CN105396888A - Equal-diameter angle extrusion device under combined effect of ultrasound waves and back pressure - Google Patents
Equal-diameter angle extrusion device under combined effect of ultrasound waves and back pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105396888A CN105396888A CN201510639564.4A CN201510639564A CN105396888A CN 105396888 A CN105396888 A CN 105396888A CN 201510639564 A CN201510639564 A CN 201510639564A CN 105396888 A CN105396888 A CN 105396888A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/004—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion using vibratory energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
An equal-diameter angle extrusion device under the combined effect of ultrasound waves and back pressure comprises an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate. A threaded hole in the upper end of the upper mold plate is connected with a hydraulic plunger on a hydraulic machine. The upper end of a cushion block is connected with the upper mold plate, and the lower end of the cushion block is connected with a male mold. The male mold is fixed in a check ring, and the upper end of the check ring is fixedly connected with the cushion block. The upper end of a guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper mold plate. The lower end of the guide sleeve is connected with a guide column, and the lower end of the guide column is fixedly connected with the lower mold plate. The lower end of a female mold is fixed to the lower mold plate. The lateral face of the female mold is fixed with a split stress ring. The front section of an ejector rod penetrates through an ejector rod through hole in the female mold. An ultrasound wave vibration device is fixed to the ejector rod. The high-intensity ultrasound waves are input into the ejector rod, high-frequency periodic vibration and displacement are generated on the surface of the ejector rod, and after back pressure is applied, the homogenization of an extruded part is improved, grains are refined, and the problems that grains are refined unevenly and the extruded part has cracks in an equal-diameter angle extrusion mold are effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal severe Plastic Deformation Methods field, the equal channel angular pressing pressure device specifically under a kind of ultrasonic wave and back pressure synergy.
Background technology
Super fine crystal material refers to that crystallite dimension is in the submicron order of 100nm ~ 1um or nanometer materials.Ultra-fine grained structure material usually shows the mechanical property of a series of excellence, as high strength and good toughness, wearability etc., is therefore widely used in Aero-Space, skyscraper, large span heavy duty bridge, light weight energy-saving automobile, large-scale engineering machinery etc.
In numerous thinning method, severe plastic deformation as a kind of uniqueness, plastic processing method for the purpose of organizational controls directly can obtain the brilliant and nanometer crystal microstructure of sub-micro.Equal Channel Angular Pressing prepares the most effective severe plastic deformation method of the block super fine crystal material of high-performance at present, is also one of technology of current most industrial applications prospect.Equal channel angular pressing platen press (ECAP) is proposed by Segal the earliest and obtains the attention of many researchers, ECAP key is that pure shear is out of shape, the reciprocation of detrusion causes grain refinement, the Microstructure evolution being extruded material controls by work hardening in extrusion process, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization, finally reaches crystal grain thinning, improves the object of material comprehensive mechanical property.The technology that block body ultrafine grain metal material is prepared in ECAP distortion has shown tempting market prospects, if biomedical material, high-tech net-size forging, noble metal sputtering target material, superplasticforming material, advanced technological arms etc. are all the potential applications that ECAP prepares ultrafine grain metal material.Existing ECAP mould has three shortcomings: the extrusion surface of 1) preparing easily cracks or cut; 2) uniformity of the sample tissue prepared and the distribution of plastically deforming area bad; 3) super fine crystal material that prepared by existing ECAP mould is difficult to reach below 200nm on yardstick.Therefore, develop a set of suitable equal channel angular pressing compression experiment device, it is very necessary for studying for the ECAP carrying out metal material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in existing Equal Channel Angular Pressing technology, equal channel angular pressing pressure device under a kind of ultrasonic wave and back pressure synergy is provided, by ultrasonic applications in ECAP Die, material dislocation density can be increased when ultrasonic wave is propagated in solid material, reduce the internal friction of material and produce heat, under the coupling of the Alternating stress field that ultrasonic wave produces and the stress field that elastic-plastic deformation produces, make blank generation severe plastic deformation; Apply back pressure in equal channel angular pressing and can expand ECAP process plastic deformation area, can effectively increase test piece deformation amount and deformation uniformity, improve material plasticity adaptability to changes.More than be applied to ultrasonic wave in ECAP process and back pressure all can improve the uniformity and refiner material crystal grain organized, prepare bulk nano-crystalline.The present invention effectively can improve the refinement of extrusion crystal grain and the uniformity of tissue, prepares high-quality extrusion.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under a kind of ultrasonic wave and back pressure synergy, comprise cope match-plate pattern, cushion block, back-up ring, circle stress, guide pin bushing, die, ejector beam, guide pillar, lower bolster, hydraulic plunger, punch and ultrasonic vibration apparatus, concrete structure with annexation is: the described screwed hole of cope match-plate pattern upper end is connected with the hydraulic plunger on hydraulic press, cushion block upper end is connected with cope match-plate pattern, cushion block lower end is connected with punch, punch is fixed in back-up ring, back-up ring upper end is fixedly connected with cushion block, the upper end of guide pin bushing is fixedly connected with cope match-plate pattern, lower end and the guide pillar of guide pin bushing connect, the lower end of guide pillar is fixedly connected with lower bolster, die lower end is fixed on lower bolster, split circle stress in die side is fixed, ejector beam leading portion is through the ejector beam through hole on die, ultrasonic vibration apparatus is fixed on ejector beam.
The construction method of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under described ultrasonic wave and back pressure synergy, comprises the steps:
1) according to the size of extrusion, the external diameter of punch is determined;
2) extrusion is put into die;
3) primer fluid press, the cope match-plate pattern of mould and lower bolster are done relative motion and are driven cushion block and punch motion under hydraulic press effect;
4) start ultrasonic vibration apparatus, produce resonance under making ejector beam ul-trasonic irradiation, ejector beam produces dither;
5) hydraulic plunger of hydraulic press is descending, promotes punch descending, promotes extrusion and passes downwardly through die, prepare workpiece;
6) open circle stress, separately die, take out extrusion.
Described ultrasonic vibration apparatus comprises ultrasonic amplifier, ultrasonic transducer and supersonic generator; Ultrasonic amplifier is connected with ejector beam by screw or alignment pin, and ultrasonic amplifier is connected with ultrasonic transducer by screw rod, and ultrasonic transducer is connected with supersonic generator by cable.
Described ultrasonic transducer is placed on ultrasonic amplifier.
Described die is symmetrical two splits, and symmetrical two split die lower ends are fixed on lower bolster by alignment pin, and symmetrical two split die side circle stresses are fixed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Ultrasonic wave and back pressure are applied in Equal Channel Angular Pressing technology, in ECAP deformation process, apply back pressure, due to the effect of hydrostatic pressure, material especially difficult-to-machine material can be out of shape at low temperatures, can crystal grain thinning effectively, the formation of Crack prevention.
By high-strength ultrasonic is input in ejector beam, high frequency period vibration displacement is produced on ejector beam surface, produce due to vibration between ejector beam with extrusion in ultrasonic assistant equal channel angular pressing and be separated instantaneously, thus extrusion is produced strong " bulk effect " and " skin effect ", also has the hydrostatic pressure of back pressure, be mainly reflected in the following aspects: the friction behavior 1) in the distortion of vibration change traditional plastic and metal flow behavior, be conducive to deformation processing; 2) vibration increases material dislocation density, reduces the internal friction of material and produce heat, reduces the glutinous weldering in local phenomenon; 3), under the coupling of the stress field that ultrasonic wave produces Alternating stress field and elastic-plastic deformation produce, be material generation severe plastic deformation, the uniformity that raising is organized and refiner material crystal grain; 4) back pressure can crystal grain thinning and can the formation of Crack prevention effectively.Therefore, by ultrasonic wave dither and applying back pressure, improve extrusion homogenising and crystal grain thinning, effectively overcome the problem existing for current ECAP Die.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave of the present invention and back pressure synergy.
Fig. 2 is the extrusion schematic diagram of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave of the present invention and back pressure synergy.
Fig. 3 is the cavity die structure schematic diagram of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave of the present invention and back pressure synergy.
Fig. 4 is the circle stress structural representation of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave of the present invention and back pressure synergy.
Fig. 5 is the knockout pin arrangement schematic diagram of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave of the present invention and back pressure synergy.
Be labeled as in figure: 1-cope match-plate pattern, 2-cushion block, 3-back-up ring, 4-circle stress, 5-guide pin bushing, 6-die, 7-ejector beam, 8-guide pillar, 9-lower bolster, 10-hydraulic plunger, 11-punch, 12-ultrasonic amplifier, 13-ultrasonic transducer, 14-cable, 15-extrusion, 16-supersonic generator.
Detailed description of the invention
By the following examples technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave of the present invention and back pressure synergy, comprises cope match-plate pattern 1, cushion block 2, back-up ring 3, circle stress 4, guide pin bushing 5, die 6, ejector beam 7, guide pillar 8, lower bolster 9, hydraulic plunger 10, punch 11 and ultrasonic vibration apparatus.Cope match-plate pattern 1 and lower bolster 9 can do relative motion; Cushion block 2 upper end is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 1, and the screwed hole of cope match-plate pattern 1 upper end is connected with the hydraulic plunger 10 on hydraulic press, and back-up ring 3 upper end is fixed on cushion block 2, and punch 11 upper end is fixed on cushion block 2 and is fixed in back-up ring 3; Upper end and the cope match-plate pattern 1 of guide pin bushing 5 are fixed, and lower end and the guide pillar 8 of guide pin bushing 5 connect, and lower end and the lower bolster 9 of guide pillar 8 are fixed; Die 6 lower end is fixed on lower bolster 9, and die 6 side adopts split circle stress 4 to fix, and split circle stress 4 is interconnected; Ejector beam 7 leading portion is through the through hole of the ejector beam 7 on die 6; Ultrasonic vibration apparatus is fixed on ejector beam 7.
Described ultrasonic vibration apparatus comprises ultrasonic amplifier 12, ultrasonic transducer 13 and supersonic generator 16; Ejector beam 7 is connected with ultrasonic amplifier 12, and ultrasonic amplifier 12 is connected with ultrasonic transducer 13, and ultrasonic transducer 13 connects supersonic generator 16 by cable 14; Ultrasonic transducer 13 is placed on ultrasonic amplifier 12, and ultrasonic amplifier 12 and ultrasonic transducer 13 are placed on ejector beam 7.
In order to take out extrusion easily, adopt two symmetrical split die 6 lower ends of symmetrical split die 6, two to be fixed on lower bolster 9, and two symmetrical split die 6 sides adopt circle stress 4 to fix, circle stress 4 is made up of two parts and is interconnected.
Operation principle and process:
The remarkable crystal grain thinning of back pressure energy that ejector beam provides and the formation of Crack prevention, and hyperacoustic thermally softening can reduce extrusion friction power.Therefore, ultrasonic vibration apparatus is fixed on ejector beam can provide ultrasonic wave and back pressure to be input on extrusion simultaneously, extrusion is produced strong " bulk effect " and " skin effect ", also has the hydrostatic pressure of back pressure, comparatively back pressure Equal Channel Angular Pressing provides ultrasonic wave effect of vibration more, not only compared with ultrasonic vibration punch and die Equal Channel Angular Pressing but also provide the effect of back pressure more.The course of work is: according to the size of extrusion 15, determines the external diameter of punch 11; Extrusion 15 is put into die 6; Primer fluid press, the cope match-plate pattern 1 of mould and lower bolster 9 are done relative motion and are driven cushion block 2 and punch 11 to move under hydraulic press effect; Start ultrasonic vibration apparatus, produce resonance under making ejector beam 7 ul-trasonic irradiation, ejector beam 7 produces dither; The hydraulic plunger of hydraulic press is descending, promotes punch 11 descending, promotes extrusion 15 and passes downwardly through die 6, thus prepare high-quality workpiece; Finally open circle stress 4, separately die 6, take out extrusion 15.
Claims (5)
1. the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under a ultrasonic wave and back pressure synergy, comprise cope match-plate pattern, cushion block, back-up ring, circle stress, guide pin bushing, die, ejector beam, guide pillar, lower bolster, hydraulic plunger, punch and ultrasonic vibration apparatus, it is characterized in that, concrete structure with annexation is: the described screwed hole of cope match-plate pattern upper end is connected with the hydraulic plunger on hydraulic press, cushion block upper end is connected with cope match-plate pattern, cushion block lower end is connected with punch, punch is fixed in back-up ring, back-up ring upper end is fixedly connected with cushion block, the upper end of guide pin bushing is fixedly connected with cope match-plate pattern, lower end and the guide pillar of guide pin bushing connect, the lower end of guide pillar is fixedly connected with lower bolster, die lower end is fixed on lower bolster, split circle stress in die side is fixed, ejector beam leading portion is through the ejector beam through hole on die, ultrasonic vibration apparatus is fixed on ejector beam.
2. the construction method of the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave according to claim 1 and back pressure synergy, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) according to the size of extrusion, the external diameter of punch is determined;
2) extrusion is put into die;
3) primer fluid press, the cope match-plate pattern of mould and lower bolster are done relative motion and are driven cushion block and punch motion under hydraulic press effect;
4) start ultrasonic vibration apparatus, make ejector beam produce resonance under ul-trasonic irradiation, ejector beam produces dither;
5) hydraulic plunger of hydraulic press is descending, promotes punch descending, promotes extrusion and passes downwardly through die, prepare workpiece;
6) open circle stress, separately die, take out extrusion.
3. the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave according to claim 1 and back pressure synergy, it is characterized in that, described ultrasonic vibration apparatus comprises ultrasonic amplifier, ultrasonic transducer and supersonic generator; Ultrasonic amplifier is connected with ejector beam by screw or alignment pin, and ultrasonic amplifier is connected with ultrasonic transducer by screw rod, and ultrasonic transducer is connected with supersonic generator by cable.
4. the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave according to claim 1 and back pressure synergy, it is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transducer is placed on ultrasonic amplifier.
5. the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under ultrasonic wave according to claim 1 and back pressure synergy, it is characterized in that, described die is symmetrical two splits, and symmetrical two split die lower ends are fixed on lower bolster by alignment pin, and symmetrical two split die side circle stresses are fixed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510639564.4A CN105396888B (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | A kind of ultrasonic wave and the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under back pressure synergy |
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| CN201510639564.4A CN105396888B (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | A kind of ultrasonic wave and the equal channel angular pressing pressure device under back pressure synergy |
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| CN105396888B CN105396888B (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106269944A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-04 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of ECAE processes the process of 65Mn Steel material |
| CN107893201A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-04-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Reciprocal squeeze for preparing super fine crystal material turns round the isometrical angle manufacturing process of upsetting |
| CN109772913A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 燕山大学 | The isometrical pressurizing unit of temperature control under electric field action |
| WO2019113995A1 (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-20 | 华中科技大学 | Plastic forming and toughening process method and apparatus based on ultrasonic vibration |
| CN110026444A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-19 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of automation equipment being used to prepare ultrafine grain metal material and control method |
| CN110695109A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multidirectional composite ultrasonic vibration assisted ECAP (electron cyclotron resonance imaging) forming processing equipment and forming method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109290382B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-02-07 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion device for continuous equal channel angles |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106269944A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-04 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of ECAE processes the process of 65Mn Steel material |
| CN107893201A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-04-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Reciprocal squeeze for preparing super fine crystal material turns round the isometrical angle manufacturing process of upsetting |
| WO2019113995A1 (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-20 | 华中科技大学 | Plastic forming and toughening process method and apparatus based on ultrasonic vibration |
| CN109772913A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 燕山大学 | The isometrical pressurizing unit of temperature control under electric field action |
| CN109772913B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-04-24 | 燕山大学 | Temperature-control equal-diameter extrusion device under action of electric field |
| CN110026444A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-19 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of automation equipment being used to prepare ultrafine grain metal material and control method |
| CN110695109A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multidirectional composite ultrasonic vibration assisted ECAP (electron cyclotron resonance imaging) forming processing equipment and forming method |
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| CN105396888B (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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