CN107472298A - The detection method and system of wheel diameters - Google Patents
The detection method and system of wheel diameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN107472298A CN107472298A CN201710560487.2A CN201710560487A CN107472298A CN 107472298 A CN107472298 A CN 107472298A CN 201710560487 A CN201710560487 A CN 201710560487A CN 107472298 A CN107472298 A CN 107472298A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of detection method and system of wheel diameters, and the wheel detection method includes：Obtain the distance between the wheel of range sensor and vehicle to be measured information；The size of the wheel is determined according to the range information.The detection method of wheel diameters provided by the invention, it can detect and calculate the size of the wheel of vehicle to be measured, the abrasion condition of wheel is then determined according to the size of wheel, avoid the security incident that wheel diameters change triggers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to locomotive technology field, it is related to the detection method and system of a kind of wheel diameters.
Background technology
Train wheel carries the weight of whole train, is train as train and the binding site of track in track traffic
Important building block in traveling system.
In train wheel running in orbit, because track circuit curing condition is poor, train wheel profile and rail
The reasons such as road form fit is unreasonable and/or train wheel material and track material matching are unreasonable so that wheel wears.
And the change of wheel profile size can trigger the security incident that vehicle is run, overturning, derailing etc. are even resulted in, causes train operation
Potential safety hazard be present.
The existing detection method to wheel diameters is to use special slide calliper rule, and many places measurement is carried out to static wheel,
And record measurement data.As compared with the wheel data of historical record, drawing wheel to the wheel data obtained by measurement
Abrasion loss.
And the change of wheel profile size can influence vehicle traveling comfort, overturning, derailing etc. are even resulted in, causes to arrange
Potential safety hazard be present in car operation.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system and method, improves the detection efficiency of wheel diameters.
The present invention provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system, including：5 range sensors, data collecting card and controller,
Each range sensor is connected with the data collecting card, and the data collecting card is connected with the controller；Wherein, 4 away from
From the side that sensor is located at track；1 range sensor is located at the opposite side of the track, the distance of the side of the track
1 range sensor in sensor be present, be symmetrical arranged with the range sensor of the opposite side of the track.
Each range sensor is used to gather each range sensor position and the wheel of vehicle to be measured
The distance between information, and send to the data collecting card range information of each range sensor collection；The number
It is used to send the range information of each range sensor collection to the controller according to capture card.
The controller is used for multigroup first distance according to 4 range sensors collection positioned at the side of the track
Information, and positioned at the track opposite side the collection of 1 range sensor second distance information, determine the chi of the wheel
It is very little.
Further, the wheel detection system also includes：Axial sensor；The axial sensor and the controller
Connection, the controller are connected with each range sensor；
The axial sensor is used for the axle position information for detecting the vehicle to be measured, and the axle position information is sent to institute
State controller；The controller is used to determine whether the vehicle to be measured is put in storage according to the axle position information, if storage, to institute
State each range sensor and send trigger signal；
Further, the wheel detection system also includes：Antenna and radio frequency main frame, the antenna and the radio frequency main frame
Connection, the radio frequency main frame connect with the controller；
The antenna is arranged in the preset range of track；The antenna is used for the label for obtaining the vehicle to be measured
Information, and the label information is sent to the radio frequency main frame；
The radio frequency main frame is used for the identification information for according to the label information, determining the vehicle to be measured, and by described in
Identification information is sent to the controller.
Wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention, including：
Obtain 4 multigroup first range informations between range sensor and wheel positioned at the side of track；Wherein, often
Group range information includes：The range information of 4 range sensors collection；
Obtain the second distance information between 1 range sensor and the wheel of the track both sides；
The size of the wheel is determined according to multigroup first range information and the second distance information.
Further, the size of the wheel includes：The elliptic contour curve of wheel and the flange thickness and/or wheel of wheel
Edge height etc.；
It is described to determine that the size of the wheel includes according to multigroup first range information and the second distance information：
The elliptic contour curve of the wheel is determined according to multigroup first range information；
The flange thickness and/or flange height of the wheel are determined according to the second distance information.
Further, the elliptic contour curve that the wheel is determined according to first range information, including：
Coordinate transform is carried out to multigroup first range information, obtains the first coordinate transforming corresponding to multigroup wheel
Information；
Multigroup arc radius of the wheel is determined according to multigroup first coordinate transforming information；
Using the maximum of arc radius as major axis, using the minimum value of arc radius as short axle, and then wheel is determined
Elliptic contour curve.
Further, the flange thickness and/or flange height that the wheel is determined according to the second distance information,
Including：
Second distance letter between each range sensor and the wheel that are oppositely arranged to the track both sides
Breath carries out coordinate transform, obtains the second coordinate transforming information corresponding to each range sensor；
Second coordinate transforming information fusion corresponding to all range sensors that the track both sides are oppositely arranged is to same
In one coordinate system, the second fusion coordinate information corresponding to the wheel is obtained；
Described second fusion coordinate information is carried out curve fitting, obtains wheel tread curve corresponding to the wheel；
According to the wheel tread curve, the thickness of the wheel rim of the wheel and/or the height of wheel rim are determined.
Further, before the distance between described wheel for obtaining each range sensor and vehicle to be measured information, institute
Stating method also includes：
Gather the label information of the vehicle to be measured；
According to the label information, the identification information of the vehicle to be measured is determined.
Further, the distance between described wheel for obtaining range sensor and vehicle to be measured information, including：
In preset time period, the information that the range sensor collects is obtained；
The invalid information in the information that the range sensor collects is removed, obtains the range information.
Wheel diameters detecting system and method provided by the invention, the wheel diameters detecting system include：5 distances pass
Sensor, data collecting card and controller, each range sensor are connected with the data collecting card, the data collecting card and institute
State controller connection；Wherein, 4 range sensors are located at the side of track；1 range sensor is located at the another of the track
Side, 1 range sensor, the Distance-sensing with the opposite side of the track be present in the range sensor of the side of the track
Device is symmetrical arranged.Each range sensor is used to gather each range sensor position and the car of vehicle to be measured
The distance between wheel information, and send the range information that each range sensor gathers to the data collecting card；It is described
Data collecting card is used to send the range information of each range sensor collection to the controller.The controller is used
In multigroup first range information according to 4 range sensors collection positioned at the side of the track, and positioned at the track
Opposite side the collection of 1 range sensor second distance information, determine the size of the wheel.Wheel provided by the invention
The detection method of size, it can detect and calculate the size of the wheel of vehicle to be measured, wheel is then determined according to the size of wheel
Abrasion condition, avoid the security incident that wheel diameters change triggers.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of wheel diameters detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another wheel diameters detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another wheel diameters detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another wheel diameters detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of flow chart of wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the method flow diagram that wheel diameters are determined in wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention；
Fig. 7 is the method flow for the elliptic contour size that wheel is determined in wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention
Figure；
Fig. 8 is the flange thickness and/or flange height that wheel is determined in wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention
Method flow diagram；
Fig. 9 is the coordinate transform schematic diagram of second distance information provided by the invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of wheel tread curve provided by the invention；
Figure 11 is the flow chart of another wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention；
Figure 12 is the method flow diagram that range information is obtained in wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals：
1- range sensors；
2- data collecting cards；
3- controllers；
4- tracks；
5- axial sensors；
61- data I/O cards；
62- data I/O cards；
7- antennas；
8- radio frequency main frames；
9- vehicles to be measured；
10- vehicle tags；
11- treads；
12- wheel rims；
13- wheel tread curves.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system.The wheel diameters detecting system can use wheel as described above
Size detecting method.Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of wheel diameters detecting system provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1 is
System, including：5 range sensors 1, data collecting card 2 and controller 3, each range sensor 1 are connected with data collecting card 2,
Data collecting card 2 is connected with controller 3；Wherein, 4 range sensors 1 are located at the side of track 4；1 range sensor 1
1 range sensor 1, the opposite side with track 4 in the opposite side of track 4, the range sensor 1 of the side of track 4 be present
Range sensor 1 be symmetrical arranged.
Each range sensor 1 is used to gather between each position of range sensor 1 and the wheel of vehicle to be measured
Range information, and send the range information that each range sensor 1 gathers to data collecting card 2；Data collecting card 2 is used for will
The range information that each range sensor 1 gathers is sent to controller 3；Controller 3 is used for according to positioned at the one of the track
Multigroup first range information of 4 range sensors 1 collection of side, and 1 Distance-sensing of the opposite side positioned at the track
The second distance information that device 1 gathers determines the size of the wheel.
Specifically, data collecting card 2 for example can be controller local area network's (Controller Area Network, letter
Claim CAN) capture card.
Wheel diameters detecting system may include a data collecting card 2, may also comprise multiple data collecting cards 2.
If the wheel diameters detecting system includes a data collecting card 2, each range sensor 1 is adopted with the data
Truck 2 connects；If the wheel diameters detecting system includes multiple data collecting cards 2, each data collecting card 2 at least with one
Range sensor 1 connects.It should be noted that only it is that example is carried out with a data collecting card 2 in Fig. 1, the present invention is not to this
Limited.
It is assumed that the wheel diameters detecting system includes two data collecting cards, 2,4 range sensors 1, then each data
Capture card 2 can be connected with 2 range sensors respectively.
Optionally, anti-electromagnetism shell can be set in data collecting card 2, avoids the electromagnetic interference influence data near underground railway track
The data transfer of capture card 2.
Range sensor 1 for example can be laser sensor, and such as two-dimensional laser sensor, the laser sensor may include：
Laser, charge coupled cell (Charge-coupled Device；Abbreviation CCD) linear response element and integrated circuit etc..Swash
Light device can be used for transmitting laser to wheel tread, wheel tread to reflex to CCD lines at an angle to Laser emission, its reflected light
Property sensing element, CCD linear responses element can carry out information gathering to the reflected light, and the information collected is sent to integrated
Circuit, the information is converted by integrated circuit, obtains the distance between range sensor 1 and wheel tread information.
Controller 3 can determine the size of wheel according to range information, and the mill of wheel is then determined according to the size of the wheel
Damage situation etc..Wherein, the size of the wheel for example may include：The overall size information of wheel and/or the rim size letter of wheel
Breath etc..
The present embodiment provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system, including：5 range sensors, data collecting card and control
Device, each range sensor are connected with the data collecting card, and the data collecting card is connected with the controller；Wherein, 4 distances pass
Sensor is located at the side of track；1 range sensor is located at the opposite side of the track, in the range sensor of the side of the track
In the presence of 1 range sensor, it is symmetrical arranged with the range sensor of the opposite side of the track；Each range sensor is used to adopt
Collect the distance between the wheel of each range sensor position and vehicle to be measured information, and sent to the data collecting card
The range information；The data collecting card is used to send the range information to the controller；The controller is used for according to the distance
Information, determine the size of the wheel.The detecting system for the wheel diameters that the present embodiment provides, it can detect and calculate vehicle to be measured
The size of wheel, the abrasion condition of wheel is then determined according to the size of wheel, avoid the safety that wheel diameters change triggers
Accident.
Meanwhile the detecting system of the wheel diameters, by setting 5 range sensors, the elliptic contour of wheel can be obtained
Curve and rim size, the elliptic contour curve is more close to the net shape after wheel wear so that measurement result is more accurate
Really.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system.Fig. 2 provides for the present invention
Another wheel diameters detecting system structural representation.As shown in Fig. 2 on the basis of Fig. 1, the system may also include：
Axial sensor 5, axial sensor 5 are connected with controller 3, and controller 3 is connected with each range sensor 1；Axial sensor 5
Sent for detecting the axle position information of the vehicle to be measured, and by the axle position information to controller 3；Controller 3 is used for according to the axle
Position information determines whether the vehicle to be measured is put in storage, if storage, trigger signal is sent to each range sensor 1.
Specifically, the axle position information of the vehicle to be measured detected by axial sensor 5 may include：The vehicle to be measured is at least
The axle position information of one wheel pair.
Controller 3 can according to first of the vehicle to be measured received wheel pair axle position information, and second wheel pair
Axle position information, this first wheel pair and this second wheel are determined to the time difference by axial sensor 5, and according to the time difference
And distance between default wheel pair, the speed of the vehicle to be measured is determined, then determines that this is to be measured according to the speed of the vehicle to be measured
Whether vehicle is put in storage.If the speed of the vehicle to be measured is less than or equal to pre-set velocity, the vehicle storage to be measured is can determine that, that is, is accorded with
It is incorporated into storehouse condition.Wherein, this first wheel pair and second wheel are to for adjacent two wheels pair in the vehicle to be measured.
After each range sensor 1 receives the trigger signal of the transmission of controller 3, collection range information can be started simultaneously at.
The trigger signal for example can be square-wave signal.
Controller 3 can also record and pass through in vehicle to be measured according to the axle position information of at least one wheel pair of the vehicle to be measured
The number of the wheel pair of axial sensor 5.When the number of the wheel pair by axial sensor 5 reaches the wheel of the vehicle to be measured to individual
Number, then after postponing preset duration, controller 3 sends stop signal to each range sensor 1, to indicate that range sensor 1 stops
Only detecting distance information.Controller 3 sends stop signal after preset duration is postponed, to each range sensor 1, it is ensured that every
Individual range sensor 1 can detect the range information of all wheels of the vehicle to be measured, may be such that controller 3 can obtain all cars
The size of wheel, it effectively prevent the security incident triggered due to wheel diameters change of the vehicle to be measured.
Optionally, the present invention also provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system.Fig. 3 is another wheel chi provided by the invention
The structural representation of very little detecting system.As shown in figure 3, on the basis of Fig. 2, the system may also include：First data input/defeated
Going out I/O cards 61, the second data I/O cards 62, axial sensor 5 can be connected by the first data I/O cards 61 with controller 3, and first
Data I/O cards 61 can be used for receiving the axle position information that axial sensor 5 detects, and the axle position information is sent to controller 3.
Controller 3 can be also connected by the second data I/O cards 62 with each range sensor 1, and the second data I/O cards 62 can
For receiving the trigger signal of the transmission of controller 3, and the trigger signal is sent to each range sensor 1.
Optionally, anti-electromagnetism shell can be set in the first data I/O cards 61, the second data I/O cards 62, avoids underground railway track attached
Near electromagnetic interference influence the first data I/O cards 61, the data transfer of the second data I/O cards 62.
The present embodiment provide wheel diameters detecting system in, controller can it is determined that vehicle to be measured be put in storage in the case of to
Axial sensor sends trigger signal so that range sensor starts simultaneously at collection range information so that measurement result is more accurate；
Controller can vehicle all wheels to by afterwards, stop signal is sent to range sensor, stop detecting with timely, together
When avoid system be constantly in working condition waste the energy.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of wheel diameters detecting system.Fig. 4 provides for the present invention
Another wheel diameters detecting system structural representation.As shown in figure 4, on the basis of Fig. 2, wheel diameters detection system
System may also include：Antenna 7 and radio frequency main frame 8, antenna 7 and radio frequency main frame 8 connect, and radio frequency main frame 8 and controller 3 connect；Antenna 7
It is arranged in the preset range of track；Antenna 7 is used for the label information for obtaining the vehicle to be measured, and the label information is sent out
Give radio frequency main frame 8；Radio frequency main frame 8 is used for according to the label information, determines the identification information of the vehicle to be measured, and this is identified
Information is sent to controller 3.
Specifically, may be provided with vehicle tag 10 on vehicle 9 to be measured, vehicle tag 10 may include information of vehicles such as train
Number.Vehicle tag 10 is located at the bottom of vehicle 9 to be measured, then antenna 7 can be located at the intermediate region of two tracks.
When vehicle 9 to be measured enters the track in the range of the microwave signal that antenna 7 is launched, antenna 7 can gather the institute of vehicle 9 to be measured
The information of the vehicle tag 10 of carrying, and the correspondence of vehicle 9 to be measured is decoded according to the information of the vehicle tag 10 by radio frequency main frame 8
Identification information, obtain the label information of vehicle 9 to be measured such as：Train number etc..And identification information corresponding to vehicle 9 to be measured is sent
To controller 3, controller 3 treat measuring car 9 corresponding to identification information preserved, be easy to establish vehicle to be measured and treat measuring car with this
Wheel size between corresponding relation.
The wheel diameters detecting system that the present embodiment provides, can automatic identification vehicle tag so that the wheel chi detected
Very little information can be accurately corresponding with the information of vehicles of vehicle to be measured, is easy to vehicle maintenance.Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above
It is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although the present invention is carried out in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments
Thin explanation, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to the technical side described in foregoing embodiments
Case is modified, and either carries out equivalent substitution to which part or all technical characteristic；And these modifications or replacement, not
The essence of appropriate technical solution is set to depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
The present invention provides a kind of wheel diameters detection method.Fig. 5 is a kind of wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention
Flow chart.The wheel diameters detection method is applied to wheel diameters detecting system, by the control in wheel diameters detecting system
Device performs.As shown in figure 5, this method may include following steps：
S501, obtain 4 multigroup first range informations between range sensor and wheel positioned at the side of track；Its
In, every group of range information includes：The range information of 4 range sensors collection；
Specifically, what 4 range sensors that controller can receive positioned at the side of track were sent by data collecting card
Multigroup first range information.
If the range sensor is laser sensor, range sensor can launch laser to wheel tread, to wheel pedal
The reflected light in face, which carries out processing, can obtain the distance between range sensor and wheel of vehicle to be measured information.
Wheel wear deforms upon, and is often changed into ellipse from circle, by setting 4 range sensors, can survey simultaneously
The first range information between 4 test points and corresponding 4 range sensors on wheel contour is obtained, according to 4 first distances
Information, the contour curve of elliptical wheel can be obtained.The elliptic contour curve is more close to the net shape after wheel wear so that
Measurement result is more accurate.The range information detected according to this can determine that the contour curve information of the wheel to be measured, so as to
The size of wheel can be further determined that, according to the size of the wheel, it may be determined that go out the abrasion condition of wheel.
S502, obtain the second distance information being located between 1 range sensor and the wheel of the track opposite side；
It is somebody's turn to do specifically, controller can receive the range sensor that track both sides are oppositely arranged by what data collecting card was sent
Second distance information.
S503, the size for determining according to multigroup first range information and the second distance information wheel.
Specifically, the range information detected according to this can determine that the contour curve information and wheel of the wheel to be measured
Flange height and thickness, so as to further determine that the size of wheel, according to the size of the wheel, it may be determined that go out the abrasion of wheel
Situation.
Wherein, controller can determine the size of wheel according to range information, then determine wheel according to the size of the wheel
Abrasion condition etc..Wherein, the size of the wheel for example may include：The overall size information of wheel and/or the wheel rim chi of wheel
Very little information etc..The abrasion condition of the wheel for example may include：The abrasion condition of the profile of wheel and/or the wheel wear feelings of wheel
Condition.
The present embodiment provides a kind of detection method of wheel diameters, including：Obtain multigroup 4 positioned at the side of track away from
From the first range information between sensor and wheel；Wherein, N is the integer more than or equal to 2；Track both sides are obtained to be oppositely arranged
Range sensor and the wheel between second distance information；The ellipse of the wheel is determined according to first range information
Circle contour curve；Determine that the flange thickness of the wheel and/or flange height the present embodiment carry according to the second distance information
The detection method of the wheel diameters of confession, it can detect and calculate the size of the wheel of vehicle to be measured, it is then true according to the size of wheel
Determine the abrasion condition of wheel, avoid the security incident that wheel diameters change triggers.
Further, in step S503 as described above, the size of the wheel includes：The elliptic contour curve of wheel and
Flange thickness and/or flange height of wheel etc..Fig. 6 is to determine wheel diameters in wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention
Method flow diagram.As shown in fig. 6, this determines the chi of the wheel according to multigroup first range information and the second distance information
It is very little including：
S601, the elliptic contour curve for determining according to multigroup first range information the wheel.
Specifically, controller can determine that 4 detections on multigroup wheel contour first according to multigroup first range information
The coordinate information of point, 3 round curvilinear equations can be established according to the coordinate information of 3 test points in every group of coordinate information, and then
3 unknown parameters of circular curve equation are can obtain, further according to the coordinate information of the 4th point in every group of coordinate information, are determined
Uniquely round curvilinear equation.And then the curvilinear equation that can be uniquely justified according to this determines the radius of the wheel of vehicle to be measured
Value, the major axis using the maximum of the wheel of vehicle radius to be measured as the elliptic contour curve of the wheel, by the vehicle car to be measured
Short axle of the minimum value of radius as the elliptic contour curve of the wheel is taken turns, and then the elliptic contour for obtaining the wheel to be measured is bent
Line.Wherein, the corresponding range sensor of each test point.
Controller can determine the car of the vehicle to be measured it is determined that after the contour curve of the wheel according to the elliptic contour curve
The profile wear situation of wheel.
S602, the flange thickness and/or flange height for determining according to the second distance information wheel.
Specifically, controller can determine the wheel tread curve of the wheel of vehicle to be measured according to the second distance information, and according to
The wheel tread curve of the wheel of vehicle to be measured determines the flange thickness and/or flange height of wheel.
Controller, can be true according to the flange thickness and/or flange height it is determined that after the flange thickness and/or flange height
The wheel wear situation of the wheel of the fixed vehicle to be measured.
Controller can receive that 4 range sensors positioned at the side of track are sent by data collecting card 2 groups this
One range information.
Meanwhile controller can also receive the range sensor that track both sides are oppositely arranged and is somebody's turn to do by what data collecting card was sent
Second distance information.
Optionally, Fig. 7 is the side for the elliptic contour size that wheel is determined in wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention
Method flow chart.As shown in fig. 7, in step S601 as described above, the ellipse of the wheel is determined according to first range information
Contour curve, it may include：
S701, coordinate transform is carried out to multigroup first range information, obtain the first conversion corresponding to multigroup wheel and sit
Mark information.
Specifically, 4 range sensors 1 positioned at the side of track have different mounted angles from horizontally arranged,
Assuming that 4 range sensors 1 of the side of track are to be arranged on the inside of track.
First, two-dimensional coordinate system is established in the plane in the wheel contour for carrying out dimensional measurement：Direction along ng a path is X
Axle, it is Y-axis upwards by first range sensor and perpendicular to rail.Assuming that the coordinate of each range sensor is (xi,
yi), the valid data group of each range sensor output is { Si, the mounted angle of each range sensor and horizontal direction is
θi。
In the present embodiment, the first range information is that detection obtains 4 range sensors simultaneously, therefore, i values positive integer 1,
2nd, 3,4, the first range information S that range sensor is measuredi, coordinate value (xi, yi), mounted angle θiBring into formula (1),
It can determine that coordinate information (X corresponding to the test point on wheel contouri,Yi)：
(Xi,Yi)=(xi,yi)+(Si×cosθi,Si×sinθi) (1)
Coordinate information (X corresponding to test point on wheel contouri,Yi) it is the first coordinate transforming information.
S702, the multigroup arc radius for determining according to multigroup first coordinate transforming information the wheel.
Specifically, controller can establish 3 according to 3 the first coordinate transforming information in every group of first coordinate transforming information
Round curvilinear equation, and then can obtain 3 parameters of circular curve equation.If the side of track is provided with 3 range sensors,
3 parameters are can obtain by performing S702.
Wherein, formula (2) is circular curve equation.
X2+Y2+ DX+EY+F=0 (2)
First pass through formula (2) and least square processing is carried out to the first coordinate transforming information of acquisition, can obtain each in equation
Coefficient D, E, F value, so as to further try to achieve round basic parameter.Wherein, round basic parameter includes：The center of circle, radius.
Now, also the 4th the first coordinate transforming information in each group the first coordinate transforming information can be substituted into each circular curve equation
Row checking, determines whether the 4th point passes through circular curve on wheel, if more than the 4th on wheel in preset group coordinate information
First coordinate transforming information without circular curve, then illustrates that wheel wear situation is more serious, now, can continue to determine wheel
Elliptic contour curve, conversely, then stop detection.
In round radius and elliptic equation shown in the relation such as formula (3) of each coefficient：
Each coefficient D, E, F value are brought into above-mentioned formula (3) respectively, multiple radius value R of circle can be obtained.
S703, using the maximum of arc radius as major axis, using the minimum value of arc radius as short axle, and then determine car
The elliptic contour curve of wheel.
Specifically, each radius of wheel value R maximum is determined according to the multiple radius value R obtained in above-mentioned steps S203
RmaxWith minimum value Rmin。
Wherein, formula (4) is elliptic curve equation：
A is ellipse short shaft in formula (4), and b is transverse, by a=Rmin, b=Rmax, bring into formula (4), you can determine car
Take turns the elliptic curve of profile.
Optionally, can also be by corresponding to removing maximum in the arc radius value and remaining arc radius outside minimum value
First coordinate transforming value is brought into formula (4), obtains the elliptic curve of wheel contour.
The method of the elliptic contour size for the determination wheel that the present embodiment provides, the detected according to 4 range informations
One range information, the elliptic contour curve of wheel can be obtained, according to the elliptic contour curve, it may be determined that the abrasion condition of wheel,
And elliptic contour curve, more close to the net shape after wheel wear, therefore, this method also may be such that measurement result is more accurate
Really, it effectively prevent the security incident that wheel diameters change triggers.
Optionally, the present invention also provides a kind of wheel diameters detection method.Fig. 8 detects for wheel diameters provided by the invention
The flange thickness of wheel and/or the method flow diagram of flange height are determined in method.As shown in figure 8, in step as described above
In S602, the flange thickness and/or flange height of the wheel are determined according to the second distance information, including：
The second distance information between S801, each range sensor and the wheel that are oppositely arranged to the track both sides
Coordinate transform is carried out, obtains the second coordinate transforming information corresponding to each range sensor.
Illustrate below in conjunction with example.
Fig. 9 is the coordinate transform schematic diagram of second distance information provided by the invention.As shown in figure 9, x(1)o(1)y(1)、x(2)
o(2)y(2)Coordinate system before being converted for the second distance information coordinate, u(1)o(1)v(1)、u(2)o(2)v(2)After coordinate transform
Coordinate system.
x(1)o(1)y(1)Coordinate system is to u(1)o(1)v(1)Shown in the transformation for mula of coordinate system such as formula (5), formula (6)：
Wherein, (xn (1), yn (1)) it is x(1)o(1)y(1)Interior any point, θ are the point and yn (1)The angle of axle, β1Outside for track
The range sensor 1 of side and the angle value of vertical direction, (un (1), vn (1)) for the point in u(1)o(1)v(1)Interior coordinate value.Vertically
Direction is perpendicular to rail upwardly direction.
x(2)o(2)y(2)Coordinate system is to u(2)o(2)v(2)Shown in the transformation for mula of coordinate system such as formula (7), formula (8)：
Wherein, (xn (2), yn (2)) it is x(2)o(2)y(2)Interior any point, θ ' are the point and yn (2)The angle of axle, β2For track
The range sensor 1 in outside and the angle value of vertical direction, (un (2), vn (2)) for the point in u(2)o(2)v(2)Interior coordinate value.
Optionally, before carrying out coordinate transform in step s 701, the wheel rim size detection side of the present embodiment offer
Method may also include：Respectively according to corresponding to each wheel of the vehicle to be detected second car apart from acquisition of information each wheel
Corresponding target tread.
Wherein, target tread refer to it is each be arranged on single-sided tracks both sides range sensor 1 send each wheel on
The minimum tread of its oval circle center distance, each wheel at least correspond to 2 target treads.
According to the target tread, it may be determined that go out the wheel tread curve of the wheel to be measured.
Second coordinate transforming information fusion corresponding to S802, all range sensors for being oppositely arranged the track both sides is extremely
In the same coordinate system, the second fusion coordinate information corresponding to the wheel is obtained.
Due to being arranged on the sensors of single-sided tracks both sides to be symmetrical in pairs, then the second coordinate transforming information be also positioned at
In two coordinate systems of the both sides of single-sided tracks.In order to further improve the accuracy of the rim size of detection wheel, needing will be into
The two target treads obtained to the range sensor for being symmetrically arranged on track both sides are fused in the same coordinate system, to carry out
The fitting of the wheel tread curve of corresponding wheel.
Specifically, by taking a certain wheel of vehicle to be detected as an example, it is assumed that be symmetrically arranged on single-sided tracks both sides in pairs
Two target treads of wheel that sensor obtains are S1 and S2, wherein, target tread S1 is by being symmetrically arranged on one side in pairs
Sensor on the inside of track obtains, the coordinate system u after coordinate transform on the inside of track(1)o(1)v(1)In curve, target
Tread S2 is to be obtained by being symmetrically arranged on the sensor on the outside of single-sided tracks in pairs, after coordinate transform on the outside of track
Coordinate system u(2)o(2)v(2)In curve.Need to be by the coordinate system u on the inside of track(1)o(1)v(1)In target tread S1 and track outside
The coordinate system u of side(2)o(2)v(2)In target tread S2 the same coordinate system UOV is fused to by formula (9) and formula (10) respectively
In：
u(0)=un (1)+a u(0)=un (2)+c (9)
v(0)=vn (1)+b v(0)=vn (2)+d (10)
(un (1), vn (1))、(un (2), vn (2)) be respectively target tread S1 and target tread S2 coordinate information, (u(0),v(0)) for target tread S1 and target tread S2 coordinate information be fused to the same coordinate system UOV second fusion coordinate information, a,
B is respectively target tread S1 coordinate information (un (1), vn (1)) it is fused to abscissa increment and ordinate when in coordinate system UOV
Increment, c, d are respectively target tread S2 coordinate information (un (2), vn (2)) be fused to abscissa increment when in coordinate system UOV and
Latitude.
S803, the second fusion coordinate information is carried out curve fitting, obtain the wheel tread curve of the wheel.
For example, Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of wheel tread curve provided by the invention.Tread portion in curve in Fig. 9
It is divided into the second fusion coordinate information (u according to coordinate system UOV in step S52(0),v(0)) obtained curve is fitted, for corresponding car
The wheel tread curve 13 of wheel.
S804, according to the wheel tread curve, determine the thickness of the wheel rim of the wheel and/or the height of wheel rim.
As shown in fig. 7, the wheel tread curve 13 of wheel is made up of tread 11 and the two parts of wheel rim 12, vehicle wheel rolling presses are on rail
Contact portion be referred to as tread 11, the flange that there is a circumferentially projection inner side of wheel tread 11 is referred to as wheel rim 12.Apart from wheel rim 12
Point O at the datum line distance L1 of inner side on tread 11 is referred to as datum mark.L1 for example can be 70 millimeters.Datum mark O and with wheel
The vertical range at the top of edge 12 is referred to as wheel rim high H, datum mark O along wheel rim 12 at the inner side datum line direction extended distance L2 of wheel rim 12
Thickness be referred to as wheel rim thickness W.L2 for example can be 10 millimeters.Cross datum mark O, a diameter of wheel in the wheel section of vertical water horizontal line
Footpath.
For example can be according to the wheel tread curve in the S804, and the size relationship of wheel rim and tread in the wheel tread curve, really
The thickness of wheel rim and/or the height of wheel rim of the fixed wheel.Wherein, the size relationship of wheel rim and tread is for example in the wheel tread curve
Can be shown in Fig. 7.
The method of the flange thickness and/or flange height of the determination wheel that the present embodiment provides, believed according to the second distance
Breath, the flange thickness and/or flange height of the wheel to be measured can be obtained, according to the flange thickness and/or wheel rim of the wheel to be measured
Highly, it may be determined that the abrasion condition of wheel rim on wheel, avoid the security incident of wheel rim change in size initiation.
Optionally, on the basis of method as described above, the present invention also provides a kind of wheel diameters detection method.Figure 11
For the flow chart of another wheel diameters detection method provided by the invention.Optionally, as shown in figure 11, walking as described above
Before obtaining the distance between the wheel of each range sensor and vehicle to be measured information in rapid S501, this method may also include：
S1101, the label information for gathering the vehicle to be measured.
The label information of the vehicle for example can be the information of the vehicle tag entrained by vehicle to be measured, and vehicle 9 to be measured enters
Enter antenna transmitting microwave signal in the range of track when, controller can receive antenna 7 sent by radio frequency main frame it is to be measured
The vehicle tag information of vehicle.
S1102, according to the label information, determine the identification information of the vehicle to be measured.
The identification information of the vehicle to be measured for example can be train number.Controller can treat mark letter corresponding to measuring car 9
Breath is preserved so that subsequently corresponds to vehicle 9 to be measured to the detection information of wheel diameters.
The wheel diameters check system that the present embodiment provides, can automatic identification vehicle tag so that the wheel diameters detected
Information can accurately correspond to information of vehicles, be easy to vehicle maintenance.
Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of wheel diameters detection method.Figure 12 is wheel provided by the invention
The method flow diagram of range information is obtained in size detecting method.As shown in figure 12, obtained in step S501 as described above
4 multigroup first range informations between range sensor and wheel positioned at the side of track, and obtain and be located in S502
Second distance information between 1 range sensor of the track both sides and the wheel；It may also include：
S1201, in preset time period, obtain the information that the range sensor collects.
Specifically, the range information detected to the range sensor need to carry out minute wheel processing：First, Distance-sensing is obtained
The range information that device 1 is sent so that each corresponding numbering of range information；Since being numbered first, to adjacent numbering
Range information carry out Difference Calculation, when the difference value of the range information obtained by Difference Calculation is less than or equal to preset value
When, then this time range information corresponding to two numberings in Difference Calculation belongs to the range information of same wheel；When passing through difference
When the difference value point being calculated is more than preset value, then second this time in Difference Calculation number corresponding to range information belong to
The range information of next wheel.Above-mentioned Difference Calculation process is until the last numbering that respective distances sensor 1 is sent.Complete
Range sensor 1 is sent to the minute wheel processing of the range information of controller 3.
S1202, invalid information in the information that the range sensor collects is removed, obtain the range information.
Specifically, the information that range sensor 1 detects can be divided into effective information and invalid information, the invalid information can be with
It is information of the range information for sky, when the laser of range sensor transmitting does not intersect with wheel, range information is sky, is formed
Invalid information.
When removing the invalid information, the range information that first can be measured according to range sensor obtains the first matrix, and described the
The range information that each range sensor of each behavior of one matrix measures；Remove distance letter invalid in first matrix
Row where ceasing, obtain the second matrix for not including invalid range information.
Each range sensor is possible to get invalid range information during actually detected, by described in removal
Row in first matrix where invalid range information, it can remove each range sensor and get the invalid range information moment
All range informations so that the range information that each range sensor detects is effective information, so as to directly to one group
Effective range information is handled, accurately to obtain wheel contour curve to be measured.
The detection method for the wheel diameters that the present embodiment provides, by setting the time interval of wheel information detection, realize
The minute wheel processing of wheel dimension information so that testing result is more accurate, and detection is more efficient.Meanwhile first removed before information processing
Each range sensor gets all range informations at invalid range information moment, can avoid controller handle this it is invalid away from
From information so that wheel diameters detection is more efficient.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. wheel diameters detecting system, it is characterised in that including：5 range sensors, data collecting card and controller, Each range sensor is connected with the data collecting card, and the data collecting card is connected with the controller；Wherein, 4 away from From the side that sensor is located at track；1 range sensor is located at the opposite side of the track, the distance of the side of the track 1 range sensor in sensor be present, be symmetrical arranged with the range sensor of the opposite side of the track；Each range sensor is used to gather between each range sensor position and the wheel of vehicle to be measured Range information, and send to the data collecting card range information of each range sensor collection；The data are adopted Truck is used to send the range information of each range sensor collection to the controller；The controller is used for multigroup first distance letter according to 4 range sensors collection positioned at the side of the track Breath, and positioned at the track opposite side the collection of 1 range sensor second distance information, determine the chi of the wheel It is very little.
- 2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Axial sensor；The axial sensor and institute Controller connection is stated, the controller is connected with each range sensor；The axial sensor is used for the axle position information for detecting the vehicle to be measured, and the axle position information is sent to the control Device processed；The controller is used to according to the axle position information determine whether the vehicle to be measured is put in storage, if storage, to described every Individual range sensor sends trigger signal.
- 3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include：Antenna and radio frequency main frame, the antenna and described Radio frequency main frame connects, and the radio frequency main frame connects with the controller；The antenna is arranged in the preset range of track；The antenna is used for the label letter for obtaining the vehicle to be measured Breath, and the label information is sent to the radio frequency main frame；The radio frequency main frame is used for according to the label information, determines the identification information of the vehicle to be measured, and by the mark Information is sent to the controller.
- A kind of 4. wheel diameters detection method, it is characterised in that including：Obtain 4 multigroup first range informations between range sensor and wheel positioned at the side of track；Wherein, every group away from Include from information：The range information of 4 range sensors collection；Obtain the second distance information between 1 range sensor and the wheel of the track opposite side；The size of the wheel is determined according to multigroup first range information and the second distance information.
- 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that the size of the wheel includes：The elliptic contour of wheel is bent Flange thickness and/or flange height of line and wheel etc.；It is described to determine that the size of the wheel includes according to multigroup first range information and the second distance information：The elliptic contour curve of the wheel is determined according to multigroup first range information；The flange thickness and/or flange height of the wheel are determined according to the second distance information.
- 6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that described that the wheel is determined according to first range information Elliptic contour curve, including：Coordinate transform is carried out to multigroup first range information, the first coordinate transforming corresponding to multigroup wheel is obtained and believes Breath；Multigroup arc radius of the wheel is determined according to multigroup first coordinate transforming information；Using the maximum of arc radius as major axis, using the minimum value of arc radius as short axle, and then the ellipse of wheel is determined Contour curve.
- 7. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that described that the wheel is determined according to the second distance information Flange thickness and/or flange height, including：The second distance information between each range sensor and the wheel that are oppositely arranged to the track both sides is entered Row coordinate transform, obtain the second coordinate transforming information corresponding to each range sensor；Second coordinate transforming information fusion corresponding to all range sensors that the track both sides are oppositely arranged is to same seat In mark system, the second fusion coordinate information corresponding to the wheel is obtained；Described second fusion coordinate information is carried out curve fitting, obtains wheel tread curve corresponding to the wheel；According to the wheel tread curve, the thickness of the wheel rim of the wheel and/or the height of wheel rim are determined.
- 8. according to the method any one of claim 4-7, it is characterised in that described to obtain each range sensor with treating Before the distance between wheel of measuring car information, methods described also includes：Gather the label information of the vehicle to be measured；According to the label information, the identification information of the vehicle to be measured is determined.
- 9. according to the method any one of claim 4-7, it is characterised in that the acquisition range sensor is with treating measuring car The distance between wheel information, including：In preset time period, the information that the range sensor collects is obtained；The invalid information in the information that the range sensor collects is removed, obtains the range information.Obtain 4 the first range informations between range sensor and wheel positioned at the side of track；Wherein, every group of distance letter Breath includes：The range information of 4 range sensors collection；Obtain the second distance information between 1 range sensor and the wheel of the track opposite side；The size of the wheel is determined according to first range information and the second distance information.
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