CN105406026A - Rechargeable lithium ion battery based on lithium metal phosphate - Google Patents
Rechargeable lithium ion battery based on lithium metal phosphate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105406026A CN105406026A CN201410428130.5A CN201410428130A CN105406026A CN 105406026 A CN105406026 A CN 105406026A CN 201410428130 A CN201410428130 A CN 201410428130A CN 105406026 A CN105406026 A CN 105406026A
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- lithium
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel rechargeable lithium ion battery including an anode piece, a cathode piece, a separating film, and electrolyte. Both the anode piece and the cathode piece comprise LiFePO4 or LiFe<1-x>MxPO4, a conductive carbon material, and an adhesive, wherein M is one or more selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg and Zn; x is no less than 0 and no more than 0.8; and the mass ratio of LiFePO4 or LiFe<1-x>MxPO4 to the conductive carbon material to the adhesive is 98-70%:0.5-20%:1-10%. Before battery assembling, the cathode piece may or may not be subjected to pre-doping of lithium. After being tested, the battery has the reversible capacity (taking an anode as a standard) more than 130 mAhg-1, a voltage of a main discharge plateau in a range of 3.2-1.8 V, and an average discharge voltage of 2.5V. The battery is moderate in capacity, high in safety, and good in cycling performance, and can widely replace a 2.5V battery, such as a disposable MnO2/Li battery, in a current market.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium ion battery, particularly relate to a kind of rechargeable lithium ion batteries based on metal tripolyphosphate lithium salts (full battery) and manufacture method thereof.
Technical background
As a kind of novel anode material for lithium-ion batteries, metal tripolyphosphate lithium salts homologue particularly LiFePO
4get the attention and further investigate (A.K.Padhi, K.S.Nanjundaswarmy, J.B.Goodenough, J.Electrochem.Soc.144 (1997) 1184).LiFePO
4have the theoretical capacity of 170mAh/g, actual capacity can more than 160mAh/g, than commercial LiCoO
2want high, discharge platform is about 3.4V, compares LiCoO
2slightly low.Its raw material sources is extensive, and with low cost, fail safe is high, environmentally friendly, is particularly suitable for the electrokinetic cells such as various high-power electric appliance battery and automobile.But its shortcoming is: electronic conductivity is lower by (~ 10
-9s/cm), under normal temperature, heavy-current discharge performance is very poor.By adding easy conductive thing as carbon black, ruthenium-oxide, or it is coated to carry out RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON to material, and carry out metal ion mixing, synthesis of nano particle etc. greatly can alleviate the impact of low conductivity.
LiFePO
4be widely studied as positive electrode, but but very rare for the research of its negative pole storage lithium performance.Because the chemical valence of wherein Fe is divalence, Fe
2+/ Fe
0electricity has the advantages that to be continued reduction by lithium to making it, thus can be used as negative material.
The research of the people such as Kalaiselvi shows, LiFePO
4in 0-3V circulation, discharge capacity can reach 620mAhg first
-1, charging capacity is about 400mAhg
-1; After 20 circulations, capacity can be stabilized in 300mAhg
-1(N.Kalaiselvi, C.H.Doh, C.W.Park, S.I.Moon, M.S.Yun, Electrochem.Commun.6 (2004) 1110).If Fe position doping 2% Cu or Sn and to carry out carbon coated, the LiFe of gained
0.98cu
0.02pO
4/ C and LiFe
0.98sn
0.02pO
4/ C material list reveals higher negative pole reversible capacity and better cycle performance.Between 0-3V, LiFe
0.98sn
0.02pO
4/ C material capacity after 30 circulations still keeps 400mAhg
-1, and coulombic efficiency is close to 100% (N.Jayaprakash, N.Kalaiselvi, Electrochem.Commun.9 (2007) 620 – 628).
Consider LiFePO
4material has the feature of positive and negative pole material concurrently simultaneously, and the present invention proposes a kind of electric lithium ion battery based on this metal tripolyphosphate lithium salts of meter (full battery).
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of new type lithium ion rechargeable battery and manufacture method thereof.This new type lithium ion rechargeable battery has the average discharge volt of 2.5V, moderate capacity, high security and stable cycle performance.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery, and it comprises anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte; Wherein:
(1) described anode pole piece comprises LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive, wherein, M be selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg and Zn one or more, and 0.8>=X>=0;
Wherein, LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive mass ratio be 98-70%:0.5-20%:1-10%;
(2) described cathode pole piece comprises LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive, wherein, M be selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg and Zn one or more, and 0.8>=X>=0;
Wherein, LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive mass ratio be 98-70%:0.5-20%:1-10%.
In one embodiment of the present invention, described anode pole piece and cathode pole piece have identical or different material.
In one embodiment of the present invention, described adhesive be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and butadiene-styrene latex (SBR) derivative one or more.
In one embodiment of the present invention, described conductive carbon material be selected from graphite, acetylene black, carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, carbon black and superconduction carbon black SuperP one or more.
In a preferred embodiment, described conductive carbon material is superconduction carbon black SuperP.
In one embodiment of the present invention, described cathode pole piece first carries out the pre-doping of lithium before being assembled into lithium ion battery.
Specifically, the feature of lithium ion battery of the present invention is: adopt phosphate metal lithium salts LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4(wherein, M is one or more in Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg, Zn, and 0.8>=X>=0) simultaneously as the positive pole of battery and the active material of negative pole.In the present invention, both positive and negative polarity is by LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive mixture composition.Wherein, negative pole can carry out the pre-doping of lithium, makes electrode activation and eliminates irreversible capacity loss.In the present invention, also this pre-doping can not be carried out.In the present invention, positive pole is without the need to carrying out this pre-doping step.
In the present invention, the capacity of described new type lithium ion rechargeable battery between 3.2-1.8V can more than 130mAhg
-1, and show excellent cycle performance.
On the other hand, the invention provides the manufacture method of described lithium ion chargeable battery, described method comprises:
(1) by positive active material LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4(wherein, M is one or more in Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg, Zn, and 0.8>=X>=0), conductive agent (such as, conductive carbon material) and adhesive mix in a solvent, obtain uniform slurry;
Then slurry is coated on metal collector aluminium foil, drying, roll-in, the operation such as cuts and obtain anode pole piece; In pole piece, the quality accounting of various material is respectively: positive active material 70-98%, conductive agent 0.5-20%, and adhesive 1-10%.
Wherein, described conductive carbon material is selected from one or more of graphite, acetylene black, carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, carbon black or superconduction carbon black SuperP, described adhesive be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, Kynoar, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and butadiene-styrene latex derivative one or more; Described solvent is selected from but is not limited to deionized water, ethanol, acetone, hexane, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE;
(2) by negative electrode active material LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4mix in (wherein, M is one or more in Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg, Zn, and 0.8>=X>=0), conductive agent (such as, conductive carbon material) and adhesive mixed solvent, obtain uniform slurry;
Then slurry is coated on metal collector Copper Foil, drying, roll-in, the operation such as cuts and obtain anode pole piece; In pole piece, the quality accounting of various material is respectively: negative electrode active material 70-98%, conductive agent 0.5-20%, and adhesive 1-10%.
Wherein, described conductive carbon material is selected from one or more of graphite, acetylene black, carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, carbon black or superconduction carbon black SuperP, described adhesive be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, Kynoar and butadiene-styrene latex derivative one or more; Described solvent is selected from but is not limited to deionized water, ethanol, acetone, hexane, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE;
(3) use the microporous membrane that is selected from high molecular polymer as the barrier film of lithium ion chargeable battery, wherein, high molecular polymer microporous membrane comprises polypropylene microporous film or polypropylene and poly composite membrane;
(4) electrolyte of mixed solution as lithium ion chargeable battery of carbonate solvent and lithium salts is used, wherein, described carbonate solvent is that this area is conventional, include but not limited in ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), propene carbonate (PC) one or more, described lithium salts is that this area is conventional, includes but not limited to LiClO
4, LiPF
6and LiPF
5sO
3in one or more.
In the present invention, the operation principle of described lithium ion chargeable battery is:
Positive pole reacts: 2LiFePO
4→ 2FePO
4+ 2Li
++ 2e
-
Negative reaction: LiFePO
4+ 2Li
++ 2e
-→ Li
3pO
4+ Fe
Battery overall reaction: 2LiFePO
4(positive pole)+LiFePO
4(negative pole)
2FePO
4+ Li
3pO
4+ Fe
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical advantage:
(1) both positive and negative polarity of described lithium ion chargeable battery all adopts the phosphate system of olivine structural, is the further expansion of conventional lithium ion battery;
(2) raw material sources of described lithium ion chargeable battery is extensive, cheap, fail safe is good, cost of manufacture is low and nontoxic pollution-free, is excellent environmental protection battery;
(3) specific discharge capacity of described lithium ion chargeable battery is high, >130mAhg
-1, and cycle performance is excellent;
(4) voltage of described lithium ion chargeable battery is at about 2.5V, can substitute current lithium metal manganese dioxide battery;
(5) because negative pole adopts the phosphate of olivine structural to replace lithium metal and material with carbon element, the appearance of the high active substance such as Li dendrite and graphite lithium intercalation compound is avoided in cyclic process kind, substantially increase its security performance, be particularly suitable for the use under adverse circumstances.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be in one embodiment of the present invention cathode pole piece through the charging and discharging curve of the lithium ion battery of lithium pre-doping: wherein, positive electrode active materials is LiFePO
4, negative active core-shell material is LiFe
0.98cu
0.02pO
4, voltage range is 4.0-1.0V, and charging and discharging currents is 15mAg
-1, measuring tempeature 25 DEG C.
Fig. 2 be in one embodiment of the present invention cathode pole piece through the differential curve of the charging and discharging curve of the lithium ion battery of lithium pre-doping: wherein, positive electrode active materials is LiFePO
4, negative active core-shell material is LiFe
0.98cu
0.02pO
4.
Fig. 3 be in one embodiment of the present invention cathode pole piece respectively through the discharge capacity figure of 20 weeks before lithium pre-doping, unadulterated lithium ion battery: wherein, positive electrode active materials is LiFePO
4, negative active core-shell material is LiFe
0.98cu
0.02pO
4.
Embodiment
In order to clearer explanation the present invention, enumerate following examples.But it should be noted that following examples only for exemplary illustration the present invention, not intended limitation protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
Embodiment 1
Take 8.5gLiFePO respectively
4, 1g acetylene black and 0.5g polytetrafluoroethylene.Carry out ultrasonic disperse with absolute ethyl alcohol, then grinding, compressing tablet, punching become anode pole piece, and vacuum, at 120 DEG C dry more than 12 hours, for subsequent use.
Take 8gLiFe
0.98cu
0.02pO
4, 1g acetylene black and 1g polytetrafluoroethylene.The method identical by anode pole piece makes cathode pole piece.
Before assembled battery, cathode pole piece first carries out the process of lithium pre-doping: cathode pole piece and metal lithium sheet are put together, keeps close contact 1-7 days.
Cathode pole piece after activation, is equipped with anode pole piece, is assembled into battery.Wherein, electrolyte is for containing 1moll
-1liPF
6eC/DMC solution; Barrier film is polypropylene microporous film.
In the present embodiment, the battery of assembling carries out charge and discharge cycles between 1.0 ~ 4.0V.With the quality of positive active material for benchmark, first discharge specific capacity 137mAhg
-1, the specific capacity after 20 times that circulates keeps 126mAhg
-1.
Embodiment 2
Take 9.0gLiFe respectively
0.9mn
0.1pO
4, 0.5g acetylene black and 0.5g polyvinylidene fluoride.Carry out ultrasonic disperse with N-dimethyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and stir, then slurry being coated in as anode pole piece on Al paper tinsel, vacuum, at 120 DEG C dry more than 12 hours, for subsequent use.
Take 9.8gLiFe
0.9mn
0.1pO
4, 0.05g acetylene black and 0.15g butadiene-styrene latex or sodium carboxymethylcellulose, uses water as dispersant and prepare uniform slurry, and above slurry is coated to Cu paper tinsel, method makes cathode pole piece, for subsequent use after vacuumize.
Cathode pole piece carries out lithium doping in advance by the method for embodiment 1, and then assembled battery.
In the present embodiment, the battery of assembling carries out charge and discharge cycles between 1.0 ~ 4.0V.With the quality of positive active material for benchmark, the specific capacity after 20 times that circulates keeps 127mAhg
-1.
Embodiment 3
Take 7gLiFe respectively
0.99ti
0.01pO
4, 2g acetylene black and 1g polyvinylidene fluoride.Carry out ultrasonic disperse with N-dimethyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and stir, then slurry being coated in as anode pole piece on Al paper tinsel, vacuum, at 120 DEG C dry more than 12 hours for subsequent use.
Take 9.5gLiFe
0.8ni
0.05mn
0.1co
0.05pO
4, 0.1g acetylene black and 0.4g polytetrafluoroethylene, the method identical by anode pole piece makes cathode pole piece.Cathode pole piece does not carry out lithium doping in advance.
By embodiment 1 method assembled battery and test, its specific capacity remains 116mAhg
-1.
Embodiment 4
Take 7.5gLiFePO respectively
4, 1.5g acetylene black and 1.0g polytetrafluoroethylene.Carry out ultrasonic disperse with absolute ethyl alcohol, then grind stirring and obtain uniform slurry, then slurry is coated in nickel foam as anode pole piece.Vacuum, at 80 DEG C dry more than 1 hour for subsequent use.
Take 8gLiFe
0.5mn
0.5pO4,2g acetylene black and 1g polytetrafluoroethylene.The method identical by anode pole piece makes cathode pole piece, and cathode pole piece does not carry out lithium doping in advance.
The proportioning of adjustment both positive and negative polarity pole piece active material, by embodiment 1 method assembled battery and test, its specific capacity remains 126mAhg
-1.
Claims (8)
1. a lithium ion battery, it comprises anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte; Wherein,
(1) described anode pole piece comprises LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive, wherein, M be selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg and Zn one or more, and 0.8>=X>=0, wherein, LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive mass ratio be 98-70%:0.5-20%:1-10%;
(2) described cathode pole piece comprises LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive, wherein, M be selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Zr, Ti, Nb, Cu, Mg and Zn one or more, and 0.8>=X>=0, wherein, LiFePO
4or LiFe
1-xm
xpO
4, conductive carbon material and adhesive mass ratio be 98-70%:0.5-20%:1-10%.
2. lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anode pole piece and cathode pole piece comprise identical or different material.
3. the lithium ion battery as described in any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that, described adhesive be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, Kynoar, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, butadiene-styrene latex one or more.
4. the lithium ion battery as described in any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that, described conductive carbon material be selected from graphite, acetylene black, carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, carbon black and superconduction carbon black SuperP one or more.
5. lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described conductive carbon material is superconduction carbon black SuperP.
6. the lithium ion battery as described in any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that, described cathode pole piece first carries out the pre-doping of lithium before being assembled into lithium ion battery.
7. the lithium ion battery as described in any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that, described cathode pole piece does not adulterate before being assembled into lithium ion battery, and direct-assembling becomes battery.
8. the lithium ion battery as described in any one of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that, described electrolyte comprises the mixed solution of carbonate solvent and lithium salts, wherein, described carbonate solvent comprises one or more of ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and propene carbonate, and described lithium salts comprises LiClO
4, LiPF
6and LiPF
5sO
3in one or more.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201410428130.5A CN105406026A (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2014-08-27 | Rechargeable lithium ion battery based on lithium metal phosphate |
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---|---|---|---|
CN201410428130.5A CN105406026A (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2014-08-27 | Rechargeable lithium ion battery based on lithium metal phosphate |
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Family
ID=55471391
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005158719A (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-16 | Yuasa Corp | Lithium ion secondary battery |
CN1960040A (en) * | 2006-09-25 | 2007-05-09 | 广州市鹏辉电池有限公司 | High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, and preparation technique |
-
2014
- 2014-08-27 CN CN201410428130.5A patent/CN105406026A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005158719A (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-16 | Yuasa Corp | Lithium ion secondary battery |
CN1960040A (en) * | 2006-09-25 | 2007-05-09 | 广州市鹏辉电池有限公司 | High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, and preparation technique |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
N. JAYAPRAKASH等: "On the electrochemical behavior of LiMXFe1-XPO4 [M = Cu, Sn;X = 0.02] anodes – An approach to enhance the anode performance of LiFePO4 material", 《ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS》 * |
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Address after: 215635 No. 28, Qinghai Road, Yangzi International Chemical Industrial Park, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, Jiangsu Applicant after: HSC Corporation Address before: 215635, Qinghai Road, Jiangsu Yangtze River International Chemical Industry Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Zhangjiagang 28 Applicant before: Jiangsu Huasheng Chemicals Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20160316 |