CN105450174A - Photovoltaic cell heat recycling device, photovoltaic apparatus and system thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic cell heat recycling device, photovoltaic apparatus and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105450174A CN105450174A CN201410433126.8A CN201410433126A CN105450174A CN 105450174 A CN105450174 A CN 105450174A CN 201410433126 A CN201410433126 A CN 201410433126A CN 105450174 A CN105450174 A CN 105450174A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic cell heat recycling device, including a first fluid passage and at least a heat storage tank disposed on the first fluid passage and used for heat conduction connection with a photovoltaic cell. The heat storage tank is filled with heat storage media. The invention further provides a photovoltaic apparatus and system. The photovoltaic cell heat recycling device and the photovoltaic apparatus and system obtain high-temperature domestic water and hot air while cooling the photovoltaic cell, and have the advantages of high solar energy utilization rate, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, high heat-collecting efficiency and so forth; and moreover, the system provided by the invention can be combined with a building and arranged, for instance, to a flat roof, a sloped roof or a sunny building exterior as building materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar facilities field, particularly relate to a kind of photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device, photovoltaic apparatus and system thereof.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic generation system is the electricity generation system utilizing solar cell directly solar energy to be converted to electric energy, belongs to solar photoelectric and utilizes industry, because its reliability is high, long service life, the advantage such as free from environmental pollution, is applied widely for a long time.
The electric power that photovoltaic cell produces is directly proportional to intensity of solar radiation and cell area, and photoelectric conversion efficiency is then directly related with the wavelength of sunlight, radiation intensity and battery temperature; The power output of photovoltaic cell has negative temperature coefficient, and power output declines with the temperature rising of photovoltaic cell.Therefore, for improving or maintaining the stable photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell, the operating temperature with effective cooling photovoltaic cell need be reduced.The heat abstractor that adopts cools photovoltaic cell more at present.
But the thermal release that photovoltaic cell just distributes by employing heat abstractor is in environment, thus causes the waste of this part heat.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device, the heat that its recyclable photovoltaic cell distributes also is used, thus improves solar energy utilization ratio.
The present invention also there are provided a kind of photovoltaic apparatus, and the heat that its recyclable photovoltaic cell distributes also is used, thus improves solar energy utilization ratio.
The present invention also there are provided a kind of photovoltaic system, and the heat that its recyclable photovoltaic cell distributes also is used, thus improves solar energy utilization ratio.
A kind of photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device provided by the invention, comprise: first fluid passage and at least one heat storage box for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer be arranged on described first fluid passage, the inside of described heat storage box is filled with heat-storage medium.
Further, described heat storage box is multiple, and multiple described heat storage box is connected and/or is connected in parallel by described first fluid passage.
Further, also comprise second fluid passage, described second fluid passage flows through described heat storage box.
Further, the arrival end of described second fluid passage, the port of export or its upper place or many places are provided with the blower fan for accelerating described second fluid inner fluid passage flow velocity.
Preferably, described first fluid passage and described second fluid passage are all through described heat storage box, and described second fluid channel sleeve is located at the outside of described first fluid passage.
Preferably, described first fluid passage and described second fluid passage are all through described heat storage box, and described second fluid passage and described first fluid channel spacing are arranged.
Further preferably, described first fluid passage is through described heat storage box, and described second fluid channel setting is on the outer wall of described heat storage box.
Further, on the outer wall of described heat storage box, between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of described first fluid passage of inside of described heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
Further, between the inwall of the described second fluid passage between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described second fluid passage, in the inside of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of described first fluid passage of inside of described heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
Further, between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage on the inwall, between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described second fluid passage, being positioned at the described second fluid passage of the inside of described heat storage box and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of described first fluid passage of inside of described heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
Preferably, be provided with described heat transfer fins between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage, described heat transfer fins is provided with through hole.
Preferably, be provided with described heat transfer fins between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described second fluid passage, described heat transfer fins is provided with through hole.
Preferably, described heat transfer fins is provided with between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage, and/or be provided with described heat transfer fins between the outer wall of the inwall of described heat storage box and described second fluid passage, described heat transfer fins is provided with through hole.
A kind of photovoltaic apparatus provided by the invention, comprises the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device described in above-mentioned any one and photovoltaic cell, and described photovoltaic cell is connected with described heat storage box by insulating heat-conductive component.
Further, also comprise shell, described heat storage box and described photovoltaic cell are contained in described shell, and arrange heat-insulation layer in described shell.
Further, light gathering reflector component is also provided with.
Preferably, rotating around described photovoltaic cell in whole or in part of described light gathering reflector component, and the rotating shaft bearing of trend of described light gathering reflector component is parallel with the length direction of described photovoltaic cell;
Wherein, described light gathering reflector component can rotate to the first service position around described photovoltaic cell, thus light is reflexed to described photovoltaic cell;
Described light gathering reflector component can rotate to the second service position around described photovoltaic cell, thus is covered by described photovoltaic cell.
Preferably, described light gathering reflector component rotates to described second service position around described photovoltaic cell, and on described light gathering reflector component, the another side opposing with its reflecting surface is furnished with heat-insulation layer.
Further, end covers sealed transparent cover plate on the housing.
A kind of photovoltaic system provided by the invention, comprises at least two above-mentioned photovoltaic apparatus, and multiple described photovoltaic apparatus is connected and/or is connected in parallel; And be tightly connected between adjacent two described photovoltaic apparatus.
Compared with prior art, a kind of photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device provided by the invention, it by arranging at least one heat storage box for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer on first fluid passage, by filling heat-storage medium in heat storage box, absorb the heat that photovoltaic cell produces, be stored in heat storage box, the heat stored in heat storage box conducts to the fluid in first fluid passage further, reaches cooling photovoltaic cell, reduces the object of photoelectric conversion efficiency loss; Meanwhile, the fluid in first fluid passage can also absorb the waste heat that photovoltaic cell produces effectively, produces heat energy.
In further technical scheme, when multiple heat storage box is connected on first fluid passage successively, when in the process that the fluid in first fluid passage flows at interior pipe, absorb the heat of the photovoltaic cell be connected with multiple heat storage box successively, fluid temperature (F.T.) raises gradually, can obtain the fluid that temperature is higher; When multiple heat storage box is connected in parallel on first fluid passage successively, the heat of the photovoltaic cell that the absorption of fluids of first fluid passage is connected with each heat storage box in each heat storage box, ensure that in each heat storage box, first fluid passage is heated evenly.
In further technical scheme, this device also comprises second fluid passage, and this second fluid passage flows through heat storage box, the cold air in environment can be absorbed in the process by second fluid passage the heat of heat storage box, obtains hot-air.
In further technical scheme, by the outer wall of heat storage box, between the inwall of heat storage box and the outer wall of first fluid passage and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of first fluid passage of inside of heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.Increase the heat transfer area of heat storage box and photovoltaic cell and heat storage box and first fluid passage, improve heat transfer efficiency.
In further technical scheme, through hole can be provided with on heat transfer fins.By heat transfer fins, the space between heat storage box and interior pipe is divided into multiple cavity, ensures to be communicated with between each cavity, be convenient to filling heat-storage medium in cavity.
Compared with prior art, a kind of photovoltaic apparatus provided by the invention, comprises photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device and photovoltaic cell, and photovoltaic cell is connected with heat storage box by insulating heat-conductive component.While it utilizes photovoltaic generation, and the waste heat utilizing photovoltaic cell to produce obtains hot water, hot-air, thus photovoltaic generation and solar water combine with technique is got up.
In further technical scheme, by arranging heat-insulation layer in the enclosure, heat storage box and interior tubular heat is avoided to scatter and disappear.
In further technical scheme, by arranging light gathering reflector component in the enclosure, the sunray departing from photovoltaic cell being reflexed on photovoltaic cell again, increasing the light amount that photovoltaic cell receives, improve photovoltaic cell capable of generating power efficiency.
In further technical scheme, can rotating around photovoltaic cell in whole or in part of light gathering reflector component, at overcast and rainy or night, under photovoltaic cell non operating state, by parallel with the length direction of photovoltaic cell for the rotating shaft bearing of trend of light gathering reflector component, can rotate to second service position that can cover photovoltaic cell, scattering and disappearing of fluid heat in interior pipe can be avoided, reach the effect of insulation.
In further technical scheme, another side opposing with its reflecting surface on light gathering reflector component arranges heat-insulation layer, when light gathering reflector component rotates second service position that extremely can cover photovoltaic cell around photovoltaic cell, increase the heat insulation effect to fluid heat in first fluid passage.
In further technical scheme, when at least one ventilation duct of outer setting at heat storage box, by arranging blower fan in the enclosure, and ventilation hole is offered on shell, under the effect of blower fan, air in environment is incorporated in ventilation duct by ventilation hole, and accelerates the air flowing in ventilation duct.
In further technical scheme, cover sealed transparent cover plate in shell upper end, avoid external environment condition on the impact of photovoltaic cell and light gathering reflector component, play waterproof, hide the effect of ash.
Compared with prior art, a kind of photovoltaic system provided by the invention, it is connected by least two photovoltaic apparatus and/or is connected in parallel and forms, and forms integral structure; This structure is simple, safe and practical, easy for installation; Secondly, roof and exterior wall resource can be excavated, using the part of this system as building, integral installation and use cost can be reduced, eliminate the adverse effect that traditional solar thermal system and photovoltaic system cause building, be conducive to large-scale promotion application.Moreover, be tightly connected between two adjacent photovoltaic apparatus, avoid rainwater to enter into photovoltaic apparatus inside.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Also with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail based on the embodiment being only indefiniteness hereinafter.Wherein:
The structural representation of the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device that Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one.
The structural representation of the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device that Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two.
The photovoltaic apparatus structural representation that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three.
The photovoltaic apparatus structural representation that Fig. 8, Fig. 9 provide for the embodiment of the present invention four.
Figure 10 is the overall structure schematic diagram of photovoltaic apparatus of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
1-shell, 2-photovoltaic cell, 3-heat storage box, 4-insulating heat-conductive component, 5-first fluid passage, 6-light gathering reflector component, 7-heat transfer fins, 8-second fluid passage, 9-transparent cover plate, 10-ventilation hole.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device of the present embodiment, at least one heat storage box 3 for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer comprising first fluid passage 5 and be arranged on first fluid passage 5, described heat storage box 3 inside is filled with heat-storage medium.
Fluid in first fluid passage 5 can be gas, as air, by one end of first fluid passage 5, the cold air in external environment condition is delivered in first fluid passage 5, heat-storage medium in heat storage box 3 absorbs the heat of photovoltaic cell, and transfer heat to the cold air of flowing in first fluid passage 5, reach cooling photovoltaic cell, improve the object of photoelectric conversion efficiency, simultaneously, cold air absorbs heat, obtain hot-air, and be delivered to external environment condition by the other end of first fluid passage 5, can be used for indoor heating circulation.
In addition, fluid in first fluid passage 5 also can be liquid, as water, heat-storage medium in heat storage box 3 absorbs the heat of photovoltaic cell, and transfer heat to the water of flowing in first fluid passage 5, while cooling photovoltaic cell, high-temperature-hot-water in also can obtaining, for user provides domestic water.
In the present embodiment, first fluid passage 5 can pass heat storage box 3, and namely heat storage box 3 is wrapped on first fluid passage 5.Meanwhile, first fluid passage 5 also can be arranged on the outer wall of heat storage box 3.Wherein, first fluid passage 5 can engage with the outer wall of heat storage box 3; First fluid passage 5 also can be matched with the outer wall of heat storage box 3 by sheet material and be formed.It should be noted that, first fluid passage 5 is not unique with the combining form of heat storage box 3, but all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, due to the usual in use One's name is legion of photovoltaic cell, if when adopting a heat storage box 3 to carry out energy recovery storage to all cell pieces, the heat energy that multiple photovoltaic cell produces can exceed the heat storage capacity of heat storage box 3, thus cause heat storage box 3 supersaturation, and then the heat energy causing photovoltaic cell to produce cannot reclaim storage completely, cause scattering and disappearing of heat energy.
For this reason, heat storage box 3 can be multiple, and multiple heat storage box 3 is connected and/or is connected in parallel by first fluid passage 5.
Wherein, when the heat storage box 3 be connected is for series connection, namely first fluid passage 5 is first by after a heat storage box 3, then by another heat storage box 3.When the heat storage box 3 be connected is in parallel, namely first fluid passage 5 is simultaneously through two or more heat storage box 3, and then converges, and then continues through other heat storage box 3.
It is to be understood that when heat storage box 3 is multiple, on first fluid passage 5, heat storage box 3 can all be connected in series, and also can all be connected in parallel, also can the Hybrid connections that all has of series, parallel.
In the present embodiment, in order to improve the heat exchanger effectiveness between heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage 5 and between first fluid passage 5 and the fluid of its inside, the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of first fluid passage 5 of inside of heat storage box 3 and can be positioned on the outer wall of heat storage box 3, between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
For the ease of understanding, introduce the embodiment that several heat transfer fins is arranged below:
Embodiment one, as shown in Figure 2, comprise at least one heat storage box 3 for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer that first fluid leads to 5 and is arranged on first fluid passage 5, the inside of heat storage box 3 is filled with heat-storage medium.And heat transfer fins 7 is provided with between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3.
Space between the outer wall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 is divided into multiple cavity by heat transfer fins 7, heat-storage medium is filled respectively in this cavity, filling for ease of heat-storage medium, through hole can be set on heat transfer fins 7, make to be interconnected between each cavity, only need filling heat-storage medium in a cavity wherein, namely heat-storage medium is full of each cavity by the through hole on heat transfer fins 7.By arranging heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3, add the heat transfer area of heat-storage medium and heat storage box 3 outer wall in heat storage box 3, too increase the heat transfer area of heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage 5 simultaneously, thus improve heat transfer efficiency.
Fluid in first fluid passage 5 can be water or cold air, its process receiving heat is: the heat conduction that photovoltaic cell distributes is to the outer wall of heat storage box 3, the outer wall of heat storage box 3 by the inwall of heat transfer fins 7 and heat storage box 3 by heat conduction to the heat-storage medium in each cavity, heat-storage medium absorbs heat by heat conduction to the water in first fluid passage 5 or cold air, water in first fluid passage 5 or cold air absorb heat and form middle high-temperature-hot-water or hot-air, can be indoor heating circulation when user provides domestic water or winter.
Embodiment two, as shown in Figure 3, comprise at least one heat storage box 3 for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer that first fluid leads to 5 and is arranged on first fluid passage 5, the inside of heat storage box 3 is filled with heat-storage medium.And between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3, be provided with heat transfer fins 7, and be positioned at heat storage box 3 inside first fluid passage 5 inwall on be provided with heat transfer fins 7.
Wherein, the heat transfer fins that arranges between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 57 be positioned at heat storage box 3 inside first fluid passage 5 inwall on the heat transfer fins 7 that arranges can be integral type and arrange, also can be split type setting.
Wherein, integral type arranges and refers to that the one end of the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 directly extends to the inside of first fluid passage 5.Split type setting refers to that the one end of the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 extends to the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, the inwall of first fluid passage 5 arranges heat transfer fins 7 in addition, and extends to the inside of first fluid passage 5.
Space between the outer wall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 is divided into multiple cavity by heat transfer fins 7, fills heat-storage medium respectively in this cavity.Be provided with heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, heat transfer fins 7 is provided with through hole.
Particularly, when on the outer wall that one end of heat transfer fins 7 extends to first fluid passage 5, filling for ease of heat-storage medium, through hole can be set on heat transfer fins 7, make to be interconnected between each cavity, only need filling heat-storage medium in a cavity wherein, namely heat-storage medium is full of each cavity by the through hole on heat transfer fins 7.By arranging heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3, add the heat transfer area of heat-storage medium and heat storage box 3 outer wall in heat storage box 3, too increase the heat transfer area of heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage 5 simultaneously, thus improve heat transfer efficiency.
Further particularly, when the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3 not yet extends on the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, through hole can be offered on this heat transfer fins 7, also can facilitate the filling of heat-storage medium.
Fluid in first fluid passage 5 can be water or cold air, its process receiving heat is: the heat conduction that photovoltaic cell distributes is to the outer wall of heat storage box 3, the outer wall of heat storage box 3 by the inwall of heat transfer fins 7 and heat storage box 3 by heat conduction to the heat-storage medium in each cavity, heat-storage medium absorb heat and by the inwall of first fluid passage 5 and be positioned at heat storage box 3 inside first fluid passage 5 inwall on heat transfer fins 7 by heat conduction to the water of first fluid passage 5 or cold air, water in first fluid passage 5 or cold air absorb heat and form middle high-temperature-hot-water or hot-air, can be indoor heating circulation when user provides domestic water or winter.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments are only the set-up mode of part heat transfer fins, but are not limited to this two kinds of execution modes, and other heat transfer fins according to above-mentioned setting position combination in any, but all can should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment two:
As the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device provided in embodiment one, when in first fluid passage during logical liquid, hot water can only be produced and supply water and use, when ventilate in first fluid passage body time, warm braw can only be done and use.It utilizes means single to heat energy, can not meet the instructions for use of people well.
For this reason, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device of the present embodiment comprises at least one heat storage box 3 for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer that first fluid leads to 5 and is arranged on first fluid passage 5, and the inside of heat storage box 3 is filled with heat-storage medium.In addition, also comprise second fluid passage 8, second fluid passage 8 flows through heat storage box 3.
In the present embodiment, in order to improve between heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage 5 and/or second fluid passage 8 and first fluid passage 5 and/or the heat exchanger effectiveness between second fluid passage 8 and the fluid of its inside, the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of first fluid passage 5 of inside of heat storage box 3 between the inwall of second fluid passage 8 on the outer wall of heat storage box 3, between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, in the inside of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 and can be positioned at or many places arrange heat transfer fins 7.
For ease of understanding, introduce the embodiment that several heat transfer fins is arranged below:
Embodiment one, as shown in Figure 4, first fluid passage 5 and described second fluid passage 8 are all through heat storage box 3, and second fluid passage 8 is set in the outside of first fluid passage 5; Be provided with heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, the inwall being positioned at the second fluid passage 8 of the inside of heat storage box 3 is provided with heat transfer fins 7.
Space between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8 is divided into multiple cavity by heat transfer fins 7, fills heat-storage medium respectively in this cavity.Be provided with heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, heat transfer fins 7 is provided with through hole.
Particularly, when on the outer wall that heat transfer fins 7 extends to second fluid passage 8, filling for ease of heat-storage medium, through hole can be set on heat transfer fins 7, make to be interconnected between each cavity, only need filling heat-storage medium in a cavity wherein, namely heat-storage medium is full of each cavity by the through hole on heat transfer fins 7.
Further particularly, when the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8 of heat storage box 3 not yet extends on the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, through hole can be offered on this heat transfer fins 7, also can facilitate the filling of heat-storage medium.
The heat transfer process of the photovoltaic apparatus of execution mode one is, can at the delivered inside water of first fluid passage 5, simultaneously at the delivered inside cold air of second fluid passage 8, and the arrival end of second fluid passage 8, the port of export or its upper place or many places are provided with the blower fan for accelerating second fluid passage 8 inner fluid speed.The heat conduction that photovoltaic cell distributes is to the outer wall of heat storage box 3, the outer wall of heat storage box 3 by the inwall of heat transfer fins 7 and heat storage box 3 by heat conduction to the heat-storage medium in each cavity, heat-storage medium absorb heat and by the inwall of second fluid passage 8 and be positioned at heat storage box 3 inside second fluid passage 8 inwall on heat transfer fins 7 by heat conduction to the cold air of second fluid passage 8, cold air absorbs heat and forms hot-air, can be used for the heating circulation of indoor during winter.Meanwhile, the water in first fluid passage 5 also absorbs heat and forms middle high-temperature-hot-water, can be user and provides domestic water.Solar energy utilization ratio is being provided, while improving photovoltaic cell photoelectric conversion efficiency, is obtaining hot-air and hot water simultaneously, meeting daily life water and heat supply in winter circulation.
Embodiment two, first fluid passage 5 and described second fluid passage 8 are all through heat storage box 3, and second fluid passage 8 and first fluid passage 5 interval are arranged.Between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, be positioned at the inside of heat storage box 3 second fluid passage 8 inwall on and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of first fluid passage 5 of inside of heat storage box 3 or many places are provided with heat transfer fins 7.
Fig. 5 gives second fluid passage 8 and is arranged in heat storage box 3, and when second fluid passage 8 and first fluid passage 5 interval are arranged, wherein a kind of arrangement of heat transfer fins 7.Be provided with heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, be provided with heat transfer fins 7; Space between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage 5 is divided into multiple cavity by heat transfer fins, space between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and second fluid passage 8 is divided into multiple cavity by heat transfer fins 7, heat-storage medium is filled in multiple cavity, water is carried in first fluid passage 5, cold air is carried in second fluid passage 8, heat-storage medium in cavity absorbs the heat that photovoltaic cell distributes, and heat is passed to the water in first fluid passage 5 and the cold air in second fluid passage 8, obtain hot water and hot-air simultaneously.
Filling for ease of heat-storage medium, when arranging heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3, and/or when heat transfer fins 7 is set between the inwall of described heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, heat transfer fins 7 arranges through hole.
Particularly, the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3 extends on the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, when the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8 of heat storage box 3 extends on the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, through hole need be set on heat transfer fins 7, each cavity between the inwall of each cavity between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage 5 and heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8 is interconnected, only need filling heat-storage medium in a cavity wherein, namely heat-storage medium is full of each cavity by the through hole on heat transfer fins 7.
Further particularly, the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3 not yet extends on the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, when the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of second fluid passage 8 of heat storage box 3 not yet extends on the outer wall of second fluid passage 8, through hole can be set on heat transfer fins 7, also facilitate heat-storage medium to fill each cavity by the space between heat transfer fins 7 and first fluid passage 5 and the space between heat transfer fins 7 and second fluid passage 8.
Embodiment three, first fluid passage 5 is through heat storage box 3, and second fluid passage 8 and first fluid passage 5 interval are arranged, and second fluid passage 8 is arranged on the outer wall of heat storage box 3.On the outer wall of heat storage box 3, between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of first fluid passage 5 of inside of heat storage box 3 or many places are provided with heat transfer fins 7.
Fig. 6 gives second fluid passage 8 and first fluid passage 5 interval is arranged, when second fluid passage 8 is arranged on the outer wall of described heat storage box 3, and wherein a kind of arrangement of heat transfer fins 7.The outer wall of heat storage box 3 is provided with heat transfer fins 7, between the inwall and first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3, is also provided with heat transfer fins 7.And heat transfer fins 7 is provided with on the outer wall of heat storage box 3.The one end of the heat transfer fins 7 that the outer wall of heat storage box 3 is arranged is connected with the outer wall of heat storage box 3, and the other end dorsad heat storage box 3 extends, and is connected with second fluid passage 8 inwall; The space of the outer wall of the inwall of second fluid passage 8 and heat storage box 3 is divided into multiple cavity by multiple heat transfer fins 7, can carry cold air in cavity, absorbs heat, produces hot-air.In addition, space between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 is divided into multiple cavity by the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, heat-storage medium is filled in the plurality of cavity, and water is carried in first fluid passage 5, water in first fluid passage 5 absorbs heat, obtain hot water, for user provides domestic water.
Space between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 is divided into multiple cavity by heat transfer fins 7, fills heat-storage medium respectively in this cavity.Be provided with heat transfer fins 7 between the inwall of heat storage box 3 and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, and/or be provided with 7 heat transfer fins between the outer wall of the inwall of heat storage box 3 and second fluid passage 8, heat transfer fins 7 is provided with through hole.
Particularly, when on the outer wall that heat transfer fins 7 extends to first fluid passage 5, filling for ease of heat-storage medium, through hole can be set on heat transfer fins 7, make to be interconnected between each cavity, only need filling heat-storage medium in a cavity wherein, namely heat-storage medium is full of each cavity by the through hole on heat transfer fins 7.
Further particularly, when the heat transfer fins 7 arranged between the inwall and the outer wall of first fluid passage 5 of heat storage box 3 not yet extends on the outer wall of first fluid passage 5, through hole can be offered on this heat transfer fins 7, also facilitate the filling of heat-storage medium by the space between heat transfer fins 7 and first fluid passage 5.
It should be noted that, execution mode one, execution mode two and execution mode three is the different arrangements of first fluid passage and second fluid passage, and these three kinds of arrangements can independently use, also use capable of being combined.
It should be noted that further, above-mentioned three kinds of embodiments are only the set-up mode of part heat transfer fins, but are not limited to this three kinds of execution modes, and other heat transfer fins according to above-mentioned setting position combination in any, but all can should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the photovoltaic apparatus of the present embodiment comprises above-described embodiment one and the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device described by embodiment two and photovoltaic cell 2, and photovoltaic cell 2 is connected with heat storage box 3 by insulating heat-conductive component 4.
Further, heat storage box 3 and photovoltaic cell 2 are contained in shell 1, and arrange heat-insulation layer in shell 1.
The heat-insulation layer arranged in shell 1, particularly, comprises bottom heat-insulation layer and end heat-insulation layer; Wherein, bottom heat-insulation layer is arranged in the bottom of shell 1 inside, and as being arranged in the bottom heat-insulation layer at C place, and bottom this, heat-insulation layer has the groove embedding heat storage box 3; End heat-insulation layer is arranged in the end position of shell 1 inside.By arranging heat-insulation layer in shell 1, reduce the heat loss of fluid in heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage and/or second fluid passage.
Further, cover sealed transparent cover plate 9 in the upper end of shell 1, avoid external environment condition on the impact of photovoltaic cell 2, play the effect of waterproof, anti-gray.
It should be noted that, for increasing the speed of service of fluid in second fluid passage 8, ventilation hole can be offered on shell 1, and the arrival end of second fluid passage 8, the port of export or its upper place or many places are provided with blower fan, under the effect of blower fan, air in environment is incorporated in second fluid passage 8 by the ventilation hole on shell 1, and accelerates the fluid flowing in second fluid passage 8.And second fluid passage 8 can be parallel to the setting of heat storage box 3 length direction or arrange perpendicular to heat storage box 3 length direction.In addition, also ventilation hole can be set at shell 1 sidewall, air draft passage is set in shell 1 bottom outside, for the cold air in environment is incorporated in second fluid passage 8 by ventilation hole, and the hot-air in second fluid passage 8 is delivered in environment.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, the photovoltaic apparatus of the present embodiment comprises above-described embodiment one and the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device described by embodiment two and photovoltaic cell 2, and photovoltaic cell 2 is connected with heat storage box 3 by insulating heat-conductive component 4.
Further, heat storage box 3 and photovoltaic cell 2 are contained in shell 1, and arrange heat-insulation layer in shell 1.
The heat-insulation layer arranged in shell 1, particularly, comprises bottom heat-insulation layer, middle edge heat-insulation layer and end heat-insulation layer; Wherein, bottom heat-insulation layer is arranged in the bottom of shell 1 inside, and as being arranged in the bottom heat-insulation layer at C place, and bottom this, heat-insulation layer has the groove embedding heat storage box 3; Middle edge heat-insulation layer is arranged in another side opposing with its reflecting surface on light gathering reflector component 6, as being arranged in edge heat-insulation layer in A place; End heat-insulation layer is arranged in the end position of shell 1 inside.Reduce the heat loss of fluid in heat storage box 3 and first fluid passage and/or second fluid passage 8.
Further, the present embodiment also comprises light gathering reflector component 6, adopt the form of two-sided optically focused, particularly, the bilateral symmetry that light gathering reflector component 6 is specially along photovoltaic cell 2 length direction is arranged, the concentration magnification of light gathering reflector component 6 is 1.5 ~ 2.5 times, the sunray that major part can be departed from photovoltaic cell 2 reflexes to photovoltaic cell 2 again, certain optics tolerance angle can be kept to realize non-athletic tracing collection effect, namely when not adopting any tracking to drive, adopt the light gathering reflector component 6 under this concentration magnification still can realize good spotlight effect.
Further, can rotating around photovoltaic cell 2 in whole or in part of light gathering reflector component 6, and the rotating shaft bearing of trend of described light gathering reflector component 6 is parallel with the length direction of described photovoltaic cell 2; Wherein, light gathering reflector component 6 can rotate to the first service position around photovoltaic cell 2, thus light is reflexed to photovoltaic cell 2; Light gathering reflector component 6 can rotate to the second service position around photovoltaic cell 2, thus is covered by photovoltaic cell 2.
Particularly, when there being sunlight, light gathering reflector component 6 is rotated to the first service position around photovoltaic cell 2, the position residing for light gathering reflector component 6 as shown in Figure 7, now, sunlight is reflexed to photovoltaic cell 2 by light gathering reflector component 6, implements concentrating photovoltaic power generation.When without sunlight, photovoltaic cell 2 is in non operating state, now, light gathering reflector component 6 is rotated to the second service position around photovoltaic cell 2, cover photovoltaic cell 2, reduce the lost of the heat storage box 3 that is connected with photovoltaic cell 2 and first fluid passage and/or second fluid passage heat, preferably, another side opposing with its reflecting surface on light gathering reflector component 6 can be furnished with heat-insulation layer, the heat-insulation layer of a part as shown in Figure 7 is communicated with light gathering reflector component 6 and jointly rotates the second service position to covering photovoltaic cell 2 around photovoltaic cell 2, photovoltaic cell 2 covers by heat-insulation layer and the light gathering reflector component 6 of a1 part as shown in Figure 7, thus the heat insulation effect increased fluid in first fluid passage and/or second fluid passage.
Further, cover sealed transparent cover plate 9 in the upper end of shell 1, avoid external environment condition on the impact of photovoltaic cell 2 and light gathering reflector component 6, play the effect of waterproof, anti-gray.
It should be noted that, for increasing the speed of service of fluid in second fluid passage, ventilation hole can be offered on shell 1, and the arrival end of second fluid passage, the port of export or its upper place or many places are provided with blower fan, under the effect of blower fan, air in environment is incorporated in second fluid passage by the ventilation hole on shell 1, and accelerates the fluid flowing in second fluid passage.And second fluid passage can be parallel to the setting of heat storage box 3 length direction or arrange perpendicular to heat storage box 3 length direction.In addition, also ventilation hole can be set at shell 1 sidewall, air draft passage is set in shell 1 bottom outside, for the cold air in environment is incorporated in second fluid passage by ventilation hole, and the hot-air in second fluid passage is delivered in environment.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 9, light gathering reflector component 6 also can be the form of one side optically focused, particularly, arrange light gathering reflector component 6 in the side of photovoltaic cell 2 length direction, photovoltaic cell 2 is arranged on the sunny side, light gathering reflector component 6 has certain tolerance angle, sunray X under different angles in a day can be reflexed on photovoltaic cell 2 when non-tracking sunlight, while reducing costs, ensure that photovoltaic cell receives more sunray.
Above-mentioned described light gathering reflector component 6 can be parabolic concentration speculum or is coated with the light gathering reflector component 6 of film material or other known reflecting members in reflector.
It should be noted that, the end structure of the present embodiment housing 1 can facilitate multiple photovoltaic apparatus to connect and/or parallel connection, photovoltaic apparatus as shown in Figure 9, the E end of shell 1 can be entrenched in the F end of the shell 1 of another photovoltaic apparatus, ensures that multiple photovoltaic apparatus is combined into one well.
For ease of understanding above-described embodiment, Figure 10 gives the overall structure figure of photovoltaic apparatus of the present invention, this overall structure schematic diagram only gives the part-structure of photovoltaic apparatus of the present invention, the concrete structure of photovoltaic apparatus of the present invention comprises above-described embodiment three, structure described by embodiment four, is not limited to the structure chart given by Fig. 9.
As shown in Figure 10, photovoltaic apparatus comprises shell 1, photovoltaic cell 2 and heat storage box 3, and heat storage box 3 is multiple, and multiple heat storage box 3 is connected in series by first fluid passage 5.
Also comprise light gathering reflector component 6, rotating around photovoltaic cell 2 in whole or in part of light gathering reflector component 6, light gathering reflector component 6 can rotate to the first service position around photovoltaic cell 2, thus light is reflexed to photovoltaic cell 2; Light gathering reflector component 6 can rotate to the second service position around photovoltaic cell 2, thus is covered by photovoltaic cell 2.
Shell 1 being also provided with ventilation hole 10, when being provided with second fluid passage, the blower fan for accelerating second fluid inner fluid passage flow velocity can being provided with at the entrance of second fluid passage, outlet or its upper place or many places.
Cover sealed transparent cover plate 9 in shell 1 upper end, avoid external environment condition on the impact of photovoltaic cell 2 and light gathering reflector component 6, play the effect of waterproof, anti-gray.
Embodiment five
Photovoltaic apparatus in above-described embodiment three and embodiment four connected and/or is connected in parallel, forming a kind of photovoltaic system, forming integral structure, and being mutually fitting for one by the end structure of shell, ensureing that multiple photovoltaic apparatus is combined into one well.This structure is simple, safe and practical, easy for installation; By filling heat-storage medium in heat storage box, this heat-storage medium can be Sodium acetate trihydrate or other have the ergastic substances of higher latent heat of phase change, adds the radiating efficiency of photovoltaic cell, improves heat exchange efficiency; By day, heat-storage medium absorbs the heat that photovoltaic cell distributes, and undergoes phase transition, and heats the fluid in first fluid passage and/or second fluid passage; At night, heat-storage medium is cooled to solid-state again, can be adapted to the heat absorption phase transformation on daytime well, keeps photovoltaic cell efficiency power generation, adapts to various environment; Secondly, roof and exterior wall resource can be excavated, using the part of this photovoltaic system as building, integral installation and use cost can be reduced, eliminate the adverse effect that traditional solar thermal system and photovoltaic system cause building, be conducive to large-scale promotion application.Moreover, be tightly connected between two adjacent photovoltaic apparatus, avoid rainwater to enter into heat-storing device inside.
It should be noted that, when the light gathering reflector component adopted in photovoltaic apparatus is one side optically focused, connected by multiple photovoltaic apparatus and or the photovoltaic system integral structure formed in parallel can be arranged in horizontal roof or on the external wall that faces south or directly use as building materials, photovoltaic cell is arranged on the sunny side, light gathering reflector component has certain tolerance angle, sunlight under different angles in a day can be reflexed to photovoltaic cell when non-tracking sunlight, while reducing costs, ensure that photovoltaic cell receives more sunray.
When the light gathering reflector component adopted in photovoltaic apparatus is two-sided optically focused, by multiple photovoltaic apparatus string and or the in parallel photovoltaic system integral structure formed can be arranged in inclined roof, photovoltaic cell is arranged on the sunny side, light gathering reflector component has certain tolerance angle, can realize non-athletic tracing collection effect.
Obviously, under the prerequisite not departing from true spirit of the present invention and scope, the present invention described here can have many changes.Therefore, all changes that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, all should be included within scope that these claims contain.The present invention's scope required for protection is only limited by described claims.
Claims (20)
1. a photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device, it is characterized in that, at least one heat storage box for being connected with photovoltaic cell heat transfer comprising first fluid passage and be arranged on described first fluid passage, the inside of described heat storage box is filled with heat-storage medium.
2. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat storage box is multiple, and multiple described heat storage box is connected and/or is connected in parallel by described first fluid passage.
3. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, also comprise second fluid passage, and described second fluid passage flows through described heat storage box.
4. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the arrival end of described second fluid passage, the port of export or its upper place or many places are provided with the blower fan for accelerating described second fluid inner fluid passage flow velocity.
5. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first fluid passage and described second fluid passage are all through described heat storage box, and described second fluid channel sleeve is located at the outside of described first fluid passage.
6. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first fluid passage and described second fluid passage are all through described heat storage box, and described second fluid passage and described first fluid channel spacing are arranged.
7. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first fluid passage is through described heat storage box, and described second fluid channel setting is on the outer wall of described heat storage box.
8. the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that, on the outer wall of described heat storage box, between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of described first fluid passage of inside of described heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
9. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, between the inwall of the described second fluid passage between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described second fluid passage, in the inside of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of described first fluid passage of inside of described heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
10. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage, between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described second fluid passage, be positioned at the inside of described heat storage box described second fluid passage inwall on and be positioned at the upper arbitrary place of the inwall of described first fluid passage of inside of described heat storage box or many places are provided with heat transfer fins.
11. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle devices according to claim 8, is characterized in that, be provided with described heat transfer fins, described heat transfer fins is provided with through hole between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage.
12. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle devices according to claim 9, is characterized in that, be provided with described heat transfer fins, described heat transfer fins is provided with through hole between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described second fluid passage.
13. photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle devices according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described heat transfer fins is provided with between the inwall of described heat storage box and the outer wall of described first fluid passage, and/or be provided with described heat transfer fins between the outer wall of the inwall of described heat storage box and described second fluid passage, described heat transfer fins is provided with through hole.
14. 1 kinds of photovoltaic apparatus, is characterized in that, comprise the photovoltaic cell heat energy recycle device described in any one of the claims 1 to 13 and photovoltaic cell, and described photovoltaic cell is connected with described heat storage box by insulating heat-conductive component.
15. photovoltaic apparatus according to claim 14, is characterized in that, also comprise shell, and described heat storage box and described photovoltaic cell are contained in described shell, and arrange heat-insulation layer in described shell.
16. photovoltaic apparatus according to claim 14, is characterized in that, are also provided with light gathering reflector component.
17. photovoltaic apparatus according to claim 16, is characterized in that, rotating around described photovoltaic cell in whole or in part of described light gathering reflector component, and the rotating shaft bearing of trend of described light gathering reflector component is parallel with the length direction of described photovoltaic cell;
Wherein, described light gathering reflector component can rotate to the first service position around described photovoltaic cell, thus light is reflexed to described photovoltaic cell;
Described light gathering reflector component can rotate to the second service position around described photovoltaic cell, thus is covered by described photovoltaic cell.
18. photovoltaic apparatus according to claim 17, is characterized in that, described light gathering reflector component rotates to described second service position around described photovoltaic cell, and on described light gathering reflector component, the another side opposing with its reflecting surface is furnished with heat-insulation layer.
19., according to claim 15 to the photovoltaic apparatus described in 18 any one, is characterized in that, end covers sealed transparent cover plate on the housing.
20. 1 kinds of photovoltaic systems, is characterized in that, comprise the photovoltaic apparatus according to any one of at least two the claims 14 to 19, and multiple described photovoltaic apparatus is connected and/or is connected in parallel; And be tightly connected between adjacent two described photovoltaic apparatus.
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