CN105410174B - Preservation method of corn germplasm resources - Google Patents
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- CN105410174B CN105410174B CN201510900474.6A CN201510900474A CN105410174B CN 105410174 B CN105410174 B CN 105410174B CN 201510900474 A CN201510900474 A CN 201510900474A CN 105410174 B CN105410174 B CN 105410174B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a preservation method of corn germplasm resources. The preservation method of the corn germplasm resources comprises the following steps: (1) selecting high-quality germplasm resources of corn seeds, and immersing the corn seeds into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 hours; (2) drying the soaked corn seeds until the water content is lower than 10%; (3) placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for sealing and storing; (4) and (3) storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storage under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent. Experiments prove that the method is beneficial to maintaining the seed vitality so as to prolong the seed life, and the high-quality germination rate and germination vigor can be maintained for years. Meanwhile, the method for preserving the corn seeds is simple, convenient and energy-saving, and is beneficial to the standardized management of preservation of corn germplasm resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a preservation method of corn germplasm resources.
Background
Corn is one of important grain crops, feed crops and light industrial raw material crops, is one of important grain and industrial raw materials required by population in the world, is one of grain crops which are most widely distributed in the world, has the planting area second to the third place of wheat and rice, and is developed into the first economic crop in China. Therefore, the method attaches importance to and ensures the quality and yield of corn crop production, and has great significance for grain safety and economic development.
The corn germplasm resources are a material basis for breeding excellent varieties, original materials are collected, the germplasm basis is widened, germplasm identification, innovation and utilization are developed, the important position is always achieved in corn variety improvement, the effective utilization research on the corn germplasm resources is enhanced, the corn genetic basis is widened, the corn breeding level is improved, and the important role is played in developing the corn production in China. The existing preservation method of corn seeds leads the first generation of corn yield and quality to be inferior to the first generation, and seriously influences the development of the corn planting industry, so that the method for furthest prolonging the storage life of the seeds is an important way for protecting plant germplasm resources.
In the prior art, a common method for preserving corn seeds requires drying, low temperature and ventilation, but the method is not suitable for the south, and the seeds are easy to mildew or germinate in advance under the ventilation condition due to the humid climate in the south, thereby seriously affecting the quality of the seeds.
For example, chinese patent CN102986334A discloses a method for preserving corn seeds, which comprises pre-treating storehouse and controlling conditions to preserve the seeds, specifically including pre-cooling the storehouse at 2-15 deg.c, and wrapping the corn seeds with air-permeable sacks; placing the wrapped corn seeds in a storehouse, reserving a passage with the width of more than 0.2 m between every two bags, and leaving the ground of each bag to be more than 0.1 m; meanwhile, the temperature of the storehouse is kept between 0 and 8 ℃, and the humidity of the storehouse is kept between 35 and 60 percent. The method can effectively prolong the preservation time of the seeds, improve the overall quality of the seeds and ensure the germination rate of the seeds on the premise of ensuring the quality of the seeds. Although the method prolongs the preservation time of the seeds by strictly controlling the preservation conditions of the storehouse, the requirements on the ventilation condition and the humidity of the storehouse are still more complex, and the method is not suitable for the preservation of the seeds in humid areas such as south and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preserving corn germplasm resources, which is more applicable to a wider environment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for preserving the corn germplasm resources comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting high-quality germplasm resources of corn seeds, and immersing the corn seeds into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 hours;
(2) drying the soaked corn seeds until the water content is lower than 10%;
(3) placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for sealing and storing;
(4) and (3) storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storage under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent.
In the step (1), the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is a mixed aqueous solution of PEG 400 and PEG 600.
The mass ratio of the PEG 400 to the PEG 600 is 1-2: 1-3.
The mass concentration of the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is 20-40 g/L.
The ratio of the mass of the corn seeds to the volume of the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is 1: 30-50, and the ratio relationship of the mass to the volume is the relationship of g/mL.
Preferably, the method for storing the corn germplasm resources further comprises the step of sterilizing the seed bank before warehousing the seeds, namely spraying or strip-hanging 200 mg of 70-80% dichlorvos missible oil per square meter for sterilization, and sealing for 72 hours for sterilization.
In the step of disinfection treatment, after sealing for 72 hours, the seeds can be put in storage after ventilation for at least 24 hours.
In the step (2), the step of drying the seeds comprises a natural drying method or a mechanical catalytic drying method.
The step (4) further comprises the step of sterilizing and drying the brown jar at high temperature and high pressure.
The method for preserving the corn germplasm resources further comprises the steps of carrying out periodic inspection during the preservation period of the germplasm resources and establishing a corn germplasm resource database.
The method for preserving the corn germplasm resources comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out soaking pretreatment on seeds by using a nontoxic low-concentration polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, and preferably selecting the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution as a mixed solution of PEG 400 and PEG 600, so that the long-term preservation of the corn seeds can be effectively realized; in addition, the method of the invention uses the brown wide-mouth bottle to store the corn seeds with the water content below 10%, which is beneficial to maintaining the seed vitality and prolonging the seed life. Experiments prove that the corn seeds preserved by the method still have high germination rate and germination vigor for years. Meanwhile, the method for preserving the corn seeds is simple, convenient and energy-saving, and is beneficial to the standardized management of preservation of corn germplasm resources.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for preserving the corn germplasm resources comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the treatment of germplasm resource materials, with reference to GB/7415 crop seeds, a seed storage mode is adopted, robust, full and uniform seeds with regular grain shapes and grain colors are selected as storage materials, broken grains, worsted grains, non-embryo grains, blighted grains, thin grains, miscellaneous grains and the like are removed, and 1000g of high-quality seeds of a mature inbred line of a Texas sixty farm in 2010 are harvested in the 10 th place of the month;
soaking the selected high-quality seeds in 50L of polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 h; the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is prepared according to the following method: respectively weighing 400g and 600g of PEG 400 and PEG 600, uniformly mixing, dissolving in water, adding water to a constant volume of 50L, and obtaining a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 20 g/L;
(2) cleaning the seeds to remove 98% of impurities, controlling the water content of the soaked corn seeds to be below 10% by adopting a natural drying method or a mechanical drying method, checking the quality of the seeds again, and screening the seeds with the germination rate of 97% and the germination potential of more than 96% for later use;
(3) cleaning a frosted opening and a 1L brown wide-mouth mask in advance, sterilizing at high temperature by using an autoclave and drying; placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for storage, melting paraffin after the seeds are filled, sealing, and completely sealing; labeling the outer side of the brown bottle to indicate records, wherein the labels are in duplicate, one label is adhered to the wall of the brown bottle, and the other label is adhered to the inner side of the brown bottle to indicate variety numbers, names, sources, quantities, purities, grades and warehousing dates;
(4) before the seeds are put in a warehouse, the seed warehouse is cleaned and disinfected, different seeds, impurities and garbage in the warehouse are removed, insect scraping pits are removed, the wall surface is repaired, caulking and painting are carried out, and no impurities exist within 3 meters around the warehouse; spraying or strip hanging pesticide by using 100-200 mg of 80% dichlorvos missible oil per square meter during disinfection, sealing for 72 hours, and ventilating for 24 hours after disinfection to ensure that seeds can enter the warehouse;
storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storehouse at the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent; the seed bottles in the same year are placed from left to right, from top to bottom according to the number, and the labels face outwards;
during the preservation period of the germplasm resources, regular inspection is carried out, and the germplasm resources are inspected in time in high-temperature and high-humidity weather; the moisture content, the germination rate, the germination vigor and the like of the corns in the bottles are measured once every three months by referring to GB/T3543.1-3543.7, so that a corn germplasm resource database is established conveniently.
A part of stored samples are extracted in 10 months in 2014 for germination rate and germination potential data detection, and the corn seeds stored according to the method of the embodiment have the water content of about 10%, the germination rate of 96% and the germination potential of 94%, which are similar to and have no obvious difference from the detection data in 2010.
Example 2
The method for preserving the corn germplasm resources comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the treatment of germplasm resource materials, with reference to GB/7415 crop seeds, a seed storage mode is adopted, robust, full and uniform seeds with regular grain shapes and grain colors are selected as storage materials, broken grains, worsted grains, non-embryo grains, blighted grains, thin grains, miscellaneous grains and the like are removed, and 1000g of high-quality seeds of a mature inbred line of a Texas sixty farm in 2010 are harvested in the 10 th place of the month;
soaking the selected high-quality seeds in 30L of polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 h; the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is prepared according to the following method: respectively weighing 300g and 900g of PEG 400 and PEG 600, uniformly mixing, dissolving in water, adding water to a constant volume of 30L, and obtaining a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 40 g/L;
(2) cleaning the seeds to remove 99% of impurity purity, controlling the water content of the soaked corn seeds to be below 10% by adopting a natural drying method or a mechanical drying method, checking the seed quality again, and screening the seeds with 99% of germination rate and over 97% of germination potential for later use;
(3) cleaning a frosted opening and a 1L brown wide-mouth mask in advance, sterilizing at high temperature by using an autoclave and drying; placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for storage, melting paraffin after the seeds are filled, sealing, and completely sealing; labeling the outer side of the brown bottle to indicate records, wherein the labels are in duplicate, one label is adhered to the wall of the brown bottle, and the other label is adhered to the inner side of the brown bottle to indicate variety numbers, names, sources, quantities, purities, grades and warehousing dates;
(4) before the seeds are put in a warehouse, the seed warehouse is cleaned and disinfected, different seeds, impurities and garbage in the warehouse are removed, insect scraping pits are removed, the wall surface is repaired, caulking and painting are carried out, and no impurities exist within 3 meters around the warehouse; spraying or strip hanging pesticide by using 100-200 mg of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate per square meter during disinfection, sealing for 72 hours, and ventilating for 24 hours after disinfection to ensure that seeds can enter a warehouse;
storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storehouse at the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent; the seed bottles in the same year are placed from left to right, from top to bottom according to the number, and the labels face outwards;
during the preservation period of the germplasm resources, regular inspection is carried out, and the germplasm resources are inspected in time in high-temperature and high-humidity weather; and determining the water content, the germination rate, the germination vigor and the like of the corns in the bottles once every three months by referring to GB/T3543.1-3543.7 so as to conveniently establish a corn germplasm resource database.
A part of stored samples are extracted in 10 months in 2014 for germination rate and germination potential data detection, and the corn seeds stored according to the method of the embodiment have the water content of about 10%, the germination rate of 97% and the germination potential of 95%, which are similar to and have no obvious difference from the detection data in 2010.
Example 3
The method for preserving the corn germplasm resources comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the germplasm resource material treatment, seeds of GB/7415 crops are referred, a seed storage mode is adopted, robust, full and uniform seeds with regular grain shapes and grain colors are selected as a storage material, broken grains, worsted grains, non-embryo grains, blighted grains, thin grains, miscellaneous grains and the like are removed, and 1000g of high-quality seeds of mature selfing lines of the octogen are collected in 10 months in 2011;
soaking the selected high-quality seeds in 40L of polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 h; the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is prepared according to the following method: respectively weighing 600g and 600g of PEG 400 and 600g of PEG, uniformly mixing, dissolving in water, adding water to a constant volume of 40L, and obtaining a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 30 g/L;
(2) cleaning the seeds to remove 99% of impurity purity, controlling the water content of the soaked corn seeds to be below 10% by adopting a natural drying method or a mechanical drying method, checking the seed quality again, and screening the seeds with the germination rate of 98% and the germination potential of more than 97% for later use;
(3) cleaning a frosted opening and a 1L brown wide-mouth mask in advance, sterilizing at high temperature by using an autoclave and drying; placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for storage, melting paraffin after the seeds are filled, sealing, and completely sealing; labeling the outer side of the brown bottle to indicate records, wherein the labels are in duplicate, one label is adhered to the wall of the brown bottle, and the other label is adhered to the inner side of the brown bottle to indicate variety numbers, names, sources, quantities, purities, grades and warehousing dates;
(4) before the seeds are put in a warehouse, the seed warehouse is cleaned and disinfected, different seeds, impurities and garbage in the warehouse are removed, insect scraping pits are removed, the wall surface is repaired, caulking and painting are carried out, and no impurities exist within 3 meters around the warehouse; spraying or strip hanging pesticide by using 100-200 mg of 80% dichlorvos missible oil per square meter during disinfection, sealing for 72 hours, and ventilating for 24 hours after disinfection to ensure that seeds can enter the warehouse;
storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storehouse at the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent; the seed bottles in the same year are placed from left to right, from top to bottom according to the number, and the labels face outwards;
during the preservation period of the germplasm resources, regular inspection is carried out, and the germplasm resources are inspected in time in high-temperature and high-humidity weather; the moisture content, the germination rate, the germination vigor and the like of the corns in the bottles are measured once every three months by referring to GB/T3543.1-3543.7, so that a corn germplasm resource database is established conveniently.
A part of stored samples are extracted 5 months in 2015 for germination rate and germination potential data detection, and the corn seeds stored according to the method of the embodiment have the water content of about 10%, the germination rate of 97% and the germination potential of 95%, which are similar to the detection data in 2011 and have no obvious difference.
Example 4
The method for preserving the corn germplasm resources comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the germplasm resource material treatment, seeds of GB/7415 crops are referred, a seed storage mode is adopted, robust, full and uniform seeds with regular grain shapes and grain colors are selected as a storage material, broken grains, worsted grains, non-embryo grains, blighted grains, thin grains, miscellaneous grains and the like are removed, and 1000g of high-quality seeds of mature selfing lines of the octogen are collected in 10 months in 2011;
soaking the selected high-quality seeds in 40L of polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 h; the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is prepared according to the following method: respectively weighing 800g and 400g of PEG 400 and PEG 600, uniformly mixing, dissolving in water, adding water to a constant volume of 40L, and obtaining a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 30 g/L;
(2) cleaning the seeds to remove 99% of impurity purity, controlling the water content of the soaked corn seeds to be below 10% by adopting a natural drying method or a mechanical drying method, checking the seed quality again, and screening the seeds with 99% of germination rate and over 97% of germination potential for later use;
(3) cleaning a frosted opening and a 1L brown wide-mouth mask in advance, sterilizing at high temperature by using an autoclave and drying; placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for storage, melting paraffin after the seeds are filled, sealing, and completely sealing; labeling the outer side of the brown bottle to indicate records, wherein the labels are in duplicate, one label is adhered to the wall of the brown bottle, and the other label is adhered to the inner side of the brown bottle to indicate variety numbers, names, sources, quantities, purities, grades and warehousing dates;
(4) before the seeds are put in a warehouse, the seed warehouse is cleaned and disinfected, different seeds, impurities and garbage in the warehouse are removed, insect scraping pits are removed, the wall surface is repaired, caulking and painting are carried out, and no impurities exist within 3 meters around the warehouse; spraying or strip hanging pesticide by using 100-200 mg of 80% dichlorvos missible oil per square meter during disinfection, sealing for 72 hours, and ventilating for 24 hours after disinfection to ensure that seeds can enter the warehouse;
storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storehouse at the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent; the seed bottles in the same year are placed from left to right, from top to bottom according to the number, and the labels face outwards;
during the preservation period of the germplasm resources, regular inspection is carried out, and the germplasm resources are inspected in time in high-temperature and high-humidity weather; and determining the water content, the germination rate, the germination vigor and the like of the corns in the bottles once every three months by referring to GB/T3543.1-3543.7 so as to conveniently establish a corn germplasm resource database.
A part of stored samples are extracted 5 months in 2015 for germination rate and germination potential data detection, and the corn seeds stored according to the method of the embodiment have the water content of about 10%, the germination rate of 98% and the germination potential of 95%, which are similar to the detection data in 2011 and have no obvious difference.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preserving corn germplasm resources is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting high-quality germplasm resources of corn seeds, and immersing the corn seeds into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution for 2-3 hours; the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is a mixed aqueous solution of PEG 400 and PEG 600, the mass ratio of the PEG 400 to the PEG 600 is 1-2:1-3, and the mass concentration of the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is controlled to be 20-40 g/L; the ratio of the mass of the corn seeds to the volume of the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is 1: 30-50, wherein the proportional relation of the mass and the volume is the relation of g/mL;
(2) drying the soaked corn seeds until the water content is lower than 10%, and screening the seeds with the germination rate of 97% and the germination potential of more than 96% for later use;
(3) placing the dried corn seeds in a brown wide-mouth bottle for sealing and storing;
(4) storing the sealed brown wide-mouth bottle in a seed storehouse at the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity of below 50 percent;
the method also comprises the step of sterilizing the seed bank before the seeds are put in the bank, namely spraying or strip-hanging pesticide application sterilization is carried out by using 100 mg and 200 mg of 100 mg of dichlorvos missible oil per square meter, and the sterilization treatment is carried out after sealing for 72 hours.
2. The method for preserving corn germplasm resources according to claim 1, wherein in the step of sterilization treatment, after 72 hours of sealing, the seeds can be put in storage after at least 24 hours of ventilation.
3. The preservation method of maize germplasm resources of claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the step of drying the seeds comprises a natural drying method or a mechanical catalytic drying method.
4. The method for preserving corn germplasm resources as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step (4) further comprises the steps of subjecting the brown jar to high temperature, high pressure sterilization and drying.
5. The method for conservation of maize germplasm resources of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the steps of performing periodic checks during conservation of germplasm resources, and establishing a database of maize germplasm resources.
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| CN106717566A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 梁华 | The storage practice of rice paddy seed |
| CN108377691A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-10 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Corn seed room temperature overlength storage method |
| CN109511306A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-03-26 | 云南滇都种业有限公司 | A kind of store method of corn seed |
| CN111108845A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉世林福幸科技发展有限公司 | Preservation method for prolonging storage time of corn nutritional rice |
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