CN105451953B - 用于管的分度焊接装置 - Google Patents

用于管的分度焊接装置 Download PDF

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CN105451953B
CN105451953B CN201480038119.6A CN201480038119A CN105451953B CN 105451953 B CN105451953 B CN 105451953B CN 201480038119 A CN201480038119 A CN 201480038119A CN 105451953 B CN105451953 B CN 105451953B
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CN105451953A (zh
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克里斯托弗·斯塔尔
珍-克劳德·施瓦格尔
迪迪埃·费林
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Aisapack Holding SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7879Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path
    • B29C65/7882Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path said parts to be joined moving in a circular path
    • B29C65/7885Rotary turret joining machines, i.e. having several joining tools moving around an axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/002Handling tubes, e.g. transferring between shaping stations, loading on mandrels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612Making circumferential joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7879Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path
    • B29C65/7882Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path said parts to be joined moving in a circular path
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8225Crank mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/20Flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种用于制造包装管的旋转分度装置,包括:以旋转方式绕着轴(9)安装的分度转台(3)、心轴(4)和各自的支撑件(14),支撑件(14)固定到所述转台(3)上并且相对于所述轴(9)径向布置;用于沿着垂直于所述轴(9)的方向移动心轴(4)的径向致动构件(10,11),以及用于沿着垂直于所述轴(9)的方向移动心轴(4)的线性引导构件(13);其特征在于,所述心轴(4)和其各自的支撑件(14)、径向致动构件(10,11)和线性引导构件(13)布置在平行于所述轴(9)的方向上。

Description

用于管的分度焊接装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制造液体或黏性产品的柔性包装管的装置的领域,并且具体地,涉及通过焊接制造的包装管的领域。这些管包括管体、管肩部、可能的密封件(其封闭肩部中的开口)以及帽。
背景技术
柔性管通常具有两个分离的部分,即,连接到包括管口的肩部的裙部或柔性圆柱形主体,可能的焊接到颈部上的密封件,以及帽。管的裙部通过挤出管状主体或通过焊接多层薄片来获得。
旋转分度装置是公知的,其进行组装裙部、肩部、密封件和帽的操作。
用于组装管的旋转分度装置利用间歇运动来运行。装置的旋转部分承载心轴,该心轴接连地从一个工作站移动到另一工作站。在制造包装的时候心轴承载包装。分度装置允许在旋转装置停止时进行组装操作,这对于装置的准确度和简化是有利的。旋转分度装置的周期被分成旋转时间和停止时间。旋转时间也被称为分度时间。当转台停止时,则以下述运动开始组装单元操作:
·心轴和工作站之间的相对接近运动;
·心轴处于工作站;
·心轴和工作站之间的相对撤出运动。
在转台的旋转被停止时,执行组装单元操作,例如:
1.将管的肩部装配到心轴上
2.将管的裙部装配到心轴上
3.将裙部精确定位在心轴上
4.加热必须要被焊接的区域
5.将裙部焊接到肩部上
6.密封
7.加帽
8.排出
工作时间的减少受单元操作时间限制,制造的包装的质量取决于该单元操作时间。工作时间由最长单元操作(例如焊接操作)所确定。超出一定限度时,该工作时间变得不可压缩,因为降低其会对包装的内在性质具有不利影响。因此,当期望实现高生产率时,优化对组装的质量没有影响的分度时间必然是决定性因素。
专利申请WO2004/026567A1公开了一种具有心轴的旋转分度装置,心轴位于与分度转台的轴平行的平面中。优化这种类型的装置的分度时间受到转台的惯性的限制,转台的直径随着并行的心轴的数量而迅速增加。在这种装置中,由工作站执行接近和撤出运动。这导致下述缺点:每个工作站都被配备有用于进行接近运动的特定装置。
专利US6221189描述了一种装置,其包括具有径向布置的心轴的分度转台。在这种装置中,工作站执行径向接近和撤出运动。如在专利申请WO2004/026567A1中那样,由Kieras公开的装置具有每个工作站均需要用于进行接近运动的特定装置的缺陷。
申请人的专利申请WO2007/141711描述了一种装置,通过其能够克服US6221189中公开的装置的缺陷。该装置(参见图2和3)提供了转台3上心轴4的径向布置。工作站的位置是固定的。心轴4执行径向接近和撤出运动15。在该现有技术中描述的装置的构造方式是尤其有利的,因为其允许所有的心轴4在接近和撤出运动15中同时动作。该装置包括框架2,转台3连接至该框架2,转台3通过旋转引导件12绕着轴9旋转。转台驱动心轴4。心轴4相对于转台3径向移动,以执行接近和撤出运动15。线性引导件13将转台3连接到心轴4。心轴4的径向接近和撤出运动15由具有凸轮5和弹簧6的旋转元件引起,或者由旋转元件10和连接杆11引起。旋转元件5、10通过旋转引导件12连接到转台。然而,申请WO2007/141711中描述的装置提供了一种实施方式,根据该实施方式,线性引导功能13和心轴操作功能5、10、11串联地径向布置在转台3的轴9上。这种心轴构造使得心轴的端部形成的圆的虚拟直径8增大,并且因此导致装置在旋转时的明显惯性(惯性矩)。惯性的增大遏制了分度时间的减小。
专利申请WO2007/141711中描述的现有技术装置在图1中被构思性地示出。在这种构思中,其构造是基于串联的下述元件的径向布置:
·用于心轴4的线性引导件13
·用于心轴4的致动元件5、10,从而心轴执行接近和撤出运动15
·心轴4及其支撑件14
申请WO2007/141711中的装置使得能够由于单个动作而以径向运动布置所有的心轴,但其具有如下缺陷:惯性矩过大,这在转台3加速和减速的阶段使得转台的轴上的扭矩以及生产率产生重大变化。
待解决的问题
专利申请WO2007/141711中提出的装置的缺陷需要被克服。
本发明的说明书中使用的术语定义
1:用于通过焊接制造管的旋转分度装置
2:框架
3:分度转台
4:心轴
5:具有凸轮的旋转致动元件
6:弹簧
7:由心轴的基部形成的虚拟圆
8:由心轴的端部形成的虚拟圆
9:转台的旋转轴
10:旋转致动元件
11:连接杆
12:旋转引导件
13:线性引导件
14:心轴支撑件
15:接近和撤出运动
16:心轴长度
17:心轴直径
18:基部处的心轴宽度
发明内容
本发明涉及用于包装管的分度组装装置。该装置使得能够执行制造包装管所需的下述连续操作:
a)将管的肩部装配到心轴上
b)将管的裙部装配到心轴上
c)将裙部精确定位在心轴上
d)加热必须要被焊接的区域
e)将裙部焊接到肩部上
f)密封
g)加帽
h)排出
本发明涉及一种特别有利的装置,其用于降低分度时间和实现高生产率,同时保留如申请WO2007/141711中所述的心轴的径向动作模式。
在本发明中,装置的惯性低于现有技术中的类似装置。由于能够减少分度时间,因而提供了增大生产率的可能性。
换言之,本发明使得能够在不减小焊接时间的情况下增加生产率。
还应当指出,生产率的这种增加不会对生成的包装的质量、性能或外观产生影响。
具体地,本发明涉及用于制造包装管的旋转分度装置,其包括绕着轴可旋转地安装的转台。根据本发明的该装置还包括下述元件:心轴和各自的支撑件,所述支撑件与所述转台一体制成,并且相对于所述轴径向布置,
·径向致动构件,用于在垂直于所述轴的方向上移动心轴
·线性引导构件,用于在垂直于所述轴的方向上移动心轴。
根据本发明的装置的特征在于:心轴和其各自的支撑件、径向致动构件和线性引导构件沿着平行于所述轴的直线定位。
应该强调的是,在现有技术中,尤其是在WO2007/141711中,心轴和其各自的支撑件、径向致动构件和线性致动构件沿着垂直于所述轴的直线布置。
通过选择三个上述元件的并行布置,整体的惯性矩根据下式大幅降低:I=Σmidi 2,其中,I表示惯性矩,m表示每个元件的质量,而d表示每个元件距旋转轴的距离。
因此,在本发明中,径向尺寸仅仅受心轴的几何形状以及站的数量的影响。
本发明使得能够每站地增加并行心轴的数量,而不会增加径向尺寸。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,所述轴位于垂直方向,也就是说,位于大体上平行于重力方向的方向。该实施方式对于置于台上的装置是有利的。这使得能够使得所有的站处于相同的高度。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,所述轴位于水平方向,即,位于大体上垂直于重力方向的方向。该实施方式对于装置的可视监控来说是有利的。接近工作站更加直接。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,每个心轴的基部与相邻该心轴的心轴的基部接触。心轴“基部”是指心轴与转台接触的部分。
根据另一实施方式,本发明使得能够不依赖于需要被制造的管的直径,并且进一步降低惯性矩。这种变体包括仿形心轴的几何形状,从而承载管的肩部的末端的横截面是圆形,而心轴附接到心轴保持器的相对末端沿着转台的旋转轴具有最小周向尺寸。这种方案大体上导致“一端椭圆并且另一端圆形”的心轴横截面类型。
根据一种实施方式,心轴4位于垂直于转台的旋转轴的平面内。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,由心轴的轴线所形成的虚拟表面是以转台的轴为中心的圆柱体。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,由心轴的轴线所形成的虚拟表面是以转台的轴为中心的锥体。
附图说明
图1-3示出了现有技术中的装置。
图1以构思的方式示出了现有技术中的装置。
图2沿着包括转台的旋转轴的横截面示出了专利申请WO2007/141711中的装置。
图3以垂直于转台的旋转轴的视图示出了专利申请WO2007/141711中的装置。
图4示出了根据本发明的装置的构思。
图5和6示出了本发明的实施方式。
图5示出了从垂直于转台的旋转轴的方向观察的根据本发明的装置的实施方式。
图6示出了在包括转台的旋转轴的横截面中观察的图5的装置。
图7示出了包括利用具有非圆柱形几何形状的心轴的变体实施方式。
图8示出了图7中描述的本发明的变体的实施方式。
具体实施方式
根据图4中示出的本发明的构思,所述装置基于并行的下述元件的径向布置:
·用于心轴4的线性引导件13
·致动心轴4以执行接近和撤出运动15的构件
·心轴4及其支撑件14
图4中描述的配置是特别有利的,因为旋转组件的惯性矩可以被大幅降低,并且因此,可以通过降低分度时间而增加生产率。
图4中描述的本发明能够使得旋转轴9更靠近心轴4的惯性中心,因此在加速和减速阶段大幅降低转台的轴上的转矩。本发明使得转台的加速和减速的级别大幅增加,而不会在驱动轴上形成过大的转矩。因此,本发明可以用于降低驱动电机的功率,或者增加同一电机的速率。
在分度循环的加速和减速阶段,每个心轴4产生的转矩与所述心轴的惯性中心和旋转轴9之间的距离的平方成比例。因此,能够使心轴尽可能地靠近旋转轴21是十分有利的。
图5示出了根据本发明的装置的最佳尺寸,该装置装配有8个圆形横截面的心轴4。分度装置1被示出为垂直于转台的旋转轴,该转台使得心轴4旋转。如图5所示,装置1是极其紧凑的,因为其对应于绕着旋转轴定位的8个心轴的最小理论尺寸。系统的尺寸取决于心轴4的直径17及其数量。在实际中,在心轴的基部之间优选地维持一个非常小的距离,从而避免在移动中碰撞。两个心轴之间的角距离对应于分度角。在每个分度循环结束时,心轴4通过运动15朝着工作站径向移动。对于所有的心轴而言,同时且同样地进行径向接近和撤出运动15。
图6示出了垂直于旋转轴9的装置1。框架2支撑转台3,而转台3绕着轴9旋转。旋转引导件12将转台3连接到框架。旋转引导件12可以是轴颈轴承或者优选地是滚子轴承。由于其小尺寸,滚针可能是有利的。心轴4通过支撑件14和径向线性引导件13附接到转台3。径向引导件13使得能够进行靠近和远离工作站的接近和撤出运动15。通过连接杆11而驱动所述接近和撤出运动的旋转元件10安装在轴9上。旋转元件10、径向引导件13和心轴4及其支撑件14沿着旋转轴9并行地定位,这具有降低穿过心轴4的端部的虚拟圆8的径向尺寸的效果。根据本发明,相比于现有技术中的装置,径向尺寸可以以1.5至4的因子减小。
图7和8示出了本发明的变体实施方式。
图7示出了本发明的构思性变体实施方式,其包括优化心轴4的几何形状以使得装置1更加紧凑。图7示出了心轴4的仿形的几何形状,其一端具有匹配管的肩部的横截面的横截面(例如圆形或椭圆形),而另一末端被认为是“扁平”的,从而所谓的“扁平”的末端生成小周向尺寸,并且可以使心轴的重力轴更加靠近旋转轴9。图9中的视图A沿着所述心轴的轴线示出了心轴4。图7示出了不能够被实现的构思性尺寸,因为心轴4的端部对应于旋转轴9。在图7示出了构思的基础上,心轴的横截面沿着所述心轴的轴变化,但周长保持不变。
图8示出了根据图7中示出的构思的本发明的实施方式。心轴4具有可变横截面,该可变横截面具有恒定周长,这使得能够降低尺寸并且由此降低装置的惯性。当心轴4的直径较大时,图8中示出的本发明的变体是尤其有利的。
本发明不限于制造圆柱形横截面的包装管。例如,生产的管的几何形状具有椭圆形或方形横截面。心轴4的几何形状必须被调整成将被制成的管的几何形状。具体地,心轴4的自由端的几何形状必须匹配管的肩部的几何形状。因此,为了生产椭圆形管,心轴4的自由几何形状将是椭圆形。
描绘本发明的附图示出了位于垂直于转台3的轴9的平面内的心轴4。
本发明的一种变体包括将心轴4布置在以转台3的旋转轴9为中心的圆柱面上。
本发明的另一种变体包括将心轴4布置在以转台3的旋转轴9为中心的锥面上。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,在工作站之间具有最小间隔。
本发明尤其利于增加生产率。利用根据现有技术的说明构建的8个站处的单心轴装置,实现了60管/分钟的生产率:
·生产率:60管/分钟
·旋转分度装置的循环时间:1000ms
·工作时间:400ms
·分度时间:600ms
利用根据本发明构建的8个站处的单心轴装置,生产率翻倍,即:
·生产率:120管/分钟
·旋转分度装置的循环时间:500ms
·工作时间:400ms
·分度时间:100ms
工作时间不变,但分度时间除以六。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于制造包装管的旋转分度装置,包括:安装成绕着轴(9)旋转的分度转台(3)、心轴(4)和各自的支撑件(14),支撑件(14)与所述转台(3)一体形成,并且相对于所述轴(9)径向布置;用于沿着垂直于所述轴(9)的方向移动心轴(4)的径向致动构件(10,11),以及用于确保心轴(4)沿着垂直于所述轴(9)的方向移动的线性引导构件(13);其特征在于,心轴(4)和其各自的支撑件(14)、径向致动构件(10,11)和线性引导构件(13)布置在平行于所述轴(9)的方向上。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述轴(9)位于垂直方向上。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述轴(9)布置在水平方向上。
4.如前述任一权利要求所述的装置,其中,每个心轴(4)的理论基部与相邻的心轴(4)的理论基部接触。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,每个心轴(4)的基部具有小于心轴(4)朝着其自由末端的横截面的横截面。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述基部的横截面的形状为椭圆形。
7.如权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述基部的横截面的形状为矩形。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,心轴(4)朝着其自由末端的横截面是圆盘状。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,心轴(4)的横截面在其长度上变化。
10.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括旋转引导构件(12)。
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