CN101722298B - Vacuum sealed molding casting method production process for front bridge and rear bridge of automobile - Google Patents
Vacuum sealed molding casting method production process for front bridge and rear bridge of automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN101722298B CN101722298B CN200910224616A CN200910224616A CN101722298B CN 101722298 B CN101722298 B CN 101722298B CN 200910224616 A CN200910224616 A CN 200910224616A CN 200910224616 A CN200910224616 A CN 200910224616A CN 101722298 B CN101722298 B CN 101722298B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vacuum sealed molding casting method production process for a front bridge and a rear bridge of an automobile. The front bridge and the rear bridge of the automobile are characterized by being produced by the following steps that: (1) a model is provided with a longitudinal air hole by which the model is divided into an upper half body and a lower half body; (2) the upper half body of the model is flatly placed on an air exhaust box, a film is roasted to be soft and then covered on the surface layer of the model, and after air exhaust, the film is closely adhered to the model and a top plate; (3) the film, covered on the circumference of the gating and risering model, is jointed with an in gate in the half body of the model, the film on the model is sprayed with a coating, and then a sand box is covered, the sand box is filled with dry sand, a vibrating table is started to tamp the dry sand, the surface of the sand layer is scraped to be smooth, and an upper opening is covered by a sealing cover; (4) the dry sand is agglomerated and hardened by vacuum pumping, the air exhaust box stops air exhaust, but the sand box is continuously vacuumized, the sand box is lifted up, the upper half body models is taken out, the gating and risering model is drawn out, and the upper sand box is formed; (5) the lower half body of the model repeats the steps to form the lower sand box; and (6) the bottom surfaces, where the mould cavities of the half body models are formed, of the upper sand box and the lower sand box are closed, and the molten metal is poured in from the gating and risering, and after cooling, the blanks of the front bridge and the rear bridge of the automobile are produced. The products produced by the process are high in accuracy and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of a kind of automobile and flask device thereof.
Background technology
Automobile I-shaped front axle is the important safety part that automobile carries.At present the front axle product of domestic each manufacturer mainly is to adopt Forging Technology, and 45# or 50# or 30Cr (being to use 45# basically) forging are caused preceding axis blank, forms through heat treatment, metalworking.Its equipment investment is big, the mould cost of investment is high, and the speed of developing new product variety is slow, investment is bigger.Also have part front axle manufacturer to adopt axis blank before the precision-investment casting, its casting process is numerous and diverse, long flow path, labour intensity is big, the workman is difficult for grasping, the casting cost is high, and especially not environmental protection is polluted very serious.
Automobile axle is the important safety part that automobile carries.The material that at present domestic each manufacturer uses all is 35# or 45# carbon steel, takes two kinds of method productions, and a kind of is to form with steel plate shearing, punching press, welding, heat treatment and metalworking.This method cost is high, and welding is individual's manual operations, and difference is bigger, and quality is unstable.Another kind method is with common sand casting, because the defective that ordinary sand casting is died, for example surface pores, subcutaneous blowhole, internal porosity, burning into sand, slag inclusion; Appearance is coarse etc.; Can not get good solution always, so yield rate is not very high, poor quality's control.Therefore, the end product quality that how to improve the forward and backward bridge of automobile is a research object of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of a kind of automobile and flask device thereof.The forward and backward bridge of the automobile that adopts this technology to process not only precision is high, and equipment investment is few, is convenient to operation.
The forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of a kind of automobile of the present invention is characterized in that: by following process preparation.
(1) according to the blank shape and the sized model of the forward and backward bridge of automobile.On model, offer vertical passage, and be divided into upper and lower halved body;
(2) the model upper semi-body is lain against on the exhaust chamber; Said exhaust chamber is positioned on the shake table; The top board of said exhaust chamber is provided with passage; To have flexible film baking again and cover on the top layer of model after soft, exhaust chamber links to each other with vavuum pump, and film is close on the whole surface of model and top board.
(3) shroud cope outside top board and model upper semi-body, said sandbox upper shed is provided with seal cover, and the sandbox outer wall is provided with bleeding point; Be provided with the radially exhaust tube of pore that has that is beneficial to bleed in the described sandbox; On the film of the ingate position of model upper semi-body, cut an osculum, be fixed on the ingate of model upper semi-body dead head barred body model perimembranous wrap film and with Pressure sensitive adhesive tape, then spray paint on the film of above model; In sandbox, add dry sand; Vibration on Start-up platform compacting sandbox dry sand is wipeed the layer of sand surface then off, covers seal cover in the upper shed of sandbox.
(4) bleeding point through sandbox vacuumizes the dry sand caking sclerosis that makes in the sandbox, and exhaust chamber stops to bleed then, and sandbox will vacuumize incessantly, and the sandbox of slinging takes off the upper semi-body model, extracts the dead head plug, just constitutes cope.
(5), repeat above-mentioned steps and process drag box with the lower semi-body of model.
(6) bottom surface of making the halfbody mould form with upper and lower sandbox fastens relatively, toward dead head cast molten metal fluid, just processes the forward and backward bridge blank of automobile after the cooling then.
The forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method of a kind of automobile of the present invention flask device; It is characterized in that: comprise the exhaust chamber that is positioned at the bottom; Said exhaust chamber has on the top board of aspirating hole and is placed with forward and backward bridge model halfbody; The faying face of said model halfbody A and another halfbody B lies against on the top board, and said top board top is provided with closely topped in the film of model halfbody A upper surface, and said top board and film top are equipped with and cover on the peripheral sandbox of model halfbody.The film upper surface is sprayed with fast dry forming coating, fills up dry sand in the sandbox, and the sandbox upper shed is provided with seal cover, and outer wall is provided with bleeding point, and said seal cover is a film.
The topmost characteristic of the present invention is made sand mold with the vacuum sealed molding method exactly.Be characterized in: 1) because the moulding of vacuum sealed molding method makes the casting mold sclerosis through sandbox is vacuumized; Need not any binding agent; As long as remove the just automatic knockout of vacuum, operations such as cleaning are just simplified greatly, do not need the supply arrangement of puddle mixer and binding agent; The recovery utilization rate of sand has not only reduced labour intensity but also reduced cost more than 95%.2) because the surface of internal cavity of casting mold is covered with plastic sheeting, zircon flour coating is arranged on again, so smooth flawless the sheltering of mo(U)ld face is the dimensional accuracy of foundry goods height, clear-cut, any surface finish.3) because model surface has the covering thin film, so there not be the direct service life that contacts model with sand very long.4) simple, the processing ease of with short production cycle, technology does not need very masterful technique workman.5) because be dry moulding, during cast gas forming amount seldom, die cavity is poured into a mould under negative pressure again; Original gas is taken away in little of gas that produces during cast and the die cavity; The chance that gas gets into foundry goods significantly reduces, and foundry goods is difficult for producing pore, so the inherent quality of product is good.
The present invention has following advantage: 1) compare, not only can reduce equipment investment cost, mould cost of investment, labor cost widely with forging, and can shorten the production cycle widely, construction cycle of new varieties and reduce development cost.2) it is compared with precision-investment casting, can reduce a lot of production links, shortens the production time, reduces working strength of workers, reduce production costs particularly more environmental protection.3) it is compared with common sand casting, owing to be to adopt dry moulding, does not use any binding agent, and the recovery utilization rate of sand is high.Still because adopt the dry moulding that does not have binding agent, when high temperature is poured into a mould, the gas of generation seldom, so be that the inherent quality or the external quality of product is all better.4) owing to be vacuo-forming; Sand mold is in negative pressure state, and original gas is taken away under negative pressure state in little of gas that when cast, produces and the die cavity, significantly reduces so gas gets into the chance of foundry goods; The quality of natural products is all right, has higher flexural strength and anti-fatigue life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is capping film, spray paint sketch map
Fig. 2 is for putting the sandbox sketch map
Fig. 3 is for adding the sand molding sketch map
Fig. 4 is the molding sketch map
Fig. 5 is the mould assembling sketch map
Fig. 6 is the automobile axle sketch map
Fig. 7 is the automobile front axle sketch map
Among the figure, 1-model 2-passage 3-exhaust chamber 4-shake table 5-top board 6-film 7-cope 8-dead head 9-dry sand 10-drag box 11-coating 12-gauze 13-epiphragma 14-pumping chamber 15-sand mold die cavity 16-aspirating hole
The specific embodiment
With reference to figure 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of a kind of automobile of the present invention is characterized in that: by following process preparation.
(1) according to the blank shape and the sized model 1 of the forward and backward bridge of automobile.On model, offer vertical passage 2, and be divided into upper and lower halved body;
(2) upper semi-body with model lies against on the exhaust chamber 3; Said exhaust chamber is positioned on the shake table 4; The top board 5 of said exhaust chamber is provided with passage; To have 6 bakings of flexible film again and cover on the top layer of model after soft, exhaust chamber links to each other with vavuum pump, and film is close on the whole surface of model and top board.
(3) shroud cope 7 outside top board and model upper semi-body; Said sandbox upper shed is provided with seal cover; The sandbox outer wall is provided with bleeding point; Be provided with the radially exhaust tube of pore that has that is beneficial to bleed in the described sandbox, on the film of model upper semi-body ingate position, cut osculum, and on dead head 8 models wrap film and make it to be fixed on the ingate of model upper semi-body with Pressure sensitive adhesive tape.Add dry sand 9 in the sandbox, Vibration on Start-up platform compacting sandbox dry sand is wipeed the layer of sand surface then off, covers seal cover 13 in the upper shed of sandbox.
(4) bleeding point through sandbox vacuumizes the dry sand caking sclerosis that makes in the sandbox, and exhaust chamber 3 stops to bleed then, and sandbox will vacuumize incessantly, and the sandbox of slinging takes off the upper semi-body model, extracts the dead head model, just constitutes cope.
(5), repeat above-mentioned steps and process drag box 10 with the lower semi-body of model.
(6) bottom surface of making the halfbody mould form with upper and lower sandbox fastens relatively, toward dead head cast molten metal fluid, processes the forward and backward bridge blank of automobile after the cooling then.
Surface at step (3) film also is coated with quick drying paint 11, covers cope again, on the outer surface that has on the sandbox internal face of aspirating hole with exhaust tube, is respectively equipped with to be used to prevent that fine sand from getting into the gauze 12 of exhaust pipe.Behind the moulding by casting, carry out sand removal, the processing of cutting dead head, and foundry goods is carried out soldering, polishing, finishing, processing such as check, modified heat treatment, pressure testing, shaping correction and shot blasting on surface processing midway.
The mass fraction proportioning of quick drying paint: 320 purpose zirconium English powder 40～50%, bauxite 10～20%, polyvinyl butyral resin 3～3.5%, ethanol 35～45%.Dry sand uses 70/140 order flowability silica sand (quartz sand) preferably, and the sand grains concentration degree answers>=85%, the mass fraction of water≤0.5%.
The mass percent of molten metal fluid recipes is: carbon 0.37～0.44%, silicon 0.50～0.80%, manganese 1.10～1.40%, boron 0.0005～0.0035%, sulphur＜0.035%, phosphorus＜0.035%.Molten steel temperature is adjusted to 1560～1590 degree.
The forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method of a kind of automobile of the present invention flask device; It is characterized in that: comprise the exhaust chamber that is positioned at the bottom; Said exhaust chamber has on the top board of aspirating hole and is placed with forward and backward bridge model halfbody; The faying face of said model halfbody A and another halfbody B lies against on the top board, and said top board top is provided with closely topped in the film of model halfbody A upper surface, and said top board and film top are equipped with and cover on the peripheral sandbox of model halfbody.
The film upper surface is sprayed with fast dry forming coating, fills up dry sand in the sandbox, and the sandbox upper shed is provided with seal cover, and outer wall is provided with bleeding point, and said seal cover is a film.
The model halfbody is provided with vertical ventilation pore, is beneficial to make when exhaust chamber is bled film to fit tightly in model halfbody upper surface.Said exhaust chamber is installed on the shaketable that shakes.Be placed with in the said sandbox in order to the dead head moulding plug that forms the cast passage and be connected with the model halfbody.
Below be the detailed modeling process of vacuum sealed molding method:
1, model (is example with the wooden model)
Blank shape and the wooden model of sized according to the forward and backward bridge of automobile.
It is characterized in that on model, offering the passage of 0.2～2 millimeter of diameter, 20～50 millimeters of pitch-rows, the groove hole is opened closelyer at the turning, opens in hole, plane place and to dredge.Be placed on model on the template (top board), also have a large amount of passages on the template, be placed on template on the exhaust chamber, template also just constitutes the top board of exhaust chamber, and exhaust chamber is placed on again on the shake table.When vacuumizing, these holes help to make plastic sheeting to be close on the model.
2, film heating
Extensibility is big, that the plastic deformation rate is high plastic sheeting, eva film commonly used, thickness is between 0.05～0.2mm, uses the heater thermoplastic, heating-up temperature is at 80～120 degree.
3, film forming
Softening film is covered on the top layer of model, and exhaust chamber links to each other with vavuum pump, under the pull of vacuum of 300～500mmHg, makes film be close to model surface through passage.At the dark groove of model, when covering facial mask, can artificial briquetting with a wood chip or foamed plastics, facial mask is pressed to dark recess, can make 1～2 times of mold cavities shaped degree of depth increase like this.
4, coating
(1) preparation of coating:
The proportioning of coating (mass fraction): 320 purpose zirconium English powder 40～50%, bauxite 10～20%, polyvinyl butyral resin 3～3.5%, ethanol (industrial alcohol) 35～45%.
Preparation: the good ethanol of weighing is opened mixer to going into agitator, again load weighted zirconium English powder, bauxite and polyvinyl butyral resin successively to going into agitator, stir after 30 minutes, parked 12 hours, stir again and just can use.Attention: in parking period, will seal in order to avoid the ethanol volatilization.
(2) stenciling coating:
On the pellicular front of the model that is coated with film, spray coating or use the hairbrush paint with the air pressure spray gun, 1～3 time repeatedly, coating layer thickness is 1～2.5mm.
(3) drying:
After room temperature ventilation condition place deposits 10 minutes, dry up with portable air-heater, hot blast temperature is 40～60 degree.
5, preparation drag box
(1) structure of sandbox: the structure of this sandbox is different with the structure of normal sands casting sand case; Divide inside and outside two-layered steel plates; Interlayer is a hollow-core construction, and internal layer links with the even branch of six roots of sensation hollow pipe again, and being drilled with diameter on internal layer and the hollow pipe is the passage of 4cm for the 6mm spacing.Surperficial at inner plating and hollow pipe with 150～200 purpose screen clothes covering and fixing.Having 4 eyelet weldings on the outer field steel plate has steel pipe, links with flexible pipe and vavuum pump.
(2) dry sand: use 70/140 order flowability silica sand (quartz sand) preferably, the sand grains concentration degree answers>=85%, the mass fraction of water≤0.5%.
(3) be placed on sandbox on the template that above 1,2,3,4 steps prepare, add in sandbox that dried silica sand is little to shake, make the sand consolidation to higher density.
(4) wipe the layer of sand surface off, cover the plastics epiphragma, epiphragma, sandbox and facial mask have just formed a sealed environment so, vacuumize then, under atmospheric effect, make the sand mold sclerosis.
(5) negative pressure in the exhaust chamber of releasing model below makes it and atmosphere, and the sandbox of slinging falls model, and sandbox is turned, and drag box has just been processed so.Sandbox will be in vacuum (negative pressure) state all the time, otherwise sandbox has just caved in.
6, preparation cope
(1) make dead head: carry out the model of dead head according to the requirement of foundry goods, the parcel plastic sheeting is fastened with adhesive tape again on the model of dead head.
(2) preparation method identical with above 1,2,3 step (mould shape is different, is second half), the ingate for preparing dead head model and 1,2,3 steps on the model connects, and the film on the ingate position will cut an osculum, is fastened with adhesive tape again.
(3) follow and the above identical way of 4,5 steps, but sandbox is not turned, cope has also just been processed so.
7, mould assembling
Before the mould assembling according to the needs of technology under core and chill.In drag box, core will be descended in the two ends of I-shaped front axle, and core will be descended in the centre of back axle; The bottom surface of making the halfbody mould form with upper and lower sandbox is involutory again; The location just forms a casting mold that dead head and die cavity are arranged, and under vacuum state, just can pour into a mould.
Can find out from above-mentioned formative technology process, on one side moulding pour into a mould on one side, the utilization rate in workshop is just very high like this.
Further improvement of the present invention also is: during steel-making, castings material adopts ZG40MnSiB low-alloy steel to replace 45# carbon steel in the past, and the quality percentage composition of material chemical composition is: carbon 0.37～0.44%; Silicon 0.50～0.80%; Manganese 1.10～1.40%, boron 0.0005～0.0035%, sulphur＜0.035%; Phosphorus＜0.035% can obviously improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of foundry goods after modified heat treatment.
Two, the detailed process of melting is following:
Smelting equipment: select intermediate frequency controllable silicon electric induction furnace for use.
The preparation of crucible
(1) selection of refractory material: crucible will receive the impact of solid charge, the washing away of liquid metals, and the erosion of slag, and the influence of bearing temperature rapid heat cycle, working environment is very abominable, so will select suitable refractory material.Can use quartz sand or magnesia, our usefulness is quartz sand at present.Strict to quartz sand: silica >=98%, calcium oxide＜0.5%, iron oxide＜0.5%, water content＜0.5%.Refractoriness >=1700 degree.
(2) proportioning of crucible materials: quartz sand 10/20 purpose 30%, 50/80 purpose 50%, 270 purpose powder 20%, boric acid 1.5～2.0% is adding an amount of water, and it is for use to stir.
(3) tamping of crucible: before the tamped liner material, the total height of pressing the internal diameter and the furnace lining of induction coil earlier is the electrolysis asbestos cloth of 1.5～2.5mm at induction coil inwall layer overlay thickness, and tightens up asbestos cloth with turn and iron wire; Add the refractory material for preparing then, every crowd of adding 20～30mm is thick, tamping successively; When furnace bottom thickness is smash a little higher than first circle induction coil, the original mold of crucible is put into induction coil, centering; Concentric with induction coil, and in crucible, place iron block, fix original mold; With the tamping of making fork layering carrying out sidewall of crucible firm by ramming, finish then, the crucible original mold is taken out until tamping.
(4) sintering of crucible: at first must carry out air dry; The steel scrap of in stove, handling with care into piece then is up to fire door, and energising is toasted again, and speed wants slow when switching at the beginning; The electric weight that send is little; In order to avoid the furnace lining cracking toasts about four hours cheating of Ke Kai iron, it is above to guarantee the sintering thickness of furnace lining to drive 5 stoves for the first time continuously.
2, smelting operation step
(1) with filling clean steel scrap in the crucible, presses down medium frequency equipment play button energized, regulate the electric weight of 50% power; Send electricity about ten minutes; Send electricity with regard to full power when treating that kermesinus appears in steel scrap, when steel scrap begins to melt, ceaselessly disclose material with drill rod; Make it timely sinking, prevent that " bridging " phenomenon from taking place.Simultaneously also to replenish steel scrap, when molten steel fuses 75% left and right sides of crucible capacity, skim, and get the on-the-spot sample analysis sample and chemically examine.
(2) when this of laboratory chemical examination is disconnected, in stove, add the dead head identical or add and require the identical furnace charge of chemical composition with foundry goods with requiring material, soon completely during stove, skim pre-deoxidation to molten steel.
(3) pre-deoxidation method is: add molten steel mass fraction 0.1～0.5% ferromanganese (manganese content 75%) earlier, add molten steel mass fraction 0.05～0.2% ferrosilicon (silicon content 75%) again.
(4) adjust chemical composition according to result of laboratory test, when carrying out burdening calculation, will count the scaling loss situation of various elements, the empirical data of medium-frequency induction furnace burn out rate is: carbon 5～10%; Silicon 0～10%; Manganese 30～50%, chromium 5～10%, aluminium 30～50%.Be raised to molten steel temperature about 1590 degree then, the fine aluminium that adds molten steel mass fraction 0.03～0.1% again carries out final deoxidizing.
(5) power failure was left standstill 3～5 minutes, utilized and scratched clean slag with deslagging agent during this period of time.
(6) in casting ladle, put into the fine aluminium of casting ladle molten steel mass fraction about 0.05%, pour molten steel again, inject the molten steel in the casting ladle die cavity of sand mo(u)ld then.The method of watering is: earlier slow, in fast, the back is slow, but can not be too slow, in order to avoid sandbox caves in.
(7) fallen two Bao Shuihou sample examination once more, claimed to chemically examine behind the stove, what result of laboratory test was qualified just files data, if defective, this stove molten iron melting adjustment chemical composition cast again till qualified again so.
Three, the knockout of foundry goods, cutting and finishing:
(1) when the temperature of foundry goods is as cold as the 700 degree left and right sides, removes vacuum and sling the just automatic knockout of sandbox.
(2) utilize oxygen---acetylene torch rifle cutting ingate, surplus≤5mm of cutting ingate.And ingate is polished with abrasive machine.
(3) there is the position of little defective to carry out soldering to foundry goods, and polishes, require through welding, only the weldering surface with abrasive machine with electric welding machine.
Four, modified heat treatment:
(1) firing equipment is a well formula resistance furnace, and heat transfer medium is an air, and cooling medium is the clear water that temperature is lower than 40 degree.
(2) quench, foundry goods is put into well formula resistance furnace is heated to 850～870 degree, be incubated 150 minutes, descended water-cooled at once but 65～85 seconds, carry out high tempering at once again, temperature is 590～620 degree, is incubated 160 minutes, descends water-cooled at once but 30～45 seconds.Foundry goods will ceaselessly rock in water and just can reach fast cold purpose, and the metallographic structure after the quenching is: quenched martensite.The metallographic structure that high tempering obtains is: tempered sorbite.
(3) high tempering is described, the positive benefit temper brittleness of the temperature of high tempering district (450～650 degree), in order to address this problem the two kinds of methods of taking, cool off with cold water fast one of which, tempering insulation back.Two, element P, Sn, Sb, As, B, S etc. are the harmful elements that causes fragility, when buying steel scrap, will choose the low steel scrap of these constituent contents, when melting, also will manage to remove a part.
Five, pressure testing and correction:
(1) with the hydraulic press more than 150 tons I-shaped front axle is carried out pressure testing, with the reliability of improving the quality of products.
(2) with hydraulic press foundry goods is carried out shaping and proofread and correct,,, leave the moment resilience and the slow space of resilience so when hydraulic pressure, will press more excessively because steel-casting has the characteristic of resilience.
Six, shot blasting on surface is handled:
For improving bending, the fatigue life of foundry goods, increase bearing stress, foundry goods is carried out strengthened shot peening handle.Use diameter be the shot of 1.0～1.5mm to foundry goods bead 25 minutes, cover 100%.
Seven, metalworking is handled:
1, automobile I-shaped front axle metalworking step:
(1) rough mills the leaf spring face.
(2) finish-milling leaf spring face.
(3) rough mill the stub face.
(4) bore kingpin bore.
(5) bore shock relieve vent → ream shock relieve vent both ends of the surface → hinge shock relieve vent.
(6) bore leaf spring hole → spot-facing plane → brill countersunk head.
(7) bore lateral pin hole → brill countersunk head.
(8) bore earhole tapping → spot-facing plane.
(9) mill stub face.
(10) hinge kingpin bore.
2, the metalworking step of automobile axle:
(1) car two end flanges lateral surface and Wai Yuan, fixed its total length.
(2) finish turning two ends garden cylinder.
(3) mill the fixing steel plate support, drill steel plate holder hole.
(4) with two ends flange location, boring tooth bag centre bore mills tooth involucrum faying face.
(5) bore the back axle centre bore, bore the two ends flange hole.
(6) bore tooth bag screwed hole and tapping, bore other via hole and tapping.
(7) mill two ends steel pipe garden side face.
(8) car two ends screw thread.
Eight, check warehouse entry:
(1) at first, when melting, molten steel is carried out chemical composition control of strict, every stove all will divide twice chemical examination behind the stokehold, and the number of times of chemical examination can not be less than twice, and the data of checking behind the stove are filed.Main lab work: carbon, silicon, manganese, boron, sulphur, phosphorus.Copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, aluminium, vanadium are inspected by random samples, guaranteed to be up to state standards.
(2) after the heat treatment, in batches to the product Metallographic Analysis of sampling, tensile strength, percentage elongation, hardness test.
(3) after the heat treatment, every product is carried out pressure testing test and correction.
(4) every product is used the magnetic crack detection machine testing.
(5) size of product is checked accurately.
More than check all qualified after, product is sprayed paint, kingpin bore, shock relieve vent leaf spring hole etc. is added plastic protective sleeve, paste quality certification warehouse-in at last.
In a word, the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile with the forward and backward bridge of this explained hereafter, is compared and can be reduced production costs widely with traditional forging method, can shorten the construction cycle of new product.Compare with precision-investment casting, can obviously reduce production costs, shorten shell manufacturing cycle, improve the stability of casting dimension.Because in the die cavity of negative pressure, pour into a mould, can significantly reduce the inner air vent content of foundry goods, yield rate is higher, better quality, environmental protection especially more.Compare with the casting of common sand, owing to be the dry moulding that adopts binder free, in the sand mold of negative pressure, pour into a mould again, no matter foundry goods is air vent content, still all minimizings widely of burning into sand, slag inclusion.So being guaranteed qualitatively of foundry goods.On material, use ZG40MnSiB low-alloy steel, the ZG45# that adopts with at present domestic each producer compares, and the cost of raw material does not obviously improve, but after modifier treatment, has improved comprehensive mechanical performance, has higher flexural strength and anti-fatigue life.
Claims (11)
1. forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile; Described " the forward and backward bridge of automobile " is meant the propons of automobile and two parts of back axle of automobile; Automobile front axle is meant automobile I-shaped front axle; Back axle is meant the rear axle that connects automobile back wheel, it is characterized in that, prepares by following process:
(1) according to the blank shape and the sized model of the forward and backward bridge of automobile, on model, offers vertical passage, 0.2～2 millimeter of the diameter of said passage; 20～50 millimeters of pitch-rows; The groove hole is opened closelyer at the turning, opens in hole, plane place and to dredge, and be divided into upper and lower halved body;
(2) the model upper semi-body is lain against on the exhaust chamber, said exhaust chamber is positioned on the shake table, and the top board of said exhaust chamber is provided with passage; To have flexible film baking again covers on the top layer of model after soft; The thickness of said film is 0.05～0.2mm, and the baking heating-up temperature is at 80～120 degree, and exhaust chamber links to each other with vavuum pump; Under the pull of vacuum of 300～500mmHg, film is close on the whole surface of model and top board through passage;
(3) shroud cope outside top board and model upper semi-body; Said sandbox upper shed is provided with seal cover, and the sandbox outer wall is provided with bleeding point, is provided with the radially exhaust tube of pore that has that is beneficial to bleed in the described sandbox; On the film of the ingate position of model upper semi-body, cut an osculum; Be fixed on the ingate of model upper semi-body dead head barred body model perimembranous wrap film and with Pressure sensitive adhesive tape, in sandbox, add dry sand, Vibration on Start-up platform compacting sandbox dry sand; Wipe the layer of sand surface then off, cover seal cover in the upper shed of sandbox;
(4) bleeding point through sandbox vacuumizes the dry sand caking sclerosis that makes in the sandbox, and exhaust chamber stops to bleed then, and sandbox will vacuumize incessantly, and the sandbox of slinging takes off the upper semi-body model, extracts the dead head plug, just constitutes cope;
(5), repeat above-mentioned steps and process drag box with the lower semi-body of model;
(6) bottom surface of making the halfbody mould form with upper and lower sandbox fastens relatively, toward dead head casting molten metal fluid, just processes the forward and backward bridge blank of automobile after the cooling then.
2. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in step (2), (3), be coated with quick drying paint, spray coating or use the hairbrush paint with the air pressure spray gun on the surface of film; 1～3 time repeatedly; Coating layer thickness is 1～2.5mm, and after room temperature ventilation condition place deposits 10 minutes, dries up with portable air-heater; Hot blast temperature is 40～60 degree, on the outer surface that has on the sandbox internal face of aspirating hole with exhaust tube, is respectively equipped with to be used to prevent that fine sand from getting into the gauze of exhaust pipe.
3. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: behind the moulding by casting; Carry out sand removal, the processing of cutting dead head, and foundry goods is carried out soldering, polishing, finishing, check midway, modified heat treatment, pressure testing, shaping correction and shot blasting on surface handle.
4. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the mass fraction proportioning of described coating: 320 purpose zirconium English powder 40～50%, bauxite 10～20%; Polyvinyl butyral resin 3～3.5 %, ethanol 35～45%, the preparation process of described coating is: the good ethanol of weighing is poured agitator into; Open mixer; Pour load weighted zirconium English powder, bauxite and polyvinyl butyral resin into agitator successively again, stir after 30 minutes, parked 12 hours; And in parking period, to seal in order to avoid the ethanol volatilization stirs and just can use.
5. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described dry sand uses 70/140 order flowability silica sand preferably, sand grains concentration degree>=85%, the mass fraction of water≤0.5%.
6. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the mass percent of described motlten metal fluid recipes is: carbon 0.37～0.44%, silicon 0.50～0.80%, manganese 1.10～1.40%; Boron 0.0005～0.0035%; Sulphur＜0.035%, phosphorus＜0.035%, molten steel temperature are adjusted to 1560～1590 degree.
7. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method production process of automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described model is wooden or the aluminium alloy model.
8. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method of automobile flask device, described " the forward and backward bridge of automobile " is meant the propons of automobile and two parts of back axle of automobile, automobile front axle is meant automobile I-shaped front axle; Back axle is meant the rear axle that connects automobile back wheel; It is characterized in that: comprise the exhaust chamber that is positioned at the bottom, said exhaust chamber has on the top board of aspirating hole and is placed with forward and backward bridge model halfbody, and the faying face of said model halfbody A and another halfbody B lies against on the top board; Said top board top is provided with the film that closely is covered in model halfbody A upper surface; Said top board and film top are equipped with and cover on the peripheral sandbox of model halfbody, and said sandbox divides inside and outside two-layered steel plates, and interlayer is a hollow-core construction; Internal layer links with the even branch of six roots of sensation hollow pipe again, and is surperficial with 150～200 purpose screen clothes covering and fixing at inner plating and hollow pipe.
9. the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method of automobile according to claim 8 flask device; It is characterized in that: said film upper surface is sprayed with fast dry forming coating, fills up dry sand in the sandbox, and the sandbox upper shed is provided with seal cover; Outer wall is provided with bleeding point, and said seal cover is a film.
10. according to Claim 8 or the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method of 9 described automobiles flask device; It is characterized in that: said model halfbody is provided with vertical ventilation pore; Be beneficial to make when exhaust chamber is bled film to fit tightly and model halfbody upper surface; Said exhaust chamber is installed on the shake table, is placed with the dead head moulding plug that is connected with model halfbody ingate in the said sandbox.
11. the flask device of the forward and backward bridge vacuum sealed molding casting method of automobile according to claim 8 is characterized in that:, perhaps be combined in moulding in the sandbox to both automobile front axle and each personal independently box moulding of automobile axle.
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| CN200910224616A CN101722298B (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2009-11-12 | Vacuum sealed molding casting method production process for front bridge and rear bridge of automobile |
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| CN200910224616A CN101722298B (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2009-11-12 | Vacuum sealed molding casting method production process for front bridge and rear bridge of automobile |
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