CN105390739A - 一种聚合物锂电池 - Google Patents

一种聚合物锂电池 Download PDF

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CN105390739A
CN105390739A CN201510867273.0A CN201510867273A CN105390739A CN 105390739 A CN105390739 A CN 105390739A CN 201510867273 A CN201510867273 A CN 201510867273A CN 105390739 A CN105390739 A CN 105390739A
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packaging film
lithium battery
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cavity
negative electrode
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缪家戌
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Chengdu Kechuang Jiasi Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/133Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025Organic electrolyte
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种聚合物锂电池,包括铝塑包装膜、钴酸锂正极、石墨负极和聚丙烯薄膜,所述铝塑包装膜中部设置有空腔,所述钴酸锂正极、石墨负极和聚丙烯薄膜设在空腔内,所述空腔内还设置有电解液,所述电解液由碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯组成,所述钴酸锂正极、聚丙烯薄膜和石墨负极依次从内至外设置,所述铝塑包装膜顶部设置有正极耳和负极耳,所述正极耳和负极耳与铝塑包装膜连接处设置有绝缘片,所述正极耳与钴酸锂正极电性连接,所述负极耳与石墨负极电性连接,该聚合物锂电池使用寿命长,安全性能好,体积小。

Description

一种聚合物锂电池
技术领域
本发明涉及一种锂电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种聚合物锂电池。
背景技术
根据锂离子电池所用电解质材料的不同,锂离子电池分为液态锂离子电池和聚合物锂离子电池或塑料锂离子电池,聚合物锂离子电池所用的正负极材料与液态锂离子都是相同的,正极材料分为钴酸锂、锰酸锂、三元材料和磷酸铁锂材料,负极为石墨,电池工作原理也基本一致,它们的主要区别在于电解质的不同,液态锂离子电池使用液体电解质,聚合物锂离子电池则以固体聚合物电解质来代替,这种聚合物可以是“干态”的,也可以是“胶态”的,目前大部分采用聚合物凝胶电解质。
凝胶聚合物电解质锂离子电池即在固体聚合物电解质中加入增塑剂等添加剂,从而提高离子电导率,使电池可在常温下使用,由于用固体电解质代替了液体电解质,与液态锂离子电池相比,聚合物锂离子电池具有可薄形化、任意面积化与任意形状化等优点,因此可以用铝塑复合薄膜制造电池外壳,从而可以改善整个电池的比容量;聚合物锂离子电池还可以采用高分子作正极材料,其质量比能量将会比目前的液态锂离子电池提高20%以上,聚合物锂离子电池具有小型化、薄型化、轻量化的特点。因此,聚合物电池在市场占有会逐渐增多。
聚合物锂离子电池的原理与液态锂相同,主要区别是电解液与液态锂不同,电池主要的构造包括有正极、负极与电解质三项要素,所谓的聚合物锂离子电池是说在这三种主要构造中至少有一项或一项以上使用高分子材料做为主要的电池系统,而在目前所开发的聚合物锂离子电池系统中,高分子材料主要是被应用于正极及电解质,正极材料包括导电高分子聚合物或一般锂离子电池所采用的无机化合物,电解质则可以使用固态或胶态高分子电解质,或是有机电解液,一般锂离子技术使用液体或胶体电解液,因此需要坚固的二次包装来容纳可燃的活性成分,这就增加了重量,另外也限制了尺寸的灵活性。
目前现有的聚合物锂电池结构绝缘效果一般,使用寿命不长,安全性能较差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种使用寿命长,安全性能好,体积小的聚合物锂电池。
为解决上述问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种聚合物锂电池,包括铝塑包装膜、钴酸锂正极、石墨负极和聚丙烯薄膜,所述铝塑包装膜中部设置有空腔,所述钴酸锂正极、石墨负极和聚丙烯薄膜设在空腔内,所述空腔内还设置有电解液,所述电解液由碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯组成,所述钴酸锂正极、聚丙烯薄膜和石墨负极依次从内至外设置,所述铝塑包装膜顶部设置有正极耳和负极耳,所述正极耳和负极耳与铝塑包装膜连接处设置有绝缘片,所述正极耳与钴酸锂正极电性连接,所述负极耳与石墨负极电性连接。
作为优选,所述空腔厚度小于0.8cm,保持体积小,方便安装。
作为优选,所述绝缘片与铝塑包装膜胶合连接,保持结构密封效果好。
作为优选,所述绝缘片为聚碳酸酯绝缘片,绝缘效果好,稳定性高。
作为优选,所述聚丙烯薄膜设有两层,防止正负极出现短路,耐腐蚀,使用寿命长。
本发明的有益效果是:设置的钴酸锂正极容易加工,电化学性能优越,稳定性高;设置的石墨负极成本低,使用寿命长;设置的聚丙烯薄膜防止正负极出现短路,耐腐蚀,使用寿命长,电解液由碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯组成方便维护,安全性能高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的一种聚合物锂电池的结构图。
具体实施方式
参阅图1所示,一种聚合物锂电池,包括铝塑包装膜1、钴酸锂正极2、石墨负极3和聚丙烯薄膜4,所述铝塑包装膜1中部设置有空腔5,所述钴酸锂正极2、石墨负极3和聚丙烯薄膜4设在空腔5内,所述空腔5内还设置有电解液6,所述电解液6由碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯组成,所述钴酸锂正极2、聚丙烯薄膜4和石墨负极2依次从内至外设置,所述铝塑包装膜1顶部设置有正极耳7和负极耳8,所述正极耳7和负极耳8与铝塑包装膜1连接处设置有绝缘片9,所述正极耳7与钴酸锂正极2电性连接,所述负极耳8与石墨负极3电性连接。
所述空腔5厚度小于0.8cm。
所述绝缘片9与铝塑包装膜1胶合连接。
所述绝缘片9为聚碳酸酯绝缘片。
所述聚丙烯薄膜4设有两层。
本发明的有益效果是:设置的钴酸锂正极容易加工,电化学性能优越,稳定性高;设置的石墨负极成本低,使用寿命长;设置的聚丙烯薄膜防止正负极出现短路,耐腐蚀,使用寿命长,电解液由碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯组成方便维护,安全性能高。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内,因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (5)

1.一种聚合物锂电池,其特征在于:包括铝塑包装膜、钴酸锂正极、石墨负极和聚丙烯薄膜,所述铝塑包装膜中部设置有空腔,所述钴酸锂正极、石墨负极和聚丙烯薄膜设在空腔内,所述空腔内还设置有电解液,所述电解液由碳酸丙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯组成,所述钴酸锂正极、聚丙烯薄膜和石墨负极依次从内至外设置,所述铝塑包装膜顶部设置有正极耳和负极耳,所述正极耳和负极耳与铝塑包装膜连接处设置有绝缘片,所述正极耳与钴酸锂正极电性连接,所述负极耳与石墨负极电性连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物锂电池,其特征在于:所述空腔厚度小于0.8cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物锂电池,其特征在于:所述绝缘片与铝塑包装膜胶合连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物锂电池,其特征在于:所述绝缘片为聚碳酸酯绝缘片。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物锂电池,其特征在于:所述聚丙烯薄膜设有两层。
CN201510867273.0A 2015-12-02 2015-12-02 一种聚合物锂电池 Pending CN105390739A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110233294A (zh) * 2019-06-19 2019-09-13 惠州市金芯科技有限公司 一种高容量便携聚合物锂电池及制作工艺

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101820080A (zh) * 2010-04-01 2010-09-01 雷天电池(无锡)有限公司 一种锂电池电芯
CN103259051A (zh) * 2013-05-07 2013-08-21 杭州金色能源科技有限公司 一种卷绕式锂电池及其电芯
CN103268957A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-08-28 曙鹏科技(深圳)有限公司 软包装锂离子电池
CN205194795U (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-04-27 深圳福能达空气与水科技发展有限公司 一种聚合物锂电池

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101820080A (zh) * 2010-04-01 2010-09-01 雷天电池(无锡)有限公司 一种锂电池电芯
CN103259051A (zh) * 2013-05-07 2013-08-21 杭州金色能源科技有限公司 一种卷绕式锂电池及其电芯
CN103268957A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-08-28 曙鹏科技(深圳)有限公司 软包装锂离子电池
CN205194795U (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-04-27 深圳福能达空气与水科技发展有限公司 一种聚合物锂电池

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110233294A (zh) * 2019-06-19 2019-09-13 惠州市金芯科技有限公司 一种高容量便携聚合物锂电池及制作工艺

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