CN105416326B - A kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing - Google Patents
A kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105416326B CN105416326B CN201511017123.7A CN201511017123A CN105416326B CN 105416326 B CN105416326 B CN 105416326B CN 201511017123 A CN201511017123 A CN 201511017123A CN 105416326 B CN105416326 B CN 105416326B
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- head cover
- arm
- closing
- opening
- car body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D39/00—Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs
- B61D39/006—Opening and closing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/12—Roofs
- B61D17/16—Hatches in roofs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing, opening when head cover is opened can be increased, preferably to meet loading requirement, while excessive limitation will not be generated to the structure of car body so that car body can maximally utilise the space in vehicle gauge.The head cover of the railway freight-car includes the first head cover and the second head cover, the head cover mechanism for opening/closing includes driving device and actuating arm connected to it, the actuating arm includes the first arm and the second arm, first head cover and second head cover are foldable member, the outer of the two is connected with car body, the interior edge of one of which is connect with first arm, and the interior edge of another one is connect with second arm, and first arm and second arm are hinged with car body；The driving device drives first arm and second arm relatively or contrarily to swing, and docks closing or outward folding first head cover and second head cover to be driven inwardly to be unfolded and detaches unlatching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway freight-car technical field, more particularly to a kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing.
Background technology
Current China is in the economic development transitional period, and railway transportation is sent out as main modes of transportation for goods in economy
It is played a very important role in exhibition, while the environmental protection in transportational process is also increasingly by the concern and attention of society.
The prevailing traffic equipment of open-top car and hopper wagon as China's transport bulk goods, accounts for the proportion of total volume of railway freight very
Greatly.Open-top car top does not have head cover, and Partial Species hopper wagon top is substantially exposed to without head cover, cargo in natural environment, is being transported
Cargo shortage is effectively protected in the process.There are problems in transportational process：
It is safety problem first, since cargo is bulked in car, rail truck operating status is more complicated, multi-motion phase
Interaction easily makes cargo fall under vehicle；Meanwhile vehicle high-speed is run, the cargo fallen easily injures by a crashing object very much with higher initial velocity
People, the danger bigger when two vehicles cross, and when car and lorry cross, then caused by endanger and can aggravate.In actually runing,
Bulk material cargo is generally covered, while paulin is lain in vehicle both sides using paulin.When the vehicle is running, due to bundle in place of direct bearing
It ties up the factors such as elastic and easily generates and loosen, hooking with the object except vehicle gauge causes the accident that should not be generated.Therefore railway
A large amount of cargo surveyor is equipped with department, and cargo safety inspection is carried out to operation vehicle.But the but also operation cost of vehicle
It is significantly increased.
Secondly, there is a situation where the frequent missing package of goods train in China, so freight is generally using covering
Protected with the mode that personnel escort, both caused in this way personnel waste simultaneously escort personnel onboard live it is very arduous,
Be also very inconvenient, but also the safe operation of vehicle lead to the problem of it is more unpredictable.
Further more, cargo is exposed easily to generate airborne dust under wind action in air.The pollution of air, environment is caused, is reached
Less than the requirement of environmental protection, inconvenience is brought to the life of subjective reflection.
When vehicle is equipped with head cover since head cover is effectively combined together into a kind of protection of comparatively robust with car body
Therefore facility can effectively avoid some problems that above-mentioned car operation process occurs.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, the head cover of railway freight-car in the prior art is described in detail.Wherein, Fig. 1 is the prior art
The structure diagram that middle head cover is closed
Existing patent discloses a kind of opening and closing head cover of lorry, belongs to the component technology field of lorry, the opening and closing top
Lid include 1 ＇ of circular arc roof, 2 ＇ of charging door frame, 7 ＇ of driving device, 3 ＇ of the first head cover, 4 ＇ of the second head cover, the first bias 5 ＇ of rocking bar and
Second bias rocking bar 6 ＇, 1 ＇ of circular arc roof has 2 ＇ of a charging door frame, 2 ＇ of charging door frame on the car body of lorry on 1 ＇ of circular arc roof
Upper to have two head covers respectively, 3 ＇ of the first head cover is located at the side of 2 ＇ of charging door frame, and 4 ＇ of the second head cover is located at the another of 2 ＇ of charging door frame
Side；The both ends of first head cover, 3 ＇ are connected with one end of the first 5 ＇ of eccentric rocking bar, the both ends of 4 ＇ of the second head cover and the second eccentric rocking bar
One end of 6 ＇ is connected, and the other end of the other end of the first 5 ＇ of eccentric rocking bar and the second 6 ＇ of eccentric rocking bar are hinged on the car body of lorry
On, 7 ＇ of driving device is connected respectively with two eccentric rocking bars.When loading cargo, 3 ＇ of the first head cover and 4 ＇ of the second head cover can be by driving
7 ＇ of device is opened；In transit, 3 ＇ of the first head cover and 4 ＇ of the second head cover are constantly in closed state, and be tightly connected, and have
The performances such as sand prevention, dust-proof, rain-proof.
But there are following technical problems for above-mentioned existing head cover：What is more important, in above-mentioned opening and closing head cover, it is necessary to
Sliding rail when being opened using 1 ＇ of circular arc roof as 3 ＇ of the first head cover and 4 ＇ of the second head cover, that is to say, that opened using above-mentioned
Close head cover, the side wall of car body is necessarily arranged to arc-shaped, it is impossible to make full use of the space in vehicle gauge, waste a large amount of load
Goods space reduces the cargo dead-weight of car body；Moreover, when side wall uses arc-shaped, openings of sizes is limited, can not preferably be expired
Foot loading requirement.In addition, the dead weight of above-mentioned head cover is larger, it is poor to open and close convenience.
Therefore, a kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing how are designed, to increase opening, preferably meeting loading will
The technical issues of asking, while reduce the limitation to the structure of car body, becoming those skilled in the art's current urgent need to resolve.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing, can increase opening when head cover is opened
Mouthful, preferably to meet loading requirement, while excessive limitation will not be generated to the structure of car body so that car body can be to greatest extent
Ground utilizes the space in vehicle gauge.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of head cover mechanism for opening/closing of railway freight-car, the top of railway freight-car
Lid includes the first head cover and the second head cover, and the head cover mechanism for opening/closing includes driving device and actuating arm connected to it, described
Actuating arm includes the first arm and the second arm, and first head cover and second head cover are foldable member, the outer of the two with
Car body is connected, and the interior edge of one of which is connect with first arm, and the interior edge of another one is connect with second arm, and described first
Arm and second arm are hinged with car body；The driving device drives first arm and second arm relatively or contrarily to put
It is dynamic, it docks closing or outward folding first head cover and second head cover to be driven inwardly to be unfolded and detaches unlatching.
The head cover mechanism for opening/closing of the present invention, the first head cover and the second head cover are foldable member, and the outer of the two and car body
It is connected, and the two is moved by the first arm and the second armband and is inwardly unfolded to dock, to realize the closing of head cover or outside folding
And detach, to realize the unlatching of head cover.
Using the above structure, since the outer of the first head cover and the second head cover and car body are connected, will not protruding car body,
Also just without opening and closing reserved space for head cover in roof, roof is not influenced in space layout by head cover keying substantially, and then
The space in vehicle gauge can be made full use of to carry out, capacity utilization is improved, increase cargo dead-weight；Meanwhile first head cover
With the second head cover be foldable member, can fully outside folding so that between the first head cover and the second head cover formed foot
Enough big openings preferably meet loading and unloading demand.
Optionally, first arm is hinged by the first articulated shaft with car body, and to be in the first articulated shaft side
Side connect with the driving device, the side of opposite side is connect with first head cover；
And/or second arm is hinged by the second articulated shaft with car body, and to be in the second articulated shaft side
Side is connect with the driving device, and the side of opposite side is connect with second head cover.
Optionally, the driving device has the drive shaft that extends from inside to outside, the drive shaft and first arm and
Second arm is hinged；The driving device driving drive shaft is stretched or inside and outside movement, to drive first arm and institute
State the inside and outside swing of the second arm.
Optionally, the drive shaft includes the first axle hinged with first arm and hinged with second arm second
Axis, the driving device are included for driving the first actuator of the first axle and for driving the second of second axis to drive
Moving part.
Optionally, the driving device further includes the link mechanism hinged with the drive shaft, and the link mechanism includes
Hinged first connecting rod and the second connecting rod hinged with second arm with first arm, the drive shaft drive the connecting rod
Mechanism rotates, and first arm and second arm are driven with synchronous.
Optionally, several supporting beams for being used to support first head cover and second head cover, each branch are further included
Support the arrangement of beam lateral separation；The supporting beam includes the girder being longitudinally extended and the end extended downwardly by the both ends of the girder
Beam, the girder are used to support the top surface of first head cover or second head cover, and the end carriage is used to support described first
The end face of head cover or second head cover.
Optionally, the bottom end of the end carriage is hinged with car body, and first arm and second arm can drive the end
Beam is inside and outside to be swung.
Optionally, the hinge joint of each end carriage and car body for being used to support first head cover is in same straight line
On；And/or be used to support second head cover each end carriage and car body hinge joint it is on the same line.
Optionally, the girder and the end carriage are intervally distributed with several connecting holes with connector cooperation, to lead to
Cross the first head cover described in connector or second head cover connection.
Optionally, the girder is in the arch to be arched upward upwards to centre by both ends.
Optionally, on direction from outside to inside, the radian that each girder arches upward is cumulative.
Optionally, the commissure of first head cover and second head cover is tightly connected using mazy sealing element.
Optionally, first head cover and second head cover are tarpaulin.
The present invention also provides a kind of railway freight-car, including above-mentioned head cover mechanism for opening/closing.
Since the railway freight-car of the present invention includes head cover mechanism for opening/closing described in any one of the above embodiments, therefore described in any of the above-described
The technique effect that can be generated of head cover mechanism for opening/closing be suitable for the invention railway freight-car, details are not described herein again.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram that head cover is closed in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram that head cover mechanism for opening/closing provided by the present invention is in full-shut position in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram that head cover mechanism for opening/closing provided by the present invention is shown in a fully open operation in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram that head cover mechanism for opening/closing provided by the present invention is in full-shut position in example 2；
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram that head cover mechanism for opening/closing provided by the present invention is shown in a fully open operation in example 2；
A kind of side structure of concrete application mode shows when Fig. 6 is used for hopper wagon for head cover mechanism for opening/closing provided by the present invention
It is intended to；
Fig. 7 is the side structure that head cover mechanism for opening/closing provided by the present invention is used for another kind concrete application mode during hopper wagon
Schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1：
1 ＇ of circular arc roof, 2 ＇ of charging door frame, 3 ＇ of the first head cover, 4 ＇ of the second head cover, the first 5 ＇ of eccentric rocking bar, the second bias are shaken
6 ＇ of bar, 7 ＇ of driving device；
In Fig. 2-7：
First head cover 1, the second head cover 2；
Driving device 3, drive shaft 31, first axle 311, the second axis 312, the first actuator 32, the second actuator 33, connecting rod
Mechanism 34, first connecting rod 341, second connecting rod 342；
Actuating arm 4, the first arm 41, the first articulated shaft 411, the second arm 42, the second articulated shaft 421；
Supporting beam 5, girder 51, end carriage 52, connecting hole 53.
Specific embodiment
The core of the present invention is to provide a kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing, can increase opening when head cover is opened
Mouthful, preferably to meet loading requirement, while excessive limitation will not be generated to the structure of car body so that car body can be to greatest extent
Ground utilizes the space in vehicle gauge.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing of the present invention are specifically introduced, so as to ability
Field technique personnel's accurate understanding technical scheme of the present invention.
In the case of no specified otherwise, the orientation such as upper and lower, transverse direction as described herein are using railway freight-car as reference, railway
When lorry is in use state, perpendicular to the direction of orbital plane, under being close to the direction of track, the direction far from track is
On, the short transverse of vertical namely railway freight-car；In the plane for being parallel to orbital plane, it is parallel to the operation side of railway freight-car
To the length direction for longitudinal direction, that is, railway freight-car, the direction being transversely to the machine direction is laterally, that is, the width of railway freight-car
Direction；In the longitudinal direction, before being in the direction pointed by railway freight-car traffic direction, after being with preceding opposite direction；In transverse direction
On, it is seen along the traffic direction of railway freight-car, the direction in left-hand side can be defined as a left side, and the direction in right-hand side can be with
It is defined as the right side.
For ease of description, herein using the joint close of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 as reference, in the horizontal, close to joint close
Direction is interior, and the direction far from joint close is outer.
It is as described herein it is several be that exponential quantity is not known, it is usually more than two multiple；It is moreover, because as described herein
Several is that exponential quantity is not known, even if using several numbers for defining multiple components or structure, can not be interpreted as these portions
The number of part or structure is equal.
First, second grade words as described herein only for the same or similar different components of specification configuration, are not indicated that suitable
Certain of sequence is specifically limited.
As shown in Figure 2-5, the present invention provides a kind of head cover mechanism for opening/closing of railway freight-car, it is used to implement railway freight-car
Head cover opens and closes, wherein, the head cover of railway freight-car includes the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, in the effect of the head cover mechanism for opening/closing
Under, the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 can be docked opens iron to close opening at the top of railway freight-car or relative separation
The opening of afloat roof realizes the keying of head cover.
The head cover mechanism for opening/closing of the present invention includes, driving device 3 and the actuating arm 4 being connect with driving device 3, wherein, it drives
Swing arm 4 includes the first arm 41 and the second arm 42；The outer of first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 is connected with car body, and the first head cover 1
It is foldable member with the second head cover 2, the interior edge of the first head cover 1 is connect with the first arm 41, interior edge and the second arm of the second head cover 2
42 connections；First arm 41 and the second arm 42 are hinged with car body, then driving device 3 can drive the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 around
Respectively rotated with the articulated shaft of car body so that the 42 opposite or opposite swing of the first arm 41 and the second arm, and then drive the first top
1 and second inwardly expansion or the outside folding of head cover 2 of lid；When the first arm 41 and the second 42 relative swing of arm, the first top is driven
The 1 and second inwardly expansion of head cover 2 of lid, can cause the interior edge docking of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, to form joint close, and then
Realize the fully closed of head cover；When the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are swung opposite to each other, the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 is driven to receive outward
Folding, can cause the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 to be detached by commissure, and then is formed and be open at the top of car body, realize head cover
Unlatching, and fold after-opening completely to maximum in the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, be shown in a fully open operation.
It should be noted that the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are only for distinguishing two different actuating arms 4, it can be by the
One arm 41 is connect with the first head cover 1, the second arm 42 is connect with the second head cover 2, can also connect the second arm 42 and the first head cover 1
It connects, the first arm 41 with the second head cover 2 is connect, is not limited to above-mentioned correspondence.For ease of description, herein only with one of which side
It is illustrated for formula.
Specifically, the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 can be tarpaulin or be made of other flexible materials, so as to
It is folded or is unfolded in 42 swing process of the first arm 41 and the second arm；At this point it is possible to effectively reduce the dead weight of head cover.Or
Folding structure type may be used in person's the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, for example, foldable cover plate etc..In other words, ability
Field technique personnel can be arranged as required to the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, as long as can be with the first arm 41 and the second arm 42
Swing and fold or be unfolded, concrete form is unlimited.
In detail, the first arm 41 can be hinged by the first articulated shaft 411 with car body, and the second arm 42 can pass through the second hinge
Spindle 421 is hinged with car body.At this point, the part that the first arm 41 is in 411 both sides of the first articulated shaft can be respectively defined as first
Side and the second side, wherein, the first side can connect driving device 3, and the second side can be used for connecting the first head cover 1,
When then being moved inside and outside first side of the driving of driving device 3, the first arm 41 will be around the 411 inside and outside swing of the first articulated shaft, Jin Ertong
It crosses the second side and drives the first inwardly expansion or outside folding of head cover 1.Similarly, the second arm 42 is in 421 both sides of the second articulated shaft
Part can be respectively defined as third side and the 4th side, wherein, third side can connect driving device 3, the 4th side
Portion can connect the second head cover 2, then driving device 3 drives and moved inside and outside third side, you can drive second by the 4th side
Inwardly expansion or the outside folding of head cover 2.
First articulated shaft 411 can specifically be set close to the lower part of the first arm 41, at this point, the following side of the first arm 41 is formed
First side, upper lateral part form second side；Similarly, the second articulated shaft 421 can be close to the lower part of the second arm 42
Setting, at this point, the following side of the second arm 42 forms the third side, upper lateral part forms the 4th side.Due to the first side
Portion and third side are connect with the driving device 3, and the second side and the driving force needed for the 4th side be it is certain, according to
Lever principle is it is found that using the above structure, can reduce the driving force of the output of driving device 3, raising drive efficiency.
In more detail, driving device 3 can include the drive shaft 31 that extends from inside to outside, and pass through drive shaft 31 and the
One arm 41 and the second arm 42 are hinged；Driving device 3 can cause drive shaft 31 to move up or stretch in interior foreign side, to drive
Moved inside and outside first side of the first arm 41 and the third side of the second arm 42 so that the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 inward against
It swings or swings opposite to each other outward, and then drive the first head cover 1 and the second inwardly expansion or outside folding of head cover 2.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2-5, concrete structure and driving process to driving device 3 are described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the first specific embodiment, drive shaft 31 can include first axle 311 and second
Axis 312,311 and first arm 41 of first axle are hinged, can be specifically hinged with the first side of the first arm 41, the second axis 312 and the
Two arms 42 are hinged, can be specifically hinged with the third side of the second arm 42；311 and second axis 312 of first axle can by interior and
Outer extension；Driving device 3 can include the first actuator 32 and the second actuator 33, wherein, the first actuator 32 is used to drive
First axle 311 is moved up or is stretched in interior foreign side, and the second actuator 33 is for driving the second axis 312 in interior foreign side to moving up
It is dynamic or flexible.
It is moved or when flexible inside and outside the first actuator 32 driving first axle 311, the first arm 41 can be driven around first
Articulated shaft 411 is inside and outside to be swung, and then drives the first inwardly expansion or outside folding of head cover 1；Similarly, the second actuator 33 drives
When moving inside and outside the second axis 312 or is flexible, the second inwardly expansion or outside folding of head cover 2 can be driven.
As it can be seen that those skilled in the art can be by the first actuator 32 and the second actuator 33 to the first arm 41 and second
Arm 42 is driven and controls respectively, individually to control the keying of the first head cover 1 or the second head cover 2.When the first inwardly exhibition of head cover 1
When opening, 1 corresponding roof opening of the first head cover is opened, when the first 1 outside folding of head cover, by 1 corresponding vehicle of the first head cover
Top opening is closed；Similarly, the second head cover 2 can also realize independent keying.In general, the first actuator 32 and the second actuator 33 can
To be carried out at the same time driving, the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 to be driven to rotate synchronously, and then fully closed or standard-sized sheet is realized.
First actuator 32 and the second actuator 33 can be drive cylinder or cylinder, can also be that driving motor etc. is dynamic
Power source.311 and second axis 312 of first axle can be the structure of telescopic boom, in the first actuator 32 and the second actuator 33
Driving is lower flexible, to realize the driving to the first arm 41 and the second arm 42；311 and second axis 312 of first axle can also be single shaft,
The inside and outside movement under the driving of the first actuator 32 and the second actuator 33 can also be realized to the first arm 41 and the second arm 42
Driving.No matter which kind of structure type 311 and second axis 312 of first axle uses, can extend from outside to inside, it can also be respective
Extending direction stretch or move, acted with simplifying, reduce the transmission link of driving force, the transmission for improving driving force is reliable
Property.
Refer to it is appreciated that 311 and second axis 312 of first axle extends from outside to inside, the two substantially in the horizontal by
Outer and interior extension, can be with the certain smaller angle of relative cross offset, such as tilts down or up certain angle, so as to more preferable
Ground controls drive volume, so as to be matched with the rotation of the first arm 41 and the second arm 42.
In addition, the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 can be arranged on the end of car body, car body longitudinal direction two specifically may be at
The headwall at end, i.e. the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 can be articulated with the headwall of car body, and headwall that specifically can be at car body both ends is equal
First arm 41 and the second arm 42 are set.First head cover 1 being longitudinally extended in car body, the then both ends of the first head cover 1 interior edge
It can be all connected with first arm 41, first arm 41 at both ends can be with synchronization action, the first head cover of one side longitudinal bracing 1, separately
On the one hand the first head cover 1 is opened and closed by swing；Similarly, the second head cover 2 can also being longitudinally extended in car body, the second head cover 2
Both ends it is interior along second arm 42 can be all connected with, the structure type for being specifically referred to the first arm 41 is configured.
First head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 can be symmetrical set about the vertical axis of car body；First arm 41 and second
Arm 42, the first actuator 32 and the second actuator 33,311 and second axis 312 of first axle can also be about the vertical axis of car body
It is symmetrical set.Those skilled in the art can also be as needed, using the structure type of asymmetric setting.
On the basis of the above, head cover mechanism for opening/closing of the invention can also include the supporting beam 5 of several lateral separations arrangement,
To support the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2.First head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 can include the top surface being longitudinally extended and connection
In the end face at top surface both ends, as shown in Figures 2 and 3；Supporting beam 5 can include the girder 51 being longitudinally extended and two by girder 51
Hold the end carriage 52 extended downwardly so that entire supporting beam 5 is substantially in inverted U-shaped setting；Girder 51 is used to support the first head cover 1
Or second head cover 2 top surface, end carriage 52 is then used to support the end face of the first head cover 1 or the second head cover 2.
On the one hand, the setting of supporting beam 5 can enhance the structural strength of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2；On the other hand,
First head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 can form more stable structural form by supporting beam 5, have better shape-retaining ability；More
For importantly, setting by supporting beam 5 so that the top surface of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 is connect with end face solid,
The top of car body is formed close to dome-type cap structure, is more in line with hydrodynamics, is reduced in vehicle operation
The impact force that one head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 are subject to can not only protect the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, also reduce
Influence to speed.
To realize the connection of 5 and first head cover 1 of supporting beam or the second head cover 2, girder 51 can set longitudinally spaced distributions
Several connecting holes 53, end carriage 52 can also set several connecting holes 53 being from top to bottom spaced apart, and it is suitable to select
Girder 51 is fixed in the top surface of first head cover 1 by connector, and end carriage 52 is fixed in end face；Suitable connector can equally be selected
Girder 51 is fixed in the top surface of second head cover 2, end carriage 52 is fixed in end face.The connecting hole 53 and connector cooperate,
It is specifically as follows the forms such as pin hole and positioning pin, screw hole and screw.When connecting hole 53 and connector use dismountable connection side
During formula, it can be replaced when the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 damage, use is more convenient.
The horizontal spacing of each girder 51 can be configured as needed, can equidistantly or Unequal distance setting；Moreover,
Direction from outside to inside, the size of supporting beam 5 can not wait, specifically can according to the profile of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 into
The corresponding setting of row；When each supporting beam 5 is when differing in size, the spacing of the connecting hole 53 can be arranged as required to, so as to
Ensure to improve assembling convenience while connection reliability.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, on direction from outside to inside, the length of each end carriage 52 can be incremented by,
The top of each end carriage 52 can be generally on same camber line, so that being formed after the first head cover 1 and the docking of the second head cover 2 upward
The arc head cover to arch upward.
In addition, each supporting beam 5 can be articulated with car body with respective end carriage 52, the headwall of car body can be articulated with, specifically
It can be hinged with the bottom end of end carriage 52 with car body；When the first arm 41 and the second 42 inside and outside swing of arm, can drive inside and outside end carriage 52
It swings, and then drives entire supporting beam 5 is inside and outside to swing, the first head cover 1 and the second head cover are realized by the inside and outside swing of supporting beam 5
2 expansion and folding.
When the first arm 41 and the second 42 opposite swing outward of arm, the first arm 41 is rocked in innermost supporting beam 5
When, apply outside pressure force to the supporting beam 5, and then push in innermost supporting beam 5 as the first arm 41 is put outward
It is dynamic, so each supporting beam 5 for being used to support the first head cover 1 is pushed to swing successively successively, final overlapping is extremely in outermost branch
It supports on beam 5, and passes through the outer support of car body, as shown in Figure 3；Similarly, it when the second arm 42 is swung out, folds successively from inside to outside
Pressure is used to support each supporting beam 5 of the second head cover 2, is finally stacked and placed on the outer of car body opposite side.
When the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are inward against swinging, each supporting beam 5 is driven inwardly to rotate successively, most at last the
One head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 are unfolded, and the interior edge of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 is connected to each other, real so as to which car body top lid be closed
The closing of existing head cover, as shown in Figure 2.
To improve the swing consistency of each supporting beam 5, it is used to support each end carriage 52 of the first head cover 1 and the hinge joint of car body
It may be on same straight line, the hinge joint of each end carriage 52 and car body for being used to support the second head cover 2 can also be in same
On straight line, as shown in Figure 3.So, by rationally setting the spacing between adjacent end carriage 52, in the first arm 41 and the second arm 42
Outward during opposite swing, each supporting beam 5 can be caused to laminate successively, adjacent 52 forming face of end carriage contact, so as to effective
Pressing, is substantially absent from bonding gap, as shown in Figure 3；On the one hand, it since each supporting beam 5 closely presses, reduces head cover and opens
Mechanism the space occupied is closed, and then increases opening；On the other hand, each supporting beam 5 closely presses, can be by car body to supporting beam
5 carry out secure support, and individual support beam 5 is avoided to rotate not in place and suspend, to ensure the reliability of head cover keying.
The hinge joint of first arm 41 and the second arm 42 and car body can also be configured so that the first arm 41 is swung out
When, can be used to support the first head cover 15 forming face of each supporting beam press, when the second arm 42 is swung out, can with for
5 forming face of each supporting beam of the first head cover 1 is supported to press, as shown in Figure 3.At this point, can not only improve keying reliability, may be used also
To carry out effectively supporting positioning to the first arm 41 or the second arm 42 by supporting beam 5, stable state is formed when head cover is opened.
It is connected and sealed furthermore, it is possible to dock formed commissure in the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, specifically may be used
To be connected and sealed using mazy sealing element, to form sealing when head cover is closed so that head cover has when closing
The sealing performances such as sand prevention, dust-proof, rain-proof carry out effective protection to cargo.
Mazy sealing element is specifically as follows the sealing strip with maze-type structure, and rubber may be used in sealing strip
Etc. being made, alternatively, can also be to be capable of the structure types such as the sealing steel bar of snapping.
In the present embodiment, the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 can specifically dock left and right in the horizontal, at this point, sealing element has
Body can extend in the longitudinal direction, can be specifically configured according to commissural extending direction.
Furthermore when longitudinal both ends of the first head cover 1 are respectively provided with the first arm 41, the first tie-beam can also be set, it will
First arm 41 at both ends is attached, the first tie-beam can substantially extend in the longitudinal direction, can be with the girder of analogy supporting beam 5
51 are configured；Similarly, when longitudinal both ends of the second head cover 2 are equipped with the second arm 42, can also set the second tie-beam with
Connect second arm 42 at both ends.When equipped with the first tie-beam and during the second tie-beam, the first tie-beam and the second tie-beam can be with
Installation foundation as sealing element.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, in second of specific embodiment, the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 may be used same
A driving device 3, at this point, driving device 3 can include the link mechanism 34 hinged with drive shaft 31, which can wrap
Include the first connecting rod 341 hinged with the first arm 41 and with the second arm 42 is hinged second connect, under the driving of driving device 3,
It is moved inside and outside drive shaft 31 or flexible, link mechanism 34 to be driven to rotate, and then passes through first connecting rod 341 and second connecting rod 342
The first arm 41 of synchronous driving and the second arm 42 rotate, so that the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are relatively or contrarily swung, realize top
The keying of lid.
The link mechanism 34 can also include two connecting rods being hinged, drive shaft 31 can substantially in the horizontal by
Outer and interior extension, one of connecting rod can be articulated with the inner end of drive shaft 31, and extend downwardly and in another connecting rod
Portion is hinged, another connecting rod roughly triangular can be set, both ends form two connecting pins, at this point, drive shaft 31 and this
Two connecting rods form a three-link mechanism 34.The both ends of another connecting rod can respectively with first connecting rod 341 and second connecting rod
342 is hinged, then transfers a driving force to the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 by first connecting rod 341 and second connecting rod 342, such as schemes
Shown in 4 and Fig. 5, the first arm 41 of synchronous driving and the second arm 42 are swung.
It is appreciated that the link mechanism 34 for being used to implement driving force transmission is not limited to above-mentioned form, those skilled in the art
May be used other structures form realize it is synchronous with the second arm 42 to the first arm 41 drive, only with one of which in the present embodiment
It is illustrated for form.
It is further appreciated that the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 can be only that driving device 3 is right by link mechanism 34
First arm 41 and the second arm 42 synchronize driving, and other structures are referred to embodiment 1 and are configured, no longer superfluous herein
It states.
On the basis of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, invention further provides a kind of railway freight-cars, are specifically as follows
Below in conjunction with Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the head cover mechanism for opening/closing of the present invention is carried out in detail for the concrete form of railway freight-car for hopper wagon
Explanation.
The head cover mechanism for opening/closing of the present invention can be used for railway freight-car, and as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, railway freight-car is using above-mentioned
During head cover mechanism for opening/closing, the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2 extend in the longitudinal direction, see in the lateral direction, the top of car body is formed
Several folding lines being longitudinally extended, form foldable cap structure.
It in a kind of application mode, is used to support in each supporting beam 5 of the first head cover 1 and the second head cover 2, girder 51 can be with
Substantially extend in the longitudinal direction, to form linear structure, as shown in Figure 6；In another application mode, each girder 51 can be big
Domed setting is caused, i.e., each girder 51 is set as the arch to arch upward upwards from both ends to centre in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Figure 7.When
It when being set as arch, can effectively enhance the vertical stiffness of head cover, avoid the middle part sagging deflections of head cover.
Moreover, the curvature of each girder 51 can be incremented by from outside to inside, i.e., on direction from outside to inside, each girder 51 is upward
The radian to arch upward can be cumulative.On the one hand, it can preferably be matched with the exterior contour of car body；On the other hand, due to head cover
Outer be connected with car body, for relative inner have better rigidity, therefore the outside of head cover deformation it is smaller, therefore may be used compared with
The arch of small radian, and the amount of deflection of the inside of head cover is larger, therefore the arch of larger radian can be selected, and then on the whole effectively
Reduce the vertical amount of deflection of head cover.
In addition, in view of the type of railway freight-car is more, the component that different kinds of railways lorry includes is more, the structure of each component
It is complex, only its head cover mechanism for opening/closing and associated components are illustrated herein, part does not please refer to existing skill to the greatest extent for other
Art, details are not described herein again.
Railway freight-car provided by the present invention and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing are described in detail above.It is used herein
Specific case is expounded the principle of the present invention and embodiment, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand this
The core concept of invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, the principle of the invention is not being departed from
Under the premise of, can also to the present invention some improvement and modification can also be carried out, these improvement and modification also fall into the claims in the present invention
In protection domain.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of head cover mechanism for opening/closing of railway freight-car, the head cover of railway freight-car includes the first head cover (1) and the second head cover (2),
The head cover mechanism for opening/closing includes driving device (3) and actuating arm connected to it (4), and the actuating arm (4) includes the first arm
(41) and the second arm (42), which is characterized in that first head cover (1) and second head cover (2) are foldable member, the two
Outer be connected with car body, the interior edge of one of which is connect with first arm (41), the interior edge of another one and second arm
(42) it connects, first arm (41) and second arm (42) are hinged with car body；The driving device (3) driving described the
One arm (41) and second arm (42) are relatively or contrarily swung, to drive first head cover (1) and second head cover (2)
Inwardly it is unfolded and docks closing or outward folding and detach unlatching；
First arm (41) is hinged by the first articulated shaft (411) with car body, and to be in first articulated shaft (411) one
The side of side is connect with the driving device (3), and the side of opposite side is connect with first head cover (1)；
And/or second arm (42) is hinged by the second articulated shaft (421) with car body, and to be in second articulated shaft
(421) side of side is connect with the driving device (3), and the side of opposite side is connect with second head cover (2).
2. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the driving device (3) has prolongs from inside to outside
The drive shaft (31) stretched, the drive shaft (31) and first arm (41) and second arm (42) are hinged；The driving dress
Putting (3) drives the drive shaft (31) flexible or inside and outside movement, to drive first arm (41) and second arm (42) interior
Outer swing.
3. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the drive shaft (31) including with first arm
(41) hinged first axle (311) and second axis (312) hinged with second arm (42), the driving device (3) include
The second actuator for the first actuator (32) for driving the first axle (311) and for driving second axis (312)
(33)。
4. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the driving device (3) further includes and the drive
The hinged link mechanism (34) of moving axis (31), the link mechanism (34) include the first connecting rod hinged with first arm (41)
(341) the hinged second connecting rod (342) and with second arm (42), the drive shaft (31) drive the link mechanism (34)
Rotation drives first arm (41) and second arm (42) with synchronous.
5. such as claim 1-4 any one of them head cover mechanism for opening/closing, which is characterized in that further include and be used to support described first
Several supporting beams (5) of head cover (1) and second head cover (2), each supporting beam (5) lateral separation arrangement；The support
Beam (5) includes the girder (51) being longitudinally extended and the end carriage (52) extended downwardly by the both ends of the girder (51), the master
Beam (51) is used to support the top surface of first head cover (1) or second head cover (2), and the end carriage (52) is used to support described
The end face of first head cover (1) or second head cover (2).
6. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the bottom end of the end carriage (52) is hinged with car body,
First arm (41) and second arm (42) can drive the end carriage (52) is inside and outside to swing.
7. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that be used to support each institute of first head cover (1)
It states end carriage (52) and the hinge joint of car body is on the same line；And/or it is used to support each institute of second head cover (2)
It states end carriage (52) and the hinge joint of car body is on the same line.
8. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that between the girder (51) and the end carriage (52) are equal
Every several connecting holes (53) with connector cooperation are distributed with, will pass through the first head cover (1) or described second described in connector
Head cover (2) connects.
9. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the girder (51) is in upward by both ends to centre
The arch to arch upward.
10. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that on direction from outside to inside, each girder
(51) radian to arch upward is cumulative.
11. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that first head cover (1) and second head cover
(2) commissure is tightly connected using mazy sealing element.
12. head cover mechanism for opening/closing as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that first head cover (1) and second top
It is tarpaulin to cover (2).
13. a kind of railway freight-car, which is characterized in that including the claims 1-12 any one of them head cover mechanism for opening/closing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511017123.7A CN105416326B (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | A kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511017123.7A CN105416326B (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | A kind of railway freight-car and its head cover mechanism for opening/closing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105416326A CN105416326A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| CN105416326B true CN105416326B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107719221A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-23 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Railway carriage cap structure and there is its vehicle |
| CN108482399B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-04-03 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Truck and top cover thereof |
| CN109318920B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-12-01 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Movable top cover of railway wagon and railway wagon |
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| CN105416326A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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