CN105429495A - Modular multilevel converter using multi-state submodule - Google Patents
Modular multilevel converter using multi-state submodule Download PDFInfo
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- CN105429495A CN105429495A CN201510916025.0A CN201510916025A CN105429495A CN 105429495 A CN105429495 A CN 105429495A CN 201510916025 A CN201510916025 A CN 201510916025A CN 105429495 A CN105429495 A CN 105429495A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modular multilevel converter using a multi-state submodule. A basic structure of a submodule is characterized in that based on a half-bridge module topology formed by two insulated gate bipolar transistors S1 and S2 with anti-parallel diodes and a capacitor C, a parallel side positive port P3 and a parallel side negative port P4 are parallelly led out from a positive polarity end of the capacitor C; a bridge side possesses a bridge side positive port P1 and a bridge side negative port P2; two metal-oxide semiconductor field effect switch tubes S3 and S4 with the anti-paralleled diodes are reversely connected in series between the positive polarity end of the capacitor and the parallel side positive port P3 to form a bidirectional switch. The multi-state submodule topology can be operated under three kinds of modes which are investment, removing and parallel connection and real-time series-parallel switching of the adjacent modules is realized so that purposes of reaching module capacitance voltage sharing and increasing a bridge-arm equivalent capacitance are achieved. Through whole bridge arm module investment operation and series-parallel selection control, overall switch losses of the converter can be greatly reduced, and the excellent module capacitance voltage sharing and a pulsation inhibition effect are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power electronic equipment, particularly relate to a kind of Modular multilevel converter using polymorphic submodule
Background technology
Modular multilevel converter is since proposition, due to its structure height modularization and be easy to expansion, and have good redundancy properties and collocation method flexibly, effectively can realize the transformation of electrical energy under voltage levels, be mainly used in static reactive, high voltage direct current transmission and high-voltage high-power motor speed governing field.
But, separate and the electric parameter of intermodule due to Modular multilevel converter there are differences, very easily there is submodule capacitor voltage pulsation and energy imbalance, capacitance voltage pulsation is directly proportional to ac-side current amplitude, and be inversely proportional to AC frequency and module capacitance, the control measure be suitable for if do not taked, meeting unstability under higher ac-side current or lower AC frequency, causes device failure even further.This significantly limit Modular multilevel converter drives field application at mesohigh electrical motor gearshift.
The submodule topology of existing Modular multilevel converter mainly contains half-bridge topology and full-bridge topology two kinds, half-bridge topology application at most, half-bridge topology can be two-way through-flow, but single polar voltages can only be exported, therefore can only two quadrant jobs, so cannot change the sense of current by electric capacity, pulsation rejection ability is weak.Full-bridge topology then can four quadrant running, structurally determine it and there is capacitor charge and discharge switching and direct-current short circuit blocking ability, the rejection ability to module capacitance mains ripple can be strengthened greatly, but full-bridge topology except adding cost on device, also bring on-state loss at double and switching loss simultaneously, therefore use full-bridge topology that the device cost of converter and operating cost can be made to be multiplied.
The modulation system of existing Modular multilevel converter mainly contains Staircase wave and phase-shifting carrier wave modulation etc., it is the submodule switching selection switching according to bridge arm current direction for the major way suppressing submodule mains ripple to be taked, thus ensure that submodule capacitor voltage skew is in permissible range, traditional approach is to the control ability of mains ripple to improve switching frequency for ensureing, this adds the switching loss of module to a great extent.Moreover, based on phase-shifting carrier wave PWM method, the corresponding carrier wave of each submodule, its controlling calculation amount increases with level number and significantly promotes, and the control precision of phase difference also can decline, and is therefore difficult to promote output voltage.Staircase wave amount of calculation is little, and switching frequency is lower, is easy to realize, but what bring is decline to the rejection ability of mains ripple, and the meeting of brachium pontis inner module equal pressure sequence algorithm brings very large burden to controller simultaneously, for the converter that level number is more, particularly significantly.
The subject matter of prior art is to increase loss (comprising on-state loss and switching loss) and exchanges limited pulsation rejection ability for, and with the level number of limit multi-level converter, controller amount of calculation is comparatively large, significantly limit the application of Modular multilevel converter in mesohigh field.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of control more flexibly and the lower converter topology structure of loss, its polymorphic submodule used has input, cut out, in parallel, totally three kinds of operating states, control mode more flexibly can be adapted to, compared to the Modular multilevel converter of conventional half-bridge module composition, this converter has stronger submodule capacitor voltage pulsation rejection ability, and state in parallel is used in running, significantly can reducing the switching loss of converter, being particularly useful for the motor drive power supply as there being speed governing demand.
The present invention is for realizing goal of the invention, and the technical scheme adopted is:
A kind of Modular multilevel converter using polymorphic submodule, it is characterized in that, this converter uses the polymorphic submodule of a kind of four end, this submodule essential structure is: on the half-bridge module underlying topology be made up of insulated gate bipolar transistor S1 and S2 and the capacitor C of two band anti-paralleled diodes, at the parallel extraction of electric capacity C positive ends side in parallel positive port P3 and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel; Wherein, bridge side has the positive port P1 in bridge side and bridge side negative terminal mouth P2; The Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistor switch pipe S3 of anti-paralleled diode and S4 differential concatenation is with to form bidirectional switch by two between capacitance cathode end with the positive port P3 in side in parallel; Side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel is directly drawn by capacitance cathode end; Polymorphic submodule topology can respectively in input, and excision runs under three kinds of mode in parallel, and the real-time connection in series-parallel realizing adjacent block switches;
During above-mentioned polymorphic submodule composition module multi-level converter, the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of rear stage module, the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of rear stage module, and the concrete mode of its module-cascade is:
1) except upper and lower bridge arm separately first and last module, the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of rear stage module, and the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of rear stage module;
2) for the first module of upper brachium pontis, the positive port P1 in Qi Qiao side is connected with converter DC side positive ends, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of next stage module, the positive port P3 in side in parallel does not do and connects, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of next stage module;
3) for the last module of upper brachium pontis, the positive port P1 in Qi Qiao side is connected with the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 and the first positive port P1 in module bridge side of lower brachium pontis, side positive port P3 in parallel is connected with the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel does not do and connects;
4) for the first module of lower brachium pontis, Qi Qiao side positive port P1 is connected with the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of upper brachium pontis end module, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of next stage module, the positive port P3 in side in parallel does not do and connects, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of next stage module;
5) for the last module of lower brachium pontis, the positive port P1 in Qi Qiao side is connected with the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 is connected with converter DC side negative polarity end, side positive port P3 in parallel is connected with the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel does not do and connects.
In the present invention, the basic structure of polymorphic submodule is derived by conventional half-bridge module, supervisor S1 and S2 adopts insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) S3 and the S4 increasing by two differential concatenations is as also coupling bidirectional switch, switch S 1 is identical with conventional module with the conducting shutdown mode of S2, switch S 3 and S4 use same make-and-break signal, for opening parallel running state, and increase extraction side ports in parallel, module is made to become four ports, when not using paralleling switch, the basic operational mode of module is identical with half-bridge module, as shown in Figure 1.
When module is in non-input state, the bidirectional switch conducting increased, then this module and previous stage module can form in parallel right, namely state in parallel is run, because after Capacitance parallel connection, capacitance doubles, therefore, in parallel to externally having stronger pulsation rejection ability, simultaneously, due to there is voltage difference Capacitance parallel connection after there will be energy flow, thus make energy mean allocation, therefore the unbalanced of two module capacitance voltages in parallel also can be eliminated, because state in parallel uses the module cut out converter, therefore, not only do not affect the normal operation of module, also take full advantage of and cut out module, simultaneously, state in parallel runs the steady-state loss that can't increase converter.
The Modular multilevel converter structure of polymorphic module composition as shown in Figure 2, except the respective first modular unit of upper and lower bridge arm, all the other modules all can realize in parallel with previous stage, and when second module enters state in parallel, first module and the second wired in parallel, therefore, it is in parallel that each module of full-bridge arm can realize with adjacent block, in other words, owing to exporting corresponding level according to controller Setting signal when Modular multilevel converter is run, be essentially the number of modules of input, therefore, the module of excising in tradition operational mode can all become state in parallel, namely in brachium pontis, module only has input and two kinds of run modes in parallel, therefore, all modules or in parallel or be connected in brachium pontis, for full module operational mode.
Full module operational mode can significantly improve the rejection ability to module capacitance mains ripple in operation, this is because, no matter be the impact that ac-side current amplitude is pulsed on capacitance voltage, or the impact that AC frequency is pulsed on capacitance voltage, essentially, all because the energy injection (output) in brachium pontis upper (lower) in the unit interval is excessive, cause capacitance voltage to pulse and exceed tolerance interval, the methods such as high order common-mode voltage injection, be all within the unit interval, by change energy flow to, thus suppress capacitance voltage pulsation.In other words, promote brachium pontis to the load-bearing capacity of energy injection (output), i.e. equivalent brachium pontis electric capacity, just can reach the effect suppressing capacitance voltage pulsation equally.Polymorphic module has state in parallel, also the ability of energy transferring between brachium pontis inner module is just had, meanwhile, by the mode of parallel connection, increase total brachium pontis electric capacity, especially bridge arm module two/is for the moment less than at required level number, at this moment, can ensure that each input module has at least a module in parallel with it, total brachium pontis electric capacity becomes more than the twice under traditional approach, significantly improve the load-bearing capacity of the unit interval energy injection (output) of brachium pontis, thus significantly improve low frequency characteristic.
And on the other hand, the use of state in parallel significantly can reduce the overall switching loss of converter, for brachium pontis on five-level converter, if it is 3 that this moment drops into number of unit, when subsequent time input number of unit is 2, to suppose in last control cycle that the sense of current is constant and enough cause single module capacitance voltage to rise, on off state change as shown in Figure 3 (shadow region represents the switching tube of generation action), for the converter of the full module run mode by module composition, only need to transfer second unit to state in parallel by dropping into state, can ensure that brachium pontis capacitance multiplication eliminates voltage difference simultaneously, and for the control method using sortord all to press, each module voltage sequence has been changed because to consider in control cycle through-flow, therefore, on off state the most possible is changed to, in three modules that this moment has dropped into, two that voltage is the highest cut, and the module that this moment does not drop into is put at subsequent time.This situation is particularly evident when load current is larger, and can parallel module topology pass through module to switch in " parallel connection---input " two kinds of run modes, to a great extent the switch motion be responsible for needed for (IGBT) is transferred to the auxiliary pipe (MOSFET) for parallel connection, thus switching loss can have been reduced to a great extent.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, reducer starts charging.Upper and lower bridge arm is become a partner with two modules respectively, can charge to specified runtime value to full module capacitance simultaneously, and charging process can stop automatically, and during arrival rated value, AC is in zero level, can simplify startup charging process;
Two, all pressure energy power and pulsation rejection ability flexibly.Under state in parallel is run, parallel connection makes external electric capacity double, and capacitance voltage pulsation rejection ability promotes, and meanwhile, to shunt voltage higher than specified and lower than two specified modules, can play the effect that nature is all pressed;
Three, the flowing of brachium pontis self-energy flexibly.The energy flow of conventional topologies form controls, mainly rely on the selection of control to circulation between brachium pontis and switching module, but intermodule energy cannot directly flow, therefore few to the Balance route means of intermodule energy, control cycle is long, and the state in parallel of topology directly achieves the energy flow do not relied on the intermodule of circulation, the energy fast uniform in brachium pontis can be realized;
Four, switching loss reduces.Paralleling switch selects MOSFET to manage, and is controlled by switching in parallel, and most of switch motion transfers to MOSFET by IGBT, can reduce master switch loss to a great extent.And for steady-state loss, because larger ac-side current can aggravate module capacitance mains ripple, and all pressures means of traditional modular multi-level converter are more single, larger current cannot be tackled, if use full-bridge modules, although improve capacitance voltage control ability, but steady-state loss increases at least one times, and the paralleling switch steady-state loss of polymorphic module is very little, because paralleling switch is only when two electric capacity have voltage difference, just have charging and discharging currents to flow through, and the time is shorter, bridge arm current is not by paralleling switch, therefore steady-state loss comparatively full-bridge significantly reduce.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principles and structure figure (thickened portion represents conduction path) of polymorphic submodule topology proposed by the invention.A () drops into state diagram, (b) cuts out state diagram, (c) parallel connection figure.
Fig. 2 is the Modular multilevel converter schematic diagram of the polymorphic module composition of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the switch motion schematic diagram of full module operational mode proposed by the invention, switch motion contrast schematic diagram (shadow region is step switch) (a) topology (b) conventional topologies.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is:
Structure of the present invention clearly explained by above-mentioned accompanying drawing, introduces flesh and blood of the present invention and advantage further below from application point:
One, converter starts precharge mode
Owing to employing the module that can in parallel become a partner, the precharge mode of conventional topologies can be simplified, adjacent two wired in parallel are only needed to become a partner, DC side can be charged to all modules of whole brachium pontis simultaneously, module capacitance voltage can be equilibrated at operation rated value, charging process can automatically stop, and converter can from the state startup optimization of AC zero level, and without the need to carrying out real-time Survey control to the voltage of each module capacitance.
Two, the full module operational mode of converter
Use nearest level modulation mode, first, according to modulation reference ripple, divided by module rated capacity voltage U c, i.e. unit level, then round, obtain the level that should export, under full module investing method, often have a module to proceed to state in parallel from input state, drop into module and reduce one, therefore, only need according to the required input number R obtained under nearest level modulation and bridge arm module number N, just can determine the number of modules proceeding to state in parallel, unique it is desirable that select which module to proceed to state in parallel, principle is as follows:
(1) preferential guarantee bridge arm equivalent electric capacity is maximum; According to capacitances in series equivalence principle, capacitances in series equivalence value determines primarily of wherein minimum capacitance, therefore to be that every N/R unit becomes a parallel connection right for the optimal situation of full-bridge arm, when do not meet divide exactly time, round up and down with N/R and obtain each number of unit of becoming a partner.
(2) module that preferential shunt voltage skew is comparatively serious.The module that preferential parallel connection skew is comparatively serious, largely can eliminate variation on the one hand, on the other hand, be equivalent to increase electric capacity after parallel connection, can suppress to offset further aggravation.Because module also possesses with the ability of half-bridge mode work, traditional control modulation system still can use, and therefore, according to Operating condition adjustment control mode, can have very large flexibility.
Claims (4)
1. one kind uses the Modular multilevel converter of polymorphic submodule, it is characterized in that, this converter uses the polymorphic submodule of a kind of four end, this submodule essential structure is: on the half-bridge module underlying topology be made up of insulated gate bipolar transistor S1 and S2 and the capacitor C of two band anti-paralleled diodes, at the parallel extraction of electric capacity C positive ends side in parallel positive port P3 and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel; Wherein, bridge side has the positive port P1 in bridge side and bridge side negative terminal mouth P2; The Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistor switch pipe S3 of anti-paralleled diode and S4 differential concatenation is with to form bidirectional switch by two between capacitance cathode end with the positive port P3 in side in parallel; Side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel is directly drawn by capacitance cathode end; Polymorphic submodule topology can respectively in input, and excision runs under three kinds of mode in parallel, and the real-time connection in series-parallel realizing adjacent block switches:
During polymorphic submodule composition module multi-level converter, the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of rear stage module, the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of rear stage module, and the concrete mode of its module-cascade is:
1) except upper and lower bridge arm separately first and last module, the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of rear stage module, and the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of rear stage module;
2) for the first module of upper brachium pontis, the positive port P1 in Qi Qiao side is connected with converter DC side positive ends, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of next stage module, the positive port P3 in side in parallel does not do and connects, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of next stage module;
3) for the last module of upper brachium pontis, the positive port P1 in Qi Qiao side is connected with the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 and the first positive port P1 in module bridge side of lower brachium pontis, side positive port P3 in parallel is connected with the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel does not do and connects;
4) for the first module of lower brachium pontis, Qi Qiao side positive port P1 is connected with the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of upper brachium pontis end module, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 is connected with the positive port P1 in the bridge side of next stage module, the positive port P3 in side in parallel does not do and connects, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel is connected with the positive port P3 in the side in parallel of next stage module;
5) for the last module of lower brachium pontis, the positive port P1 in Qi Qiao side is connected with the bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 of previous stage module, bridge side negative terminal mouth P2 is connected with converter DC side negative polarity end, side positive port P3 in parallel is connected with the side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel of previous stage module, and side negative terminal mouth P4 in parallel does not do and connects.
2. the Modular multilevel converter of the polymorphic submodule of use according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the path containing bidirectional switch that the polymorphic module of described formation converter is drawn by capacitance terminal, realizes and Capacitance parallel connection in previous stage module.
3. the Modular multilevel converter of the polymorphic submodule of type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Modular multilevel converter of the polymorphic submodule of described use is implemented full bridge arm module and put into operation, namely during level change, module is not excised, but selectivity is distributed in parallel, brachium pontis inner module is only in state in parallel or drops into state.
4. the Modular multilevel converter of polymorphic submodule according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Modular multilevel converter of the polymorphic submodule of described use, by parallel connection of becoming a partner, realizes the startup precharge of Modular multilevel converter.
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| JP2018007548A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-01-11 | ドクター エンジニール ハー ツェー エフ ポルシェ アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＤｒ． Ｉｎｇ． ｈ．ｃ． Ｆ． Ｐｏｒｓｃｈｅ Ａｋｔｉｅｎｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ | Electronic system |
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| CN106941315A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-07-11 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of Modular multilevel converter MMC precharge control methods and its control device |
| CN108199582A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-22 | 天津大学 | The more level DC-DC transformers of multi-port modular |
| CN111342687A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-26 | 南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司 | Cascaded full-bridge multi-level converter topology with self-voltage-sharing characteristic and control method |
| CN111342687B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-10-01 | 南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司 | Cascaded full-bridge multi-level converter topology with self-voltage-sharing characteristic and control method |
| CN111790974A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-10-20 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Rectifier for a welding transformer of a welding system and method for producing such a rectifier |
| CN111790974B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2023-09-19 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Rectifier for a welding transformer of a welding device and method for producing such a rectifier |
| EP3934073A1 (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2022-01-05 | Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG | Method and system for preselection of switching states for a multilevel converter |
| US11632034B2 (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2023-04-18 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method and system for preselecting switching states for a multi-level converter |
| CN111769756A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-13 | 上海交通大学 | Single-phase half-bridge type multi-level inverter with double alternating current ports and construction and debugging method |
| CN111769756B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2023-11-07 | 上海交通大学 | Single-phase half-bridge type multi-level inverter with double alternating current ports and construction and debugging method thereof |
| CN112583082A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-30 | 沃太能源南通有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit and charging and discharging system with same |
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