CN105405348B - A kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench - Google Patents
A kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN105405348B CN105405348B CN201510918672.5A CN201510918672A CN105405348B CN 105405348 B CN105405348 B CN 105405348B CN 201510918672 A CN201510918672 A CN 201510918672A CN 105405348 B CN105405348 B CN 105405348B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
A kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench, including hydraulic pump, fuel tank, motor, hydraulic steering gear, frame body, wheel, steering wheel, steering spindle and at least one hydraulic cylinder；Frame body is used to carry other building blocks；Wheel is used for movable support body；Fuel tank is used to store hydraulic oil；Motor is used to drive hydraulic pump；Hydraulic pump is used for realization the conveying of hydraulic oil；Hydraulic cylinder is used for output hydraulic pressure power；One end of steering spindle is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear, and the other end is fixedly attached to steering wheel；The steering force that hydraulic steering gear is used to be inputted according to steering wheel configures different oil circuits for hydraulic oil, so that hydraulic oil is transported to the different cavitys of hydraulic cylinder, while the oil circuit of fuel tank is returned to for the hydraulic oil configuration from hydraulic cylinder.The present invention has filled up the market vacancy, improves highway engineering machine, the quality of instruction of commercial vehicle class occupation correlated curriculum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fully hydraulic servo steering system imparted knowledge to students applied to engineering machinery and heavy-duty car steering
System teaching bench.
Background technology
Hydraulic power steering apparatus can be divided into two kinds of hydraulic booster type and all-hydraulic type, and it is light that the former is mainly used in car class
Type vehicle, the latter are mainly used in Engineering heavy vehicle.Difference lies in the connection pass between input terminal and output terminal for the two
System：Have mechanically contact is called hydraulic booster type, and what is do not mechanically connected is called all-hydraulic type.In the teaching practice of steering
In, at present on the market with the teaching bench for the light-duty steering of car class is only existed on classroom, not yet occur be directed to work
The corresponding product of journey machine class machinery and heavy-duty car.
Also, since existing steering teaching bench is simple in structure, only it is configured with simple papery and is said using operation
Bright book, it is impossible to the operation and maintenance of authentic simulation steering, the difficult point in imparting knowledge to students for steering, such as hydraulic steering valve
Internal structure, assembly relation, issuable consequence etc. after flow principle and mistake assembling, this rack can neither be for
Students ' actual situation is drilled and operated the computer, and can not be directly applied to education activities, be made structure and work(of the student to hydraulic steering valve
There can be a thorough understanding --- for how to carry out effective teaching, it is also necessary to which teacher carries out secondary development.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to fill up the market vacancy of hydraulic steering system teaching field, there is provided a kind of all-hydraulic
Power steering system teaching bench, the rack is with the structure and original of fully hydraulic servo steering in engineering machinery or heavy-duty car
It is miniature based on reason, pass through the industrial fully hydraulic servo steering system structural of authentic simulation and principle especially hydraulic rotation
Structure and principle to device and a variety of practical training projects such as progress system maintenance, troubleshooting on rack, can allow teacher
With a variety of teaching pattern teachings, solve existing steering teaching and can not achieve theory and practice Integrated Teaching and counterweight
The problem of point, not abundant enough explanation of difficult point.Used technical solution is：
A kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench, it is characterised in that：The fully hydraulic servo steering training platform
Frame includes frame body, is used to support and several wheels of movable support body and the fully hydraulic servo steering being arranged on frame body；
The fully hydraulic servo steering can receive the input of steering force and realize the output of hydraulic coupling；The fully hydraulic servo turns
Include fuel tank, motor, hydraulic pump, hydraulic steering gear, steering wheel, steering spindle and at least one hydraulic cylinder to system；Fuel tank is used
In storage hydraulic oil；Hydraulic pump is used for realization the conveying of hydraulic oil；Motor is used to drive hydraulic pump；Hydraulic cylinder is used for output hydraulic pressure
Power；One end of steering spindle is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear, and the other end is fixedly attached to steering wheel；Hydraulic steering gear includes hydraulic pressure
The check valve in circuit can be formed when switching valve, measure motor and manual steering with measure motor, measure motor is used for hydraulic oil
Metering and manual steering when driving hydraulic cylinder；Hydraulic steering valve be used for according to steering wheel rotate to be hydraulic oil configuration it is different
Oil circuit, so that hydraulic oil is transported to the different cavitys of hydraulic cylinder and forms oil return circuit.
Further, hydraulic steering valve includes valve body, the valve pocket being assemblied in valve body and the spool being assemblied in valve pocket；
Measure motor includes rotor and is arranged on the stator of rotor exterior；Distributor port disk is provided between valve body and measure motor；Hydraulic pressure
Steering gear further includes spline connecting shaft, and one end of spline connecting shaft is connected to the rotor of measure motor by spline, and the other end leads to
Cross to pull pin and be connected to spool and valve pocket；Positioned between spool and valve pocket by spring leaf；Steering spindle is fixedly connected on spool.
Further, fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench provided by the invention only includes a hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pressure
Fuel tank pipe joint, hydraulic pump pipe joint, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface and hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface are provided with switching valve,
Fuel tank pipe joint is used to establish hydraulic steering valve to the oil circuit of fuel tank, and hydraulic pump pipe joint is used to establish hydraulic pump to hydraulic pressure
The oil circuit of switching valve, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface are used for the inlet for being connected to hydraulic cylinder rod chamber, hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface
For being connected to the inlet of hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity；Alternatively, the present invention proposes that fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench also may be used
With including two hydraulic cylinders, be provided with hydraulic steering valve fuel tank pipe joint, hydraulic pump pipe joint, the first hydraulic interface and
Second hydraulic interface, fuel tank pipe joint are used to establish the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve and fuel tank, and hydraulic pump pipe joint is used
In establishing the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve and hydraulic pump, the first hydraulic interface be used for the rod chamber for being connected to first hydraulic cylinder and
The rodless cavity of second hydraulic cylinder, second hydraulic interface, which is used for the rodless cavity for being connected to first hydraulic cylinder and second hydraulic cylinder, bar
Chamber.
Further, fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench provided by the invention further includes steering mechanism and steering
Section；Deflecting roller in wheel is connected on frame body by knuckle；Steering mechanism is connected to the work of knuckle and hydraulic cylinder at the same time
On stopper rod；Hydraulic cylinder realizes the steering of frame body by pushing and pulling the steering mechanism.Further, steering mechanism is steering trapezium,
It includes two tie rod arms and a drag link, and the both ends of drag link are respectively articulated with into two tie rod arms its of each tie rod arm
Middle one end, the other end of two tie rod arms are respectively connected to the knuckle of deflecting roller；It is also, at least one in tie rod arm to be connected to
On the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder；Alternatively, steering mechanism is a steering arm, which is connected to hydraulic cylinder and deflecting roller at the same time
On knuckle, hydraulic cylinder realizes the steering of deflecting roller by pushing and pulling the steering arm.
Further, fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench proposed by the present invention can also be in hydraulic pump to hydraulic rotation
Check valve is set on to the oil circuit between valve, which can prevent fluid from flowing backwards and wheel is deflected and protect hydraulic pump
It is not hit.
Further, fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench proposed by the present invention can also send oil circuit and oil return line
Between overflow valve or safety valve are set, when exceeding set pressure by the oil pressure of oil circuit, overflow valve or safety valve just exist
Circuit oil extraction release is opened under the action of pressure, to limit the maximum working pressure of system, protection system safety.
Further, fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench proposed by the present invention can also be in hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic rotation
Two-way buffer valve is set on to the pipeline between valve and fuel tank, it is prominent due to oil pressure during preventing that wheel is subject to accidental shock
So rise and caused by system failure.
Further, fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench provided by the invention further includes combination valve block, the combination
Valve block is fastened on hydraulic steering valve, be integrated with thereon it is foregoing be arranged on hydraulic pump to the check valve between hydraulic steering valve, set
Put send overflow valve between oil circuit and oil return line or safety valve and be arranged on hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic steering valve and fuel tank it
Between two-way buffer valve.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench provided by the invention, is watched with engineering machinery and the all-hydraulic of heavy-duty car
It is source to take steering, miniature, by the structure and principle of the industrial fully hydraulic servo steering of authentic simulation, especially
It is the structure and principle of hydraulic steering gear, and a variety of practical training projects such as system maintenance and troubleshooting are carried out on rack,
It can allow teacher that a variety of teaching patterns are set and carry out teaching from multiple angles, and the 3D emulation that can combine hydraulic steering valve is set
Meter and CAD assembly relations profile carry out the difficult point in teaching abundant, careful explanation, have filled up the city in teaching bench field
Field blank, avoids " light " shortcoming heavy, " weight " is light-duty of auto repair class vocational education, enriches teaching aid product type, carry
High quality of instruction, and allow teacher to have more type selectings when purchasing in progress steering teaching bench.
The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The system synthesis figure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2：1 hydraulic steering gear structure diagram of preferred embodiment；
Fig. 3：Tank gauge and motor switch schematic diagram in preferred embodiment 1；
Fig. 4：A direction views in Fig. 4；
Fig. 5：Embodiment including steering mechanism；
Fig. 6：It is preferable to carry out 2 system pie graphs.
Wherein：1- hydraulic cylinders；2- vane pumps；3- pressure gauges；4- fuel tanks；41：Oil-level gauge；42：Fuel tank switch；5- motors；
51- motor switch；6- hydraulic steering gears；61- hydraulic steering valves；611- hydraulic pump pipe joints；612- fuel tank pipe joints；
613- hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interfaces；614- hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interfaces；615- valve bodies；Valve pocket -616；Spool -617；618- splines
Connecting shaft；619- check valves；62- measure motors；621- rotors；622- stators；63- distributor port disks；64- pulls pin；65- springs
Piece；7- frame bodies；8- wheels；9- steering spindles；10- steering wheels；11- steering mechanism；111：The drag link of steering mechanism；112：Turn to
The tie rod arm of mechanism.
101- hydraulic cylinders；20- vane pumps；40- fuel tanks；60- hydraulic steering gears；601- hydraulic steering valves；6011- hydraulic pumps
Pipe joint；6012- fuel tank pipe joints；The first hydraulic interfaces of 6013-；The second hydraulic interfaces of 6014-；602- measure motors；
90- steering spindles；100- steering wheels；120- trimmer valves；140- check valves；150- check valves；160- safety valves.
Embodiment
Describe in detail to various fully hydraulic servo steering teaching benchs disclosed by the invention, then unify first
Application to teaching bench illustrates.
Preferred embodiment one
Preferred embodiment one discloses a kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching for aiming at each college's professional colleges design
Rack, available for the demonstration teaching of all hydraulic pressure steering-gear in the relevant speciality hydraulic curriculums such as each professional colleges engineering machinery, just
In allowing the forming of students all hydraulic pressure steering-gear, the connection of the pipeline of the structural principle of each assembly component, hydraulic system, system
The professional skills such as debugging, troubleshooting, intuitive is good, workable, can fully meet teaching combining theory with practice requirement, be
The teaching aid special of engineering machinery specialty hydraulic pressure Training Room.
As shown in Figure 1, the fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench disclosed in the present embodiment includes frame body 7,8 and of wheel
Rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering.Rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering includes hydraulic cylinder 1, hydraulic pump 2, fuel tank 4, electricity
Machine 5, hydraulic steering gear 6, steering spindle 9 and steering wheel 10.Wherein：Wheel 8 is used to support and movable support body 7；Frame body 7 is used to pacify
Fill and carry other building blocks；Hydraulic cylinder 1, hydraulic pump 2, fuel tank 4, motor 5 and hydraulic steering gear 6 are each attached on frame body 7；
Fuel tank 4 is used to store hydraulic oil；Motor 5 is used to drive hydraulic pump 2；Hydraulic pump 2 is used for realization hydraulic oil from fuel tank 4 to hydraulic rotation
Conveying to device 6 and hydraulic cylinder 1；One end of steering spindle 9 is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear 6, and the other end is fixedly attached to steering
Disk 10；Hydraulic steering gear 6 can configure different oil circuits for hydraulic oil according to the input of steering force on steering wheel, so as to come from liquid
The hydraulic oil of press pump 2 is transported to the band rod cavity (cavity for carrying piston rod) or rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 1, while for from hydraulic pressure
The hydraulic oil configuration of cylinder 1 returns to the circuit of fuel tank 4.When hydraulic oil is transported to the different cavitys of hydraulic cylinder 1 (with rod cavity or without bar
Chamber) when, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 can stretch out or retract cavity, realize the output of hydraulic coupling.
As shown in Fig. 2, hydraulic steering gear 6 includes hydraulic steering valve 61 and measure motor 62, the effect of hydraulic steering valve 61
It is control liquid flow path direction, the effect of measure motor 62 is to realize the metering of hydraulic flow.Interpreting blueprints 2 is understood, is set on switching valve 61
There are hydraulic pump pipe joint 611, fuel tank pipe joint 612, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface 613 and hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface 614；
Hydraulic pump pipe joint 611 is used to establish the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve 61 and hydraulic pump 2；Fuel tank pipe joint 612 is used for
Establish the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve 61 and fuel tank 4；Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface 613 is used to establish hydraulic steering valve 61 and liquid
Oil circuit between cylinder pressure rod chamber；Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface 614 be used to establishing hydraulic steering valve 61 and hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity it
Between oil circuit.As shown in figure 3, hydraulic steering valve 61 includes valve body 615, the valve pocket 616 being assemblied in valve body, is assemblied in valve pocket
Spool 617 and be assemblied in spool be used to turn to after the machine feedback spline connecting shaft that allows switching valve to return to middle position is provided
618；Measure motor 62 includes rotor 621 and is arranged on the stator 622 of rotor exterior；Set between valve body 615 and measure motor 62
It is equipped with distributor port disk 63；One end of spline connecting shaft 618 is connected on the rotor 621 of measure motor 62 by spline, the other end
64 connected by pulling pin with spool, valve pocket, pass through flat spring 65 between spool and valve pocket and carry out middle position positioning.
When hydraulic steering valve 61 is in middle position, the hydraulic oil from hydraulic pump 2 returns to fuel tank 4 through hydraulic steering valve 61, is
System is in low pressure idle loop state, hydraulic pump off-load, and two chambers of hydraulic cylinder and measure motor are all in closed state.Steering wheel 10
When turning left or turning right (input, which turns to, is intended to power), the hydraulic oil from hydraulic pump 2 is transported to hydraulic pressure through hydraulic steering valve 61
The different cavitys (rod chamber or rodless cavity cavity) of cylinder 1, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 stretches out or retraction cavity, realizes hydraulic coupling
Output.When hydraulic pump 2 break down or because of other reasons such as engine misses after shut down when, such as manpower rotation direction
Disk carries out steering operation, then the check valve 619 being arranged between hydraulic pump pipe joint 611 and fuel tank pipe joint 612 turns on,
Fluid is back to hydraulic pump pipe joint 611 from fuel tank pipe joint 612 through check valve 619, is established certainly in hydraulic steering gear
Row circulation, measure motor 62 plays the role of pumping manually at this time.
See Fig. 1, the fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench in the present embodiment is further included for measuring hydraulic fluid pressure
Pressure gauge 3, which is fixed on frame body 7, its pipeline is connected to the flowline of hydraulic pump 2.
See Fig. 3-Fig. 4, fuel tank 4 further includes hydraulic oil oil-level gauge 41 and fuel tank switch 42, and hydraulic oil oil-level gauge 41 is arranged on
On the babinet of fuel tank 4, fuel tank switch 42 is arranged on the pipeline of the fuel tank 4；Hydraulic oil oil-level gauge 41 is used to indicate fuel tank 4
Oil reserve, pipeline of the fuel tank switch 42 for the fuel tank 4 that is turned on or off.In addition, it is additionally provided with the supply line of motor
Motor switch 51, motor switch 51 is fixed on frame body 7 and/or fuel tank 4, for disconnecting or turning on the power supply circuit of motor 5.Again
Person, is additionally provided with cable clip on the frame body of teaching bench, which is used to fix cable, facilitates picking and placeing for cable, has
Help help student to form good operation habit.
In addition, teaching bench disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention 1 further includes belt tightness degree regulating device, the motor
5 are fixed in the belt tightness degree regulating device by screw bolt and nut.When belt pine excessively or during tension, can unclamp bolt and
Nut, the adjusting of belt tightness degree is realized by mobile motor.
The Specifeca tion speeification of the teaching bench is：
Deployable instructional item includes：
The composition and principle of the preferred embodiment of the present invention 1 are set forth above in association with Figure of description, other one
In a little embodiments, following improvement can also be made to the present invention：
As shown in figure 5, in another embodiment, teaching bench disclosed by the invention further includes steering mechanism 11, this turn
Include two tie rod arms 112 and a drag link 111 to mechanism 11；Each one end of two tie rod arms 112 is hinged on drag link 111
Both ends form steering geometry, the other end of tie rod arm 112 is connected on the knuckle of deflecting roller.Also, hydraulic cylinder 1
Compression bar 1 is connected on any tie rod arm 112.During the disc spins of direction, hydraulic cylinder 1 realizes wheel by pushing and pulling tie rod arm 112
Turn to.
As a deformation of steering mechanism 11, In yet another embodiment, teaching bench only includes a deflecting roller, its
His wheel is universal wheel.Steering mechanism 11 on teaching bench is a steering arm, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is connected to the steering
On arm, steering arm is hinged on the knuckle of deflecting roller at the same time, and hydraulic cylinder is real by pushing and pulling the steering arm (namely steering mechanism)
The steering of existing frame body.
Preferred embodiment two
The preferred embodiment of the present invention two discloses a kind of improved fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench, and Fig. 6 is the reality
The system for applying example forms schematic diagram.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that the teaching bench in the present embodiment includes frame body (not shown), wheel
(not shown), two hydraulic cylinders 101, hydraulic pump 20, fuel tank 40, hydraulic steering gear 60, motor (not shown), steering
Axis 90, steering wheel 100, two-way buffer valve 120, measure motor 130, check valve 140/150 and safety valve 160.Can by Fig. 6
Know, hydraulic steering gear 60 includes hydraulic steering valve 601, measure motor 602 and check valve 150.It is provided with hydraulic steering valve 601
Hydraulic pump pipe joint 6011, fuel tank pipe joint 6012, the first hydraulic interface 6013 and the second hydraulic interface 6014；Hydraulic pump
Pipe joint 6011 is used to establish the oil pipeline between hydraulic steering valve and hydraulic pump 20；Fuel tank pipe joint 6012 is used to build
Vertical oil return circuit between hydraulic steering valve and fuel tank 40；First hydraulic interface 6013 and the second hydraulic interface 6014 are respectively used to
Establish the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve 40 and the hydraulic cylinder 101 of left and right two.Check valve 150 is arranged at hydraulic steering valve 601
Between in-line and oil return line, when hydraulic pump 20 shuts down, as manpower steering wheel rotation carries out steering operation, then check valve
150 conductings, measure motor 602 promote fluid voluntarily to circulate to complete the steering of rack by the manpower from steering wheel 100.
Hydraulic steering gear 601 in the present embodiment further includes combination valve block, which is connected through a screw thread or other
Connection mode is fastened on hydraulic steering valve 601.It is provided with combination valve block corresponding to hydraulic pump pipeline on hydraulic steering valve 601
Interface 6011, fuel tank pipe joint 6012, each hydraulic fluid port of the first hydraulic interface 6013 and the second hydraulic interface 6014, each oil
The position of position and the caliber hydraulic fluid port corresponding on hydraulic steering valve 601 of mouth and caliber are consistent.In addition integrated on combination valve block
It is useful for preventing fluid from flowing backwards and makes check valve 140 that wheel deflects and protect hydraulic pump 20 not to be hit, for preventing car
Wheel is subject to cause the two-way buffer valve 120 of system failure and for limiting system due to the unexpected rise of oil pressure during accidental shock
The safety valve 160 of the maximum working pressure protection system safety of system.Specifically, check valve 140 is arranged at hydraulic pump 20 to hydraulic pressure
On pipeline between switching valve 601；Two-way buffer valve 120 is arranged at the oil between hydraulic steering valve 601 and two hydraulic cylinders 101
Lu Shang；Safety valve 160 is arranged at the sending between oil circuit and oil return line of system.Preferably, check valve 150 is also integrated in the combination valve
In block.
In addition, oil level indicator, fuel tank that the teaching bench disclosed in the present embodiment is also included as described in preferred embodiment one are opened
Pass, motor switch, cable clip and belt tightness degree regulating device.
As an improvement of the present embodiment, the fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench disclosed in the present embodiment also may be used
To include two tie rod arms and a drag link including steering structure, steering structure；One end of tie rod arm is connected to deflecting roller
On knuckle, the other end, which is hinged on drag link, forms steering trapezium.The piston rod of two hydraulic cylinders 101 is connected to two
On tie rod arm.Hydraulic cylinder 101 realizes the steering of frame body by pushing and pulling tie rod arm.
Furthermore the combination valve block introduced in preferred embodiment 2 and group can also be included in the preferred embodiment of the present invention 1
Close the various valve bodies integrated in valve block.Combination valve block, the connection of various valve bodies are identical with function, and details are not described herein.
The function of each component is identical with preferred embodiment one with assembly relation in preferred embodiment two, does not do herein superfluous
State.Use to the rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear teaching bench disclosed in above-mentioned various preferred embodiments and reason real one below
The development of body education activities describes in detail.
1st, the understanding of all hydraulic pressure steering-gear
With reference to figure 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, it is convenient to introduce each building block of all hydraulic pressure steering-gear, oil circuit to student
Trend, the connection of pipeline；And the pipeline connection on hydraulic steering valve.
2nd, the operating and stopping of hydraulic pump
With reference to figure 4 and Fig. 5, first check for whether the liquid level of hydraulic oil container 4 is enough, and whether fuel tank switch 42 is past
Anticlockwise is on earth, in an open position；Then threephase cable is taken out from hook, plug is inserted in corresponding three-phase socket
On；Motor switch 51 is adjusted, when being in " on " position upwards, hydraulic pump starts running；When being down in " cut-out " position,
Hydraulic pump shuts down.It can allow the conventional conception of students hydraulic system accordingly.
3rd, the steering operation of rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear
Hydraulic pump motor switch 51 is connected, rotates steering wheel 100, toward left-hand rotation, hydraulic cylinder 1 is retracted；Toward right-hand rotation, hydraulic cylinder 1
Stretch out, by hydralic pressure gauge 3 can display system real-time pressure.
If hydraulic cylinder 1 is opened in most short or elongation to most long position, system overflow valve is retracted to, hydralic pressure gauge is shown
The maximum pressure of system, hydraulic pump 2 send excess load noise.To avoid hydraulic system from damaging, student is submitted to not to be chronically at
Overflow situation, allows student to understand that what is the overflow situation of hydraulic system.
4th, the manual steering operation of rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear
Stop the operating of hydraulic pump 2, steering wheel rotation 10, hydraulic cylinder 1 still stretches by former direction, simply rotation side
To the power manpower turn for increasing, can showing all hydraulic pressure steering-gear accordingly obvious compared with the state of the operating of hydraulic pump 2 of disk 10
To operation, can be operated by student to carry out this, when allowing the student to experience manual steering and fluid-link steering during steering wheel rotation
Feel is distinguished, and deepens perceptual knowledge.
5th, the structural principle of rotary valve all hydraulic pressure steering-gear switching valve
The principle explanation of switching valve can be carried out by another hydraulic steering valve to match with rack, and switching valve material object is torn open
Solution, according to the courseware to match therewith show in detail switching valve structural principle and each component between assembly relation.Related courseware
Master file includes：
(1) courseware one, rotary valve hydraulic steering gear structural principle
To student's structural principle for introducing all hydraulic pressure steering-gear that both pictures and texts are excellent, particularly hydraulic rotation in the form of PPT
Structural principle to device, with the phenomenon of the failure caused by after flow relation, assembly relation and mistake assembling and its analysis of causes, and lead to
The form for crossing CAD model displaying, machine ＆ equipment, design of Simulation and assembly relation profile is compared hydraulic steering gear in detail
Elaboration, make up the deficiencies of teaching material related Sections, deepen student's impression.
(2) courseware two, hydraulic steering valve 3D figures
CAD modelings are carried out to hydraulic steering gear, to each composition of student's solid show hydraulic steering gear in the form of 3D
Component and its assembly relation, allow student to understand the architectural feature of each component from multiple angles；It is and empty by design of Simulation and 3D
Intend disassembling to student and explain the assembly relation of each building block and with flow relation, hydraulic steering valve when facilitating the Classroom theory to impart knowledge to students
The explanation and displaying of internal structure.
By 1:1 ratio makes each compositions such as hydraulic steering gear spool, valve pocket, measure motor rotor, measure motor stator
Profile of the component in correct assembling and mistake assembling, studies easy to student and consolidates the operation principle of hydraulic steering valve, matches somebody with somebody
Assembly relation is flowed, solves each professional colleges steering real training component and the shortage problem of assembly system.
(3) courseware three, hydraulic steering gear dismounting video
Supporting hydraulic steering gear dismounting video can intuitively show all parts of steering gear, assemble sequence, and assembling is closed
System etc., can allow student to watch repeatedly, deepen the impression.To cause enough attention of the student to assembly relation, courseware is especially configured with
Entrucking test run live video, caused phenomenon of the failure after video shows mistake assembling in the form of shaking to student, further
Highlight the importance of correct assembly relation.
6th, failure setting and exclusion
Most common failure, including pipeline wrong, fuel feeding failure, noise failure, loading error etc. can be set on teaching bench
System most common failure, allows student to touch actual fault case, grasps practical operation technical ability.
Failure one, close fuel tank switch 42, and hydraulic pump 2 cannot establish pressure.
Failure two, by switching valve 6 exchange installation into flowline, causes oil pump to suppress oil, belt slippage is (when paying attention to pump operating
Between can not be long, so as not to belt and pump cause to damage).
Failure three, belt pine excessively are skidded, and are caused hydraulic pump not turn, can not be established pressure, thus allow student to establish daily guarantor
Support the importance for checking belt tightening.
Failure four, mistake assembling turn to the flow relation of matching somebody with somebody between valve rotor and spool measure motor, after hydraulic pump operating, slightly
, then there is the phenomenon that steering wheel acutely trembles in micro- steering wheel rotation.Guiding student analyses in depth switching valve all parts accordingly
Assembly relation, makes student with deep impression, keeps correlation theory firmly in mind.
Failure five, motor can rotate, and hydraulic pump cannot but establish pressure
Whether correct first check for motor direction of rotation, motor pulley normal direction should be towards belt pulley, motor
To rotate clockwise, while notice that belt marks whether unanimously with the direction of rotation on pulley cover.It is such as inconsistent, then be probably
3 phase power supplys are anti-phase to be caused, removable motor cable plug, and any 2 phase line is exchanged connection then may be used.If motor direction of rotation is just
Really, belt does not skid, then needs to check whether fuel tank has enough hydraulic oil by oil-level gauge, whether fuel tank switch valve is past
It is left-handed to open to extreme position.Instruction of papil grasps the operation and maintenance general knowledge of motor.
Failure six, oil cylinder telescopic direction with it is original opposite
Instruction of papil check switching valve oil pipe whether wrong.
Failure seven, motor cannot rotate, and send vortex noise
This phenomenon be 3 phase motor phase failures operation, first check 3 phase power supplys whether phase shortage, if phase shortage needs power supply department to solve.
Such as not phase shortage, then whether there is 1 phase access failure when checking 3 phase motor switch on-state, if so, then replacing 3 phases switch.May also
It is that certain phase fault causes in 3 phase winding of motor, need to repairs or replace motor.The operation and maintenance that instruction of papil grasps motor is normal
Know.
7th, the general maintenance of hydraulic system checks real training
(1), the adjustment of belt tightening
In the case of motor 5 shuts down, part presses belt with hand among two belt pulleys, and sag of chain is no more than 1.5cm；
If belt tension spends pine, by unclamping 4 nut bolts of 5 base of motor, with crowbar mobile motor 5 belt
Tensioning.
(2), hydraulic-oil filling and oil tank cleaning
Supplement hydraulic oil is such as needed, then unscrews fuel tank cap filling and then may be used.
Such as need cleaning fuel tank and replace hydraulic oil filter core, then need to unclamp hydraulic oil pump oil inlet pipe, release the hydraulic pressure in fuel tank
Oil, unclamps 12 dormant bolts of fuel tank upper cover plate, removes fuel tank upper cover plate, then can easily clean fuel tank internal and replace liquid
Pressure oil filter core, such as needs to change filter core, can unscrew and remove old filter core and be loaded on new filter core.
Above in association with Figure of description and specific embodiment to fully hydraulic servo steering training platform provided by the invention
The principle of frame, composition and application are set forth, it should which explanation is：Various teaching benchs disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention are equal
It is based on rotary valve fully hydraulic servo steering, the technical staff in the field should be able to predict easily, at it
, can also be with side valve type fully hydraulic servo steering or other kinds of fully hydraulic servo steering system in his some embodiments
Teaching bench is made based on system.Without departing from the innovative idea of the present invention, any simple deformation or equivalent substitution, cover
In the present invention, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench, it is characterised in that：The fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench Including frame body (7), it is used to support and several wheels (8) of movable support body (7) and the fully hydraulic servo being arranged on frame body (7) Steering, the fully hydraulic servo steering can receive the input of steering force and output hydraulic pressure power；The fully hydraulic servo steering includes fuel tank (4；40), motor (5), hydraulic pump (2；20), hydraulic steering gear (6； 60), steering wheel (10；100), steering spindle (9；And at least one hydraulic cylinder (1 90)；101)；The fuel tank (4；40) it is used to deposit Liquid storage pressure oil；The hydraulic pump (2；20) it is used for realization the conveying of hydraulic oil；The motor (5) is used to drive hydraulic pump (1)；Institute State hydraulic cylinder (1；101) it is used for output hydraulic pressure power；The steering spindle (9；90) one end is fixedly attached to hydraulic steering gear (6；60), the other end is fixedly attached to steering wheel (10；100)；The hydraulic steering gear (6；60) it is used for according to the steering wheel (10；100) steering force input is matched somebody with somebody for hydraulic oil Different oil circuits is put, so that hydraulic oil is transported to the hydraulic cylinder (1；101) different cavitys, while for from hydraulic cylinder (1；101) hydraulic oil configuration returns to fuel tank (4；40) oil circuit；The hydraulic steering gear (6；60) hydraulic steering valve is included (61；601), measure motor (62；602) and when manual steering, can be with measure motor (62；602) check valve in circuit is formed (619；150), the measure motor (62；602) it is used for driving hydraulic cylinder (the 1 when metering and manual steering of hydraulic oil；101)； The hydraulic steering valve (61；601) it is used for according to the steering wheel (10；100) steering force input is different for hydraulic oil configuration Oil circuit so that hydraulic oil is transported to the hydraulic cylinder (1；101) different cavitys, while for from hydraulic cylinder (1；101) Hydraulic oil configuration return fuel tank (4；40) oil circuit；The fully hydraulic servo steering further includes steering mechanism (11) and knuckle；Deflecting roller in the wheel (8) leads to Knuckle is crossed to be connected on frame body (7)；Steering mechanism is connected on the piston rod of knuckle and hydraulic cylinder (1) at the same time；The liquid Cylinder pressure (1) realizes the steering of frame body (7) by pushing and pulling the steering mechanism (11)；The steering mechanism (11) is steering trapezium, should Steering trapezium includes two tie rod arms (112) and a drag link (111), the both ends of the drag link (111) be respectively articulated with to Wherein one end of each tie rod arm, the other end of described two tie rod arms are respectively connected to institute in described two tie rod arms (112) State the knuckle of deflecting roller；It is also, at least one in the tie rod arm (112) to be connected to hydraulic cylinder (1；101) on piston rod； Alternatively, the steering mechanism (11) is a steering arm, which is connected on the knuckle of hydraulic cylinder and deflecting roller at the same time, Hydraulic cylinder realizes the steering of deflecting roller by pushing and pulling the steering arm.
- 2. fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hydraulic steering valve (61；601) valve body (615), the valve pocket (616) being assemblied in valve body and the spool (617) being assemblied in valve pocket are included；It is described Measure motor (62) includes rotor (621) and is arranged on the stator (622) of rotor exterior；The valve body (615) and measure motor (62) distributor port disk (63) is provided between；The hydraulic steering gear (6；60) further include and allowed for carrying out machine feedback after turning to Switching valve returns to the spline connecting shaft (618) of middle position, and one end of spline connecting shaft (618) is connected to measure motor by spline (62) rotor (621), the other end by pull pin (64) be connected to spool and valve pocket；Pass through spring leaf (65) between spool and valve pocket Carry out middle position positioning.
- 3. fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fully hydraulic servo Steering teaching bench only includes a hydraulic cylinder (1), and hydraulic pump pipe joint is provided with the hydraulic steering valve (61) (61), fuel tank pipe joint (62), hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface (63) and hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface (64), the hydraulic pressure pump line Pipeline joint (61) is used to establish hydraulic pump (2) to the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve (61), fuel tank pipe joint (62) use In establishing fuel tank (4) to the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve (61), the hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity interface (63) is used to establish hydraulic pressure Oil circuit between switching valve (61) and hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity, the hydraulic cylinder rod chamber interface (64) have bar for establishing hydraulic cylinder Chamber is to the oil circuit between hydraulic steering valve (61).
- 4. fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fully hydraulic servo Steering teaching bench further includes pressure gauge (3), and the pressure gauge (3) is fixed on the frame body (7), the pressure gauge (3) pipeline is connected on the flowline of hydraulic pump (2)；And/or the fuel tank (4) includes hydraulic oil oil-level gauge (41) And fuel tank switch (42), the hydraulic oil oil-level gauge (41) are arranged on the babinet of fuel tank (4), the fuel tank switch (42) is set On the pipeline of the fuel tank (4), the hydraulic oil oil-level gauge (41) is used for the oil reserve for indicating fuel tank (4), and the fuel tank is opened Close the pipeline of (42) for the fuel tank (4) that are turned on or off.
- 5. fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fully hydraulic servo Steering teaching bench further includes the cable clip for fixing cable, and the cable clip is fixed on the frame body (7).
- 6. the fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench according to any claim in claim 1-5, its feature exist In：The hydraulic steering gear (6；60) combination valve block is further included, which, which is connected through a screw thread, is fastened on the hydraulic rotation To valve (61；601) on；It is provided with combination valve block corresponding to hydraulic steering valve (61；601) the correspondence hydraulic fluid port of each hydraulic fluid port on； Can be with measure motor (62 during the manual steering；602) check valve (619 in circuit is formed；150) it is integrated in the combination valve block It is interior.
- 7. fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the combination valve block It is additionally provided with some or all of in following valve body：Wheel is set to deflect and protect hydraulic pump for preventing hydraulic oil from flowing backwards The check valve (140) not being hit；For preventing wheel to be subject to cause system due to the unexpected rise of oil pressure during accidental shock The two-way buffer valve (120) of damage；For limiting system maximum working pressure to protect the safety valve of system safety (160).
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| CN201510918672.5A CN105405348B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | A kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench |
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| CN201510918672.5A CN105405348B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | A kind of fully hydraulic servo steering teaching bench |
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| CN105405348B true CN105405348B (en) | 2018-05-15 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107833518B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-21 | 吉林大学 | Vehicle steering mechanism optimizes experimental bench |
| CN110877636B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2022-06-10 | 陕西重型汽车有限公司 | Vehicle and vehicle steering system thereof |
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