CN105408704A - Refrigeration device - Google Patents
Refrigeration device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105408704A CN105408704A CN201480042573.9A CN201480042573A CN105408704A CN 105408704 A CN105408704 A CN 105408704A CN 201480042573 A CN201480042573 A CN 201480042573A CN 105408704 A CN105408704 A CN 105408704A
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- Prior art keywords
- cold
- producing medium
- heat exchanger
- refrigerant
- accumulator
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/006—Fluid-circulation arrangements optical fluid control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/23—High amount of refrigerant in the system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/24—Low amount of refrigerant in the system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21162—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/02—Subcoolers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
A refrigeration device wherein a heat-source-side unit and a load-side unit are connected via liquid piping and gas piping, the heat-source-side unit having at least a compressor (1), a heat-source-side heat exchanger, a supercooling heat exchanger (5), and a liquid receiver (4), and the load-side unit having at least a load-side expansion means and a load-side heat exchanger. A refrigerant circuit is formed to circulate refrigerant in the compressor (1), the heat-source-side heat exchanger, the supercooling heat exchanger (5), the liquid receiver (4), the load-side expansion means, and the load-side heat exchanger. A sight glass (14) is provided to a side surface of the liquid receiver (4). The sight glass (14) is arranged at a position that enables confirmation of the position of the maximum liquid level (11) of the refrigerant in the liquid receiver (4) during operation throughout the year.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerating plant.
Background technology
In the past, in the refrigerating plant of the cooling of the showcase for supermarket, the cooling of cold store undertaken by unit cooler etc., showcase is mainly arranged on food sales field, but, its quantity, size, kind, configuration etc. are different because of shop, accordingly, the internal volume being configured in the evaporimeter in showcase is also different.In addition, the volume of the evaporimeter of unit cooler is also different because of kind etc., and this point too.In addition, received compressor, condenser, accumulator the setting place of refrigerator also different because of the structure in shop, such as, have and be arranged on the back side of food sales field or the situation on roof.For this reason, the distance of evaporimeter and compressor, condenser, accumulator changes because of the setting place of refrigerator, and gas extends pipe arrangement, liquid extends pipe arrangement etc. to extend the length of pipe arrangements also different.
Although the refrigerant amount that freeze cycle conforms in order to the internal volume of the performance need with freeze cycle that play regulation, but, if the length of the internal volume of evaporimeter or prolongation pipe arrangement is different, then necessary in freeze cycle refrigerant amount (hereinafter referred to necessary refrigerant amount) is also different.For this reason, the cold-producing medium of refrigerator is filled with (inclosure) at the scene after formation freeze cycle.In addition, the necessary refrigerant amount of freeze cycle is also different because of the state of freeze cycle, and the state of freeze cycle is also different because of the operating condition etc. of the load side equipment of outer temperature degree, showcase.For this reason, usually not by the impact of operating condition, when filling cold-producing medium, filling many, always to distribute necessary refrigerant amount to each constitution equipment such as condenser, evaporimeter.
Fig. 7 is the figure of an example of the refrigerant loop of the refrigerating plant represented in the past.
As the method judging refrigerant amount, as shown in Figure 7, hagioscope 17 is arranged on the liquid pipe arrangement in accumulator 4 downstream, in test running, when storehouse temperature (temperature by the object space of evaporator cools) be reduced to design temperature, running stabilize when, by the visual flash gas (bubble) confirmed in cold-producing medium.And proposing following method, that is, due to after flash gas disappears, is now do not have remaining refrigerant amount, so filling is the cold-producing medium of certain ratio relative to this refrigerant amount.In addition, this charging quantity changes residual refrigerant amount corresponding to the variation of the necessary refrigerant amount produced.This ratio is 5 ~ 10% relative to the refrigerant amount enclosed the moment disappeared to flash gas in the description of some producer, but, become the proprietary technology of each same dealer, if very few, then lack of refrigerant, cools bad, therefore, the situation being added by cold-producing medium many is more.
In addition, propose following method, that is, checked the cold-producing medium liquid level in accumulator by static capacity sensor, be residue by determining amount of refrigerant, suitable, not enough, calculate not enough refrigerant amount; And following method, that is, arrange hagioscope in accumulator side, people detects liquid level by visual, compares the relation of the refrigerant amount provided as data and liquid level position (highly), judge residue, suitable, not enough.And, propose following method, that is, calculate the refrigerant amount of remainder, insufficient section, if residue, then cold-producing medium is released, if not enough, then carry out filling (see patent document 1).
At first technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: No. 2997487th, Japan Patent (for example, see 2nd ~ 3 pages, Fig. 4)
Summary of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
Confirming in the method for flash gas by visual, at flash gas once disappear and liquid refrigerant when accumulating in accumulator, do not knowing that the refrigerant amount of in fact what kind of degree accumulates in accumulator.Even if be particularly filled with a large amount of refrigerant amounts mistakenly, can not confirm in accumulator, therefore, become the situation that remain the over packing state being filled with unnecessary cold-producing medium a lot.In addition, after creating the situation of refrigrant leakage in poor shape, maintenance because of equipment etc., equipment recovers normal, when again starting the running of refrigerator, when producing flash gas, unclear is that refrigerant amount in accumulator is just suitable, or the refrigerant amount in accumulator is abundant.For this reason, ground filling cold-producing medium of allowing some leeway, but, in the sufficient situation of the refrigerant amount in accumulator, as a result, be filled with unnecessary cold-producing medium, become cold-producing medium over packing.
When becoming cold-producing medium over packing, on the basis that cold-producing medium over packing part makes cost uprise, also produce shortcoming below.The liquid refrigerant quantitative change accumulated in condenser is many, and heat exchanger performance reduces, and high pressure rises.And COP reduces, consumes power increases, and in the worst case, the running of refrigerator stops because of High Abnormal Pressure.In addition, in poor shape etc. because of evaporimeter, refrigerator produce cold-producing medium do not evaporate but with liquid condition return return liquid when, usually, if residual refrigerant part is deposited in reservoir, then high-pressure side becomes lack of refrigerant, condensator outlet becomes two-phase state from liquid condition, therefore, the refrigerant flow passed through at expansion valve 6 reduces, and cold-producing medium is difficult to overflow from reservoir.On the other hand, if residual refrigerant is many, even if then reservoir is the full liquid of cold-producing medium, high-pressure side also can not become lack of refrigerant, and condensator outlet maintains liquid phase, and refrigerant flow does not reduce, even if having reservoir, liquid refrigerant also can overflow from reservoir.And the liquid refrigerant of this spilling returns compressor and sucks, exist compressor because of the oil concentration in compressor reduce, from compressor oil derivation etc. and there is the situation of breakage.
In addition, due to when be contemplated be filled with cold-producing medium, be necessary volume reservoir being set in order to infringement when reducing back liquid or increasing reservoir, so cost improves and the outer deformation of goods is large.In addition, because the fluid operated valve by making accumulator downstream, liquid electromagnetic valve are closed, cold-producing medium can be reclaimed in accumulator, so be necessary to make accumulator volume become large, cost improves and the outer deformation of goods is large.
In addition, in order to confirm flash gas, be necessary correspondingly hagioscope 17 to be arranged on the liquid pipe arrangement in accumulator 4 downstream with the size of liquid pipe arrangement as shown in FIG. 7, cost uprises.
In addition, when contingency cold-producing medium have leaked because of the not good grade of status of equipment, the infringement giving environment becomes large further.
In addition, be residue, suitable, not enough by determining amount of refrigerant by the static capacity sensor shown in patent document 1, and the method calculating not enough refrigerant amount is high cost, almost do not reach practical, this situation is present situation.In addition, can judge that suitable, residue, not enough hagioscope are arranged in the method for accumulator side, evaporimeter internal volume, extend in the significantly different refrigerator of the operating condition such as length, storehouse temperature of pipe arrangement, suitable, residue, not enough refrigerant amount are widely different at each refrigeration system.For this reason, for tackling the change of this refrigerant amount, need large hagioscope, but this being also unrealistic, even if implement, is also high cost.
The present invention is at least one and the invention made in the such problem in order to solve above, its objective is provide a kind of when can implement test running easily and suitably or refrigerating plant maintenance time refrigerant charge, the refrigerating plant of over packing can be suppressed.
For solving the means of problem
Refrigerating plant for the present invention is connected to through liquid pipe arrangement and gas pipe arrangement at least has compressor, heat source side heat exchanger, supercooling heat exchanger, the heat source side unit of accumulator and at least there is the load side unit of load side expansion member and load side heat exchanger, define and make cold-producing medium at described compressor, described heat source side heat exchanger, described supercooling heat exchanger, described accumulator, the refrigerant loop circulated in described load side expansion member and described load side heat exchanger, wherein, hagioscope is possessed in the side of described accumulator, it can be on the position that confirms of maximum cold-producing medium liquid level position in the whole year to the described accumulator in running that described hagioscope is arranged on.
The effect of invention
According to refrigerating plant for the present invention, because be configured to arrange the hagioscope that can confirm the cold-producing medium liquid level position of accumulator, this liquid level position represents the maximum cold-producing medium liquid level position in running, so, when can implement test running easily, rapidly and exactly or refrigerating plant maintenance time refrigerant charge, can over packing be suppressed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the figure of an example of the refrigerant loop of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Mollier line chart corresponding from different condensation temperatures of the refrigerating plant of embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the figure relative to liquor ratio in the accumulator of outer temperature degree of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the figure of an example of the hagioscope of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the figure of other example of the refrigerant loop of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the figure of an example of the hagioscope of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 2 for the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the figure of an example of the refrigerant loop of the refrigerating plant represented in the past.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described.In addition, the present invention is not by invention that embodiment described below limits.In addition, in accompanying drawing below, there is the situation that the magnitude relationship of each component parts is different from actual magnitude relationship.
Embodiment 1.
Fig. 1 is the figure of an example of the refrigerant loop of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Refrigerating plant about present embodiment 1 possesses outdoor unit 100 and indoor unit 200.
Outdoor unit 100 possesses compressor 1, condenser 3, accumulator 4 and supercooling heat exchanger 5.
In addition, in the downstream of supercooling heat exchanger 5, be branched to the injection stream 23 of the primary flow path 22 of the evaporimeter 7 of whereabouts indoor unit 200 and the injection tip 1a of whereabouts compressor 1, fluid operated valve 10 is set in primary flow path 22 side, expansion valve 8 is set in injection stream 23 side.In addition, indoor unit 200 is by utilizations such as showcase, unit coolers.
Indoor unit 200 possesses liquid electromagnetic valve 9, expansion valve 6 and evaporimeter 7.In addition, indoor unit 200 is connected with outdoor unit 100 by liquid prolongation pipe arrangement 18 and gas prolongation pipe arrangement 19.And, formed and make cold-producing medium successively at the refrigerant loop of compressor 1, condenser 3, accumulator 4, supercooling heat exchanger 5, expansion valve 6 and evaporimeter 7 circulation.
Extend pipe arrangement 18 and gas to condenser 3, accumulator 4, supercooling heat exchanger 5, evaporimeter 7, liquid to extend the refrigerant amount that pipe arrangement 19 distributes and determined by respective internal volume, performance and operating condition, the residual refrigerant after each constitution equipment being filled in the freeze cycle in the cold-producing medium of freeze cycle becomes appropriate refrigeration dosage is accumulated among accumulator 4.
Compressor 1 sucks cold-producing medium and by this refrigerant compression, becomes the parts of the state of HTHP.In addition, injection tip 1a is the port making cold-producing medium flow into the middle pressure of the discharge chambe in the compression way of compressor 1.Condenser 3 is carrying out heat exchange from omitting between the air of illustrated pressure fan supply and cold-producing medium, and by condensation of refrigerant, make it the parts becoming liquid refrigerant.
Accumulator 4 is configured between condenser 3 and evaporimeter 7, is the parts accumulating residual refrigerant.In addition, as long as accumulator 4 can accumulate the container of residual refrigerant.Supercooling heat exchanger 5 between air and cold-producing medium, carries out heat exchange and by overcooled for liquid refrigerant parts equally with condenser 3.Expansion valve 6,8 be cold-producing medium is reduced pressure and make it expand parts.This expansion valve 6,8 can by the parts that can control aperture changeably, such as, based on formations such as the cheap refrigerant flow adjustment means of the flow control member, capillary etc. of the precision of electronic expansion valve.
Evaporimeter 7 is carrying out heat exchange from omitting between the air of illustrated pressure fan supply and cold-producing medium, and cold-producing medium evaporation is made it the parts becoming gas refrigerant.The object spaces such as showcase are cooled by this evaporimeter 7.Whether liquid electromagnetic valve 9 makes cold-producing medium flow into the parts of the control of evaporimeter 7 by the opening and closing of electronic type.Fluid operated valve 10 is opening and closings of manually formula, cold-producing medium is flowed into or influent extends the parts of pipe arrangement 18.
In addition, judge whether the cold-producing medium being filled in refrigerant loop is filled with the determining amount of refrigerant component 20 of minimum necessary amount about the refrigerating plant of present embodiment 1 possesses.Determining amount of refrigerant component 20 such as can be made up of the microcomputer etc. on the control substrate being arranged on refrigerating plant.The temperature information checked by the 1st temperature sensor (TH5), the 2nd temperature sensor (TH8) and the 3rd temperature sensor (TH6) is inputted to this determining amount of refrigerant component 20.
1st temperature sensor (TH5), in the outlet side or condenser 3 of condenser 3, is arranged on the optional position of part to the stream of the entrance side of supercooling heat exchanger 5 becoming two-phase state from cold-producing medium, checks the temperature of cold-producing medium.
2nd temperature sensor (TH8) is arranged on the optional position from the outlet side of supercooling heat exchanger 5 to the stream of the entrance side of expansion valve 6, checks the temperature of cold-producing medium.
3rd temperature sensor (TH6) checks the temperature of the air before condenser 3 and cold-producing medium carry out heat exchange.
In addition, arrange the display part 21 of display result of determination and various information at determining amount of refrigerant component 20, this display part 21 is such as made up of 7 sections of LED etc.
In addition, when to refrigerant loop filling cold-producing medium, use and omit illustrated liquefied gas bottle.
Condenser 3, accumulator 4, liquid prolongation pipe arrangement 18, evaporimeter 7 and gas prolongation pipe arrangement 19 is mainly present at the cold-producing medium of refrigerant loop circulation.When cold-producing medium is gas phase, because temperature is higher, density is higher, so in the condenser 3 that gas phase is many, condensation temperature is higher, and cold-producing medium more accumulates in condenser 3.With regard to accumulator 4, gas phase is taken as the leading factor, and condensation temperature is higher, and cold-producing medium more accumulates in accumulator 4.In addition, when for liquid phase, because temperature is lower, density is higher, so fluid temperature is lower, cold-producing medium more accumulates in liquid and extends pipe arrangement 18.
Fig. 2 is the Mollier line chart corresponding from different condensation temperatures of the refrigerating plant of embodiment 1 for the present invention.In addition, the Tc in Fig. 2 represents condensation temperature, and Te represents evaporating temperature.
In the evaporator 7, although evaporated by the two-phase system cryogen of expansion valve 6 throttling, become gas phase, as shown in Figure 2, because condensation temperature is lower, the humidity after next-door neighbour's expansion valve 6 is larger, so a large amount of cold-producing mediums accumulates in evaporimeter 7.
Thus, the variation produced because of season of the necessary refrigerant amount of running refrigerating plant is a timing in evaporating temperature, the relativeness being extended pipe arrangement+evaporator capacity by condenser 3 volume, accumulator 4 volume and liquid is determined, if the ratio of condenser 3, accumulator 4 volume becomes large, then condensation temperature is higher, and necessary refrigerant amount is more, if the ratio that liquid extends pipe arrangement+evaporator capacity is larger, then condensation temperature is lower, and necessary refrigerant amount is more.
In addition, the necessary volume of accumulator 4 makes the fluid operated valve 10 in accumulator 4 downstream close owing to it may be necessary and can reclaim cold-producing medium in accumulator 4, so roughly being determined by volume condenser 3 volume and liquid being extended the addition of pipe arrangement 18 volume, is value below.
[formula 1]
Accumulator volume=(condenser volume+liquid extends pipe arrangement volume) × (125% ± 25%)
Fig. 3 is the figure relative to liquor ratio in the accumulator 4 of outer temperature degree of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.Fig. 4 is the figure of an example of the hagioscope 14 of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
According to condition, Fig. 3 represents how liquor ratio in accumulator 4 (volume ÷ accumulator 4 volume of the part that the liquid refrigerant in=accumulator 4 exists) changes because of outer gas variations in temperature.
The scope of application of the outer temperature degree of the surrounding of outdoor unit 100 is-15 ~ 43 DEG C.How refrigerant amount in graphical representation accumulator 4 changes according to the change of outer temperature degree.Usually, the volume of the volumetric ratio unit cooler of showcase is large.When the load of Fig. 3 is showcase, the condition lower curve figure of piping length 100m be the volume of load large, extend that pipe arrangement is long, the rate of change of liquor ratio is maximum example in accumulator 4 that the volume of condenser 3 and accumulator 4 is little.With regard to the maximum of the rate of change of liquor ratio in accumulator 4, refrigerant amount outside temperature degree 43 DEG C time be 22.7% of accumulator 4 volume, on the other hand, be 0.0% outside during temperature degree-15 DEG C, its amplitude of variation is 22.7%.
That is, during due to outer temperature degree 43 DEG C, necessary cold-producing medium is few, so residual refrigerant accumulates in catch box in a large number, during due to temperature degree-15 DEG C outside, necessary cold-producing medium is many, so residual refrigerant disappears, the cold-producing medium accumulated in catch box disappears.Outer temperature degree is lower, more there is the trend that necessary refrigerant amount increases, this is because compared with the variable quantity of condenser 3, accumulator 4 inner refrigerant amount, the variable quantity that liquid extends pipe arrangement+evaporator capacity inner refrigerant amount is large.The change of liquor ratio in accumulator is not had to be the air quantity of fan of manipulation condenser 3 because of what implement and condensation temperature is remained constant control outside during temperature degree less than 5 DEG C.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, hagioscope 14 is arranged on the side of accumulator 4, and be the position on the ground, leeway maximum 33.0% leaving about 10% relative to the maximum (above-mentioned 22.7%) of catch box inner refrigerant amount, the position of the cold-producing medium liquid level 11 of accumulator 4 can be confirmed, using this position as in the whole year being maximum cold-producing medium liquid level 11 position.Hagioscope 14 is arranged on the copper pipe arrangement 16 from the runner plate of accumulator 4, trunk.In addition, hagioscope 14 has the function determining whether moisture, makes and extends the measure-alike of pipe arrangement 18 or the size less than it with liquid.Or, also can be set directly at the shell of accumulator 4, but the cold-producing medium liquid level 11 in accumulator 4 is easily upset in the flowing of cold-producing medium, is difficult to confirm cold-producing medium liquid level 11.
Fig. 5 is the figure of other example of the refrigerant loop of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 1 for the present invention.
Indoor unit 100A and Fig. 1 is same, possess compressor 1, condenser 3, accumulator 4 and supercooling heat exchanger 5A, but supercooling heat exchanger 5A can be carried out the heat exchange of cold-producing medium and cold-producing medium by the dual pipe of heat-exchangers of the plate type, copper pipe.Be towards the injection stream 23 of the injection tip 1a of the primary flow path 22 of evaporimeter 7 and whereabouts compressor 1 in the downstream branch of supercooling heat exchanger 5A, in injection stream 23 side, according to expansion valve 8, being linked in sequence of supercooling heat exchanger 5A.
In addition, " outdoor unit 100 " is equivalent to " the heat source side unit " in the present invention.
In addition, " indoor unit 200 " is equivalent to " the load side unit " in the present invention.
In addition, " condenser 3 " is equivalent to " the heat source side heat exchanger " in the present invention.
In addition, " expansion valve 6 " is equivalent to " the load side expansion member " in the present invention.
In addition, " evaporimeter 7 " is equivalent to " the load side heat exchanger " in the present invention.
In addition, " liquid extends pipe arrangement 18 " is equivalent to " the liquid pipe arrangement " in the present invention.
In addition, " gas extends pipe arrangement 19 " is equivalent to " the gas pipe arrangement " in the present invention.
Then, according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, the flowing of the cold-producing medium of the refrigerating plant of embodiment 1 for the present invention is described.
From the gas refrigerant inflow condenser 3 of the HTHP that compressor 1 is discharged.The gas refrigerant flowing into the HTHP of condenser 3 carries out heat exchange with air and is condensed in condenser 3, becomes high pressure liquid refrigerant (liquid phase or two-phase state), is accumulated in accumulator 4.Accumulated in the high pressure liquid refrigerant of accumulator 4 further in supercooling heat exchanger 5 and air heat exchange, become by overcooled liquid refrigerant.
Here, when liquid refrigerant is appropriate amount by the refrigerant amount accumulating in accumulator 4 and only occur over just each constitution equipment except accumulator 4 of freeze cycle and creates residual refrigerant, when the short of refrigerant of each constitution equipment except accumulator 4, what accumulate in accumulator 4 is only gas refrigerant.
In addition, be depressurized as centre pressure to the cold-producing medium of the HTHP spraying stream 23 side branch at expansion valve 8 in the downstream of supercooling heat exchanger 5, after this, flow directly into the middle injection tip 1a pressed be connected with the discharge chambe in the compression way of compressor 1, accordingly, the discharge temperature of compressor 1 is made to reduce.
In addition, in the case of fig. 5, the cold-producing medium to the HTHP spraying stream 23 side branch is depressurized as centre pressure at expansion valve 8, after this, carries out heat exchange at supercooling heat exchanger 5 and high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant, flows into the injection tip 1a of compressor 1.
Determining amount of refrigerant component 20 in present embodiment 1 uses the temperature efficiency ε of supercooling heat exchanger 5, judge whether cold-producing medium is filled with minimum necessary amount (whether be that liquid refrigerant is accumulated in accumulator 4, the refrigerant charging of each constitution equipment except accumulator 4 of freeze cycle is filled with appropriate amount).The temperature efficiency ε of supercooling heat exchanger 5 is values that the degree of subcooling (condenser 3 outlet temperature TH5-supercooling heat exchanger 5 outlet temperature TH8) of the cold-producing medium in the outlet of supercooling heat exchanger 5 obtains divided by maximum temperature difference (the outer temperature degree TH6 of condenser 3 outlet temperature TH5-), represents with following (formula 1).Such as, when ε reaches 0.6, be judged to be filled with minimum necessary refrigerant amount.
[formula 2]
ε＝(TH5-TH8)÷(TH5-TH6)
(method of filling in coolant during test running)
Then, the concrete grammar of refrigerant charge during test running to the hagioscope 14 of the accumulator 4 employed shown in such temperature efficiency ε and Fig. 4 is described.
First, after vacuumizing in the loop implementing refrigerating plant, the state retrofilling cold-producing medium that refrigerating plant is being stopped.After this, simultaneously operate refrigerating plant, one side little by little filling cold-producing medium.Now, by utilizing the switch etc. on the control substrate of refrigerating plant to be configured to determining amount of refrigerant pattern, on the LED of substrate, showing cold-producing medium according to above-mentioned ε and whether being filled with minimum necessary amount.Such as, be more than 0.6, when cold-producing medium reaches minimum necessary amount in the value of ε, show O (pronunciation at LED
).
In addition, in the value of ε less than 0.6, when not reaching minimum necessary amount, show N at LED.Operating personnel one side confirm this display, one side implement refrigerant charge, LED display from N be changed to O (
) moment, with the refrigerant amount of the record such as note filling.The calculating of the refrigerant amount of filling is implemented by the quality of the liquefied gas bottle before metering filling and after filling usually.And, be changed to from the display of LED from N O (
) moment, the amount being after this filled with cold-producing medium becomes in accumulator 4 as the remaining refrigerant amount that liquid refrigerant accumulates.
After this, to a certain degree close to target temperature in refrigerating plant, after becoming the stable state of running, operating personnel's one side confirms the hagioscope 14 of accumulator 4 side, and one side little by little adds cold-producing medium until can confirm cold-producing medium liquid level 11 by hagioscope 14.Due to when confirming cold-producing medium liquid level 11 by hagioscope 14, refrigerant amount is in the position of 32.0% of accumulator 4 volume, so, even if the after this condition such as outer temperature degree change, there is not the situation that refrigerant amount becomes not enough state yet.
That is, be changed to from the display of LED from N O (
) moment, cold-producing medium is appended to and can confirms that the amount of cold-producing medium liquid level 11 becomes remaining cold-producing medium by the hagioscope 14 of accumulator 4 side.And, although due to outer temperature degree, evaporating temperature, operating frequency different because of season, cause necessary refrigerant amount change, be filled with the refrigerant amount of the part of this change.
In addition, owing to can confirm that the refrigerant amount of the moment filling of cold-producing medium liquid level 11 is enough by hagioscope 14, so, do not refill cold-producing medium.
In addition, if the display that the controller in refrigerator can be familiar with the LED of above-mentioned record is changed to the storehouse temperature such as read value, refrigeration, showcase of each portion sensors such as the outer temperature degree TH6 in the moment of O, the length extending pipe arrangement and load from N be the field data such as showcase or unit cooler, then add how many Kg cold-producing medium can calculate from the curve map of Fig. 3 or Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-132639 publication etc. after and the enough refrigerant amount whole year can be enclosed.This amount is presented at LED, if can enclose, then there is no need position cold-producing medium being sealing into hagioscope 14.Such as, implement cold-producing medium when the value of temperature degree TH6 is outside-15 DEG C when enclosing, additional refrigerant amount is 10% of accumulator 4 volume of substantial portion, shows this amount.In addition, when the value of outer temperature degree TH6 be 30 DEG C, extend that the length of pipe arrangement is 80m, load is showcase time, implement cold-producing medium when enclosing, additional refrigerant amount is the 12.1%+ substantial portion 10%=22.1% of accumulator 4 volume, shows this amount.
(method of filling in coolant during maintenance)
Then, the method for filling in coolant remained in a certain degree the cold-producing medium such as situation of maintenance goods under the state in refrigerant loop is described.
Operating personnel's one side operates refrigerating plant, and one side confirms the hagioscope 14 of accumulator 4 side.When liquid refrigerant can be confirmed, owing to comprising outer temperature degree, evaporating temperature, operating frequency, because of season, difference makes the part of necessary refrigerant amount change be filled with enough refrigerant amounts interiorly, so, there is no need to add cold-producing medium especially.Otherwise, when there is the possibility of filling cold-producing medium too much, reclaim cold-producing medium until cold-producing medium liquid level 11 can be confirmed.
In addition, when cold-producing medium liquid level 11 can not be confirmed, be configured to determining amount of refrigerant pattern by the switch etc. on the control substrate of refrigerating plant, confirm LED.When being shown as N, know it is the refrigerant amount of not enough minimum necessary refrigerant amount, cold-producing medium additional quantity needs many.Be shown as O (
) when, know owing to reaching minimum necessary refrigerant amount, so, by adding a small amount of cold-producing medium, comprise outer temperature degree, evaporating temperature, operating frequency because of season difference to make the part of necessary refrigerant amount change be filled with the possibility of enough refrigerant amounts interiorly high.Especially in the winter time wait outer temperature degree low when, know be shown as O (
) when, the possibility being filled with annual enough refrigerant amounts is high.
In addition, owing to being also enough at the refrigerant amount of the moment filling being confirmed cold-producing medium liquid level 11 by hagioscope 14 when keeping in repair, so, do not refill cold-producing medium.
Then, the method confirming with or without moisture in refrigerant loop by hagioscope 14 is described.
Implement to reclaim finding time of cold-producing medium in accumulator 4 by closing liquid magnetic valve 9 or fluid operated valve 10 in refrigerating plant running.Accordingly, the hagioscope 14 of accumulator 4 side becomes full liquid condition, can be confirmed in refrigerant loop with or without moisture by illustrated MI (moisture detector) by the omission being attached to hagioscope 14.
As mentioned above, can confirm that the hagioscope 14 of cold-producing medium liquid level 11 position of accumulator 4 and this liquid level position represent the structure of maximum cold-producing medium liquid level 11 position in running owing to making to arrange, so, when can implement test running easily, rapidly and exactly or refrigerating plant maintenance time refrigerant charge, can over packing be prevented.Thus, owing to becoming energy-conservation by suppressing high pressure to rise, and refrigerant charge amount can be made few, so the impact that can make to cause cost, environment, infringement diminish.And then, accumulator 4 can be made, omit illustrated reservoir, hagioscope 14 diminishes, can goods cost be reduced, make it compact.
In addition, by making the hagioscope 14 of accumulator 4 side and main liquid extend the measure-alike or less than it of pipe arrangement 18, and with MI (moisture detector), goods cost can be reduced, and can confirm in cold-producing medium with or without moisture.For this reason, the undesirable condition such as spill port blocking of the reservoir can prevent the burn into being mixed into the refrigerant loop part produced in refrigerant loop because of moisture from getting rusty, manufacturing because of embacle, can improve reliability.
In addition, when hagioscope 14 is taken out by copper pipe arrangement 16 from the runner plate of accumulator 4, trunk and is not set directly at accumulator 4, cold-producing medium liquid level 11 can be made to stablize, make the confirmation with or without cold-producing medium liquid level 11 become easy.
Embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the figure of an example of the hagioscope 14,15 of the refrigerating plant representing embodiment 2 for the present invention.
In addition, in present embodiment 2, by with the difference of present embodiment 1 centered by be described, identical symbol is marked to the part identical with present embodiment 1, omits the description.
In embodiment 2, the change in location that to make in the whole year be maximum cold-producing medium liquid level 11 according to season, outer temperature degree, high pressure etc. is confirmed that the situation of refrigerant charge amount is described.
In the winter time etc., when refrigerant charge operation China and foreign countries temperature degree is low, if filling cold-producing medium until the LED controlling substrate from N become O (
) after, cold-producing medium liquid level 11 can be confirmed by hagioscope 14, then there is the situation exceeding filling cold-producing medium necessarily.Therefore, the refrigerant amount of additional filling also can be changed according to high pressure when outer temperature degree or refrigerator running.
That is, as shown in Figure 3, the length that the refrigerant amount in accumulator 4 changes maximum prolongation pipe arrangement is 100m, and when showcase is load, the minimizing of accumulator 4 inner refrigerant amount outer temperature degree varies to-15 DEG C from 30 DEG C is 12.1%.For this reason, when temperature degree 32 DEG C outside by test run transfer implement cold-producing medium adjustment when, LED from N become O (
) after additional filling refrigerant amount also can be 12.1%+ substantial portion 10%=22.1%.
Therefore, as temperature degree outside lower than the countermeasure of carrying out the situation of refrigerant charge operation when 30 DEG C, as shown in Figure 6, hagioscope (summer confirm with) 15 is set in the position of 22.1% (=12.1%+ substantial portion 10%), using this position as outer temperature degree lower than cold-producing medium liquid level 12 position when 30 DEG C.That is, relative to the position of the hagioscope 14 of embodiment 1, in embodiment 2, add hagioscope (temperature degree uses lower than when 30 DEG C outside) 15, confirm cold-producing medium liquid level 11,12 by 2 hagioscopes.
So, when can implement test running more accurately than embodiment 1 or the maintenance of refrigerating plant time refrigerant charge, can over packing be prevented.Thus, owing to becoming energy-conservation by suppressing high pressure to rise, and refrigerant charge quantitative change can be made few, so the impact that can make to cause cost, environment, infringement diminish.And then, accumulator 4, reservoir, hagioscope 14,15 can be made to diminish, goods cost can be reduced, make it compact.
Symbol description
1: compressor; 1a: injection tip; 3: condenser; 4: accumulator; 5: supercooling heat exchanger; 6: expansion valve; 7: evaporimeter; 8: expansion valve; 9: liquid electromagnetic valve; 10: fluid operated valve; 11: cold-producing medium liquid level; 12: cold-producing medium liquid level (summer); 14: hagioscope; 15: hagioscope (summer confirms to use); 16: copper pipe arrangement; 17: hagioscope; 18: liquid extends pipe arrangement; 19: gas extends pipe arrangement; 20: determining amount of refrigerant component; 21: display part; 22: primary flow path; 23: spray stream; 100: outdoor unit; 100A: outdoor unit; 100B: outdoor unit; 200: indoor unit; 200A: indoor unit; 200B: indoor unit.
Claims (9)
1. a refrigerating plant, described refrigerating plant through liquid pipe arrangement and gas pipe arrangement be connected at least have compressor, heat source side heat exchanger, supercooling heat exchanger, accumulator heat source side unit and at least there is the load side unit of load side expansion member and load side heat exchanger
Define the refrigerant loop that cold-producing medium is circulated in described compressor, described heat source side heat exchanger, described supercooling heat exchanger, described accumulator, described load side expansion member and described load side heat exchanger,
It is characterized in that,
Hagioscope is possessed in the side of described accumulator,
It can be on the position that confirms of maximum cold-producing medium liquid level position in the whole year to the described accumulator in running that described hagioscope is arranged on.
2. refrigerating plant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
The volume of described accumulator is defined in the scope of 125% ± 25% of the volume of described heat source side heat exchanger and the volume sum of described liquid pipe arrangement.
3. refrigerating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described hagioscope is arranged on the position that can confirm the cold-producing medium liquid level position of cold-producing medium less than 33% of the volume of described accumulator time.
4. the refrigerating plant as described in any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that,
On the position that can confirm most high liquid level (HLL) position when defining outer temperature degree, be also provided with hagioscope described at least one.
5. the refrigerating plant as described in any one in Claims 1-4, is characterized in that,
Possess and judge whether the cold-producing medium being filled in described refrigerant loop has been filled with the determining amount of refrigerant component of the amount of non-brake method agent deficiency.
6. refrigerating plant as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
Possess the 1st temperature sensor, the 2nd temperature sensor and outer gas temperature sensor,
Described 1st temperature sensor is arranged on from the outlet side of described heat source side heat exchanger to the optional position of the stream of the entrance side of described supercooling heat exchanger, detects the temperature of described cold-producing medium,
Described 2nd temperature sensor is arranged on from the outlet side of described supercooling heat exchanger to the optional position of the stream of the entrance side of described load side expansion member, detects the temperature of described cold-producing medium,
Described outer gas temperature sensor detects the temperature of carrying out the air of heat exchange at described heat source side heat exchanger and described cold-producing medium,
Described determining amount of refrigerant component
According to the temperature difference of the detected temperatures of described 1st temperature sensor and the detected temperatures of described 2nd temperature sensor, obtain degree of subcooling,
According to the temperature difference of the detected temperatures of described 1st temperature sensor and the detected temperatures of described outer gas temperature sensor, obtain the maximum temperature difference of described supercooling heat exchanger.
7. the refrigerating plant as described in claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that,
Described determining amount of refrigerant component possesses display part,
The result of determination whether cold-producing medium being filled in described refrigerant loop has been filled with the amount of non-brake method agent deficiency is shown at described display part.
8. refrigerating plant as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that,
Described display part is made up of 7 sections of LED.
9. the refrigerating plant as described in any one in claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that,
Described hagioscope is with moisture audit function.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2014/051690 WO2015111222A1 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2014-01-27 | Refrigeration device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105408704A true CN105408704A (en) | 2016-03-16 |
| CN105408704B CN105408704B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480042573.9A Active CN105408704B (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2014-01-27 | Refrigerating plant |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2015111222A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105408704B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015111222A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110763273A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 无锡纽思铁科能源科技有限公司 | Ice plug forming process detection device |
| CN113614473A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-11-05 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Outdoor unit and refrigeration cycle device provided with same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6605131B2 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2019-11-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Refrigeration equipment |
| US11085683B2 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2021-08-10 | Emerson Climate Technologies Retail Solutions, Inc. | Systems and methods for optical detection of refrigeration system abnormalities |
| US11988428B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2024-05-21 | Carrier Corporation | Low refrigerant charge detection in transport refrigeration system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2015111222A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
| WO2015111222A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
| CN105408704B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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