CN105423934A - Train wheel diameter detection method - Google Patents
Train wheel diameter detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105423934A CN105423934A CN201510989294.XA CN201510989294A CN105423934A CN 105423934 A CN105423934 A CN 105423934A CN 201510989294 A CN201510989294 A CN 201510989294A CN 105423934 A CN105423934 A CN 105423934A
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- displacement sensor
- laser displacement
- wheel
- data
- detection method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a train wheel diameter detection method comprising the following steps that (1) data acquisition is performed, a measurement module group is provided, and the measurement module group comprises three displacement sensors and a wheel sensor; the three laser displacement sensors synchronously and continuously acquire distance information to three points A, B and C of the external edge of a wheel in a vertical direction, and the distance information synchronously acquired by the three displacement sensors is the same group data; (2) a coordinate system is established, a base point is determined and coordinates are established, and the coordinate values (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) of the corresponding three measurement points A, B and C in the same group data are determined; (3) the values are solved, and circular arc radiuses corresponding to all the same group data acquired on the same wheel are obtained; and (4) the data are compared. Image analysis is not required, the problems of original image analysis schemes that measurement is liable to be interfered by external environment can be overcome and measurement accuracy can be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, particularly relate to a kind of train wheel diameter detection method.
Background technology
There is friction between wheel tread and rail when subway train runs on line, along with continuing of working time, wheel diameter is more and more less.Due to reasons such as unbalance stress, a wheel is not identical to the abrasion between the four wheels on upper two wheels or a bogie, causes corresponding wheel diameter different.A wheel on or after on a bogie, the difference of all wheel diameters reaches certain numerical value, the vibration in whole compartment will obviously strengthen, have a strong impact on the ride quality of passenger, and bogie, bearing etc. are caused to the injury that can not estimate, and take turns the deterioration that the reasons such as right wearing and tearing, mass defect can cause driver for vehicle working condition, if train continuous service and can not Timeliness coverage, process, the temperature rise of this danger can produce motor abnormality temperature rise, fire axle, cut axle, the serious accident such as to overturn.Therefore, detect the diameter of each wheel exactly, automatically provide data foundation to subway Train Wheel, extremely important to the safe operation of subway, be directly connected to traffic safety.
Because subway train wheel is large-diameter circular, and train operationally wheel only expose the part of 30%, 30% part exposed by this carries out reference, and then measure the diameter of whole wheel, and existing measuring technique to there is measuring error large, the shortcomings such as measurement data is unstable, reliability is not high, can not be real take turns right maintenance for subway train and provide reliably according to information.In addition, existing detection technique, judges to distortion by adopting graphical analysis to carry out and taking turns, this technical scheme is easily comparatively large by ambient light interference, can not reach the state of all weather operations.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for deficiency of the prior art, a kind of train wheel diameter detection method is provided.
A kind of train wheel diameter detection method, comprises the following steps:
Step (1), data acquisition, one measurement module is provided, this measurement module comprises three displacement transducers and wheel detector, three displacement transducers are divided into the first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor, described first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor are arranged on outside guide rail abreast, and are 90 ° with the angle of rail plane; First laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor gather separately is holding up the range information in direction with lateral wheel edge; Distance between described first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor is L1, distance between described second laser displacement sensor and the 3rd laser displacement sensor is L2, described wheel detector and the second laser distance passed between displacement sensor is L3, wherein, the span of L1 is between 20 ~ 420mm, the span of L2 is between 20 ~ 420mm, and the span of L3 is between 20 ~ 50mm;
Whether described wheel detector detects has train wheel to pass through, to impel the first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, the 3rd laser displacement sensor starts working, three displacement transducers are synchronous and gather constantly and holding up the range information of three somes A, B, C in direction with lateral wheel edge, and three displacement transducer synchronous acquisitions to range information for organizing data.
Step (2), sets up coordinate system, determines that a basic point sets up coordinate, together organizes three measurement point A, B, C lines corresponding in data, form a circular arc by every, determines the coordinate figure (x with three measurement points A, B, C corresponding in group data
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2), (x
3, y
3);
Step (3), evaluation, substitutes in following formula by the coordinate figure with three points corresponding in group data:
(x
1-x)
2+(y
1-y)
2=R
2
(x
2-x)
2+(y
2-y)
2=R
2
(x
3-x)
2+(y
3-y)
2=R
2
Solving, draw the arc radius R corresponding to three measurement points, repeat above method for solving, drawing all arc radius with organizing corresponding to data that same wheel collects.
Step (4), comparing, on the same wheel obtain step (3), all arc radius with organizing corresponding to data compare one by one with setting value, draw difference.
Step (5): real-time judge is reported to the police, and judges whether to need alarm, when all differences all do not exceed setting value, then regard as safety according to the size of difference; When one of them or more than one difference exceeds setting value time, system has just assert to there is hidden danger, reports to the police, and notifies staff in time.
Further, described wheel detector is magnetic sensor.
Further, in step (1), first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement continuous collecting data are until wheel leaves above magnetic sensor, complete the data acquisition of a wheel, the data collected from each wheel comprise some groups with organizing data.
Further, described wheel detector is located between the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor.
Further, the span of described L1 is between 200 ~ 300mm, and the span of L2 is between 200 ~ 300mm, and the span of L3 is between 30 ~ 40mm.
Further, the value of described L1 is the value of 280mm, L2 is that the span of 280mm, L3 is at 45mm.
Further, described first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor some groups of collecting with group data to carry out setting up the basic point that coordinate system adopts consistent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: three laser displacement sensors are arranged in track side successively, laser displacement sensor is holding up the relative distance with three differences on the repetitive measurement wheel disc of direction, carry out 3 measurements, thus wheel diameter data accurately can be obtained, Data Synthesis will be detected in same coordinate system by mathematical computations, X-coordinate remains constant, avoids measuring error.Without the need to adopting graphical analysis, overcoming the problem that the measurement existed in original Image Analysis Protocol is easily subject to external environmental interference, and not needing accurately to locate wheel, substantially increasing the accuracy rate of measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that invention train wheel diameter detection method adopts the schematic diagram measured when module is measured wheel.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of train wheel diameter detection method, for gathering the diameter of Train Wheel 50 pairs of Outboard Sections, this train wheel diameter detection method comprises the following steps:
Step (1), data acquisition, provides a measurement module to obtain the data of wheel.Described wheel inner peripheral is provided with wheel rim 60, the Outboard Sections of described wheel 50 stretches out in outside guide rail, the described measurement module Outboard Sections right to the wheel stretched out in outside guide rail is measured, this measurement module comprises three laser displacement sensors, wheel detector 40 and system controller, three laser displacement sensors are divided into the first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, 3rd laser displacement sensor 30, described first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, 3rd laser displacement sensor 30 is arranged on outside guide rail successively abreast, and be 90 ° with the angle of the rail plane of guide rail.Described wheel detector 40 is located between the first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 20, and the first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, the 3rd laser displacement sensor 30 gather separately and holding up the range information in direction with wheel 50 outer ledge.Distance between described first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 20 is L1, distance between described second laser displacement sensor 20 and the 3rd laser displacement sensor 30 is L2, described wheel detector 40 and the second laser distance passed between displacement sensor are L3, wherein, the span of L1 is between 20 ~ 420mm, the span of L2 is between 20 ~ 420mm, the span of L3 is between 20 ~ 50mm, preferably, the span of L1 is between 200 ~ 300mm, the span of L2 is between 200 ~ 300mm, the span of L3 is between 30 ~ 40mm, in the present embodiment, the value of described L1 is 280mm, the value of L2 is 280, the span of L3 is at 45mm, by rational control L1, L2, the value of L3, further raising measuring accuracy, ensure Measurement reliability.
In the present embodiment, described wheel detector 40 is magnetic sensor, after high-intensity magnetic field filled with by the magnet steel of magnetic sensor inside, puts the coil of high strength enamelled wire coiling, covers aluminium cover again by epoxy packages; Train passes through through out-of-date, wheel passes through from magnetic head end face, cutting magnetic line, the induction electromotive force that on coil, generation one is sinusoidal wave, namely the line of centres of wheel 50 and magnetic head becomes that moment of vertical line with track, this moment induced voltage can change, and triggers the first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, the 3rd laser displacement sensor 30 synchronous working.
Train is through out-of-date, wheel 50 on Railway wheelset passes through from the top of wheel detector 40, system controller detects that wheel detector 40 signal exports as high level, system controller sends instruction, impel the first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, 3rd laser displacement sensor 30 is started working, first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, 3rd laser displacement sensor 30 is synchronous and three some A in direction are being holded up at collection and lateral wheel edge constantly, B, the range information of C, and synchronous acquisition to range information for organizing data.First laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, the 3rd laser displacement sensor continuous collecting data are until wheel detector 40 signal exports as low level (namely wheel 50 leaves above magnetic sensor), complete the data acquisition of a wheel 50, the data collected from each wheel 50 comprise some groups with organizing data (H1, H2, H3), (H4, H5, H6), (H7, H8, H9) ... ...
Step (2), set up coordinate system, determine that a basic point sets up coordinate, wherein, the coordinate of basic point is (0,0), by every three measurement point A, B, C lines together organized in data corresponding to the first laser displacement sensor 10, second laser displacement sensor 20, the 3rd laser displacement sensor 30, form a circular arc, because the lateral separation of three measurement points is known, the height of three measurement points is measured by laser displacement sensor, so can determine the coordinate figure (x with three measurement points A, B, C corresponding in group data
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2), (x
3, y
3), some groups that collect with group data to carry out setting up the basic point that coordinate system adopts consistent.In the coordinate figure of A, B, C, because the distance between sensor is fixed, the value of A, B, C horizontal ordinate is separately fixing equally, and when damage distortion appears in wheel, the longitudinal coordinate of measurement point can change.
Step (3), evaluation, substitutes in following formula by the coordinate figure with three points corresponding in group data:
(x
1-x)
2+(y
1-y)
2=R
2
(x
2-x)
2+(y
2-y)
2=R
2
(x
3-x)
2+(y
3-y)
2=R
2
Solving, draw the arc radius R corresponding to three measurement points, repeat above method for solving, drawing all arc radius with organizing corresponding to data that same wheel collects.
Step (4), comparing, on the same wheel obtain step (3), all arc radius with organizing corresponding to data compare one by one with setting value, draw difference.
Step (5): real-time judge is reported to the police, and judges whether to need alarm, when all differences all do not exceed setting value, then regard as safety according to the size of difference; When one of them or more than one difference exceeds setting value time, system has just assert to there is hidden danger, reports to the police, and notifies staff in time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: three laser displacement sensors are arranged in track side successively, laser displacement sensor is holding up the relative distance with three differences on the repetitive measurement wheel disc of direction, carry out 3 measurements, thus wheel diameter data accurately can be obtained, Data Synthesis will be detected in same coordinate system by mathematical computations, X-coordinate remains constant, avoids measuring error.Without the need to adopting graphical analysis, overcoming the problem that the measurement existed in original Image Analysis Protocol is easily subject to external environmental interference, and not needing accurately to locate wheel, substantially increasing the accuracy rate of measurement.
The above embodiment only have expressed a kind of embodiment of invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite not departing from inventive concept, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to the protection domain of invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (7)
1. a train wheel diameter detection method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step (1), data acquisition, one measurement module is provided, this measurement module comprises three displacement transducers and wheel detector, three displacement transducers are divided into the first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor, described first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor are arranged on outside guide rail abreast, and are 90 ° with the angle of rail plane; First laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor gather separately is holding up the range information in direction with lateral wheel edge; Distance between described first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor is L1, distance between described second laser displacement sensor and the 3rd laser displacement sensor is L2, described wheel detector and the second laser distance passed between displacement sensor is L3, wherein, the span of L1 is between 20 ~ 420mm, the span of L2 is between 20 ~ 420mm, and the span of L3 is between 20 ~ 50mm;
Whether described wheel detector detects has train wheel to pass through, to impel the first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor starts working, three displacement transducers are synchronous and gather constantly and holding up the range information of three somes A, B, C in direction with lateral wheel edge, and three displacement transducer synchronous acquisitions to range information for organizing data;
Step (2), sets up coordinate system, determines that a basic point sets up coordinate, together organizes three measurement point A, B, C lines corresponding in data, form a circular arc by every, determines the coordinate figure (x with three measurement points A, B, C corresponding in group data
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2), (x
3, y
3);
Step (3), evaluation, substitutes in following formula by the coordinate figure with three points corresponding in group data:
(x
1-x)
2+(y
1-y)
2=R
2
(x
2-x)
2+(y
2-y)
2=R
2
(x
3-x)
2+(y
3-y)
2=R
2
Solving, draw the arc radius R corresponding to three measurement points, repeat above method for solving, drawing all arc radius with organizing corresponding to data that same wheel collects;
Step (4), comparing, on the same wheel obtain step (3), all arc radius with organizing corresponding to data compare one by one with setting value, draw difference;
Step (5): real-time judge is reported to the police, and judges whether to need alarm, when all differences all do not exceed setting value, then regard as safety according to the size of difference; When one of them or more than one difference exceeds setting value time, system has just assert to there is hidden danger, reports to the police, and notifies staff in time.
2. train wheel diameter detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described wheel detector is magnetic sensor.
3. train wheel diameter detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement continuous collecting data are until wheel leaves above magnetic sensor, complete the data acquisition of a wheel, the data collected from each wheel comprise some groups with organizing data.
4. train wheel diameter detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described wheel detector is located between the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor.
5. train wheel diameter detection method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the span of described L1 is between 200 ~ 300mm, and the span of L2 is between 200 ~ 300mm, and the span of L3 is between 30 ~ 40mm.
6. train wheel diameter detection method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the value of described L1 is the value of 280mm, L2 is that the span of 280mm, L3 is at 45mm.
7. train wheel diameter detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described first laser displacement sensor, the second laser displacement sensor, the 3rd laser displacement sensor some groups of collecting with group data to carry out setting up the basic point that coordinate system adopts consistent.
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Cited By (10)
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CN107117188A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-01 | 南京理工大学 | The vertically arranged tramcar wheel footpath on-line measuring device of linear sensor and method |
CN107200042A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-26 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | A kind of train wheel diameter wears away high-precision online test method and its detection means with circularity |
CN107472298A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-12-15 | 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 | The detection method and system of wheel diameters |
CN108827179A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-16 | 大连徕特光电精密仪器有限公司 | The measuring device and its measurement method of crane wheel torsion resistance |
CN108839675A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-20 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | A kind of device and method of on-line dynamic measurement train wheel geometric parameter |
CN109443279A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 松林光电科技(湖北)有限公司 | A kind of lens detector for outer diameter error non-rotating detection method |
CN109990748A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-09 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of device and detection method for on-line checking position of steel coil |
CN110849280A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Wheel measuring equipment |
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CN111791916A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-20 | 成都盛锴科技有限公司 | Online dynamic detection method and system for wheel tread temperature |
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CN104848795A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-19 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | On-line wheel diameter measuring method |
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EP2538239A1 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-12-26 | Kapsch TrafficCom AG | Device and method for detecting wheels |
CN103587551A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for detecting urban rail vehicle wheel diameters through straight line vertical installation of sensors |
CN103693073A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-04-02 | 北京交通大学 | Contactless vehicle wheel diameter dynamical measuring device and method |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107117188B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-05-07 | 南京理工大学 | The vertically arranged tramcar wheel footpath online test method of linear sensor |
CN107117188A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-01 | 南京理工大学 | The vertically arranged tramcar wheel footpath on-line measuring device of linear sensor and method |
CN107200042A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-26 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | A kind of train wheel diameter wears away high-precision online test method and its detection means with circularity |
CN107472298A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-12-15 | 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 | The detection method and system of wheel diameters |
CN107472298B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-02-15 | 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 | The detection method and system of wheel diameters |
CN108839675A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-20 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | A kind of device and method of on-line dynamic measurement train wheel geometric parameter |
CN108827179A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-16 | 大连徕特光电精密仪器有限公司 | The measuring device and its measurement method of crane wheel torsion resistance |
CN109443279A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 松林光电科技(湖北)有限公司 | A kind of lens detector for outer diameter error non-rotating detection method |
CN109990748A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-09 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of device and detection method for on-line checking position of steel coil |
CN109990748B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2023-12-29 | 辽宁科技大学 | Device and method for online detection of steel coil position |
CN110849280A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Wheel measuring equipment |
CN111268194A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-12 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | Automatic detection system and method for breakage of steel coil bundling belt |
CN111268194B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2024-05-14 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | Automatic detection system and method for broken steel bands of steel coil bundling belt |
CN111791916A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-20 | 成都盛锴科技有限公司 | Online dynamic detection method and system for wheel tread temperature |
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Application publication date: 20160323 |