一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂它由微胶囊芯材、微胶囊壁材、固化剂和水性发散液组成,微胶囊芯材包括暗黑鳃金龟雌虫性信息素和有机溶剂乙酸和花生油，微胶囊壁材由海藻酸钠和花生油脂肪酸甲酯组成，固化剂由琼脂和乙二胺四乙酸二钠组成,水性发散液由水和乳化剂羟甲基纤维素钠、吐温80组成。微胶囊芯材、微胶囊壁材、固化剂和水性发散液重量配比为1:2-4:3-5:60-90。
微胶囊芯材包括暗黑鳃金龟雌虫性信息素L-异亮氨酸甲酯、(R)-(-)-芳樟醇和1-氨基环己烷甲酸和有机溶剂乙酸和花生油，其重量配比为5:2:1:10:15。微胶囊壁材由海藻酸钠和花生油脂肪酸甲酯组成，其重量配比为1:2。凝固剂有琼脂、乙二胺四乙酸二钠组成，其重量配比为1:1。水分发散液由水、羟甲基纤维素钠和吐温80组成，其重量配比为95:3:2。
微胶囊悬浮剂制备方法为，先制备芯材溶液、壁材溶液和凝固剂，然后将芯材溶液和壁材溶液按重量混合，得到芯材壁材混合液，将芯材壁材混合液均匀的注射到凝固剂中，并用磁力搅拌器搅拌，将芯材和壁材混合液在凝固剂中形成小球珠，小球珠静置、固化干燥后得到性诱剂微胶囊。将微胶囊置于水分发散液中得到微胶囊悬浮剂，将微胶囊悬浮剂放于诱捕器中，挂于花生田间，可以有效诱捕暗黑鳃金龟。
本发明的有益效果为：可以使囊芯中的信息素释放缓慢，达到长效缓释的效果，并且达到了储藏的稳定性，一个生长季一次悬挂性诱剂就可以有效杀灭暗黑鳃金龟，经济效益和生态效益显著。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明，但是这些实例并不限制本发明的范围。此外相关领域的普通技术人员对本发明做的任何改动，只要不脱离本发明的实质，都将等价落在本发明权利要求书所限定的范围内。
实施例1
1、制备微胶囊芯材制备，准确称取信息素L-异亮氨酸甲酯5克、(R)-(-)-芳樟醇2克、1-氨基环己烷甲酸1克、有机溶剂乙酸10克、花生油15克，混合均匀后得到微胶囊芯材溶液。
2、微胶囊壁材制备，准确称取海藻酸钠44克和花生油脂肪酸甲酯88克加热混合均匀后得到微胶囊壁材溶液。
3、将微胶囊芯材溶液和微胶囊壁材溶液混合得到芯材壁材混合液。
4、准确称取琼脂82.5克、乙二胺四乙酸二钠82.5克加热混合凝固后得到固定剂。
5、将芯材壁材混合液均匀的注射到凝固剂中，并用磁力搅拌器搅拌，将芯材和壁材混合液在凝固剂中形成小球珠，小球珠静置、固化干燥后得到性诱剂微胶囊。
6、准确称取水2821.5克、羟甲基纤维素钠89.1克、吐温80试剂59.4克，得到乳浊液。
7、将微胶囊放入乳浊液中，得到微胶囊悬浮剂，平均分到20个诱捕器内，悬挂于花生田间，整个暗黑鳃金龟生长繁殖季节都可以进行诱捕。平均每个诱捕器捕到暗黑鳃金龟5公斤以上。花生田不再受到暗黑鳃金龟幼虫蛴螬的危害。
实施例2
1、制备微胶囊芯材制备，准确称取信息素L-异亮氨酸甲酯0.5克、(R)-(-)-芳樟醇0.2克、1-氨基环己烷甲酸0.1克、有机溶剂乙酸1克、花生油1.5克，混合均匀后得到微胶囊芯材溶液。
2、微胶囊壁材制备，准确称取海藻酸钠2.2克和花生油脂肪酸甲酯4.4克加热混合均匀后得到微胶囊壁材溶液。
3、将微胶囊芯材溶液和微胶囊壁材溶液混合得到芯材壁材混合液。
4、准确称取琼脂4.95克、乙二胺四乙酸二钠4.95克加热混合凝固后得到固定剂。
5、将芯材壁材混合液均匀的注射到凝固剂中，并用磁力搅拌器搅拌，将芯材和壁材混合液在凝固剂中形成小球珠，小球珠静置、固化干燥后得到性诱剂微胶囊。
6、准确称取水188.1克、羟甲基纤维素钠5.94克、吐温80试剂3.96克，得到乳浊液。
7、将微胶囊放入乳浊液中，得到微胶囊悬浮剂，将其分到1个诱捕器内，悬挂于花生田间，整个暗黑鳃金龟生长繁殖季节都可以进行诱捕。这个诱捕器共捕到暗黑鳃金龟7.6公斤，最多一晚上捕到0.67公斤。花生田不再受到暗黑鳃金龟幼虫蛴螬的危害。

Claims (6)

1.一种暗黑鳃金龟性诱剂微胶囊悬浮剂及制备方法，其特征在于它微胶囊芯材、微胶囊壁材、固化剂和水性发散液组成,微胶囊芯材包括暗黑鳃金龟雌虫性信息素和有机溶剂乙酸和花生油，微胶囊壁材由海藻酸钠和花生油脂肪酸甲酯组成，固化剂由琼脂和乙二胺四乙酸二钠组成,水性发散液由水和乳化剂羟甲基纤维素钠、吐温80组成；微胶囊芯材、微胶囊壁材、固化剂和水性发散液重量配比为1:2-4:3-5:60-90。
2.如权利要求1所述，微胶囊芯材包括暗黑鳃金龟雌虫性信息素L-异亮氨酸甲酯、(R)-(-)-芳樟醇和1-氨基环己烷甲酸和有机溶剂乙酸和花生油，其重量配比为5:2:1:10:15。
3.如权利要求1所述，微胶囊壁材由海藻酸钠和花生油脂肪酸甲酯组成，其重量配比为1:2。
4.如权利要求1所述，凝固剂有琼脂、乙二胺四乙酸二钠组成，其重量配比为1:1。
5.如权利要求1所述，水分发散液由水、羟甲基纤维素钠和吐温80组成，其重量配比为95:3:2。
6.如权利要求1所述，微胶囊悬浮剂制备方法为，先制备芯材溶液、壁材溶液和凝固剂，然后将芯材溶液和壁材溶液按重量混合，得到芯材壁材混合液，将芯材壁材混合液均匀的注射到凝固剂中，并用磁力搅拌器搅拌，将芯材和壁材混合液在凝固剂中形成小球珠，小球珠静置、固化干燥后得到性诱剂微胶囊；将微胶囊置于水分发散液中得到微胶囊悬浮剂，将微胶囊悬浮剂放于诱捕器中，挂于花生田间，可以有效诱捕暗黑鳃金龟。
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CN112889815A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-06-04 仲恺农业工程学院 一种海藻酸钠昆虫性信息素微胶囊及其制备方法
CN114794097A (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-07-29 河南农业大学 一种含昆虫信息素或诱集剂的爆珠及其制备方法和应用
CN114794097B (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-12-13 河南农业大学 一种含昆虫信息素或诱集剂的爆珠及其制备方法和应用

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Application publication date: 20160406