CN105397158A - Portable three-coordinate milling machine and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Portable three-coordinate milling machine and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105397158A CN105397158A CN201510866473.4A CN201510866473A CN105397158A CN 105397158 A CN105397158 A CN 105397158A CN 201510866473 A CN201510866473 A CN 201510866473A CN 105397158 A CN105397158 A CN 105397158A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a portable three-coordinate milling machine and a machining method thereof, both of which are used for precision machining on high-accuracy mounting surfaces of some important parts on an aircraft assembly production line to meet the accuracy requirements of the mounting surfaces. The portable three-coordinate milling machine and the machining method thereof involve a flat plate assembly, an upright assembly, a sliding table assembly, a milling head and an integrated control system. When the portable three-coordinate milling machine is used for machining aircraft parts, machining can be implemented according to such steps as pre-tensioning, tool setting, cutting amount calculation and milling machining. The pneumatic milling head is compact in structure and thus can be mounted on a portable machine tool and an industrial robot in an adaptive manner. Compared with a motor milling head, the pneumatic milling head has higher cost performance.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to the machining manufacturing equipment field of airplane component, particularly a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine.
Background technology
In Boring737MAX-IF, wing flap parts are made up of interior main wing flap, interior rear wing flap 2 major parts, and long 3.6 meters, wide 1.5 meters, single rack part product spare part quantity is 718.The features such as the assembling characteristics of this product has exchange and requires high, and shape requirement controls tight, and construction space is narrow, internal structure is comparatively complicated.In the middle part of interior main wing flap lower aerofoil 281mmx307mm region in have four accurately machined installed surfaces of needs, installed surface accurately will install sliding rail frame, the size of these four installed surfaces is respectively: 44mmx85mm, 45mmx87mm, 100mmx43mm, 100mmx43mm, required precision is: flatness 0.12mm, the profile tolerance 0.7mm of relative datum.Current provisional measure is: the pad manufacturing experimently multiple different-thickness, by adjusting quantity and the thickness of pad between interior main wing flap and sliding rail frame, meets the required precision of installed surface.This method is the interim measure of emergency, and be not long-term plan, reason is as follows:
1. in, main wing flap and slide rail are important stressed member and the movement parts of aircraft, run in aircraft cunning, take off, fly, land and bear alternate load in landing overall process always, in this alternate load requires, the joint face of main wing flap and slide rail has very high anti-fatigue performance, the mode of cushioning does not meet anti-fatigue performance requirement, only can as interim alternative scheme.
2. said method efficiency is low, can not meet wing flap project construction cycle request in Boring737MAX-IF.
If the problem in above-mentioned project analogized, so on all aircrafts, there is the installed surface that some precision are very high, if the precision adopting the mode of cushioning adjustment to meet installed surface is obviously the performance that technical merit is low.Therefore, be necessary to develop a kind of small-sized machining tool, the installed surface high to required precision on aircraft components is directly processed, and so not only can meet the requirement of resistance of airplane fatigue behaviour, and meet production cycle requirement.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine and processing method thereof, on transporation by plane production line, Precision Machining is carried out to the high accuracy installed surface of some vitals, to meet the required precision of installed surface.
A kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine and processing method thereof, it contains flat component, columns assemblies, slide unit assembly, milling head, integrated control system, flat component comprises flat board, hinge seat, pretension assembly, X direction guiding rail, X to transmission mechanism, flat board is the three-back-shaped rectangular slab of a middle opening, at dull and stereotyped front upper and bottom correspondence position, two parallel X direction guiding rails are installed, below bottom wherein an X direction guiding rail, X are installed to transmission mechanism; At the reverse side of flat board, Lower diagonal installs pair of parallel and coaxial hinge seat, top is provided with multiple pretension assembly equably along opening edge, pretension assembly contains bulb type keeper, adjustable compressing member, bulb type keeper withstands the inner surface of workpiece, the outer surface of adjustable compressing member workpiece pressing, by top one pressure, for portable three-coordinate milling machine is fixed on workpiece to be processed surface, realize location and the pretension of workpiece; Columns assemblies, comprise column, be arranged on two of column right flank parallel Y-direction guide rails, with the Y-direction transmission mechanism be arranged in the middle of two Y-direction guide rails, the upper and lower two ends of column are arranged on two X direction guiding rails on described flat component respectively, and can slide along X direction guiding rail under the drive of X to transmission mechanism; Slide unit assembly contains base, Z-direction guide holder, Z-direction transmission mechanism, Z-direction guide post, and floor installation is on the Y-direction guide rail of columns assemblies, and base is with dovetail groove female, and Z-direction guide holder is with dovetail groove male, and both carry out precision-fit by dovetail groove.Z-direction guide holder is provided with Z-direction transmission mechanism and Z-direction guide post, carries out Z-direction guiding by the pilot hole of Z-direction guide holder to milling head; Milling head is arranged on Z-direction transmission mechanism; Z-direction transmission mechanism contains manual knob, a pair 90 ° of crossing helical gears, feed screw nuts, the angle of Z-direction transmission mechanism manually control handle accurately controls helical gear engagement and drives feed screw nut motion, thus realizes milling head in the accurate feeding of Z-direction and retrogressing.Integrated control system drives milling head to arrive the X, the Y-coordinate position that need milling by control X to transmission mechanism and Y-direction transmission mechanism, and Non-follow control Z-direction transmission mechanism realizes milling head Z-direction cutting movement.
Milling head contains main shaft, cutter, measurement mechanism, locking device, cooling device, filing guide device, main shaft is a high-accuracy cylindrical milling gas motor with ER collet chuck, cutter is the dish-type milling cutter being with high-accuracy foot piece, the foot piece of cutter is inserted in ER collet chuck, centering and the clamping of cutter is realized by rotating ER collet chuck, the Z-direction motion of measurement mechanism to main shaft is measured accurately, the Z-direction motion of locking device to main shaft is locked, prevent main shaft from adding the play in man-hour, cooling device cools the cutter that work high speed rotates, filing guide device carries out water conservancy diversion to the metal fillings produced in milling, locking device comprises the band annular collet chuck of opening, adjustable handle and a bolt, annular collet chuck is arranged on the end face of Z-direction guide holder, the interior cylindrical hole of annular collet chuck coordinates with the outside cylinder of main shaft and forms sliding pair, bolt connects the two ends of annular collet chuck opening, by the rotation direction of regulating handle, realize to the clamping of main shaft with unclamp, measurement mechanism contains the accurate chi of band leg, the digital display read head of band thimble, accurate chi is connected by moving sets with read head, and accurate chi is arranged on the external cylindrical surface of main shaft by its leg, and read head is arranged on the end face of Z-direction guide holder by its thimble, cooling device contains a point gas joint, cooling tracheae and cooling valve, is connected successively, forms milling machine cooling system by a point gas joint → cooling tracheae → cooling valve, filing guide device be one band mounting flange cylinder type funnel structure, one end is arranged on the end face of main shaft by flange, the other end by cylindrical sleeve on cutter.
Integrated control system contains control box, plane self-acting feed control device, limit control, control box is arranged on dull and stereotyped positive right side of face, plane self-acting feed control device is arranged on upper and lower two end faces of column, and limit control is arranged on the arranged on left and right sides in dull and stereotyped front; Control box contain open/stop button, anxious to stop, on move, move down, move to left, move to right totally six manual buttons, that opens/stop control milling head opens/stops work work, suddenly stop using in the power of cutting system, the plane motion that the button control milling head module that above moves, moves down, moves to left and move to right is formed to, Y-direction at X; Plane self-acting feed control device contains reversal valve group, reversing pin group, when the correspondence pin in reversing pin group has been gone up in certain valve contact in reversal valve group, triggers the control signal that milling head module does respective direction motion; Reversal valve group contains reversal valve, the right reversal valve of X under reversal valve on Y, Y, under the upper reversal valve of Y and Y, reversal valve is arranged on the upper-end part of driving of column, carry out contacting or disconnecting with the reversing pin group on flat board in motion process, thus it is upper or under Y or the control signal of interruption to trigger Y, the right reversal valve of X is arranged on two Y-direction screw mandrel shaft block places of column, carry out contacting or disconnecting with the base in slide unit assembly in motion process, thus trigger the control signal that X is right or interrupt; Reversing pin group contains reversing pin under reversing pin on the uniform Y of a row and the uniform Y of a row, on its Y, reversing pin is arranged on the top of the upper side rails of the X direction guiding rail on flat board, under Y, reversing pin is arranged on the below of the upper side rails of the X direction guiding rail on flat board, and under the upper reversing pin of Y and Y, reversing pin will carry out dislocation and arranges.
Use this portable three-coordinate milling machine to add man-hour to airplane component, can carry out as follows:
1) pretension: the workpiece to be processed of portable three-coordinate milling machine and transporation by plane production line is carried out pretension by pretension assembly;
2) tool setting: the position of the milling cutter in Non-follow control milling head, is designated as 0 by blade with position of cutting when surface of the work just contacts to be milled, is then locked milling head by locking device;
3) distribute the cutting number of plies according to the milling thickness of workpiece and calculate every layer of cutting output;
4) adjust the milling head amount of feeding to needing milling amount at every turn, and start the corresponding button, carry out milling processing;
5) cutter lifting, returns 0, repeats the 4th step operation, until complete the processing of all surpluses;
6) pretension assembly and hinged seat joint is unclamped;
7) portable three-coordinate milling machine is shifted out transporation by plane production line by carrying or handling mode.
This portable three-coordinate milling machine advantage has:
1) pneumatic milling header structure is compact, is adapted to the lift-launch of Portable machine tool and industrial robot.
2) pneumatic milling head has high-adaptability, high security, and the rotating speed of pneumatic spindle system can change with load, until overload is shut down and can not produce any damage to pneumatic spindle system, therefore security performance is very high.
3) rotating speed of pneumatic milling head and the adjustment of moment of torsion all very convenient, can simply stepless speed regulation and simple adjustment torsion.
4) compare motor milling head and there is higher cost performance.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment accompanying drawing, the application is described in further detail:
Accompanying drawing explanation
The pneumatic milling machine overall schematic of Fig. 1 portable three-coordinate
Fig. 2 flat component front schematic view
Fig. 3 flat component reverse side schematic diagram
The installation of Fig. 4 flat component on workpiece and pretension schematic diagram
Fig. 5 columns assemblies right flank schematic diagram
Fig. 6 columns assemblies left surface schematic diagram
Fig. 7 slide unit assembly schematic diagram
Main shaft, ER collet chuck, Cutting tool installation manner schematic diagram in Fig. 8 milling head
Z-direction transmission mechanism schematic diagram in Fig. 9 milling head
Locking device schematic diagram in Figure 10 milling head
Measurement mechanism schematic diagram in Figure 11 milling head
Cooling device schematic diagram in Figure 12 milling head
Figure 13 milling head front schematic view
Figure 14 milling head side schematic view
Figure 15 integrated control system components and parts layout drawing
Figure 16 milling head feed path figure
Figure 17 integrated control system control principle drawing
Figure 18 integrated control system gas circuit wiring diagram
Number description: 1, flat component; 2, columns assemblies; 3, slide unit assembly; 4, milling head; 5, integrated control system; 6, X direction guiding rail; 7, X is to transmission mechanism; 8, Y-direction guide rail; 9, Y-direction transmission mechanism; 10, total air inlet; 11, Z-direction transmission mechanism; 12, dull and stereotyped; 13, hinge seat; 14, pretension assembly; 15, bulb type keeper; 16, adjustable compressing member; 17, bearing block; 18, screw mandrel screw; 19, shaft coupling; 20, flange seat; 21, gas motor; 22, column; 23, Timing Belt; 24, synchronizing wheel; 25, base; 26, Z-direction guide holder; 27, manual knob; 28, helical gear; 29, Z-direction guide post; 30, feed screw nut; 31, main shaft; 32, cutter; 33, locking device; 34, measurement mechanism; 35, cooling device; 36, filing guide device; 37, ER collet chuck; 38, milling gas motor; 39, opening; 40, annular collet chuck; 41, adjustable handle; 42, bolt; 43, leg; 44, accurate chi; 45, thimble; 46, digital display read head; 47, gas joint is divided; 48, tracheae is cooled; 49, valve is cooled; 50, control box; 51, reversal valve group; 52, reversing pin group; 53, the upper reversal valve of Y; 54, reversal valve under Y; 55, the right reversal valve of X; 56, the upper reversing pin of Y; 57, reversing pin under Y; 58, tracheae; 59, workpiece; 60, handle; 61, suspension ring; 62, open/stop button; 63, scram button; 64, upper shift button; 65, lower shift button; 66, move to left button; 67, move to right button; 68, right limit valve; 69, left limit valve; 70, self-acting feed control device; 71, limit control
Detailed description of the invention
According to Fig. 1-Fig. 7, a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine, it contains flat component 1, columns assemblies 2, slide unit assembly 3, milling 4, integrated control system 5, described flat component 1 comprises flat board 12, hinge seat 13, pretension assembly 14, X direction guiding rail 6, X to transmission mechanism 7, flat board 12 is three-back-shaped rectangular slabs of a middle opening, at dull and stereotyped 12 front upper and bottom correspondence position, two parallel X direction guiding rails 6 are installed, below bottom wherein an X direction guiding rail 6, X are installed to transmission mechanism 7; At the reverse side of dull and stereotyped 12, Lower diagonal installs pair of parallel and coaxial hinge seat 13, and top is provided with multiple pretension assembly 14 equably along opening edge, for portable three-coordinate milling machine is fixed on workpiece to be processed surface, realizes location and the pretension of workpiece; Columns assemblies 2, comprise column 22, be arranged on two of column 22 right flank parallel Y-direction guide rails 8, with the Y-direction transmission mechanism 9 be arranged in the middle of two Y-direction guide rails 8, column about 22 two ends are arranged on two X direction guiding rails 6 on described flat component 1 respectively, and can slide along X direction guiding rail 6 under the drive of X to transmission mechanism 7; Slide unit assembly 3 is containing base 25, Z-direction guide holder 26, Z-direction transmission mechanism 11, Z-direction guide post 29, base 25 is arranged on the Y-direction guide rail 8 of columns assemblies 2, base 25 and Z-direction guide holder 26 are installed togather, Z-direction guide holder 26 is provided with Z-direction transmission mechanism 11 and Z-direction guide post 29, carries out Z-direction guiding by the pilot hole of Z-direction guide holder 26 to milling 4; Described milling 4 is arranged on Z-direction transmission mechanism 11; Described integrated control system 5 drives milling 4 arrival to need X, the Y-coordinate position of milling by controls X to transmission mechanism 7 and Y-direction transmission mechanism 9, and Non-follow control Z-direction transmission mechanism 11 realizes the Z-direction cutting movement of milling 4.
During manufacture, a pair X direction guiding rail 6, X are arranged on the front of dull and stereotyped 12 to transmission mechanism 7, wherein X is connected in sequence to transmission mechanism 7 by bearing block 17, screw mandrel screw 18, shaft coupling 19, the gentle motor 21 of flange seat 20, in installation process, the axis of X direction guiding rail 6 and the X axis being parallel to transmission mechanism 7 be guaranteed.At appropriate location, the both sides mounting knob 60 of dull and stereotyped 12, suspension ring 61 are installed in appropriate location up.
According to Fig. 3, a pair hinge seat 13, pretension assembly 14 are arranged on the reverse side of dull and stereotyped 12, pretension assembly 14 is arranged on the frame on open-type three limit of dull and stereotyped 12, in installation process, guarantee that two hinge seats 13 are parallel and coaxial.
Shown in Fig. 4, the bulb type keeper 15 of pretension assembly 14 in flat component 1 is withstood the medial surface of workpiece 59, by adjustable compressing member 16 through the fabrication hole on workpiece 59, seal face is pressed in the outer surface of workpiece 59, realizes the pretension of portable milling machine on workpiece 59.
According to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a pair Y-direction guide rail 8, Y-direction transmission mechanism 9 are arranged on the right flank of column 22, wherein Y-direction transmission mechanism 9 is connected in sequence by bearing block 17, Timing Belt 23, synchronizing wheel 24, gas motor 21, in installation process, axis and Y-direction transmission mechanism 9 axis being parallel of Y-direction guide rail 8 be guaranteed.
According to Fig. 7, base 25 is with dovetail groove female, Z-direction guide holder 26 is with dovetail groove male, base 25 and Z-direction guide holder 26 are connected by dovetail groove, and feed screw nut 30, helical gear 28, manual knob 27 are connected in turn in order, Z-direction guide post 29 is arranged on Z-direction guide holder 25 meanwhile, in installation process, the axis of Z-direction guide post 29 and the axis being parallel of feed screw nut 30 be guaranteed.Z-direction transmission mechanism 11 is containing manual knob 27, a pair 90 ° of crossing helical gears 28, feed screw nuts 30, the angle of Z-direction transmission mechanism 11 manually control handle 27 accurately controls helical gear 28 and engages and drive feed screw nut 30 to move, thus realizes milling 4 in the accurate feeding of Z-direction and retrogressing.
The detailed construction of milling 4 is shown in Fig. 8-12, milling 4 is containing main shaft 31, cutter 32, locking device 33, measurement mechanism 34, cooling device 35, filing guide device 36, main shaft 31 is the high-accuracy cylindrical milling gas motors 38 with ER collet chuck 37, cutter 32 is the dish-type milling cutter being with high-accuracy foot piece, the foot piece of cutter 32 is inserted in ER collet chuck 37, centering and the clamping of cutter 32 is realized by rotating ER collet chuck 37, the Z-direction motion of measurement mechanism 34 pairs of main shafts 31 is measured accurately, the Z-direction motion of locking device 33 pairs of main shafts 31 is locked, prevent main shaft 31 from adding the play in man-hour, cooling device 35 cools the cutter 32 that work high speed rotates, the metal fillings produced in filing guide device 36 pairs of millings carries out water conservancy diversion, locking device 33 comprises the band annular collet chuck 40 of opening, adjustable handle 41 and a bolt 42, annular collet chuck 40 is arranged on the end face of Z-direction guide holder 26, the interior cylindrical hole of annular collet chuck 40 coordinates with the outside cylinder of main shaft 31 and forms sliding pair, bolt 42 connects the two ends of annular collet chuck opening 39, by the rotation direction of regulating handle 41, realize to the clamping of main shaft 31 with unclamp, the digital display read head 46 of the accurate chi 44 of measurement mechanism 34 containing band leg 43, band thimble 45, accurate chi 44 is connected by moving sets with read head 46, and accurate chi 44 is arranged on the external cylindrical surface of main shaft 31 by its leg 43, and read head 46 is arranged on the end face of Z-direction guide holder 26 by its thimble 45, cooling device 35, containing a point gas joint 47, cooling tracheae 48 and cooling valve 49, is connected successively by point gas joint 47 → cooling tracheae 48 → cooling valve 49, forms milling machine cooling system, filing guide device 36 be one band mounting flange cylinder type funnel structure, one end is arranged on the end face of main shaft 31 by flange, the other end by cylindrical sleeve on cutter 32.
Specifically, in Fig. 8, at the output shaft end of milling gas motor 38, ER collet chuck 37 is installed, the foot piece of cutter 32 is inserted in ER collet chuck 37, by screwing ER collet chuck 37, making the rotation of cutter 32 and the dead in line of milling gas motor 38.Shown in Fig. 9, the output of a pair right angle intersection helical gear 28 is fixedly mounted on flange seat 20 and feed screw nut 30, and on the input of helical gear 28, manual knob 27 is installed.
Shown in Figure 10, bolt 42 is screwed in the screw thread of the annular collet chuck 40 of band opening 39, at the end of bolt 42, adjustable handle 41 is installed, by rotating the positive and negative of adjustable handle 41, control the size of opening 39, and then control the annular diameters size of annular collet chuck 40.
As shown in figure 11, the digital display read head 46 of thimble 45 is with can be free to slide on the accuracy rule 44 of band leg 43.
Shown in Figure 12, the entrance of point gas joint 47 is arranged on the air inlet place of milling gas motor 38, the entrance and exit of cooling tracheae 48 connects the entrance of point outlet of gas joint 47 and cooling valve 49 respectively.
Shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, the external cylindrical surface of cylindrical hole and main shaft 31 in Z-direction guide holder 26 is slidably matched, forms Z axis straight-line guidance.On external cylindrical surface Z-direction transmission mechanism 11 being arranged on respectively main shaft 31 by flange seat 20 and feed screw nut 30 and on the end face of Z-direction guide holder 26, by the effect of Z-direction transmission mechanism, realize main shaft in the feeding of Z axis and retrogressing.Locking device 33 is clipped on the external cylindrical surface of main shaft 31 by annular collet chuck 40, realizes the locking to main shaft.Accurate chi 44 is arranged on main shaft 31 by leg 43 by measurement mechanism 34, is arranged on Z-direction guide holder by digital display read head by thimble 45.
Integrated control system 5 is pressed shown in Figure 15, containing control box 50, plane self-acting feed control device 70, limit control 71, control box 50 is arranged on dull and stereotyped 12 positive right side of face, plane self-acting feed control device 70 is arranged on upper and lower two end faces of column 22, and limit control 71 is arranged on the arranged on left and right sides of dull and stereotyped 12 outer surfaces; Control box 50 containing opening/stop button 62, scram button 63, upper shift button 64, lower shift button 65, the button 66 that moves to left, move to right button 67 totally six manual buttons, open/stop that button 62 controls milling head opens/stop work work, scram button 63 is for the power of cutting system, and upper shift button 64, lower shift button 65, move to left button 66 and the button 67 that moves to right control the plane motion that milling head module 4 is formed to, Y-direction at X; Plane self-acting feed control device 70, containing reversal valve group 51, reversing pin group 52, when the correspondence pin in reversing pin group 52 has been gone up in certain valve contact in reversal valve group 51, has triggered the control signal that milling head module 4 does respective direction motion; Reversal valve group 51 is containing reversal valve 54, the right reversal valve 55 of X under reversal valve 53, Y on Y, under the upper reversal valve 53 of Y and Y, reversal valve 54 is arranged on the upper-end part of driving of column 22, carry out contacting or disconnecting with the reversing pin group 52 on dull and stereotyped 12 in motion process, thus it is upper or under Y or the control signal of interruption to trigger Y, the right reversal valve 55 of X is arranged on two Y-direction screw mandrel shaft block 17 places of column 22, carry out contacting or disconnecting with the base 25 in slide unit assembly 3 in motion process, thus trigger the control signal that X is right or interrupt; Reversing pin group 52 arranges reversing pin 57 under uniform Y containing the upper reversing pin of the Y that a row is uniform 56 and one, on its Y, reversing pin 56 is arranged on the top of the upper side rails of the X direction guiding rail 6 on dull and stereotyped 12, under Y, reversing pin 57 is arranged on the below of the upper side rails of the X direction guiding rail 6 on dull and stereotyped 12, and the upper reversing pin 56 of Y will carry out dislocation with reversing pin 57 under Y and arrange.Just as the people that the front two rows that stands is taken a picture, after the people that takes a picture of a row to stand between front-seat two people the same, namely front-back staggered is arranged.
After portable three-coordinate milling machine is in place, process by the milling machining path of Figure 16 planning, Figure 17 is the control principle drawing realizing Figure 16 machining path, and Figure 18 is the gas circuit wiring diagram according to Figure 17 control principle G-Design.
After portable three-coordinate milling machine is in place, here is exactly the process of milling processing:
1) pretension: the workpiece to be processed of portable three-coordinate milling machine and transporation by plane production line is carried out pretension by pretension assembly 14;
2) tool setting: the position of the milling cutter 32 in Non-follow control milling 4, is designated as 0 by blade with position of cutting when surface of the work just contacts to be milled, is then locked by locking device 33 pairs of millings 4;
3) distribute the cutting number of plies according to the milling thickness of workpiece and calculate every layer of cutting output;
4) adjust milling 4 amount of feeding to needing milling amount at every turn, and start the corresponding button, carry out milling processing;
5) cutter lifting, returns 0, repeats the 4th step operation, until complete the processing of all surpluses;
6) joint of pretension assembly 14 and hinged seat 13 is unclamped;
7) portable three-coordinate milling machine is shifted out transporation by plane production line by carrying or handling mode.
This portable three-coordinate milling machine has following characteristics:
1) portable three-coordinate milling machine is about 600mm, and height is 760mm about, and wide about 260mm, heavily about 36kg, be easy to portable, and in plane, Two coordinate is automatically control, and depth direction is that hand-guided knob controls.
2) range of work of portable three-coordinate milling machine is 400mmx400mm, and working depth is 10mm, is applicable to the processing needs of some Small-scale Flats.
3) the machining accuracy index of portable three-coordinate milling machine is: profile tolerance reaches 0.7mm, and flatness reaches 0.12mm, and precision machining is high.
4) under identical volume, compare motor milling head and hydraulic pressure milling module, there is the combination property advantage that obvious power is large, moment of torsion is large and rotating speed is high, as diameter Ф 40mm, the power output of long 200mm gas axis system under 6bar air pressure reach 1300w, moment of torsion reaches 2.5Nm, turn up 5000rpm.
Portable three-coordinate milling machine has high-adaptability, high security, and the rotating speed of pneumatic spindle system can change with load, until overload is shut down and can not produce any damage to pneumatic spindle system, therefore security performance is very high.The rotating speed of pneumatic milling head and the adjustment of moment of torsion all very convenient, can simply stepless speed regulation and simple adjustment torsion.Compare motor milling head and there is higher cost performance.
Claims (9)
1. a portable three-coordinate milling machine and processing method thereof, comprise flat component (1), columns assemblies (2), slide unit assembly (3), milling head (4), integrated control system (5), described flat component (1) comprises flat board (12), hinge seat (13), pretension assembly (14), X direction guiding rail (6), X is to transmission mechanism (7), dull and stereotyped (12) are the three-back-shaped rectangular slabs of a middle opening, in dull and stereotyped (12) front upper and bottom correspondence position, two parallel X direction guiding rails (6) are installed, in bottom, wherein X direction guiding rail (6) below is provided with X to transmission mechanism (7), at the reverse side of dull and stereotyped (12), Lower diagonal installs pair of parallel and coaxial hinge seat (13), top is provided with multiple pretension assembly (14) equably along opening edge, for portable three-coordinate milling machine is fixed on workpiece to be processed surface, realize location and the pretension of workpiece, described columns assemblies (2), comprise column (22), be arranged on two of column (22) right flank parallel Y-direction guide rails (8), with the Y-direction transmission mechanism (9) be arranged in the middle of two Y-direction guide rails (8), column (22) is arranged on two X direction guiding rails (6) on described flat component (1) at two ends up and down respectively, and can slide along X direction guiding rail (6) under the drive of X to transmission mechanism (7), described slide unit assembly (3) is containing base (25), Z-direction guide holder (26), Z-direction transmission mechanism (11), Z-direction guide post (29), base (25) is arranged on the Y-direction guide rail (8) of columns assemblies (2), base (25) and Z-direction guide holder (26) are installed togather, Z-direction guide holder (26) is provided with Z-direction transmission mechanism (11) and Z-direction guide post (29), carries out Z-direction guiding by the pilot hole of Z-direction guide holder (26) to milling head (4), described milling 4 is arranged on Z-direction transmission mechanism (11), described integrated control system (5) drives milling head (4) to arrive the X, the Y-coordinate position that need milling by control X to transmission mechanism (7) and Y-direction transmission mechanism (9), and Non-follow control Z-direction transmission mechanism (11) realizes milling head (4) Z-direction feed motion.
2. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described milling head (4) is containing main shaft (31), cutter (32), locking device (33), measurement mechanism (34), cooling device (35), filing guide device (36), main shaft (31) is a high-accuracy cylindrical milling gas motor (38) with ER collet chuck (37), cutter (32) is the dish-type milling cutter of the high-accuracy foot piece of band, the foot piece of cutter (32) is inserted in ER collet chuck (37), centering and the clamping of cutter (32) is realized by rotating ER collet chuck (37), the Z-direction motion of measurement mechanism (34) to main shaft (31) is measured accurately, the Z-direction motion of locking device (33) to main shaft (31) is locked, prevent main shaft (31) from adding the play in man-hour, cooling device (35) cools the cutter (32) that work high speed rotates, filing guide device (36) carries out water conservancy diversion to the metal fillings produced in milling, locking device (33) comprises the band annular collet chuck (40) of opening, adjustable handle (41) and a bolt (42), annular collet chuck (40) is arranged on the end face of Z-direction guide holder (26), the interior cylindrical hole of annular collet chuck (40) coordinates with the outside cylinder of main shaft (31) and forms sliding pair, bolt (42) connects the two ends of annular collet chuck opening (39), by the rotation direction of regulating handle (41), realize to the clamping of main shaft (31) with unclamp, the digital display read head (46) of the accurate chi (44) of measurement mechanism (34) containing band leg (43), band thimble (45), accurate chi (44) is connected by moving sets with read head (46), accurate chi (44) is arranged on the external cylindrical surface of main shaft (31) by its leg (43), and read head (46) is arranged on the end face of Z-direction guide holder (26) by its thimble (45), cooling device (35) is containing a point gas joint (47), cooling tracheae (48) and cooling valve (49), be connected successively by point gas joint (47) → cooling tracheae (48) → cooling valve (49), form milling machine cooling system, filing guide device (36) be one band mounting flange cylinder type funnel structure, one end is arranged on the end face of main shaft (31) by flange, the other end by cylindrical sleeve on cutter (32).
3. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described pretension assembly (14) is containing bulb type keeper (15), adjustable compressing member (16), bulb type keeper (15) withstands the inner surface of workpiece (59), the outer surface of adjustable compressing member (16) workpiece pressing (59), by top one pressure, realize location and the pretension of portable three-coordinate milling machine.
4. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that X is made up of bearing block (17), screw-nut (18), shaft coupling (19), flange seat (20), gas motor (21) successively to transmission mechanism (7).
5. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Y-direction transmission mechanism (9) is made up of bearing block (17), synchronizing wheel (24), Timing Belt (23), flange seat (20), gas motor (21) successively.
6. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that Z-direction transmission mechanism (11) is containing manual knob (27), a pair 90 ° of crossing helical gears (28), feed screw nut (30), the angle of Z-direction transmission mechanism (11) manually control handle (27) accurately controls helical gear (28) engagement and drives feed screw nut (30) motion, thus realizes milling head (4) in the accurate feeding of Z-direction and retrogressing.
7. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described base (25) is with dovetail groove female, Z-direction guide holder (26) is with dovetail groove male, and both carry out precision-fit by dovetail groove.
8. a kind of portable three-coordinate milling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described integrated control system (5), containing control box (50), plane self-acting feed control device (70), limit control (71), control box (50) is arranged on the positive right side of face of flat board (12), plane self-acting feed control device (70) is arranged on upper and lower two end faces of column (22), and limit control (71) is arranged on the arranged on left and right sides in flat board (12) front, control box (50) is containing opening/stopping button (62), scram button (63), upper shift button (64), lower shift button (65), the button that moves to left (66), the button that moves to right (67) totally six manual buttons, that opens/stop button (62) control milling head opens/stops work work, scram button (63) is for cutting off the power of whole system, and upper shift button (64), lower shift button (65), the button that moves to left (66) and the button that moves to right (67) control the plane motion that milling head (4) is formed to, Y-direction at X, plane self-acting feed control device (70) is containing reversal valve group (51), reversing pin group (52), when the correspondence pin in reversing pin group (52) has been gone up in certain valve contact in reversal valve group (51), trigger the control signal that respective direction motion is done in milling head module (4), reversal valve group (51) is containing reversal valve on Y (53), reversal valve (54) under Y, the right reversal valve of X (55), under the upper reversal valve of Y (53) and Y, reversal valve (54) is arranged on the upper-end part of driving of column (22), carry out contacting or disconnecting with the reversing pin group (52) on dull and stereotyped (12) in motion process, thus it is upper or under Y or the control signal of interruption to trigger Y, the right reversal valve of X (55) is arranged on two Y-direction screw mandrel shaft block (17) places of column (22), carry out contacting or disconnecting with the base (25) in slide unit assembly (3) in motion process, thus trigger the control signal that X is right or interrupt, reversing pin group (52) arranges reversing pin (57) under uniform Y containing the upper reversing pin (56) of the uniform Y of a row and one, on its Y, reversing pin (56) is arranged on the top of the upper side rails of the X direction guiding rail (6) on flat board (12), under Y, reversing pin (57) is arranged on the below of the upper side rails of the X direction guiding rail (6) on flat board (12), and the upper reversing pin of Y (56) will carry out dislocation with reversing pin (57) under Y and arrange.
9. use a processing method for the portable three-coordinate milling machine described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) pretension: the workpiece to be processed of portable three-coordinate milling machine and transporation by plane production line is carried out pretension by pretension assembly (14);
2) tool setting: the position of the milling cutter (32) in Non-follow control milling head (4), blade is designated as 0 with position of cutting when surface of the work just contacts to be milled, then by locking device (33), milling head (4) is locked;
3) distribute the cutting number of plies according to the milling thickness of workpiece and calculate every layer of cutting output;
4) adjust milling head (4) amount of feeding to needing milling amount at every turn, and start the corresponding button, carry out milling processing;
5) cutter lifting, returns 0, repeats the 4th step operation, until complete the processing of all surpluses;
6) joint of pretension assembly (14) and hinged seat (13) is unclamped;
7) portable three-coordinate milling machine is shifted out transporation by plane production line by carrying or handling mode.
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| CN105397158B (en) | 2017-12-19 |
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