CN105405349B - A kind of teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course - Google Patents
A kind of teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course Download PDFInfo
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- CN105405349B CN105405349B CN201510918674.4A CN201510918674A CN105405349B CN 105405349 B CN105405349 B CN 105405349B CN 201510918674 A CN201510918674 A CN 201510918674A CN 105405349 B CN105405349 B CN 105405349B
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course, this method includes the teaching procedure based on hydraulic steering system teaching bench and multimedia courseware and the teaching procedure based on hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand and multimedia courseware；Wherein：Included using deployable instructional item in the teaching step of hydraulic steering system teaching bench combination Multimedia Courseware on Teaching：The cognition of hydraulic steering system, the structure of constituent system components and theory teaching, the general maintenance inspection of hydraulic steering system, system debug real training and troubleshooting real training；Included using deployable instructional item in the teaching step of hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination Multimedia Courseware on Teaching：The culture of learning interest, the teaching of hydraulic steering gear theory of constitution and the assembling of hydraulic steering gear, impart knowledge to students with flow relation.This method can deepen understanding of the student to relevant knowledge, promote book knowledge to skill transformation of energy is put into practice, and be conducive to improve the quality of instruction of hydraulic steering system course.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system correlated curriculum.
Background technology
Hydraulic power steering apparatus can be divided into two kinds of hydraulic booster type and all-hydraulic type, and it is light that the former is mainly used in car class
Type vehicle, the latter are mainly used in Engineering heavy vehicle.Difference lies in the connection pass between input terminal and output terminal for the two
System：Have mechanically contact is called hydraulic booster type, and what is do not mechanically connected is called all-hydraulic type.Hydraulic steering gear is as steering system
The core component of system, due to its parts it is more, it is complicated and as fluid-link steering course teaching difficult point.In current liquid
Press in steering teaching practice, teacher is typically all first to be carried out according to the installation diagram and corresponding explanatory note taught on book
Theory explaination, then arranges student to practise to workshop again, by watching and practical operation, training student put into practice technical ability.
In this traditional teaching method, teacher can not be to the assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear, internal flow distribution relation and system operation
Mechanism carry out directly perceived, thorough explanation, can not also pass through classroom real training culture while knowwhy is introduced to student
The real work technical ability such as raw assembling is disassembled, system debug, troubleshooting, system maintenance.Furthermore since knowwhy is excessively withered
It is dry, tasteless, it is difficult to remember, student in classroom learning, often not enough concentrate by notice, cause student the later stage practical teaching
Link or after working, often occur while put into practice, while work, the phenomenon of side flipbook.
The content of the invention
Explanation to difficult point is not directly perceived enough in imparting knowledge to students for hydraulic steering system, thorough and theory and practice seriously disconnects
The problem of, the present invention provides a kind of teaching combining theory with practice method, this method is by hydraulic steering system teaching bench, hydraulic pressure
The technological means such as steering assembly showing stand and 3D modeling, design of Simulation, can effective training student learning interest, deepen
Understanding of the student to relevant knowledge, promotes book knowledge to skill transformation of energy is put into practice, and is conducive to improve hydraulic steering system course
Quality of instruction.
Teaching combining theory with practice method provided by the invention realizes its teaching purpose using following technical proposals：
A kind of teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course, this method include：Utilize hydraulic steering system
Teaching bench combination multimedia courseware carries out the teaching link of hydraulic steering system teaching；Hydraulic steering system teaching bench includes
Frame body, be used to support and several wheels of movable support body and the hydraulic steering system being arranged on frame body；The fluid-link steering
System can receive the input of steering force and output hydraulic pressure power；Multimedia courseware includes PPT coursewares, the 3D moulds of hydraulic steering gear
Entrucking test run fault in-situ video after type, hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and the assembling of hydraulic steering gear mistake.
Further, teaching combining theory with practice method provided by the invention, which further includes, utilizes hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand
The teaching link of hydraulic steering gear teaching is carried out with reference to multimedia courseware；The hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand includes supporting rack
With each building block of hydraulic steering gear being placed in by assembly relation (certain order) on supporting rack.
Further, in teaching combining theory with practice method provided by the invention, the multimedia courseware further includes hydraulic rotation
Dismounting video, the photo of each building block of hydraulic steering gear, hydraulic steering gear to device match somebody with somebody assembly profile, the hydraulic pressure of flow relation
Steering teaching bench operation instructions and hydraulic steering gear mistake turn the entrucking test run fault in-situ video after matching somebody with somebody.Entrucking
Test run fault in-situ video shows that hydraulic steering gear mistake turns, with rear caused serious consequence, to have in the form of shaking to student
Help the learning interest of training student, cause enough attention of the student to the correct assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear.
Further, it is provided with explosive view in the 3D models of hydraulic steering gear, it is each on hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand
Putting for a building block is sequentially consistent with explosive view.
Further, in teaching combining theory with practice method provided by the invention, the hydraulic steering system teaching bench is
Fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench, the hydraulic steering system in rack is fully hydraulic servo steering, this is all-hydraulic
Power steering system includes fuel tank, motor, hydraulic pump, hydraulic steering gear, steering wheel, steering spindle and at least one hydraulic cylinder；
The fuel tank is used to store hydraulic oil；The hydraulic pump is used for realization the conveying of hydraulic oil；The motor is used to drive hydraulic pump；
The hydraulic cylinder is used for output hydraulic pressure power；One end of the steering spindle is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear, and the other end is fixedly connected
To steering wheel；The hydraulic steering gear includes to form with measure motor when hydraulic steering valve, measure motor and manual steering
The check valve in circuit, the measure motor are used for driving hydraulic cylinder when the metering and manual steering of hydraulic oil；The fluid-link steering
Valve is used to configure different oil circuit according to the input of the steering force of the steering wheel for hydraulic oil so that hydraulic oil be transported to it is described
The different cavitys of hydraulic cylinder, while be the oil circuit of the hydraulic oil configuration return fuel tank from hydraulic cylinder.
Further, hydraulic steering system teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering system teaching bench combination multimedia courseware
Teaching link includes the following steps：Instruct student to recognize hydraulic steering system, intuitively liquid is shown to student using teaching bench
Composition, liquid stream trend, the pipeline of steering is pressed to connect；Student is instructed to carry out the general maintenance inspection of hydraulic steering system, profit
The general maintenance inspection item of hydraulic steering system is introduced to student with teaching bench, the general maintenance inspection item includes liquid
The inspection of pressure oil fuel level in tank, driving belt rate of tension inspection adjustment, hydraulic pressure filter element replacing, hydraulic oil replacement, system leak inspection；Refer to
Lead student and carry out system debug real training, disassemble teaching bench and carry out the connection of hydraulic steering system system, system pressure debugging real training；
Instruct student to carry out troubleshooting real training, most common failure is set on teaching bench, and the troubleshooting capabilities of training student are described
Most common failure is unable to output pressure, hydraulic cylinder extension including pipeline misconnection, fuel feeding failure, noise failure, loading error, hydraulic pump
Direction sends vortex noise with original opposite, driving motor；Student is instructed to carry out the structure of constituent system components, principle study,
With reference to the PPT coursewares, the 3D models of hydraulic steering gear, hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles to match with teaching bench
Entrucking test run fault in-situ video after being assembled with hydraulic steering gear mistake, carries out hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic steering gear structure
Theory teaching and assembling, disassemble teaching.
Further, showing for hydraulic steering gear teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware
Religion link includes the following steps：Entrucking test run fault in-situ video after being assembled by hydraulic steering gear mistake is in the form of shaking
Show that hydraulic steering gear mistake turns with rear caused serious consequence to student, the learning interest of training student, causes student couple
The enough attention of the correct assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear；Carry out hydraulic steering gear composition, theory teaching, it is total using hydraulic steering gear
Into showing stand, hydraulic steering gear 3D explosive views, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video, each building block of hydraulic steering gear photo to
Member introduces the basic composition of hydraulic steering gear and function, structure and the principle of each building block；Carry out hydraulic steering gear assembling, match somebody with somebody
Flow relation is imparted knowledge to students, and utilizes hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video, hydraulic steering gear 3D models, hydraulic pressure
The CAD profiles of steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and each building block of hydraulic steering gear, hydraulic pressure is introduced all-sidely to student
The assembling of steering gear, virtually disassembled and to fluid-link steering with flow relation, and by the 3D models to hydraulic steering gear repeatedly
Spool, valve pocket in device assembly relation CAD profiles are rotated to deepen the impression of student；Wherein, hydraulic steering gear assembling,
Development with flow relation teaching includes the following steps：By hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand and hydraulic steering gear dismount video to
Student introduces the correct assembly relation and dismounting order of hydraulic steering gear；Hydraulic steering gear 3D models are virtually disassembled, to
Student shows each building block of hydraulic steering gear, allows student to understand the internal structure of hydraulic steering gear；Utilize CAD program
In spinfunction rotation process is carried out to the spool in hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and valve pocket, said to student
State the liquid stream flow and assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear；Print hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and spool, valve
Set, each profile of measure motor rotor, measure motor stator, are distributed to student, consolidate hydraulic steering gear for studying after class
Operation principle, flow assembly relation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, using hydraulic steering system teaching bench teaching, can accomplish that side is explained, side operation, by books to material object again by
Material object is remembered when understanding, is digested, be truly realized theory and practice and be combined to theory.
2nd, hydraulic steering system teaching bench can allow teacher's teaching in different modes, be conducive to culture student and such as fill
With disassemble, system debug, system maintenance, the integrating skills such as troubleshooting.
3rd, using the teaching method of hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware, by intuitively being shown to student
The structure of each component and assembly relation and the virtual of hydraulic steering gear is repeated to student disassembles inside hydraulic steering gear, have
Help student to grasp the correct assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear and correctly match somebody with somebody flow relation.
4th, hydraulic steering gear mistake turns the entrucking test run fault in-situ video after matching somebody with somebody in the form of shaking to student's displaying liquid
Steering gear mistake is pressed to turn, with rear caused serious consequence, to contribute to the learning interest of training student, cause student to hydraulic rotation
To the enough attention of the correct assembly relation of device.
5th, hydraulic steering system teaching bench and hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand are formed using material object manufacture, it is specific and
It is micro-, can the industrial actual hydraulic pressure steering of authentic simulation principle, structure, operating and maintenance, shorten from classroom to life
The distance between production.
6th, 3D modeling is carried out to hydraulic steering gear to impart knowledge to students and show easy to Classroom theory with each parts of solid show
The internal structure of hydraulic steering gear complexity.The 3D that the hydraulic steering gear of 3D modeling also can easily carry out repeatedly on classroom is virtual
Disassemble, its structural principle is grasped easy to student.
7th, the fine definition parts photo of hydraulic steering gear dismounting video and hydraulic steering gear recognizes crucial easy to student
The structure of assembly.
8th, the hydraulic steering gear PPT coursewares made of fine definition component photo and CAD diagram piece lecture hydraulic pressure easy to teacher
The operation principle of steering gear, it is more simple and clear compared with the black and white sectional view of books, close to produce reality, it is also easy to cause
Raw interest.
9th, hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles be easy to use spinfunction in CAD program to spool, valve pocket into
Row rotation process, is conducive to student and understands that liquid stream matches somebody with somebody flow relation and assembly relation, relevant CAD sectional drawings can be used for PPT coursewares
Make.
10th, hydraulic steering gear spool, valve pocket, measure motor rotor, each profile of measure motor stator are easy to be printed as paper
Matter original text is distributed to student, for studying the operation principle for consolidating hydraulic steering valve, flow assembly relation after class, can solve each occupation
Universities and colleges' steering real training component, the shortage problem of assembly.
Technical scheme is described in detail below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The teaching process figure of teaching combining theory with practice method of the present invention；
Fig. 2：One fully hydraulic servo steering assembly figure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3：Hydraulic steering gear structure diagram in preferred embodiment one；
Fig. 4：Tank gauge and motor switch schematic diagram in preferred embodiment one；
Fig. 5：A direction views in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6：Hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand in the preferred embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 7：Hydraulic steering gear 3D models in multimedia courseware；
Fig. 8：Hydraulic steering gear assembly relation profile in multimedia courseware；
Fig. 9：Hydraulic steering gear building block section illustrated example 1 in multimedia courseware；
Figure 10：Hydraulic steering gear building block section illustrated example 2 in multimedia courseware.
Wherein：1- hydraulic cylinders；2- vane pumps；3- pressure gauges；4- fuel tanks；41：Oil-level gauge；42：Fuel tank switch；5- motors；
51- motor switch；6- hydraulic steering gears；61- hydraulic steering valves；611- hydraulic pump pipe joints；612- fuel tank pipe joints；
613- hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interfaces；614- hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interfaces；615- valve bodies；Valve pocket -616；Spool -617；618- splines
Connecting shaft；619- check valves；62- measure motors；621- rotors；622- stators；63- distributor port disks；64- pulls pin；65- springs
Piece；7- frame bodies；8- wheels；9- steering spindles；10- steering wheels.
Embodiment
Teaching combining theory with practice method disclosed by the invention is introduced first.
See Fig. 1, the teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course disclosed by the invention includes the following steps：
The teaching step of hydraulic steering system teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering system teaching bench combination multimedia courseware；
The teaching step of hydraulic steering system teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware；
Wherein：
Deployable instructional item bag in teaching step using hydraulic steering system teaching bench combination multimedia courseware
Include：The cognition of hydraulic steering system, the structure of constituent system components and principle, hydraulic steering system general maintenance inspection, be
System debugging real training, troubleshooting real training；
Utilize deployable instructional item bag in the teaching step of hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware
Include：Culture, the teaching of hydraulic steering gear theory of constitution, the assembling of hydraulic steering gear of learning interest are imparted knowledge to students with flow relation.
Below to the reason real one of the present invention by taking the teaching of college's professional colleges fully hydraulic servo steering course as an example
Body teaching method describes in detail.
Preferred embodiment one：Fully hydraulic servo steering teaching combining theory with practice method
Careful preparation：By fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench (see Fig. 2) and hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand (see
Fig. 6) it is moved among classroom, by multimedia courseware copy content to electronic teaching host, the content of multimedia courseware includes：Liquid
After pressing steering gear 3D models (see Fig. 7), hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles (see Fig. 8), the assembling of hydraulic steering gear mistake
Entrucking test run fault in-situ video, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video, each building block of hydraulic steering gear fine definition shine
Profile (using Fig. 9 and Figure 10 as example), the hydraulic steering system teaching bench of each building block of piece, hydraulic steering gear are used and said
Bright book and PPT courseware.
Classroom instruction：
Teacher introduces application, Development History and the classification of hydraulic steering system by PPT coursewares to student first, and emphatically
Introduce fully hydraulic servo systematic difference field and its importance；
The cognition of hydraulic steering system and structure, theory teaching.Teacher starts fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench,
Combine first specification demonstration how operation teaching rack, student's hands-on is then asked, and to fully hydraulic servo steering
System composition and function, the principle of each component be introduced.Refer to " use of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench "
Part Section 1-Section 5.
The cognition of hydraulic steering system and structure, theory teaching.Teacher spot-check student in a manner of puing question to and is watched to all-hydraulic
The grasp situation of steering is taken, treats that student has the function of each several part concept especially hydraulic steering gear and more clearly recognizes
After knowing, guiding student field observation hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand, and combination 3D models, each building block of hydraulic steering gear
Fine definition photo and profile explain the function of each building block of hydraulic steering gear and assembling in detail.Refer to " complete
The use of hydraulic servo steering systematic teaching rack " part Section 1-Section 5.
Hydraulic steering gear assembles, imparts knowledge to students with flow relation.Teacher plays the entrucking test run event after the assembling of hydraulic steering gear mistake
Hinder live video, remind student to pay attention to the correct assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear and with flow relation.And it is total to combine hydraulic steering gear
Into showing stand, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video, hydraulic steering gear 3D models, hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and
The CAD profiles of each building block of hydraulic steering gear, the assembling of hydraulic steering gear is introduced all-sidely, with flow relation to student, and is led to
Cross and the 3D models of hydraulic steering gear are virtually disassembled repeatedly and to the valve in hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles
Core, valve pocket are rotated to deepen the impression of student；The part content of courses specifically comprises the following steps：Pass through hydraulic steering gear
Assembly showing stand and hydraulic steering gear dismount the correct assembly relation and dismounting order that video introduces hydraulic steering gear to student；It is right
Hydraulic steering gear 3D models are virtually disassembled, each building block of hydraulic steering gear is shown to student, allows student to understand
The internal structure of hydraulic steering gear；Using the spinfunction in CAD program in hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles
Spool and valve pocket carry out rotation process, and the liquid stream flow and assembly relation of hydraulic steering gear are told about to student.Referring to " all-hydraulic to watch
Take the use of steering teaching bench " structure, the principle of part Section 5 rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear.
Troubleshooting real training.Teacher sets various faults pattern on fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench, and shows
The method for removing of the every kind of fault mode of model, it is that other side sets failure and inquires into the side of troubleshooting mutually then to ask between student
Method.The species of failure is unable to output pressure, hydraulic pressure including pipeline misconnection, fuel feeding failure, noise failure, loading error, hydraulic pump
Cylinder telescopic direction sends vortex noise etc. with original opposite, motor, and teaching details refers to " fully hydraulic servo steering training platform
The use of frame " part Section 6 failure sets and excludes.
System maintenance real training.Teacher's guidance student carries out general maintenance inspection and the maintaining method of hydraulic system.Teaching is thin
The general maintenance that section refers to " use of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench " part Section 7 hydraulic steering system checks in fact
Instruction.
Homework：The CAD of printing hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and each building block of hydraulic steering gear is cutd open
Face figure, is distributed to student, and instruction of papil studies the operation principle for consolidating hydraulic steering gear, flow assembly relation after class.Wherein liquid
The CAD profiles of each building block of steering gear are pressed to include pressing 1：Hydraulic steering gear spool, valve pocket, the measure motor of 1 ratio making
The profile of rotor, measure motor stator.
The fully hydraulic servo steering teaching combining theory with practice method being related to above to the preferred embodiment of the present invention one into
Introduction, the fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench being related to below to preferred embodiment one and hydraulic steering gear assembly exhibition are gone
Show that frame illustrates.
Fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench disclosed in preferred embodiment one, is a to aim at the occupation of each college
Universities and colleges' design can be used for all hydraulic pressure steering-gear teaching in the relevant speciality hydraulic curriculums such as each professional colleges engineering machinery class
Teaching aid special, which simulates the principle and structure of true fully hydraulic servo steering, easy to students hydro-steering
The professional skill such as the forming of system, the pipeline connection of the structural principle of each assembly component, hydraulic system, system debug, troubleshooting
Can, intuitive is good, workable, can fully meet the real integrated teaching request of reason.Interpreting blueprints 2 is understood, in the present embodiment
Disclosed fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench includes frame body 7, wheel 8 and rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering.Its
Middle rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering includes hydraulic cylinder 1, hydraulic pump 2, fuel tank 4, motor 5, hydraulic steering gear 6, steering spindle 9
And steering wheel 10.Wherein：Wheel 8 is used to support and movable support body 7；Frame body 7 is used to installing and carrying other building blocks；Liquid
Cylinder pressure 1, hydraulic pump 2, fuel tank 4, motor 5 and hydraulic steering gear 6 are each attached on frame body 7；Fuel tank 4 is used to store hydraulic oil；Electricity
Machine 5 is used to drive hydraulic pump 2；Hydraulic pump 2 is used for realization hydraulic oil from fuel tank 4 to the conveying of hydraulic steering gear 6 and hydraulic cylinder 1；
One end of steering spindle 9 is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear 6, and the other end is fixedly attached to steering wheel 10；Hydraulic steering gear 6 can root
Different oil circuits is configured for hydraulic oil according to the input of steering force on steering wheel, so that the hydraulic oil from hydraulic pump 2 is transported to
The band rod cavity (cavity for carrying piston rod) or rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 1, while return to oil for the hydraulic oil configuration from hydraulic cylinder 1
The circuit of case 4.When hydraulic oil is transported to different cavitys (band rod cavity or the rodless cavity) of hydraulic cylinder 1, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 1
It can stretch out or cavity of retracting, realize the output of hydraulic coupling.
As shown in figure 3, hydraulic steering gear 6 includes hydraulic steering valve 61 and measure motor 62, the effect of hydraulic steering valve 61
It is control liquid flow path direction, the effect of measure motor 62 is to realize the metering of hydraulic flow.Interpreting blueprints 2 is understood, is set on switching valve 61
There are hydraulic pump pipe joint 611, fuel tank pipe joint 612, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface 613 and hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface 614；
Hydraulic pump pipe joint 611 is used to establish the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve 61 and hydraulic pump 2；Fuel tank pipe joint 612 is used for
Establish the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve 61 and fuel tank 4；Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface 613 is used to establish hydraulic steering valve 61 and liquid
Oil circuit between cylinder pressure rod chamber；Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface 614 be used to establishing hydraulic steering valve 61 and hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity it
Between oil circuit.As shown in figure 3, hydraulic steering valve 61 includes valve body 615, the valve pocket 616 being assemblied in valve body, is assemblied in valve pocket
Spool 617 and be assemblied in spool be used to turn to after the machine feedback spline connecting shaft that allows switching valve to return to middle position is provided
618；Measure motor 62 includes rotor 621 and is arranged on the stator 622 of rotor exterior；Set between valve body 615 and measure motor 62
It is equipped with distributor port disk 63；One end of spline connecting shaft 618 is connected on the rotor 621 of measure motor 62 by spline, the other end
64 connected by pulling pin with spool, valve pocket, pass through flat spring 65 between spool and valve pocket and carry out middle position positioning.
When hydraulic steering valve 61 is in middle position, the hydraulic oil from hydraulic pump 2 returns to fuel tank 4 through hydraulic steering valve 61, is
System is in low pressure idle loop state, hydraulic pump off-load, and two chambers of hydraulic cylinder and measure motor are all in closed state.Steering wheel 10
When turning left or turning right (input, which turns to, is intended to power), the hydraulic oil from hydraulic pump 2 is transported to hydraulic pressure through hydraulic steering valve 61
The different cavitys (rod chamber or rodless cavity cavity) of cylinder 1, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 stretches out or retraction cavity, realizes hydraulic coupling
Output.When hydraulic pump 2 break down or because of other reasons such as engine misses after shut down when, such as manpower rotation direction
Disk carries out steering operation, then the check valve 619 being arranged between hydraulic pump pipe joint 611 and fuel tank pipe joint 612 turns on,
Fluid is back to hydraulic pump pipe joint 611 from fuel tank pipe joint 612 through check valve 619, is established certainly in hydraulic steering gear
Row circulation, measure motor 62 plays the role of pumping manually at this time.
See Fig. 2, the fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench in the present embodiment is further included for measuring hydraulic fluid pressure
Pressure gauge 3, which is fixed on frame body 7, its pipeline is connected to the flowline of hydraulic pump 2.
See Fig. 4-Fig. 5, fuel tank 4 further includes hydraulic oil oil-level gauge 41 and fuel tank switch 42, and hydraulic oil oil-level gauge 41 is arranged on
On the babinet of fuel tank 4, fuel tank switch 42 is arranged on the pipeline of the fuel tank 4；Hydraulic oil oil-level gauge 41 is used to indicate fuel tank 4
Oil reserve, pipeline of the fuel tank switch 42 for the fuel tank 4 that is turned on or off.In addition, it is additionally provided with the supply line of motor
Motor switch 51, motor switch 51 is fixed on frame body 7 and/or fuel tank 4, for disconnecting or turning on the power supply circuit of motor 5.Again
Person, is additionally provided with cable clip on the frame body of teaching bench, which is used to fix cable, facilitates picking and placeing for cable, has
Help help student to form good operation habit.
In addition, the teaching bench that the preferred embodiment of the present invention one uses further includes belt tightness degree regulating device, the electricity
Machine 5 is fixed in the belt tightness degree regulating device by screw bolt and nut.When belt pine excessively or tension, bolt can be unclamped
And nut, the adjusting of belt tightness degree is realized by mobile motor.
Furthermore the hydraulic steering gear 6 in the present embodiment further includes combination valve block, which is connected through a screw thread or it
His connection mode is fastened on hydraulic steering valve 61.It is provided with combination valve block corresponding to hydraulic pump pipeline on hydraulic steering valve 61
Interface 611, fuel tank pipe joint 612, each hydraulic fluid port of hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface 613 and hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface 614, respectively
The position and caliber of the position of a hydraulic fluid port and caliber hydraulic fluid port corresponding on hydraulic steering valve 61 are consistent.In addition collect on combination valve block
Make check valve that wheel deflects and protect hydraulic pump 20 not to be hit, for preventing wheel into being useful for preventing fluid from flowing backwards
It is subject to cause the two-way buffer valve of system failure and for limiting system due to the unexpected rise of oil pressure during accidental shock
Maximum working pressure protects the safety valve of system safety.Specifically, check valve is arranged at hydraulic pump between hydraulic steering valve 61
Pipeline on；Two-way buffer valve is arranged on the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve 61 and hydraulic cylinder 1；Safety valve is arranged at system
Send between oil circuit and oil return line.Preferably, check valve 619 is also integrated in the combination valve block.
The Specifeca tion speeification of the teaching bench is：
Deployable instructional item includes：
Fig. 6 show the hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand that the preferred embodiment of the present invention one uses, and interpreting blueprints is understood, the hydraulic pressure
Steering assembly showing stand includes supporting rack 1 and each composition portion of the dismounting subsequent application on supporting rack by hydraulic steering gear
Part, including fluid-link steering valve body 2, hydraulic steering valve valve pocket 3, fluid-link steering valve core 4, metering pump rotor 5, metering pump
Stator 6, spline connecting shaft 7, end cap 8, combination valve block 9 etc..
The use of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench in preferred embodiment
Above in association with the teaching combining theory with practice method and religion used of Figure of description and a pair of of present invention of preferred embodiment
Tool is set forth, below to the use of the rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench disclosed in preferred embodiment one
Describe in detail with the teaching details of teaching combining theory with practice activity.
Section 1, the understanding of all hydraulic pressure steering-gear
With reference to figure 2, it is convenient to introduce each building block of all hydraulic pressure steering-gear, oil circuit trend, pipeline to student
Connection；And the pipeline connection on hydraulic steering valve.
The operating and stopping of Section 2, hydraulic pump
With reference to figure 4 and Fig. 5, first check for whether the liquid level of hydraulic oil container 4 is enough, and whether fuel tank switch 42 is past
Anticlockwise is on earth, in an open position；Then threephase cable is taken out from hook, plug is inserted in corresponding three-phase socket
On；Motor switch 51 is adjusted, when being in " on " position upwards, hydraulic pump starts running；When being down in " cut-out " position,
Hydraulic pump shuts down.It can allow the conventional conception of students hydraulic system accordingly.
The steering operation of Section 3, rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear
Hydraulic pump motor switch 51 is connected, rotates steering wheel 100, toward left-hand rotation, hydraulic cylinder 1 is retracted；Toward right-hand rotation, hydraulic cylinder 1
Stretch out, by hydralic pressure gauge 3 can display system real-time pressure.
If hydraulic cylinder 1 is opened in most short or elongation to most long position, system overflow valve is retracted to, hydralic pressure gauge is shown
The maximum pressure of system, hydraulic pump 2 send excess load noise.To avoid hydraulic system from damaging, student is submitted to not to be chronically at
Overflow situation, allows student to understand that what is the overflow situation of hydraulic system.
The manual steering operation of Section 4, rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear
Stop the operating of hydraulic pump 2, steering wheel rotation 10, hydraulic cylinder 1 still stretches by former direction, simply rotation side
To the power manpower turn for increasing, can showing all hydraulic pressure steering-gear accordingly obvious compared with the state of the operating of hydraulic pump 2 of disk 10
To operation, can be operated by student to carry out this, when allowing the student to experience manual steering and fluid-link steering during steering wheel rotation
Feel is distinguished, and deepens perceptual knowledge.
Section 5, the structural principle of rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear steering gear
The knot of hydraulic steering gear is introduced to student using the mode of hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware
Structure principle.Related courseware master file includes：
(1) courseware one, rotary valve hydraulic steering gear structural principle
To student's structural principle for introducing all hydraulic pressure steering-gear that both pictures and texts are excellent, particularly hydraulic rotation in the form of PPT
Structural principle to device, with the phenomenon of the failure caused by after flow relation, assembly relation and mistake assembling and its analysis of causes, and lead to
The form for crossing CAD model displaying, machine ＆ equipment, design of Simulation and assembly relation profile is compared hydraulic steering gear in detail
Elaboration, make up the deficiencies of teaching material related Sections, deepen student's impression.
(2) courseware two, hydraulic steering gear 3D figures
CAD modelings are carried out to hydraulic steering gear, to each composition of student's solid show hydraulic steering gear in the form of 3D
Component and its assembly relation, allow student to understand the architectural feature of each component from multiple angles；It is and empty by design of Simulation and 3D
Intend disassembling to student and explain the assembly relation of each building block and with flow relation, hydraulic steering valve when facilitating the Classroom theory to impart knowledge to students
The explanation and displaying of internal structure.
By 1:1 ratio makes each compositions such as hydraulic steering gear spool, valve pocket, measure motor rotor, measure motor stator
Profile of the component in correct assembling and mistake assembling, studies easy to student and consolidates the operation principle of hydraulic steering valve, matches somebody with somebody
Assembly relation is flowed, solves each professional colleges steering real training component and the shortage problem of assembly system.
(3) courseware three, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video
Supporting hydraulic steering gear dismounting video can intuitively show all parts of steering gear, assemble sequence, and assembling is closed
System etc., can allow student to watch repeatedly, deepen the impression.To cause enough attention of the student to assembly relation, courseware is especially configured with
Entrucking test run live video, caused phenomenon of the failure after video shows mistake assembling in the form of shaking to student, further
Highlight the importance of correct assembly relation.
Section 6, failure setting and exclusion
Most common failure, including pipeline wrong, fuel feeding failure, noise failure, loading error etc. can be set on teaching bench
System most common failure, allows student to touch actual fault case, grasps practical operation technical ability.
Failure one, close fuel tank switch 42, and hydraulic pump 2 cannot establish pressure.
Failure two, by switching valve 6 exchange installation into flowline, causes oil pump to suppress oil, belt slippage is (when paying attention to pump operating
Between can not be long, so as not to belt and pump cause to damage).
Failure three, belt pine excessively are skidded, and are caused hydraulic pump not turn, can not be established pressure, thus allow student to establish daily guarantor
Support the importance for checking belt tightening.
Failure four, mistake assembling turn to the flow relation of matching somebody with somebody between valve rotor and spool measure motor, after hydraulic pump operating, slightly
, then there is the phenomenon that steering wheel acutely trembles in micro- steering wheel rotation.Guiding student analyses in depth switching valve all parts accordingly
Assembly relation, makes student with deep impression, keeps correlation theory firmly in mind.
Failure five, motor can rotate, and hydraulic pump cannot but establish pressure
Whether correct first check for motor direction of rotation, motor pulley normal direction should be towards belt pulley, motor
To rotate clockwise, while notice that belt marks whether unanimously with the direction of rotation on pulley cover.It is such as inconsistent, then be probably
3 phase power supplys are anti-phase to be caused, removable motor cable plug, and any 2 phase line is exchanged connection then may be used.If motor direction of rotation is just
Really, belt does not skid, then needs to check whether fuel tank has enough hydraulic oil by oil-level gauge, whether fuel tank switch valve is past
It is left-handed to open to extreme position.Instruction of papil grasps the operation and maintenance general knowledge of motor.
The steering of failure six, oil cylinder telescopic direction with the instead resulting in wheel originally phenomenon opposite with wheel steering
Instruction of papil check switching valve oil pipe whether wrong.
Failure seven, motor cannot rotate, and send vortex noise
This phenomenon be 3 phase motor phase failures operation, first check 3 phase power supplys whether phase shortage, if phase shortage needs power supply department to solve.
Such as not phase shortage, then whether there is 1 phase access failure when checking 3 phase motor switch on-state, if so, then replacing 3 phases switch.May also
It is that certain phase fault causes in 3 phase winding of motor, need to repairs or replace motor.The operation and maintenance that instruction of papil grasps motor is normal
Know.
Section 7, the general maintenance of hydraulic steering system check real training
(1), the adjustment of belt tightening
In the case of motor 5 shuts down, part presses belt with hand among two belt pulleys, and sag of chain is no more than 1.5cm；
If belt tension spends pine, by unclamping 4 nut bolts of 5 base of motor, with crowbar mobile motor 5 belt
Tensioning.
(2), hydraulic-oil filling and oil tank cleaning
Supplement hydraulic oil is such as needed, then unscrews fuel tank cap filling and then may be used.
Such as need cleaning fuel tank and replace hydraulic oil filter core, then need to unclamp hydraulic oil pump oil inlet pipe, release the hydraulic pressure in fuel tank
Oil, unclamps 12 dormant bolts of fuel tank upper cover plate, removes fuel tank upper cover plate, then can easily clean fuel tank internal and replace liquid
Pressure oil filter core, such as needs to change filter core, can unscrew and remove old filter core and be loaded on new filter core.
Teaching and its teaching aid used above in association with rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering is real to reason of the present invention
Integrated Teaching method is set forth, it should which explanation, teaching combining theory with practice method disclosed by the invention are equally applicable
In the teaching of hydraulic booster type and other types fully hydraulic servo steering course, as long as using reason real one disclosed by the invention
Body teaching method, and use the hydraulic steering system teaching bench and hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand and bag of correlation type
The multimedia courseware of content described in embodiment is included, can obtain good teaching efficiency, realizing improves hydraulic steering system religion
Learn the purpose of quality.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course, it is characterised in that this method includes：The teaching link of hydraulic steering system teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering system teaching bench combination multimedia courseware, it is described Hydraulic steering system teaching bench includes frame body (7), is used to support and several wheels (8) of movable support body (7) and is arranged at Hydraulic steering system on frame body (7), the hydraulic steering system receive the input of steering force and output hydraulic pressure power；The teaching link of hydraulic steering gear teaching, the liquid are carried out using hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware Steering assembly showing stand is pressed to include each composition of supporting rack and the hydraulic steering gear being placed in by assembly relation on supporting rack Component；The multimedia courseware includes PPT coursewares, the 3D models of hydraulic steering gear, hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles Entrucking test run fault in-situ video after being assembled with hydraulic steering gear mistake, and dismounting video, the hydraulic rotation of hydraulic steering gear The profile and hydraulic steering system teaching bench of each building block of photo, hydraulic steering gear to each building block of device are used and said Bright book；The hydraulic steering system is fully hydraulic servo steering, which further includes fuel tank (4), electricity Machine (5), hydraulic pump (2), hydraulic steering gear (6), steering wheel (10), steering spindle (9) and at least one hydraulic cylinder (1)；It is described Fuel tank (4) is used to store hydraulic oil；The hydraulic pump (2) is used for realization the conveying of hydraulic oil；The motor (5) is used to drive liquid Press pump (1)；The hydraulic cylinder (1) is used for output hydraulic pressure power；One end of the steering spindle (9) is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear (6), the other end is fixedly attached to steering wheel (10)；The hydraulic steering gear (6) is used for the steering according to the steering wheel (10) Power input configures different oil circuits for hydraulic oil, so that hydraulic oil is transported to the different cavitys of the hydraulic cylinder (1), is at the same time Hydraulic oil configuration from hydraulic cylinder (1) returns to the oil circuit of fuel tank (4)；Can be with measuring horse when the hydraulic steering gear (6) is including hydraulic steering valve (61), measure motor (62) and manual steering The check valve (619) in circuit is formed up to (62), the measure motor (62) is used to drive when the metering and manual steering of hydraulic oil Hydraulic cylinder (1)；The hydraulic steering valve (61) is used to be configured not for hydraulic oil according to the input of the steering force of the steering wheel (10) Same oil circuit, so that hydraulic oil is transported to the different cavitys of the hydraulic cylinder (1), while is the hydraulic pressure from hydraulic cylinder (1) Oil configuration returns to the oil circuit of fuel tank (4)；The teaching link that hydraulic steering system teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering system teaching bench combination multimedia courseware Include the following steps：Instruct student recognize hydraulic steering system, using teaching bench intuitively to student show hydraulic steering system composition, Liquid stream trend, pipeline connection；Instruct student to carry out the general maintenance inspection of hydraulic steering system, be situated between using teaching bench to student Continue the general maintenance inspection item of hydraulic steering system, and the general maintenance inspection item includes the inspection of hydraulic oil container oil level, passes Dynamic belt tightening inspection adjustment, hydraulic pressure filter element replacing, hydraulic oil replacement, system leak inspection；Instruct student to carry out system debug real training, disassemble teaching bench and carry out the connection of hydraulic steering system system, system pressure tune Try real training；Instruct student to carry out troubleshooting real training, most common failure is set on teaching bench, the troubleshooting capabilities of training student, The most common failure is unable to output pressure, hydraulic cylinder including pipeline misconnection, fuel feeding failure, noise failure, loading error, hydraulic pump Telescopic direction sends vortex noise with original opposite, driving motor；Student is instructed to carry out the structure of constituent system components, principle study, with reference to PPT coursewares, the liquid to match with teaching bench Press the entrucking test run after 3D models, hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and hydraulic steering gear the mistake assembling of steering gear Fault in-situ video, carries out hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder, the teaching of hydraulic steering gear structural principle and assembling, disassembles teaching；The teaching link bag that hydraulic steering gear teaching is carried out using hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand combination multimedia courseware Include following steps：Entrucking test run fault in-situ video after being assembled by hydraulic steering gear mistake is in the form of shaking to student's exhibition Show that hydraulic steering gear mistake turns with rear caused serious consequence, the learning interest of training student, causes student to fluid-link steering The enough attention of the correct assembly relation of device；Carry out hydraulic steering gear composition, theory teaching, shown using hydraulic steering gear assembly Frame, the 3D models of hydraulic steering gear, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video, the photo of each building block of hydraulic steering gear are introduced to student The basic composition of hydraulic steering gear and function, structure and the principle of each building block；Carry out hydraulic steering gear assembling, with flow relation Teaching, utilizes hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video, the 3D models of hydraulic steering gear, fluid-link steering The CAD profiles of device assembly relation CAD profiles and each building block of hydraulic steering gear, fluid-link steering is introduced all-sidely to student The assembling of device, with flow relation, and virtually disassembled repeatedly by the 3D models to hydraulic steering gear and hydraulic steering gear filled Rotated with the spool in relation CAD profiles, valve pocket to deepen the impression of student；The part content of courses specifically include as Lower step：Video is dismounted by hydraulic steering gear assembly showing stand and hydraulic steering gear and introduces the correct of hydraulic steering gear to student Assembly relation and dismounting order；The 3D models of hydraulic steering gear are virtually disassembled, the every of hydraulic steering gear is shown to student One building block, allows student to understand the internal structure of hydraulic steering gear；Using the spinfunction in CAD program to fluid-link steering Spool and valve pocket in device assembly relation CAD profiles carry out rotation process, and the liquid stream flow of hydraulic steering gear is told about to student With assembly relation；Print hydraulic steering gear assembly relation CAD profiles and spool, valve pocket, measure motor rotor, measure motor Each parts sectional view of stator, is distributed to student, and for studying the operation principle for consolidating hydraulic steering gear after class, flow assembling is closed System.
- 2. the teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described The 3D models of hydraulic steering gear include explosive view, and put order and the explosion of each building block of the hydraulic steering gear regard Scheme consistent.
- 3. the teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Hydraulic steering gear (6) further includes combination valve block, which, which is connected through a screw thread, is fastened on the hydraulic steering valve (61)； The correspondence hydraulic fluid port corresponding to each hydraulic fluid port on hydraulic steering valve (61) is provided with combination valve block；Can be with during the manual steering The check valve (619) that measure motor (62) forms circuit is integrated in the combination valve block.
- 4. the teaching combining theory with practice method of hydraulic steering system course according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described It is additionally provided with combination valve block some or all of in following valve body：For prevent hydraulic oil flow backwards and make wheel deflect and Protect the check valve that hydraulic pump is not hit；For preventing wheel to be subject to cause due to the unexpected rise of oil pressure during accidental shock The two-way buffer valve of system failure；For limiting system maximum working pressure to protect the safety valve of system safety.
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| CN113459745A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-01 | 广东天太机器人有限公司 | Four-wheel independent suspension trolley |
| CN114783239A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-22 | 陕西凯捷科技发展有限公司 | Helicopter hydraulic system oil adding and discharging training equipment and method |
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