CN101116879A - Equal channels extrusion device - Google Patents
Equal channels extrusion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101116879A CN101116879A CNA2007100301884A CN200710030188A CN101116879A CN 101116879 A CN101116879 A CN 101116879A CN A2007100301884 A CNA2007100301884 A CN A2007100301884A CN 200710030188 A CN200710030188 A CN 200710030188A CN 101116879 A CN101116879 A CN 101116879A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an equivalent channel extruding device which belongs to the materials processing engineering field. The invention is characterized in that: an upper die (1) is provided with a vertical channel (3) and a horizontal channel (4); both channels the cross sections of which are the same in shape and area take the shape of T and are communicated with each other, a lower die (2) is a flat plate suitable for use with the upper die; the relative positions of the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are provided with bolt points (6) and fixedly connected with each other through bolts (5); the optimized structure of the channels is an axisymmetric channel with the center line of the vertical channel (3) coincided with the perpendicular bisector of the horizontal channel (4); the optimized shape of the cross sections is round or square. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, regular shape of specimen after processing, increase of effective usable volume of materials and reduction of the production cost. Moreover, the intensity, unit extension and microhardness hardness of the materials are improved significantly. The invention can be widely used in materials processing fields such as pure metal, alloy, composite material and high molecular material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to materials processing engineering field, relate to a kind of pressurizing unit, especially a kind ofly be used for the equal-channel extrusion device that the refinement material grains prepares the ultramicro crystal material.
Background technology
Violent plastic deformation technology (being called for short SPD) is the new technology with strong grain refining capability that grows up the eighties in 20th century.Such technology is by applying violent plastic deformation to block materials, can be directly the interior tissue of material be refine to sub-micron and even nanoscale, being known as by international material educational circles is the most promising method that preparation has the block nanometer and the super fine crystal material of high-angle boundary.Recent years, the large plastometric set technology has obtained swift and violent development, mainly contains equal channel angle extruding (ECAP), high pressure torsion (HPT), reciprocating extrusion (CEC), accumulation rolling (ARB) etc.Russian scientist R.Z.Valiev is at its works " violent plastic deformation nano material " (R.Z.Valiev, the I.V.Alexandrov work, Lin Bainian translates, Beijing, Science Press, 2006, the 5 pages to the 7th page) in introduced the equal channel angle pressurizing unit, two passages in this pressurizing unit have identical section, and two passages constitute " L " shape passage with certain angle of intersection.During extruding, material is in the corner of two passages, producing local big shearing plastic deformation makes material grains obtain very big refinement, material does not change at extrusion process front and back shape of cross section and area simultaneously, so repeatedly extruding can make the dependent variable accumulation superposition of each time distortion repeatedly, thereby obtains sizable overall strain amount.
Yet, test finds that structurally there is weak point in this " L " shape passage, cause material both ends shape after extruding that bigger change is arranged, it is pointed that majority is rib, as T.G.Langdon etc. at " Materials Science and Engineering A " (Materials Science and Engineering A) 2006,430 (1-2): it is shown to deliver in the paper that is entitled as " waiting the superplasticity of passage extruding ZK60 magnesium alloy and the research of structural homogenity " (The development of superplastic ductilities and microstructural homogeneity ina magnesium ZK60 alloy processed by ECAP) Fig. 1 among the 151-156.After the extruding, the change of material end shape will bring a series of shortcomings, mainly shows: it is pointed that (1) extruded sample end can rib occur, and the pointed part of this rib is unsuitable for doing follow-up performance test, and this certainly will cause the waste of material; (2) change of specimen shape is not easy to sample and is reentered into the extruding of descending passage in the passage in addition, and this has greatly influenced the continuity of test.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in the existing apparatus, a kind of equal-channel extrusion device that the ultramicro crystal material is used for preparing is provided, adopt this device extruding back specimen shape regular, this device has that grain refining capability is strong, easy to operate, advantages of simple structure and simple, can improve the material availability, enhance productivity, reduce production costs.
To achieve the object of the present invention, adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of equal-channel extrusion device mainly is made up of upper die and lower die, vertical channel, horizontal channel, bolt and bolt hole, patrix is provided with vertical channel and the horizontal channel that is the T type and communicates each other, and the shape of cross section of vertical channel and horizontal channel is all identical with area; Counterdie is the flat board that matches with patrix, and the relevant position of upper die and lower die all has bolt hole, and is bolted to connection.
Described vertical channel is the shape of cross section arbitrary shape identical with area with the horizontal channel, and the optimum structure of passage is the axial symmetry passage that the center line of vertical channel overlaps with the perpendicular bisector of horizontal channel.
The optimal cross-section of described vertical channel and horizontal channel is shaped as circle or square.
The present invention adopts metal material to make, and upper die and lower die connect with bolt before extruding, are preheated to processing temperature as required, or directly extruding at room temperature.In extrusion process, material to be processed is put into vertical channel, under the effect of extruding force, enters the horizontal channel along vertical channel, and the pure shear plastic deformation takes place, and the material in vertical channel all is pressed into the horizontal channel, and this passage extruding finishes.Unclamp bolt then, take off counterdie, continue to apply extruding force, material is extruded from the horizontal channel, material reverted to original form and can directly put into vertical channel, the extruding of following a time once more this moment.Repeat above process, can treat rapidoprint and apply infinitely-great plastic strain, the refinement material grains, obtain the ultramicro crystal material, the very big performance that must improve material, extruding back material shape is basic identical with original sample simultaneously, and both ends do not have the pointed part of rib.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, by uiform section long-pending vertical channel and horizontal channel are set in metal die, extruding back material grains can be refined to submicron order even nanoscale yardstick, extruding back material shape is basic identical with original sample simultaneously, processing back specimen shape is regular, both ends do not have the pointed part of rib, increase effective use volume of material, reduced the waste of material, enhance productivity, reduce production costs.
2, after use the present invention pushes material, with respect to original rolling attitude alloy, the intensity of alloy, percentage elongation and microhardness are improved significantly.
3, this apparatus structure is simple, and is easy to process, practical wide, can be widely used in material processing field such as simple metal, alloy, composite, macromolecular material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional axonometric drawing of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the exterior appearance figure of material before and after the extruding;
When Fig. 5 is 300 ℃ after 4 passage crimps the metallographic microstructure figure of material;
When Fig. 6 is 300 ℃ after 4 passage crimps the transmission electron microscope micro-organization chart of material.
The specific embodiment
For understanding technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, present invention is described, but the present invention's scope required for protection is not limited thereto.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this equal-channel extrusion device comprises: patrix 1, counterdie 2, vertical channel 3, horizontal channel 4, bolt 5, bolt hole 6.Patrix 1 is provided with vertical channel 3 and the horizontal channel 4 that is the T type and communicates each other, and the shape of cross section of vertical channel 3 and horizontal channel 4 is all identical with area; Counterdie 2 is the flat board that matches with patrix 1, and the relevant position of patrix 1 and counterdie 2 all has bolt hole 6, and fixedly connected by bolt 5.
According to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 design and manufacturing pressurizing unit, to choose vertical channel and horizontal channel shape of cross section and be square, size is 22mm * 22mm.The center line of vertical channel 3 overlaps with the perpendicular bisector of horizontal channel 4, constitutes the axial symmetry passage.
Given metal material is a pair rolling attitude ME20M magnesium alloy, microscopic structure is the line and staff control that coarse grain and small grains are formed, and its average grain size is 45 μ m, and the alloy at room temperature mechanical property is: percentage elongation 7.1%, tensile strength 170MPa, microhardness 53HV.Specimen size is 22mm * 22mm * 60mm.
Before extruding, patrix 1 is connected with counterdie 2 usefulness bolts 5 as shown in Figure 2, this device and sample to be extruded are heated to 400 ℃, extruded sample is put into vertical channel 3, under the effect of extruding force, enter horizontal channel 4 along vertical channel 3, the pure shear plastic deformation takes place, material in vertical channel 3 all is pressed into horizontal channel 4, and this passage extruding finishes.Unclamp bolt 5 then, take off counterdie 2, continue to apply extruding force, material is extruded from horizontal channel 4, material reverted to original form and can directly put into vertical channel 3 once more this moment, following a time extruding, and every time sample turns clockwise 90 ° along extrusion axis.After the distortion of 6 passages, material shape remains unchanged substantially, and the pointed part of rib does not appear in the end, as shown in Figure 4, the crystallite dimension of alloy is refined to 1.1 μ m, the alloy at room temperature mechanical property is respectively: percentage elongation 30%, tensile strength 258MPa, microhardness 65HV, after illustrating that use the present invention pushes material, with respect to original rolling attitude alloy, the intensity of its alloy, percentage elongation and microhardness all are improved significantly.
Embodiment two:
The structure of pressurizing unit, design and manufacturing are chosen vertical channel and horizontal channel shape of cross section for circular with embodiment one, and its diameter is 15mm.The center line of vertical channel 3 overlaps with the perpendicular bisector of horizontal channel 4, constitutes the axial symmetry passage.
Given metal material is a routine casting attitude AZ31 magnesium alloy, and the microscopic structure average grain size is 32 μ m, and the alloy at room temperature mechanical property is: percentage elongation 18%, tensile strength 207MPa, microhardness 54HV.Specimen finish is 15mm, and length is 50mm.
To passage crimps such as this alloy enforcements repeatedly, concrete operations are with embodiment one under 300 ℃.After the distortion of 4 passages, the crystallite dimension of alloy is refined to 2.3 μ m, and as shown in Figure 5, the crystal boundary angle obviously increases, shown in arrow among Fig. 6, the alloy at room temperature mechanical property is respectively: percentage elongation 29%, tensile strength 278MPa, microhardness 66HV, after illustrating that use the present invention pushes material, with respect to original rolling attitude alloy, the intensity of alloy, percentage elongation and microhardness are improved significantly.
Claims (3)
1. equal-channel extrusion device, comprise: a pair of half module, vertical channel and horizontal channel, it is characterized in that: patrix (1) is provided with vertical channel (3) and horizontal channel (4) that are the T type and communicate each other, and the shape of cross section of vertical channel (3) and horizontal channel (4) is all identical with area; Counterdie (2) is the flat board that matches with patrix (1), and the relevant position of patrix (1) and counterdie (2) all has bolt hole (6), and fixedly connected by bolt (5).
2. a kind of equal-channel extrusion device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the center line of vertical channel (3) overlaps with the perpendicular bisector of horizontal channel (4), constitutes the axial symmetry passage.
3. a kind of equal-channel extrusion device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shape of cross section of vertical channel (3) and horizontal channel (4) is for circular or square.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100301884A CN100469473C (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2007-09-11 | Equal channels extrusion device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100301884A CN100469473C (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2007-09-11 | Equal channels extrusion device |
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| CN101116879A true CN101116879A (en) | 2008-02-06 |
| CN100469473C CN100469473C (en) | 2009-03-18 |
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| CNB2007100301884A Expired - Fee Related CN100469473C (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2007-09-11 | Equal channels extrusion device |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102581257A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-18 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Circulating closed die forging method for preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid billet and thixoextrusion forming method |
| CN103639218A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-19 | 浙江海洋学院 | Semi-automatic isometric angle extrusion testing device |
| CN104492843A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-04-08 | 常州大学 | Inverted-T-shaped channel compression deformation die |
| CN105921657A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-07 | 合肥工业大学 | Enclosed-type back-pressure two-way extrusion-upsetting forming method for manufacturing refractory metal ultrafine-grained material |
| CN106077118A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 河海大学 | The continuous processing device of a kind of ultrafine grain metal section bar and processing method |
| CN104492843B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2017-01-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of inverted T shape channel pressings deforming moulds |
| CN106552815A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-05 | 上海电机学院 | The straightening of the crimping repeatedly deformation curing that discarded titanium chip is remanufactured |
| CN106583411A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 上海电机学院 | Wedge bending-roller straightening deformation method for circularly solidifying waste titanium chips |
| CN106734297A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 上海电机学院 | The T-shaped channel pressings curing that the discarded chip of titanium is remanufactured |
| CN110000322A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-12 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of large plastometric set prepares high-performance magnesium-alloy device and preparation method |
-
2007
- 2007-09-11 CN CNB2007100301884A patent/CN100469473C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102581257B (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-10-30 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Circulating closed die forging method for preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid billet and thixoextrusion forming method |
| CN102581257A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-18 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Circulating closed die forging method for preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid billet and thixoextrusion forming method |
| CN103639218A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-19 | 浙江海洋学院 | Semi-automatic isometric angle extrusion testing device |
| CN103639218B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-24 | 浙江海洋学院 | Semi-automatic isometric angle extrusion testing device |
| CN104492843A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-04-08 | 常州大学 | Inverted-T-shaped channel compression deformation die |
| CN104492843B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2017-01-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of inverted T shape channel pressings deforming moulds |
| CN106077118B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-03-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of continuous processing device and processing method of ultrafine grain metal section bar |
| CN106077118A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 河海大学 | The continuous processing device of a kind of ultrafine grain metal section bar and processing method |
| CN105921657B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Prepare the two-way upsetting extrusion method of blanking type back pressure of refractory metal super fine crystal material |
| CN105921657A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-07 | 合肥工业大学 | Enclosed-type back-pressure two-way extrusion-upsetting forming method for manufacturing refractory metal ultrafine-grained material |
| CN106734297A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 上海电机学院 | The T-shaped channel pressings curing that the discarded chip of titanium is remanufactured |
| CN106583411A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 上海电机学院 | Wedge bending-roller straightening deformation method for circularly solidifying waste titanium chips |
| CN106552815A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-05 | 上海电机学院 | The straightening of the crimping repeatedly deformation curing that discarded titanium chip is remanufactured |
| CN106552815B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-01-29 | 上海电机学院 | The crimping repeatedly that discarded titanium chip remanufactures-straightening deformation curing method |
| CN106583411B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-04-12 | 上海电机学院 | The discarded chip circulation of titanium is cured to carve the straight deformation method of curved-roller |
| CN110000322A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-12 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of large plastometric set prepares high-performance magnesium-alloy device and preparation method |
| CN110000322B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-06-04 | 湖南科技大学 | Device and method for preparing high-performance magnesium alloy through large plastic deformation |
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| CN100469473C (en) | 2009-03-18 |
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Assignee: Guangdong Xinhe Aluminium Co.,Ltd. Assignor: South China University of Technology Contract record no.: 2010440000620 Denomination of invention: Equal channels extrusion device Granted publication date: 20090318 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20080206 Record date: 20100603 |
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