CN105436406A - Precision lost wax casting technology based on selective laser powder sintering 3D printing - Google Patents
Precision lost wax casting technology based on selective laser powder sintering 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105436406A CN105436406A CN201510864470.7A CN201510864470A CN105436406A CN 105436406 A CN105436406 A CN 105436406A CN 201510864470 A CN201510864470 A CN 201510864470A CN 105436406 A CN105436406 A CN 105436406A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precision lost wax casting technology based on selective laser powder sintering 3D printing. The precision lost wax casting technology comprises the following steps that S101, a target part is subjected to optimal design of a CAD casting technology; S102, selective laser powder sintering 3D printing forming is carried out; and S103, silica sol/water glass precision investment casting is carried out. A wax mold of the part can be fast manufactured without molds, the metal part is fast manufactured, fast manufacturing of complex parts can be achieved, and integration, automation and fastness in the precision casting technology process can be achieved; and the development period of new products are greatly shortened, development cost is reduced, and the precision lost wax casting technology is especially suitable for production of single small-batch complex castings and trial-manufacturing of new products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting technique, particularly relate to a kind of accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser.
Background technology
3D printing technique is the principle based on dispersed material successively stack shaping, according to product three-dimensional CAD model, fast " printing " go out the Digitized Manufacturing Technology of product prototype or parts, merged the multi-subject knowledge such as computer software, material, machinery, control, network information systematicness, integrated technology.3D prints change " subtracting material " and is processed as " three-dimensional printing ", 3D solid is become two dimensional surface, reduce and manufacture complexity, allow designer no longer by traditional handicraft and manufacturing resource limits, be absorbed in product shape originality and function innovation, under " namely design produces ", " design and product " theory, pursue " creating limitless "; The design of parts can adopting optimum structural design, without the need to considering processing problems, solving a manufacture difficult problem for the high-end complicated fine structure parts of chain drive such as traditional Aero-Space, boats and ships, automobile.Simultaneously owing to simplifying or eliminating the link such as technological preparation, test, Product Digitalization Design, manufacture, analysis very high integrity, greatly reduce research and development of products innovation cost, shorten the innovation R&D cycle.3D prints and breaches construction geometry constraint, the offbeat form feature that conventional method cannot be processed can be produced, be particularly suitable for the fast verification of labyrinth, individual character manufacturing and innovation thinking, this technological ability for realizing parts lightweight, Optimal performance has extremely important meaning.But the precision casting process that tradition prints based on 3D still exists many deficiencies, such as, for the prototype of different model, need the support adding different size, increase prints difficulty and prototype is easily out of shape, impact casting efficiency, and waste material.Conventional wax running gate system, the part colophony prototype after completing manually need arrange rod wax, waste time and energy, and affect and artisan craftsmanship by made running gate system, is difficult to guarantee casting metals part quality and stability thus adds process complexity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, by a kind of accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser, solve the problem that above background technology part is mentioned.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Based on the accurate lost wax casting technique that the powder sintered 3D of selective laser prints, comprise the steps:
S101, target part is carried out to the optimal design of CAD casting technique;
The powder sintered 3D printing shaping of S102, selective laser;
S103, the close casting of Ludox/sodium silicate precision investment.
Especially, described step S101 specifically comprises:
Set up the threedimensional model of target part, by certain dimension scale, pre-convergent-divergent process is carried out to each position of target part block mold, and directly corresponding running gate system is designed on the threedimensional model of this target part, make the threedimensional model of target part and running gate system thereof form a target part block mold.
Especially, described step S102 specifically comprises:
Convert target part block mold to STL data format, carry out relevant pre-treatment, this pre-treatment includes but not limited to following machining parameters optimization technique successively: part Print direction location, digital simulation and processing is estimated, heat layer identification and slicing treatment;
The model data completing slicing treatment is carried out selective laser powder sintered 3D printing rapid prototyping system and carry out laser sintered 3D printing shaping;
Obtain the target part overall PS material original workpiece with non-sintered powder after having printed, carry out powder process clearly;
Target part after clear powder process being completed overall PS material original workpiece carries out oozing Lasaxing Oilfield in the certain wax temperature of self-control Shen La mechanism, then carries out dry post processing with the baking oven of controllable temperature.
Especially, described step S103 specifically comprises:
Successively Ludox/waterglass hanging stucco shell is carried out to the overall PS material original workpiece of target part;
After completing shell processed, the overall PS material original workpiece of target part is carried out formwork dewaxing operation, after dewaxing treatment to be done, the overall PS material original workpiece of target part and shell entirety thereof are put in high-temperature roasting furnace and carry out high-temperature roasting;
Taking out completing the target part shell after roasting from high-temperature roasting furnace and casting molten metal liquid, after its cooling, carrying out vibrations shelling, remove the hard shell being coated on cast outer surface;
Running gate system is excised, then carries out foundry goods post processing, final obtained target part precision metallic foundry goods.
Especially, in described step S102 post processing comprise carry out successively non-sintered powder remove, ooze Lasaxing Oilfield, drying and surface cleaning.
Especially, in described step S102, wax temperature should be arranged by different-thickness, when thickness evenly or thickness be less than the original workpiece of 10mm, wax temperature should be set in 65 ~ 70 DEG C; When thickness is between 10 ~ 30mm or original workpiece in uneven thickness, wax temperature should be set in 58 ~ 63 DEG C; When thickness is greater than 30mm or original workpiece in uneven thickness, wax temperature should be set in 58 ~ 60 DEG C.
Especially, ooze Lasaxing Oilfield in described step S102 specifically to comprise: first heating-up temperature is set to predetermined value, then wax pond is put into after wax being smashed, oozing Lasaxing Oilfield process answers uniform descent to all immersing wax pond, ensure that prototype does not occur workpiece deformation by thermal softening, caves in, until prototype bubble-free is emerged, at the uniform velocity wax pond is proposed prototype.
Especially, carry out drying with the baking oven of controllable temperature in described step S102 and comprise: the wax-pattern prototype of oozing Lasaxing Oilfield is placed in the baking oven of 65 DEG C after dry 10 minutes, then Air flow.
Especially, Ludox in described step S103/waterglass hanging stucco shell comprises: often hang primary pulp hanging and spread one deck sand accordingly, etc. next stratotype shell of hanging stucco system again after last stratotype shell drying sclerosis, and all use Mo Laisha except spreading zircon sand after hanging first as each stucco follow-up except surface layer sand, repeatedly carry out 4-6 Ludox/waterglass hanging and stucco process, and then carry out Ludox/waterglass seal mortar treatent, after its dry sclerosis, shell completes.
Especially, in described step S103, the technique of formwork dewaxing adopts water-bath-roasting dewaxing, and water temperature is at about 90 ~ 100 DEG C, 25 ~ 30 minutes time, the PS material in formwork is removed in roasting, temperature 250 ~ 280 DEG C, and the time is within 30 ~ 50 minutes, make prototype in formwork disappear completely; The temperature of formwork high-temperature roasting furnace is 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, and insulation 2 is little pours into a mould after the fully sintered solidification of formwork.
The accurate lost wax casting technique based on selective laser powder sintered 3D printing that the present invention proposes does not need just to produce " wax-pattern " of part fast with mould and produce metal parts fast, not only can realize complex parts to manufacture fast, and integrated, the automation, rapid of precision casting process process can be realized, greatly shorten the R&D cycle of new product, save R&D costs, be particularly suitable for the production of single and mini-batch production intricate casting and the trial-production of new product.Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is specific as follows: 1) adopt the powder sintered 3D of selective laser to print quick Fabrication and go out target part, have the overall PS prototype of running gate system and complete wax-pattern part, eliminate the assembled required labour cost of wax-pattern of intricate casting and required man-hour; 2) effectively improve precision size and the surface quality of part, wax-pattern precision can reach ± 0.1, and producing product, to have surface gloss high, and intensity is good; 3) the necessary die sinking of traditional accurate lost wax casting, and the part by one-step adopting the powder sintered 3D of selective laser to print is shaped, without the need to mould in whole manufacture process, both saved die manufacturing cost, shorten again the part manufacturing cycle, improve product development efficiency; 4) without any need for supporting construction can realize the Rapid Precision Casting of the part of any labyrinth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accurate lost wax casting process chart printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The target part block mold schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The overall full sectional view of target part that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Target part block mold+running gate system schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Target part block mold+running gate system full sectional view that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings, the present invention is described more fully.Preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in accompanying drawing.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, provide the object of these embodiments be make to disclosure of the present invention understand more thorough comprehensively.Unless otherwise defined, all technology used herein and scientific terminology are identical with belonging to the implication that those skilled in the art of the present invention understand usually.The object of term used in the description of the invention herein just in order to describe specific embodiment, is not intended to be restriction the present invention.Term as used herein " and/or " comprise arbitrary and all combinations of one or more relevant Listed Items.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, the accurate lost wax casting process chart printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser in the present embodiment specifically comprises the steps:
S101, target part is carried out to the optimal design of CAD casting technique.
The threedimensional model of target part is set up by 3 d modeling software, by certain dimension scale, pre-convergent-divergent process is carried out to each position of target part block mold, and directly corresponding running gate system is designed on the threedimensional model of this target part, make the threedimensional model of target part and running gate system thereof form a target part block mold.In the present embodiment, described 3 d modeling software can adopt any one in CATIA, Pro/E, UG, CREO and SolidWorks.
The powder sintered 3D printing shaping of S102, selective laser.
Convert target part block mold to STL data format, and import pre-processing software and carry out relevant pre-treatment, this pre-treatment includes but not limited to following machining parameters optimization technique successively: part Print direction location, digital simulation and processing is estimated, heat layer identification and slicing treatment.Wherein, described pre-processing software adopts direct slice software on three-dimensional models, adopts the HUST-3DP direct slice software on three-dimensional models of independent research in the present embodiment.HUST-3DP direct slice software on three-dimensional models is special-purpose assorted software, and major function is control and data processing two parts of equipment, (1), possess exclusive stl file Tolerant Slicing technology, does not need separately to join correction software and artificial error correction; (2), self-adapting slicing function: namely do not have vicissitudinous part at part serial section, the spacing that computer Lookup protocol is larger is enhanced productivity; Part serial section changes part greatly, the spacing that computer Lookup protocol is less, reduces step effect, improves parts quality.(3), original shape makes dynamic simulation and independent development thermal source supporting process.Can support according to the thermal source that part shape generates highly automatically and interval is adjustable, using thermal source to support in reduction key stratum temperature, when part of being more convenient for is cleared up, well can prevent the buckling deformation in part manufacturing process, improves the quality of part.(4), there is the light-dark cycle algorithm of strong error correction.When part manufacturing process, in order to ensure element precision, light-dark cycle must be carried out.But the positions such as the fine position of part or wedge angle, when carrying out light-dark cycle, very easily occur mistake, cause part to be cut into slices and make mistakes, thus cause processing unsuccessfully.And the light-dark cycle algorithm of this online Slice Software can address this problem.It should be noted that, described part Print direction location without any need for support, do not waste material, unsintered powder is reusable.
The model data completing slicing treatment is imported selective laser powder sintered 3D printing rapid prototyping system and carry out laser sintered 3D printing shaping.
Obtain the target part overall PS material original workpiece with non-sintered powder after having printed, carry out powder process clearly, to ensure the dimensional accuracy of prefabricated workpiece.
Target part after clear powder process being completed overall PS material original workpiece carries out oozing Lasaxing Oilfield in the certain wax temperature of self-control Shen La mechanism, then carries out dry post processing with the baking oven of controllable temperature.Wherein, post processing comprise carry out successively non-sintered powder remove, ooze Lasaxing Oilfield, drying and surface cleaning.Described wax temperature should be arranged by different-thickness, when thickness evenly or thickness be less than the original workpiece of 10mm, wax temperature should be set in 65 ~ 70 DEG C; When thickness is between 10 ~ 30mm or original workpiece in uneven thickness, wax temperature should be set in 58 ~ 63 DEG C; When thickness is greater than 30mm or original workpiece in uneven thickness, wax temperature should be set in 58 ~ 60 DEG C, and preferably carries out under vacuo.The described Lasaxing Oilfield that oozes specifically comprises: adopt and first heating-up temperature is set to predetermined value, then wax pond is put into after wax being smashed, oozing Lasaxing Oilfield process answers uniform descent to all immersing wax pond, ensure that prototype does not occur workpiece deformation by thermal softening, caves in, until prototype bubble-free is emerged (generally needing 1 ~ 3 minute), at the uniform velocity wax pond is proposed prototype.The baking oven of described controllable temperature carries out drying and comprises: the wax-pattern prototype of oozing Lasaxing Oilfield be placed in the baking oven of 65 DEG C after dry 10 minutes, then Air flow.
S103, the close casting of Ludox/sodium silicate precision investment.
Wax pattern assemblies; Successively Ludox/waterglass hanging stucco shell is carried out to the overall PS material original workpiece of target part.Ludox/waterglass hanging stucco shell comprises: often hang primary pulp hanging and spread one deck sand accordingly, etc. next stratotype shell of hanging stucco system again after last stratotype shell drying sclerosis, and all use Mo Laisha except spreading zircon sand after hanging first as each stucco follow-up except surface layer sand, repeatedly carry out 4-6 Ludox/waterglass hanging and stucco process, and then carry out Ludox/waterglass seal mortar treatent, after its dry sclerosis, shell completes.
After completing shell processed, the overall PS material original workpiece of target part is carried out formwork dewaxing operation, after dewaxing treatment to be done, the overall PS material original workpiece of target part and shell entirety thereof are put in high-temperature roasting furnace and carry out high-temperature roasting.Wherein, the technique of described formwork dewaxing adopts water-bath-roasting dewaxing, and water temperature is at 90 ~ 100 DEG C, and 25 ~ 30 minutes time, the PS material in formwork is removed in roasting, temperature 250 ~ 280 DEG C, and the time is within 30 ~ 50 minutes, make prototype in formwork disappear completely; The temperature of formwork high-temperature roasting furnace is 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, and insulation 2 is little pours into a mould after the fully sintered solidification of formwork.
Taking out completing the target part shell after roasting from high-temperature roasting furnace and casting molten metal liquid, after its cooling, carrying out vibrations shelling, remove the hard shell being coated on cast outer surface.
Running gate system is excised, then carries out foundry goods post processing, final obtained target part precision metallic foundry goods.
Below with instantiation, the invention will be further described.As Figure 2-Figure 5, the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser in the present embodiment comprises the steps:
Arbitrary 3 d modeling softwares such as CATIA, Pro/E, UG, CREO and SolidWorks are adopted to carry out CAD optimal design to target part model precision casting process.
Set up the threedimensional model of target part, the target part block mold schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, in Fig. 2,201 is the threedimensional model of target part, the overall full sectional view of target part that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.The threedimensional model of this target part directly designs corresponding running gate system.According to the design feature of different part, the dimension scale certain to the position of different wall carries out corresponding pre-shrink process to guarantee the precision of part in quick cast process.The threedimensional model of target part and running gate system form a complete target part model, target part block mold+running gate system schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, in Fig. 4,401 is running gate system, target part block mold+running gate system full sectional view that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The above-mentioned complete object part model completed is changed into STL data format, and with adopting the HUST-3DP direct slice software on three-dimensional models of independent research to carry out pre-treatment.According to the design feature of target part, optimum parts Print direction is selected successively to print.
The prototype completing printing in the present embodiment is carried out successively non-sintered powder to remove, the self-control Shen La mechanism being 65 ~ 70 DEG C in wax temperature carries out oozing Lasaxing Oilfield, wax-pattern prototype after oozing is placed on drying about 10 minutes Air flow again in the baking oven of 65 DEG C, finally carries out surface cleaning process and guarantee surface accuracy.
Successively Ludox/waterglass hanging stucco shell is carried out to target part overall prototype wax-pattern part, often hang once to starch and spread one deck sand accordingly, etc. next stratotype shell of hanging stucco system again after last stratotype shell drying sclerosis, and all use Mo Laisha except spreading zircon sand after hanging first as each stucco below except surface layer sand, so repeatedly carry out 4-6 Ludox/waterglass hanging and stucco process, and then carry out Ludox/waterglass seal mortar treatent, after its dry sclerosis, shell completes.
The formwork completed is adopted water-bath-roasting dewaxing technique, be that 100 DEG C of baths soak 10 minutes in water temperature, then temperature 250 ~ 280 DEG C of stove roastings 30 ~ 50 minutes, guarantee prototype PS material Thorough combustion, formwork is incubated 2 at the high-temperature roasting furnace of 950 ~ 1000 DEG C and littlely pours into a mould after the fully sintered solidification of formwork.
Technical scheme of the present invention is combined with traditional close casting technique of Ludox/sodium silicate precision investment by powder sintered for selective laser 3D printing technique, the wax-pattern part that once-forming making is complete, eliminates the assembled required labour cost of wax-pattern of intricate casting and required man-hour; Without the need to mould in whole manufacture process, both saved die manufacturing cost, and shortened again the part manufacturing cycle, improve product development efficiency; Effectively improve precision size and the surface quality of part, wax-pattern precision can reach ± 0.1, and producing product, to have surface gloss high, and intensity is good; Without any need for supporting construction can realize the Rapid Precision Casting of the part of any labyrinth.The present invention does not need just to produce " wax-pattern " of part fast with mould and produce metal parts fast, not only can realize complex parts to manufacture fast, and integrated, the automation, rapid of precision casting process process can be realized, greatly shorten the R&D cycle of new product, save R&D costs, be particularly suitable for the production of single and mini-batch production intricate casting and the trial-production of new product.
Note, above are only preferred embodiment of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.Skilled person in the art will appreciate that and the invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, various obvious change can be carried out for a person skilled in the art, readjust and substitute and can not protection scope of the present invention be departed from.Therefore, although be described in further detail invention has been by above embodiment, the present invention is not limited only to above embodiment, when not departing from the present invention's design, can also comprise other Equivalent embodiments more, and scope of the present invention is determined by appended right.
Claims (10)
1., based on the accurate lost wax casting technique that the powder sintered 3D of selective laser prints, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S101, target part is carried out to the optimal design of CAD casting technique;
The powder sintered 3D printing shaping of S102, selective laser;
S103, the close casting of Ludox/sodium silicate precision investment.
2. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step S101 specifically comprises:
Set up the threedimensional model of target part, by certain dimension scale, pre-convergent-divergent process is carried out to each position of target part block mold and on the threedimensional model of this target part the direct corresponding running gate system of design, make the threedimensional model of target part and running gate system thereof form a target part block mold.
3. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step S102 specifically comprises:
Convert target part block mold to STL data format, carry out relevant pre-treatment, this pre-treatment includes but not limited to following machining parameters optimization technique successively: part Print direction location, digital simulation and processing is estimated, heat layer identification and slicing treatment;
The model data completing slicing treatment is carried out selective laser powder sintered 3D printing rapid prototyping system and carry out laser sintered 3D printing shaping;
Obtain the target part overall PS material original workpiece with non-sintered powder after having printed, carry out powder process clearly;
Target part after clear powder process being completed overall PS material original workpiece carries out oozing Lasaxing Oilfield in the certain wax temperature of self-control Shen La mechanism, then carries out dry post processing with the baking oven of controllable temperature.
4. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step S103 specifically comprises:
Successively Ludox/waterglass hanging stucco shell is carried out to the overall PS material original workpiece of target part;
After completing shell processed, the overall PS material original workpiece of target part is carried out formwork dewaxing operation, after dewaxing treatment to be done, the overall PS material original workpiece of target part and shell entirety thereof are put in high-temperature roasting furnace and carry out high-temperature roasting;
Taking out completing the target part shell after roasting from high-temperature roasting furnace and casting molten metal liquid, after its cooling, carrying out vibrations shelling, remove the hard shell being coated on cast outer surface;
Running gate system is excised, then carries out foundry goods post processing, final obtained target part precision metallic foundry goods.
5. according to claim 3 based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser print accurate lost wax casting technique, it is characterized in that, in described step S102 post processing comprise carry out successively non-sintered powder remove, ooze Lasaxing Oilfield, drying and surface cleaning.
6. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step S102, wax temperature should be arranged by different-thickness, when thickness evenly or thickness be less than the original workpiece of 10mm, wax temperature should be set in 65 ~ 70 DEG C; When thickness is between 10 ~ 30mm or original workpiece in uneven thickness, wax temperature should be set in 58 ~ 63 DEG C; When thickness is greater than 30mm or original workpiece in uneven thickness, wax temperature should be set in 58 ~ 60 DEG C.
7. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, ooze Lasaxing Oilfield in described step S102 specifically to comprise: first heating-up temperature is set to predetermined value, then wax pond is put into after wax being smashed, oozing Lasaxing Oilfield process answers uniform descent to all immersing wax pond, ensure that prototype does not occur workpiece deformation by thermal softening, caves in, until prototype bubble-free is emerged, at the uniform velocity prototype is proposed wax pond.
8. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, carry out drying with the baking oven of controllable temperature in described step S102 to comprise: the wax-pattern prototype of oozing Lasaxing Oilfield is placed in the baking oven of 65 DEG C after dry 10 minutes, then Air flow.
9. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, Ludox in described step S103/waterglass hanging stucco shell comprises: often hang primary pulp hanging and spread one deck sand accordingly, etc. next stratotype shell of hanging stucco system again after last stratotype shell drying sclerosis, and all use Mo Laisha except spreading zircon sand after hanging first as each stucco follow-up except surface layer sand, repeatedly carry out 4-6 Ludox/waterglass hanging and stucco process, and then carry out Ludox/waterglass seal mortar treatent, after its dry sclerosis, shell completes.
10. the accurate lost wax casting technique printed based on the powder sintered 3D of selective laser according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, in described step S03, the technique of formwork dewaxing adopts water-bath-roasting dewaxing, water temperature is at about 90 ~ 100 DEG C, 25 ~ 30 minutes time, the PS material in formwork is removed in roasting, temperature 250 ~ 280 DEG C, and the time is within 30 ~ 50 minutes, make prototype in formwork disappear completely; The temperature of formwork high-temperature roasting furnace is 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, and insulation 2 is little pours into a mould after the fully sintered solidification of formwork.
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