CN105414484A - Fired mold precise casting technology for producing automobile H-shaped front shaft - Google Patents
Fired mold precise casting technology for producing automobile H-shaped front shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN105414484A CN105414484A CN201510837080.0A CN201510837080A CN105414484A CN 105414484 A CN105414484 A CN 105414484A CN 201510837080 A CN201510837080 A CN 201510837080A CN 105414484 A CN105414484 A CN 105414484A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fired mold precise casting technology for producing an automobile H-shaped front shaft. The automobile H-shaped front shaft is prepared according to the following processing steps that firstly, a wax mold is manufactured; secondly, multiple mold shell primary forming procedures of coating applying, sand scattering and coating hardening are carried out on the surface of the wax mold, dewaxing is carried out, and a mold shell is formed; thirdly, the mold shell is roasted; fourthly, made steel is poured in the mold shell, the analysis matching needs to be carried out on furnace burdens before steel making, the furnace front and furnace rear analysis needs to be carried out in the steel making process, necessary additives and deoxidizing agents are added, and accordingly the molten steel can meet the regulated chemical requirement; fifthly, the mold shell of an automobile H-shaped front shaft casting molded through casting is removed, and sand removing and casting head cutting are carried out; sixthly, grinding finishing and checking are carried out on the casting; seventhly, quenched-tempered heat treatment is carried out; eighthly, correcting and shot blasting treatment are carried out; and ninthly, metalworking treatment is carried out. According to the fired mold precise casting technology, equipment and die investment can be greatly reduced, the production cost is reduced accordingly, meanwhile, the new product development speed is high, and investment is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production and processing technology of automobile I-shaped front axle, particularly a kind of investment precision casting technology producing automobile I-shaped front axle.
Background technology
Automobile I-shaped front axle (hereinafter referred to as front axle) is the important safety part of automobile carrying.The front axle product of current domestic each manufacturer, be all adopt Forging Technology, 45# steel be forged into front axis blank, form through heat treatment, metalworking, its equipment investment, mould cost of investment are higher, and the speed of developing new product variety is comparatively slow, investment is larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of investment precision casting technology producing automobile I-shaped front axle, it not only can reduce equipment investment, mould investment greatly, thus reduces production cost, and developing new product variety speed is fast, small investment.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of investment precision casting technology producing automobile I-shaped front axle, and it is prepared according to following sequence of process steps:
(1) make wax-pattern according to automobile I-shaped front axle blank shape: comprise carry out successively casting, wax-pattern sizing, wax-pattern repairs and inspection, wax-pattern assembly welding and welding cap pouring port operation;
(2) formwork is made: 1. first carry out several daub, stucco the formwork preliminarily forming operation that coating is hardened in the wax-pattern surface that step (1) processing is obtained, 2. then dewax, formwork is separated with wax-pattern, forms independent formwork;
(3) formwork prepared of calcination steps (2);
(4) after making furnace lining, the chemical composition requirement that will reach according to molten steel after melting and the burn out rate of fusion process, the chemical composition requirement that before calculating melting, furnace charge will reach, carry out analysis to the charge composition for making steel afterwards to detect and proportioning, thus select the furnace charge of suitable proportioning and additive to carry out molten steel; When furnace charge is smelted into liquid phase, on-the-spot sample analysis is carried out to the chemical composition of molten steel, if molten steel reaches the chemical composition requirement of regulation, then add pre-deoxidant ferromanganese 0.8-1.0% and ferrosilicon 0.3-0.5%, proceed melting, if molten steel does not reach the chemical composition requirement of regulation, then add and make its necessary additive reaching regulation chemical composition and above-mentioned pre-deoxidant; When smelting temperature reaches 1800-200 DEG C, molten steel is come out of the stove into casting ladle, first adds 0.08% aluminium in order to molten steel final deoxidizing before entering casting ladle in casting ladle; Finally pouring molten steel is entered in the roasting formwork of step (3); Above percentage is mass percent;
(5) the automobile I-shaped front axle foundry goods of step (4) moulding by casting is sloughed formwork, carry out sand removal and cut dead head;
(6) foundry goods processed step (5) carries out polishing finishing and inspection;
(7) Tempering and Quenching is carried out to the foundry goods that step (6) processes;
(8) foundry goods that step (7) processes is corrected and bead;
(9) metal cutting process process is carried out to the foundry goods that step (8) processes.
Preferably, the raw materials weight portion of described wax-pattern is: antistatic additive 0.05%, light absorber 0.3%, surfactant 0.7%, paraffin 58.95%, stearic acid 40%.
Preferably, (1) make formwork time, the dope layer on wax-pattern surface is made up of one deck surface layer, three layers of transition zone and one deck enhancement Layer from the inside to the outside successively, the raw material weight number proportioning of each dope layer and technological requirement as follows:
1. surface layer: waterglass 2 parts, 9# silica flour 1.5-2 part, degreasing agent 0.3 part, defrother 0.08 part, the viscosity determined with the viscosimeter water clock time 50 seconds, firm time 35-40 minute, air-dry time be 30-50 minute summer, winter 80-100 minute; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.27-1.29 gram per centimeter
3;
2. transition zone: waterglass 2 parts, 9# silica flour 1.2-1.5 part, the viscosity 10-15 second determined with the viscosimeter water clock time, firm time 10-25 minute, air-dry time is identical with surface layer; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.29-1.31 gram per centimeter
3;
3. enhancement Layer: waterglass 2 parts, 8# silica flour 0.6 part, return the 8# silica flour 0.4 part of system, the viscosity 20-50 second determined with the viscosimeter water clock time, firm time is 20-30 minute summer, 120 minutes winters, and air-dry time is identical with surface layer; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.34-1.36 gram per centimeter
3;
(2) daub when making formwork, stucco the process that coating is hardened carry out according to following steps order:
1. according to be coated with dope layer, by the related process requirement of corresponding dope layer in this claim (1) money, adjustment waterglass, makes it reach setting;
2. according to be coated with dope layer, by the related process requirement of corresponding dope layer in this claim (1) money, waterglass is taken and silica flour is poured in coating cylinder;
3. start mixer to stir, without till dry powder agglomerate in coating;
4. preliminary survey dope viscosity, if surface layer daub, also needs to add degreasing agent and defrother by the requirement of this claim (1) money;
5., after adjusting dope viscosity to this claim (1) money medium viscosity prescribed limit, stirring more than 20 minutes is continued;
6., after the coating be stirred will place 4 hours, waterglass and quartz powder materials just can be used after wetting, bubble floating effusion further;
7. wax-pattern dip-coating material, carries out successively according to following steps and requirement:
A. control wax-pattern and immerse the angle of coating and speed, not fractureing when soak with wax-pattern easily enters hole with pressure-off wax-pattern, coating and not easily causes again bubble for principle around the corner;
B., after wax-pattern immerses coating, move up and down lightly and carry out back rotation;
C. mention wax-pattern, avoid wax-pattern to come off from gate stick;
D. the little oil pike of the bubble on wax-pattern is pointed out, and add coating coating;
E., after mentioning wax-pattern, light drops down by coating and drips, and then limit is rotated, and limit is turned up and down, makes coating can be coated on wax-pattern surface equably;
8. stucco, comprises the following steps and requires:
A. make wax-pattern constantly come back rotation and turned upside down during stucco, coating and sand grains are evenly distributed, and anti-leak-stopping spreads;
B. stucco is complete shakes off unnecessary sand grains;
C. the necessary action of stucco is quick, in order to avoid the coating at water caltrop edge does not glue sand grains from doing, particularly important when summer or modulus of water glass height;
D. wherein the stucco proportioning of enhancement Layer is: the 3# quartz sand 80%+3# quartz sand 20% returning system, and wherein the order number of 3# quartz sand is 5/8;
9. coating sclerosis, comprises the following steps and requires:
A. the wax-pattern spreading sand is hung immerse be placed with in the sclerosis pond of curing agent, make coating surface immediately with waterglass generation sclerous reaction, quartz sand and powder are bonded together by the silicon dioxide colloid of generation securely;
B. firm time is with reference to this claim (1) money;
C. wax-pattern is often stirred to ensure each position homogeneous immersion;
10. air-dry, comprise the following steps and require:
A. after mentioning wax-pattern, stop the several seconds, allow curing agent trickle back and harden behind pond, then be placed on frame or ground;
B. the fan that begins to rehearse dries up moisture content;
C. air-dry time is with reference to this claim (1) money, makes formwork surface reach the degree of " not wetting in vain ";
If d. " in vain " is sent out on formwork surface, need spray or soak just can next coating of dip-coating after soaking;
If when e. having drop to retain bottom formwork, lengthen air-dry time;
F., when enhancement Layer coating has been tied, in formwork groove, add a reinforcing bar, and twine jail with thin wire, to strengthen form strength;
Air-dry good module is repeated above-mentioned coating, stucco, sclerosis, air-dry each operation, until after crust 5 layers, last dip-coating material is to prevent drop; After crust, place and within more than 8 hours, just carry out next step dewaxing;
(3) dewax, formwork is separated with wax-pattern, the process forming independent formwork is sequentially carried out according to the following steps:
1. in dewaxing pond, add the clear water accounting for tankage about 3/4, and add the sal-ammoniac accounting for water weight 6 ~ 8%, heated by water, water temperature controls within the scope of 90 ± 5 DEG C;
2., after removing the sand grains on wax-pattern formwork, the wax-pattern of band formwork is arranged in hanging basket;
3., when water temperature reaches 90 ~ 95 DEG C, hanging basket is put into pond;
4. after the wax-pattern mould material fusing in cup, before taking-up, be welded on the wooden stick for the formation of cap pouring port on wax-pattern, when no longer including lasting white wax pearl floating in cup, hanging basket mentioned;
5., when formwork proposes dewaxing pond, rock the water and floating wax poured out wherein, then tank enters hot water injection, finally formwork is placed upside down on clean ground;
6. the formwork having taken off wax is placed more than 8 hours, just carry out next step roasting.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are: than prior art, the present invention produces automobile I-shaped front axle rough casting owing to creatively adopting investment precision casting technology, again rough casting is heat-treated, metalworking to be to make product, therefore have the following advantages: (1) can reduce equipment investment, mould investment greatly, thus reduces production cost; (2) fast, the small investment of developing new product variety speed, adopt the time of other method developing new product variety greatly about half a year to one year, mould takes more than 200,000 yuan, and the time <3 utilizing the present invention to develop new product month, tool tool takes <0.5 ten thousand yuan; (3) product quality is good, has higher flexural strength and anti-fatigue life.
Detailed description of the invention
Be further described the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Produce an investment precision casting technology for automobile I-shaped front axle, it is prepared according to following sequence of process steps:
(1) make wax-pattern according to automobile I-shaped front axle blank shape: comprise carry out successively casting, wax-pattern sizing, wax-pattern repairs and inspection, wax-pattern assembly welding and welding cap pouring port operation;
(2) formwork is made: 1. first carry out several daub, stucco the formwork preliminarily forming operation that coating is hardened in the wax-pattern surface that step (1) processing is obtained, 2. then dewax, formwork is separated with wax-pattern, forms independent formwork;
(3) formwork prepared of calcination steps (2);
(4) after making furnace lining, the chemical composition requirement that will reach according to molten steel after melting and the burn out rate of fusion process, the chemical composition requirement that before calculating melting, furnace charge will reach, carry out analysis to the charge composition for making steel afterwards to detect and proportioning, thus select the furnace charge of suitable proportioning and additive to carry out molten steel; When furnace charge is smelted into liquid phase, on-the-spot sample analysis is carried out to the chemical composition of molten steel, if molten steel reaches the chemical composition requirement of regulation, then add pre-deoxidant ferromanganese 0.8-1.0% and ferrosilicon 0.3-0.5%, proceed melting, if molten steel does not reach the chemical composition requirement of regulation, then add and make its necessary additive reaching regulation chemical composition and above-mentioned pre-deoxidant; When smelting temperature reaches 1800-200 DEG C, molten steel is come out of the stove into casting ladle, first adds 0.08% aluminium in order to molten steel final deoxidizing before entering casting ladle in casting ladle; Finally pouring molten steel is entered in the roasting formwork of step (3); Above percentage is mass percent;
(5) the automobile I-shaped front axle foundry goods of step (4) moulding by casting is sloughed formwork, carry out sand removal and cut dead head;
(6) foundry goods processed step (5) carries out polishing finishing and inspection;
(7) Tempering and Quenching is carried out to the foundry goods that step (6) processes;
(8) foundry goods that step (7) processes is corrected and bead;
(9) metal cutting process process is carried out to the foundry goods that step (8) processes.
In the present embodiment, the raw materials weight portion of described wax-pattern is: antistatic additive 0.05%, light absorber 0.3%, surfactant 0.7%, paraffin 58.95%, stearic acid 40%.
In the present embodiment, (1) make formwork time, the dope layer on wax-pattern surface is made up of one deck surface layer, three layers of transition zone and one deck enhancement Layer from the inside to the outside successively, the raw material weight number proportioning of each dope layer and technological requirement as follows:
1. surface layer: waterglass 2 parts, 9# silica flour 1.5-2 part, degreasing agent 0.3 part, defrother 0.08 part, the viscosity determined with the viscosimeter water clock time 50 seconds, firm time 35-40 minute, air-dry time be 30-50 minute summer, winter 80-100 minute; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.27-1.29 gram per centimeter
3;
2. transition zone: waterglass 2 parts, 9# silica flour 1.2-1.5 part, the viscosity 10-15 second determined with the viscosimeter water clock time, firm time 10-25 minute, air-dry time is identical with surface layer; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.29-1.31 gram per centimeter
3;
3. enhancement Layer: waterglass 2 parts, 8# silica flour 0.6 part, return the 8# silica flour 0.4 part of system, the viscosity 20-50 second determined with the viscosimeter water clock time, firm time is 20-30 minute summer, 120 minutes winters, and air-dry time is identical with surface layer; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.34-1.36 gram per centimeter
3;
(2) daub when making formwork, stucco the process that coating is hardened carry out according to following steps order:
1. according to be coated with dope layer, by the related process requirement of corresponding dope layer in this claim (1) money, adjustment waterglass, makes it reach setting;
2. according to be coated with dope layer, by the related process requirement of corresponding dope layer in this claim (1) money, waterglass is taken and silica flour is poured in coating cylinder;
3. start mixer to stir, without till dry powder agglomerate in coating;
4. preliminary survey dope viscosity, if surface layer daub, also needs to add degreasing agent and defrother by the requirement of this claim (1) money;
5., after adjusting dope viscosity to this claim (1) money medium viscosity prescribed limit, stirring more than 20 minutes is continued;
6., after the coating be stirred will place 4 hours, waterglass and quartz powder materials just can be used after wetting, bubble floating effusion further;
7. wax-pattern dip-coating material, carries out successively according to following steps and requirement:
A. control wax-pattern and immerse the angle of coating and speed, not fractureing when soak with wax-pattern easily enters hole with pressure-off wax-pattern, coating and not easily causes again bubble for principle around the corner;
B., after wax-pattern immerses coating, move up and down lightly and carry out back rotation;
C. mention wax-pattern, avoid wax-pattern to come off from gate stick;
D. the little oil pike of the bubble on wax-pattern is pointed out, and add coating coating;
E., after mentioning wax-pattern, light drops down by coating and drips, and then limit is rotated, and limit is turned up and down, makes coating can be coated on wax-pattern surface equably;
8. stucco, comprises the following steps and requires:
A. make wax-pattern constantly come back rotation and turned upside down during stucco, coating and sand grains are evenly distributed, and anti-leak-stopping spreads;
B. stucco is complete shakes off unnecessary sand grains;
C. the necessary action of stucco is quick, in order to avoid the coating at water caltrop edge does not glue sand grains from doing, particularly important when summer or modulus of water glass height;
D. wherein the stucco proportioning of enhancement Layer is: the 3# quartz sand 80%+3# quartz sand 20% returning system, and wherein the order number of 3# quartz sand is 5/8;
9. coating sclerosis, comprises the following steps and requires:
A. the wax-pattern spreading sand is hung immerse be placed with in the sclerosis pond of curing agent, make coating surface immediately with waterglass generation sclerous reaction, quartz sand and powder are bonded together by the silicon dioxide colloid of generation securely;
B. firm time is with reference to this claim (1) money;
C. wax-pattern is often stirred to ensure each position homogeneous immersion;
10. air-dry, comprise the following steps and require:
A. after mentioning wax-pattern, stop the several seconds, allow curing agent trickle back and harden behind pond, then be placed on frame or ground;
B. the fan that begins to rehearse dries up moisture content;
C. air-dry time is with reference to this claim (1) money, makes formwork surface reach the degree of " not wetting in vain ";
If d. " in vain " is sent out on formwork surface, need spray or soak just can next coating of dip-coating after soaking;
If when e. having drop to retain bottom formwork, lengthen air-dry time;
F., when enhancement Layer coating has been tied, in formwork groove, add a reinforcing bar, and twine jail with thin wire, to strengthen form strength;
Air-dry good module is repeated above-mentioned coating, stucco, sclerosis, air-dry each operation, until after crust 5 layers, last dip-coating material is to prevent drop; After crust, place and within more than 8 hours, just carry out next step dewaxing;
(3) dewax, formwork is separated with wax-pattern, the process forming independent formwork is sequentially carried out according to the following steps:
1. in dewaxing pond, add the clear water accounting for tankage about 3/4, and add the sal-ammoniac accounting for water weight 6 ~ 8%, heated by water, water temperature controls within the scope of 90 ± 5 DEG C;
2., after removing the sand grains on wax-pattern formwork, the wax-pattern of band formwork is arranged in hanging basket;
3., when water temperature reaches 90 ~ 95 DEG C, hanging basket is put into pond;
4. after the wax-pattern mould material fusing in cup, before taking-up, be welded on the wooden stick for the formation of cap pouring port on wax-pattern, when no longer including lasting white wax pearl floating in cup, hanging basket mentioned;
5., when formwork proposes dewaxing pond, rock the water and floating wax poured out wherein, then tank enters hot water injection, finally formwork is placed upside down on clean ground;
6. the formwork having taken off wax is placed more than 8 hours, just carry out next step roasting.
The above is only preferred embodiments of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. produce an investment precision casting technology for automobile I-shaped front axle, it is characterized in that, it is prepared according to following sequence of process steps:
(1) make wax-pattern according to automobile I-shaped front axle blank shape: comprise carry out successively casting, wax-pattern sizing, wax-pattern repairs and inspection, wax-pattern assembly welding and welding cap pouring port operation;
(2) formwork is made: 1. first carry out several daub, stucco the formwork preliminarily forming operation that coating is hardened in the wax-pattern surface that step (1) processing is obtained, 2. then dewax, formwork is separated with wax-pattern, forms independent formwork;
(3) formwork prepared of calcination steps (2);
(4) after making furnace lining, the chemical composition requirement that will reach according to molten steel after melting and the burn out rate of fusion process, the chemical composition requirement that before calculating melting, furnace charge will reach, carry out analysis to the charge composition for making steel afterwards to detect and proportioning, thus select the furnace charge of suitable proportioning and additive to carry out molten steel; When furnace charge is smelted into liquid phase, on-the-spot sample analysis is carried out to the chemical composition of molten steel, if molten steel reaches the chemical composition requirement of regulation, then add pre-deoxidant ferromanganese 0.8-1.0% and ferrosilicon 0.3-0.5%, proceed melting, if molten steel does not reach the chemical composition requirement of regulation, then add and make its necessary additive reaching regulation chemical composition and above-mentioned pre-deoxidant; When smelting temperature reaches 1800-200 DEG C, molten steel is come out of the stove into casting ladle, first adds 0.08% aluminium in order to molten steel final deoxidizing before entering casting ladle in casting ladle; Finally pouring molten steel is entered in the roasting formwork of step (3); Above percentage is mass percent;
(5) the automobile I-shaped front axle foundry goods of step (4) moulding by casting is sloughed formwork, carry out sand removal and cut dead head;
(6) foundry goods processed step (5) carries out polishing finishing and inspection;
(7) Tempering and Quenching is carried out to the foundry goods that step (6) processes;
(8) foundry goods that step (7) processes is corrected and bead;
(9) metal cutting process process is carried out to the foundry goods that step (8) processes.
2. the investment precision casting technology of production automobile I-shaped front axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the raw materials weight portion of described wax-pattern is: antistatic additive 0.05%, light absorber 0.3%, surfactant 0.7%, paraffin 58.95%, stearic acid 40%.
3. the investment precision casting technology of production automobile I-shaped front axle according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
(1) make formwork time, the dope layer on wax-pattern surface is made up of one deck surface layer, three layers of transition zone and one deck enhancement Layer from the inside to the outside successively, the raw material weight number proportioning of each dope layer and technological requirement as follows:
1. surface layer: waterglass 2 parts, 9# silica flour 1.5-2 part, degreasing agent 0.3 part, defrother 0.08 part, the viscosity determined with the viscosimeter water clock time 50 seconds, firm time 35-40 minute, air-dry time be 30-50 minute summer, winter 80-100 minute; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.27-1.29 gram per centimeter
3;
2. transition zone: waterglass 2 parts, 9# silica flour 1.2-1.5 part, the viscosity 10-15 second determined with the viscosimeter water clock time, firm time 10-25 minute, air-dry time is identical with surface layer; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.29-1.31 gram per centimeter
3;
3. enhancement Layer: waterglass 2 parts, 8# silica flour 0.6 part, return the 8# silica flour 0.4 part of system, the viscosity 20-50 second determined with the viscosimeter water clock time, firm time is 20-30 minute summer, 120 minutes winters, and air-dry time is identical with surface layer; Wherein the density of waterglass is 1.34-1.36 gram per centimeter
3;
(2) daub when making formwork, stucco the process that coating is hardened carry out according to following steps order:
1. according to be coated with dope layer, by the related process requirement of corresponding dope layer in this claim (1) money, adjustment waterglass, makes it reach setting;
2. according to be coated with dope layer, by the related process requirement of corresponding dope layer in this claim (1) money, waterglass is taken and silica flour is poured in coating cylinder;
3. start mixer to stir, without till dry powder agglomerate in coating;
4. preliminary survey dope viscosity, if surface layer daub, also needs to add degreasing agent and defrother by the requirement of this claim (1) money;
5., after adjusting dope viscosity to this claim (1) money medium viscosity prescribed limit, stirring more than 20 minutes is continued;
6., after the coating be stirred will place 4 hours, waterglass and quartz powder materials just can be used after wetting, bubble floating effusion further;
7. wax-pattern dip-coating material, carries out successively according to following steps and requirement:
A. control wax-pattern and immerse the angle of coating and speed, not fractureing when soak with wax-pattern easily enters hole with pressure-off wax-pattern, coating and not easily causes again bubble for principle around the corner;
B., after wax-pattern immerses coating, move up and down lightly and carry out back rotation;
C. mention wax-pattern, avoid wax-pattern to come off from gate stick;
D. the little oil pike of the bubble on wax-pattern is pointed out, and add coating coating;
E., after mentioning wax-pattern, light drops down by coating and drips, and then limit is rotated, and limit is turned up and down, makes coating can be coated on wax-pattern surface equably;
8. stucco, comprises the following steps and requires:
A. make wax-pattern constantly come back rotation and turned upside down during stucco, coating and sand grains are evenly distributed, and anti-leak-stopping spreads;
B. stucco is complete shakes off unnecessary sand grains;
C. the necessary action of stucco is quick, in order to avoid the coating at water caltrop edge does not glue sand grains from doing, particularly important when summer or modulus of water glass height;
D. wherein the stucco proportioning of enhancement Layer is: the 3# quartz sand 80%+3# quartz sand 20% returning system, and wherein the order number of 3# quartz sand is 5/8;
9. coating sclerosis, comprises the following steps and requires:
A. the wax-pattern spreading sand is hung immerse be placed with in the sclerosis pond of curing agent, make coating surface immediately with waterglass generation sclerous reaction, quartz sand and powder are bonded together by the silicon dioxide colloid of generation securely;
B. firm time is with reference to this claim (1) money;
C. wax-pattern is often stirred to ensure each position homogeneous immersion;
10. air-dry, comprise the following steps and require:
A. after mentioning wax-pattern, stop the several seconds, allow curing agent trickle back and harden behind pond, then be placed on frame or ground;
B. the fan that begins to rehearse dries up moisture content;
C. air-dry time is with reference to this claim (1) money, makes formwork surface reach the degree of " not wetting in vain ";
If d. " in vain " is sent out on formwork surface, need spray or soak just can next coating of dip-coating after soaking;
If when e. having drop to retain bottom formwork, lengthen air-dry time;
F., when enhancement Layer coating has been tied, in formwork groove, add a reinforcing bar, and twine jail with thin wire, to strengthen form strength;
Air-dry good module is repeated above-mentioned coating, stucco, sclerosis, air-dry each operation, until after crust 5 layers, last dip-coating material is to prevent drop; After crust, place and within more than 8 hours, just carry out next step dewaxing;
(3) dewax, formwork is separated with wax-pattern, the process forming independent formwork is sequentially carried out according to the following steps:
1. in dewaxing pond, add the clear water accounting for tankage about 3/4, and add the sal-ammoniac accounting for water weight 6 ~ 8%, heated by water, water temperature controls within the scope of 90 ± 5 DEG C;
2., after removing the sand grains on wax-pattern formwork, the wax-pattern of band formwork is arranged in hanging basket;
3., when water temperature reaches 90 ~ 95 DEG C, hanging basket is put into pond;
4. after the wax-pattern mould material fusing in cup, before taking-up, be welded on the wooden stick for the formation of cap pouring port on wax-pattern, when no longer including lasting white wax pearl floating in cup, hanging basket mentioned;
5., when formwork proposes dewaxing pond, rock the water and floating wax poured out wherein, then tank enters hot water injection, finally formwork is placed upside down on clean ground;
6. the formwork having taken off wax is placed more than 8 hours, just carry out next step roasting.
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