CN105414534A - Steel-copper bimetal casting processing technology - Google Patents

Abstract

A steel-copper bimetal casting processing technology comprises the steps of billet processing, copper ring processing, mould forming and demoulding; in a bimetal casting process provided by the invention, soda boiling, acid pickling, borax dilution processing, roasting, borax saturated solution spraying, heat preservation, and cooling processing are performed on the billet, and the defects between bimetal bonding surfaces can be greatly improved; special processing are performed on a heat preservation cooling process of mould forming of casting mould, sand cores are added, preheating and roasting are performed on a trunk cover, special requirements on cooling are needed, different cooling methods are adopted for billets with different hardnesses in a box, and the billets after demoulding are enabled to meet mechanical performance requirements; according to the steel-copper bimetal casting processing technology provided by the invention, the original copper alloy casting process is changed to the situation that the copper ring is melted, and then combines with billet, and a smelting and coasting technology is simplified, simple molding is performed, then the requirement of casting fusion of dual alloy can be achieved, melting equipment and production workshop venues are saved, and meanwhile labor cost is saved.

Description

Steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology, particularly relate to the compound casting processing technology of a kind of heat resisting steel and brass, belong to metal casting processing technique field.

Background technology

On Surface Alloying During Casting technology starts from the beginning of this century, just conduct extensive research in the sixties in 20th century, achieve considerable progress the seventies. take a broad view of the evolution of surface-alloying process, two stages can be divided into: the surface-alloying process before the seventies is that the constituent element melting under the effect of high-temperature liquid metal M being based upon alloying coating C is dissolved and spread to M side by M/C interface under concentration gradient and hot-fluid effect.When after casting solidification, obtain surface alloying layer in field of interfaces.Be not difficult to find out that the key link of this model is that alloying element is spread in M by M/C interface.This mass transfer form is subject to the impact of the factors such as molten metal temperature, thermal capacity, thermo parameters method, metal flow mode and interface physicochemical characteristic, is more difficult to get the stable uniform alloy layer having certain depth in the cast condition.The eighties, K.G.Davis and people such as crossing loyal four youths in limit put forward alternate model in succession.Its basic ideas allow molten metal penetrate in alloy coat by hole, surrounds alloying pellet, by a series of high temperature materialization metallurgical reaction in the presence of solvent, forms alloying layer in the position at former coating place.The key of this model is that molten metal is to the infiltration in alloy coat.Just the alloying layer with certain depth is obtained after permeable formation solidifies.This new craft liquor is the wear-resistant cast steel mainly infiltrating element in producing with chromium, boron, tungsten, and the heat-resisting alloy layer of antifriction cast iron and piece surface achieves good effect.Since the eighties, although domestic material supplier author conducts extensive research castingin technology, the wearing piece developed by this technology such as kolleroang blade, tup, Hubei Province plate, guide and guard, crucible brickmaking machine grinding tool etc. all obtain good result of use, and its service life all improves a lot than original product.But still there are the following problems for this technology at present: the gas, slag etc. that produce in (1) casting process can not be discharged in time, form pore, slag inclusion, the more difficult control of alloy layer in alloying layer.(2) casting effect is comparatively responsive to the change of technological parameter, must possess good appointed condition and strict process conditions could obtain the reliable foundry goods of steady quality in batch production.

Copper alloy pouring technology success or failure key is the interface fusion quality of two kinds of metals and the height of bond strength.But, in copper alloy cast actual production process, still there is many problems, such as interface slag inclusion, pore, incomplete fusion, calmodulin binding domain CaM intensity difference etc.For castingin, Major Difficulties comprises as follows:

(1) bi-material that differs greatly of character is poor in the wettability of interface, and cause in conjunction with bad, composite quality is poor, and after machined, faying face lining material is that bulk drops, and directly exposes matrix aspect.

(2) casting flaws such as faying face easily occurs slag inclusion, pore, scrappage reaches more than 90%.

Summary of the invention

To be solved by this invention: the gas produced in copper alloy casting process, slag etc. can not be discharged in time, pore, slag inclusion is formed in alloying layer, the more difficult control of alloy layer and steel copper poor in the wettability of interface, cause in conjunction with bad, composite quality is poor, after machined, faying face lining material is that bulk drops, and directly exposes the technical problem of matrix aspect.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:

Steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology, comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed temperature to be greater than in the soda boiling liquid of 90 DEG C to boil after 5 minutes ~ 10 minutes and to take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 60 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 250 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 60 minutes ± 10 minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness of borax saturated solution layer should control at 0.7mm ~ 1.0mm, and point 2 ~ 4 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, and should be placed on temperature is that the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding of 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C is greater than 1 hour ability and takes out; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 5 ~ 10 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls ° C in room temperature ~ 60, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 15 minutes-20 minutes, is finally placed in ° C drying baker of 150 ° of C ~ 200 toasts core, housing-case 4 hours ~ 6 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature should be less than 300 ° of C; Be warmed up to 640 ° of C ± 10 ° C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 1.5 hours ~ 4.5 hours, during casting mold preheating, and high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1040 ° C ± 10 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, during ° C, be incubated cooling of can coming out of the stove in 1 hour ~ 1 hour 15 minutes to 1040 ° of C ± 10 until temperature recovery;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 3 minutes ~ 5 minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

Acid solution in described copper band treatment step is:

Choose sulfuric acid 98%40mL/L, release enhancers 80g/L, temperature ensures ° C in room temperature ~ 60; During solution preparation, first add the water of 1/3 volume, slowly add sulfuric acid under stirring, then add release enhancers, stirring and dissolving, supplementary water level can use; When liquid parting uses a period of time solution turned cloudy, should sulfuric acid be added, as inoperative in turbid phenomenon acid adding, then answer removable parts solution; Release promoter should be added when reaction speed slows down.

Adopt the beneficial effect of technique scheme:

(1) the present invention is in the process of compound casting, to a series of specially treated such as soda boiling, pickling, borax dilution process, baking, spraying borax saturated solution, insulation, cooling that steel billet carries out, substantially improves the defect between bimetallic faying face.

(2) the group type insulation process for cooling of the present invention to casting mold carries out specially treated, increase the prewarming baking of core, housing-case, after mould assembling, the pre-heat treatment that 640 ° of C are incubated 1.5 ~ 4.5h is carried out to block mold, to group type 1040 ° of C insulations isothermal holding of 1 ~ 1h15 minute after group type completes, cooling also has particular/special requirement, for the steel billet that cartonning hardness is different, take the different types of cooling respectively, ensure that the later steel billet of removing from mould meets the requirement of mechanical property.

(3) original copper alloy pouring technology is changed into the combination with steel billet after copper band melting by the present invention, simplify melting and casting technique, carry out the requirement that simple moulding can reach two Alloys Casting fusion, saved smelting equipment and workshop place, also saved cost of labor simultaneously.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment one

Steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology, comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed in the soda boiling liquid of temperature 100 DEG C to boil after 7 minutes and take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 60 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 10 minutes minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 12 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 70 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 245 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 65 points minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness 0.8mm of borax saturated solution layer, point 4 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 180 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, should be placed on the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding taking-up in 1.2 hours that temperature is 180 DEG C; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 5 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls at 50 ° of C, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 15 points, is finally placed in 150 ° of C drying bakers toasts core, housing-case 6 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature 200 ° of C; Be warmed up to 630 ° of C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 2 hours, and during casting mold preheating, high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1030 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, when temperature recovery is to 1030 ° of C, is incubated cooling of can coming out of the stove for 1 hour;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 3 minutes minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

Acid solution in described copper band treatment step is:

Choose sulfuric acid 98%40mL/L, release enhancers 80g/L, temperature ensures 25 ° of C; During solution preparation, first add the water of 1/3 volume, slowly add sulfuric acid under stirring, then add release enhancers, stirring and dissolving, supplementary water level can use; When liquid parting uses a period of time solution turned cloudy, should sulfuric acid be added, as inoperative in turbid phenomenon acid adding, then answer removable parts solution; Release promoter should be added when reaction speed slows down.

Embodiment two

Steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology, comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed in the soda boiling liquid of temperature 110 DEG C to boil after 7 minutes and take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 70 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 14 minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 12 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 80 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 250 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 65 minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness 0.9mm of borax saturated solution layer, point 3 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 190 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, should be placed on the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding taking-up in 1.2 hours that temperature is 190 DEG C; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 8 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls at 60 ° of C, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 18 minutes, is finally placed in 180 ° of C drying bakers toasts core, housing-case 5 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature 280 ° of C; Be warmed up to 640 ° of C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 3 hours, and during casting mold preheating, high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1040 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, when temperature recovery is to 1040 ° of C, be incubated 1 hour minute and can come out of the stove cooling;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 4 minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

Acid solution in described copper band treatment step is:

Choose sulfuric acid 98%40mL/L, release enhancers 80g/L, temperature 28 ° of C; During solution preparation, first add the water of 1/3 volume, slowly add sulfuric acid under stirring, then add release enhancers, stirring and dissolving, supplementary water level can use; When liquid parting uses a period of time solution turned cloudy, should sulfuric acid be added, as inoperative in turbid phenomenon acid adding, then answer removable parts solution; Release promoter should be added when reaction speed slows down.

Embodiment three

Steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology, comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed in the soda boiling liquid of temperature 120 DEG C to boil after 10 minutes and take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 80 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 15 minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 15 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 78 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 260 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 70 minutes minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness 1.0mm of borax saturated solution layer, point 2 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 200 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, should be placed on the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding ability taking-up in 1.2 hours that temperature is 200 DEG C; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 10 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls at 35 ° of C, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 20 minutes, is finally placed in 150 ° of C drying bakers toasts core, housing-case 6 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature 270 ° of C; Be warmed up to 650 ° of C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 3 hours, and during casting mold preheating, high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1050 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, when temperature recovery is to 1050 ° of C, is incubated cooling of can coming out of the stove in 1 hour 15 minutes;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 5 minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

Acid solution in described copper band treatment step is:

Choose sulfuric acid 98%40mL/L, release enhancers 80g/L, temperature 50 ° of C; During solution preparation, first add the water of 1/3 volume, slowly add sulfuric acid under stirring, then add release enhancers, stirring and dissolving, supplementary water level can use; When liquid parting uses a period of time solution turned cloudy, should sulfuric acid be added, as inoperative in turbid phenomenon acid adding, then answer removable parts solution; Release promoter should be added when reaction speed slows down.

The invention process matrix is heat resisting steel, and steel billet is forging molding, and this steel grade has good comprehensive mechanical property, has been widely used in the important spare part such as engine blade, dish, axle of manufacture less than 600 degrees Celsius work in aircraft industry.

Key technology of the present invention directly merges after copper band melting with steel billet, and lining material is ZH62, and copper band is by casting or directly buy standard component, is machined to and requires size.

Claims (5)

1. steel copper bi-metal casting processing technology, it is characterized in that, this technique comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed temperature to be greater than in the soda boiling liquid of 90 DEG C to boil after 5 minutes ~ 10 minutes and to take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 60 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 250 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 60 minutes ± 10 minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness of borax saturated solution layer should control at 0.7mm ~ 1.0mm, and point 2 ~ 4 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, and should be placed on temperature is that the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding of 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C is greater than 1 hour ability and takes out; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 5 ~ 10 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls ° C in room temperature ~ 60, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 15 minutes-20 minutes, is finally placed in ° C drying baker of 150 ° of C ~ 200 toasts core, housing-case 4 hours ~ 6 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature should be less than 300 ° of C; Be warmed up to 640 ° of C ± 10 ° C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 1.5 hours ~ 4.5 hours, during casting mold preheating, and high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1040 ° C ± 10 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, during ° C, be incubated cooling of can coming out of the stove in 1 hour ~ 1 hour 15 minutes to 1040 ° of C ± 10 until temperature recovery;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 3 minutes ~ 5 minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

2. processing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the acid solution in described copper band treatment step is:

Choose sulfuric acid 98%40mL/L, release enhancers 80g/L, temperature ensures ° C in room temperature ~ 60; During solution preparation, first add the water of 1/3 volume, slowly add sulfuric acid under stirring, then add release enhancers, stirring and dissolving, supplementary water level can use; When liquid parting uses a period of time solution turned cloudy, should sulfuric acid be added, as inoperative in turbid phenomenon acid adding, then answer removable parts solution; Release promoter should be added when reaction speed slows down.

3. processing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this technique comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed in the soda boiling liquid of temperature 100 DEG C to boil after 7 minutes and take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 60 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 10 minutes minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 12 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 70 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 245 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 65 points minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness 0.8mm of borax saturated solution layer, point 4 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 180 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, should be placed on the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding taking-up in 1.2 hours that temperature is 180 DEG C; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 5 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls at 50 ° of C, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 15 points, is finally placed in 150 ° of C drying bakers toasts core, housing-case 6 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature 200 ° of C; Be warmed up to 630 ° of C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 2 hours, and during casting mold preheating, high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1030 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, when temperature recovery is to 1030 ° of C, is incubated cooling of can coming out of the stove for 1 hour;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 3 minutes minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

4. processing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this technique comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed in the soda boiling liquid of temperature 110 DEG C to boil after 7 minutes and take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 70 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 14 minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 12 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 80 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 250 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 65 minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness 0.9mm of borax saturated solution layer, point 3 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 190 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, should be placed on the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding taking-up in 1.2 hours that temperature is 190 DEG C; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 8 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls at 60 ° of C, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 18 minutes, is finally placed in 180 ° of C drying bakers toasts core, housing-case 5 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature 280 ° of C; Be warmed up to 640 ° of C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 3 hours, and during casting mold preheating, high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1040 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, when temperature recovery is to 1040 ° of C, be incubated 1 hour minute and can come out of the stove cooling;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 4 minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.

5. processing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this technique comprises the following steps: steel billet process-copper band process---group type-depanning;

Described steel billet treatment step is as follows:

(1) steel billet carries out the reinspection of hardness (HBd) value by inspection to steel billet before going into operation, the steel billet (impression diameter HBd is greater than 3.7mm) of lower hardness is distinguished with special marking on the maximum outer ring of steel billet, check the reinspection result of steel billet, steel billet is reviewed without special marking, enters subsequent processing;

(2) check steel billet whether clean, if when discovery steel billet face of weld having locally slight rust staining, application metallographic paper sand is by clean for rust staining polishing, and the steel billet corroding rust staining serious need not;

(3) steel billet be up to the standards is immersed in the soda boiling liquid of temperature 120 DEG C to boil after 10 minutes and take out;

(4) the hot water injection's soda boiling liquid of 80 DEG C of the steel billet after soda boiling, drips the globule to the greatest extent and immerses in pickle;

(5) steel billet soaks 15 minutes in pickle, with long, brush is scrubbed steel billet face of weld simultaneously, until all face of weld presents bright clean metallic luster, exists without any visual pollution and oxidation rust staining;

(6) by steel billet tap water acid solution qualified for pickling, immersing temperature after dripping the most globule is be incubated 15 minutes in the borax dilute solution of 78 DEG C, carries out being coated with the process of borax dilute solution;

(7) put on clean rubber gloves, steel billet painting being hung up properly borax dilute solution is separately placed in clean low-temperature resistance stove and toasts, and baking temperature is 260 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 70 minutes minutes;

(8) check the steel billet after baking and thermal insulation, whole face of weld must become clear bright and clean, without any dirt, borax dilute solution layer is evenly distributed, closely knit;

(9) spraying of borax saturated solution

The coating thickness 1.0mm of borax saturated solution layer, point 2 sprayings reach thickness requirement; When starting to spray, steel billet is placed on Special rotary trestle, under at the uniform velocity rotation status, with spray gun to face of weld spraying borax saturated solution, during sprayed layer undercoat, the blast of spray gun needs less, to ensure that sprayed coating is evenly closely knit, be unlikely to produce blister convex, in spraying process, accurately should control angle of gun, compressed-air actuated pressure, steel billet rotary speed and the distance between spray gun and steel billet, to ensure coating uniform on whole face of weld, closely knit; In spraying process, the temperature of borax saturated solution should control, 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C scopes, to make borax saturated solution be in dissolved state completely; If there is more borax crystal to separate out in discovery saturated solution, then should reheat, spraying could be continued after the borax crystal of saturated solution dissolves completely; Changing or reheat the interval time of borax saturated solution, steel billet should be left in the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding that temperature is 200 DEG C temporarily, take out again during spraying, till coating thickness reaches requirement; Borax saturated solution coating layer thickness meets the requirements of steel billet, should be placed on the low-temperature resistance stove inside holding ability taking-up in 1.2 hours that temperature is 200 DEG C; Can for group type after steel billet air cooling to room temperature; Can not carry out the steel billet of group type immediately, should leave on clean special frame, must cover simultaneously with the brown paper of cleaning, depositing most long period is 5 days;

Described copper band treatment step is as follows:

(1) copper sheathing raw material are formed by sand casting or commercial copper rod, require that chemical composition must meet standard-required, main component Cu=60.0 ~ 63.5%, surplus Zn, impurity content total amount is not more than 1.5%, wherein Fe≤1.0%, Sb≤0.01%, Pb≤0.01%, Bi≤0.002%, P≤0.01%; Require that raw material surface quality requirements is fine and close, do not allow to there is shrinkage cavity and porosity, dreg defect, this type of defect easily causes face of weld slag inclusion in compound casting process, gas hole defect, affects bimetallic fusion quality;

(2) copper band machined, first by copper rod blanking, then goes up lathe planar end surface turning, car endoporus gradient 1 °, and reverse planar end surface ensures length dimension, and whole part smoothness requirements is not more than 3.2;

(3) surface treatment of copper band, copper band is after machined, there are greasy dirt and oxide skin in surface, before casting, need to deoil abatement processes to copper band: first by copper band caustic dip, then with hot water by clean for the caustic dip on surface, again with the acid soak that has been equipped with 10 minutes, time too short part lack of homogeneity, particularly during surface oxidation skin depth, more should extend the demoulding time, time long good brightness, but longly easily there is matrix excessive erosion phenomenon, dissolving is played in acid, the effect of stripping metal copper surface oxidation, with remover with the use of, light can be played, smooth effect, acidity is low, affects reaction speed, and solution is easily muddy, but acidity is too high is deteriorated on the contrary for dissolved oxygen bark effect,

(4) copper band cleaning, by the tap water acid solution of the part after pickling;

(5) part drying process, part is sent into holding furnace and makes drying and processing, temperature controls at 35 ° of C, till piece surface drying, by packed good for subsequent use for the part ox-hide processed, prevents from being again oxidized;

Described group of type treatment step is as follows:

(1) ramming of fusion casting type core, housing-case and baking

After core, housing-case ramming are good, first brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution in its profile, the water-soluble amorphous graphite powder coating of brushing one deck again after 20 minutes, is finally placed in 150 ° of C drying bakers toasts core, housing-case 6 hours;

(2) group type method: by the graphite salient point on core, housing-case, after sand grains scraper is erased, blows down floating sand and dust with compressed air; The Borax coating that cleaning steel billet upper and lower end face is unnecessary; Then ready copper band is loaded steel billet inner circle, during loading, the borax of steel billet inner chamber can not be damaged or dropped, must ensure that the Borax coating on face of weld is complete and even, then core is put into, the gap location brushing treated bentonites water slurry of base plate after combining and steel billet and steel billet and upper nowel, then uses caulking joint back-up sand filling compacting; At back-up sand outer surface brushing one deck sodium silicate aqueous solution of compacting, prepare preheating with after the floating sand in compressed air blowing fusion casting type and dust;

(3) preheating: casting mold is filled warm electric furnace preheating in pallet feeding, charging temperature 270 ° of C; Be warmed up to 650 ° of C with stove, the casting mold preheating insulation time is 3 hours, and during casting mold preheating, high temperature furnace should simultaneously feeding temperature-raising to 1050 ° C heat preservation for standby use;

(4) be incubated: the fusion casting type that group type completes should load high temperature furnace as early as possible, when temperature recovery is to 1050 ° of C, is incubated cooling of can coming out of the stove in 1 hour 15 minutes;

(5) cool: when hardness number HBd=3.4mm ~ 3.7mm rechecked by fusion casting type steel billet, type of cooling air cooling---after namely coming out of the stove from high temperature furnace, be placed directly in hemisphere and be chilled to room temperature; When fusion casting type steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd is less than 3.4mm, the type of cooling must select air cooling;

When the steel billet reinspection hardness number HBd of fusion casting type is greater than 3.7mm, must be undertaken by following operation sequence: after the fusion casting type after soak is come out of the stove, cool 5 minutes in atmosphere, lift and use the air-cooled steel billet of compressed air equably to turntable; Water cooled bottom plate, stops air-cooled water-cooled when rising head is chilled to kermesinus, lifts and makes its air cooling get final product depanning to room temperature to bottom surface;

Described depanning step is as follows:

Pry open four reinforcing bars of casting mold, its each several part is taken apart, beat heat (batch) number at quarter in the position steel seal that foundry goods specifies.