CN105388514B - A kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector - Google Patents
A kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN105388514B CN105388514B CN201510711111.8A CN201510711111A CN105388514B CN 105388514 B CN105388514 B CN 105388514B CN 201510711111 A CN201510711111 A CN 201510711111A CN 105388514 B CN105388514 B CN 105388514B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/181—Geophones
- G01V1/184—Multi-component geophones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector.Wherein, including：Positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and, it is placed equidistant inside and outside positive tetrahedron engraved structure with it, and internal layer hollow out pedestal identical from its structure but different size and outer layer hollow out pedestal；Each face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure has entity part and openwork part, entity part is the angular bisector quadrangle marked off at two angles in each face and the isosceles triangle docked with it by face central point, and openwork part is two triangles docked by face center of the angular bisector division at two angles.The present invention devises space full vector detection structure, so as to realize brand-new earthquake omnidirectional vector wave detector technology, can complete the full information detection of the attributes such as the frequency to seismic wave field, amplitude, phase, direction of vibration, the divergence for especially fluctuating the field of force and curl.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wave detector technical field, more particularly to a kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector.
Background technology
According to wave theory, fluctuation information is not only limited to the amplitude of ripple, frequency, phase, includes the vibratility of wave field
The attribute of the multiclass spatial movements such as matter and direction, field of force divergence and curl vector.These spatial movement attributes, contain to fluctuation
Indispensable abundant information is studied, can be in sides such as wave field separation, signal to noise ratio, fidelity, imaging precision, media property analyses
Face plays an important role.But existing earthquake-capturing detection technique but can only the information such as detected amplitude, frequency, phase, do not have substantially
There is the function of detection fluctuation spatial movement attribute.
Therefore, omnidirectional's vector geophone is proposed in correlation technique, with high-performance maturation commodity electromagnetism and capacitor type
Shake wave detector is elementary cell, according to field theory formula, space vector structure is built, to realize the detection of seismic wave field full information.
But geophone of the prior art has the defects of one very big, it have impact on and built using it as unit component
Omnidirectional's vector geophone performance further raising, here it is Problem of Relative Movement：Any motion, the measurement of vibration,
There must be a relatively motionless referential.It is in general, motionless for reference with the earth.And be directed to and greatly fluctuate, vibrate
How measurement, establish motionless referential, the problem of being one important and difficult.
Traditional detector supports mass using spring suspension, and the relative fortune of mass and the earth is caused with the delay of spring
Dynamic method solves this problem.But the k-factor of spring and the inverse relation of delay, it is exactly defect place.Spring is softer
Delay is longer, and relative motion is bigger, and sensitivity is higher, and fidelity is poorer；Spring is harder, and delay is shorter, and fidelity is better, spirit
Sensitivity is lower.If mass and the earth are synchronized with the movement, delay is without although fidelity is fine, relative motion does not have
Have, sensitivity is exactly zero, then wave detector can be caused to fail.From this, sensitivity and fidelity turn into conflict.So
All the time, designing and producing for spring is particularly important in the core technology of wave detector.
Explained below by formula：
Spring force equation of equilibrium：(g+a) m=-kx,
Spring vibration formula：
Spring wave detector exports formula：
Wherein：X is mover displacement；A is wave field amplitude；U is output；T is that magnetic field is strong, such as replaces with electric-field strength, and x
Function；A is acceleration to be measured；M is subsystem quality；K is spring constant；When τ is that system responds；For phase；R is
Damped coefficient.
It is the smaller the better in denominator that k when influenceing sensitivity is can be seen that by above-mentioned several formula；K exists when influenceing fidelity
Molecule, it is the bigger the better.
MEMS wave detectors are the representatives of capacitor type, and Fig. 1 is the operation principle according to the MEMS capacitor detectors of correlation technique
Schematic diagram, as shown in figure 1, spring is provided with MEMS wave detectors, to quality of connection body and framework.MEMS wave detectors are with electric capacity
Ranging coordinates electrostatic force negative-feedback technology, and a part of holding power is converted into sensitivity, partly solves this problem, therefore,
Its performance indications has increased significantly.
If holding power can be converted to all to sensitivity, fidelity and sensitivity just energy perfect adaptation, performance indications are just
It can improve by a larger margin.But existing MEMS wave detectors, because space structure problem, dynamic balance is not 3 D stereo, no
Can only lean on electrostatic force to realize in three dimensions to suspend, it is desired nonetheless to spring structure supports, the contradiction of sensitivity and fidelity just according to
So exist so that the improvement of performance is restricted.
Understood based on the above-mentioned analysis to capacitor detector operation principle, spring is the key for restricting sensitivity and fidelity
Factor.Electromagnetic type wave detector is even more complete spring supporting, and spring resonant is occupied an leading position, and performance is worse.
Understand that the effect of spring be can not ignore, and still be limited based on the above-mentioned analysis to MEMS wave detector operation principles
The raising of performance.
Fig. 2 is directional responses schematic diagram of the preferable single wave detector in longitudinal wave field, and Fig. 3 is preferable single wave detector in horizontal stroke
Directional responses schematic diagram in wave field, to illustrate the operative orientation of wave detector.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, wave detector
Output is realized based on following formula：Out=An=a × bcos θ.Wherein, A represents wave field function, vector；N represents wave detector
Operative orientation unit vector；A represents instantaneous amplitudes of the wave field A in direction of vibration；B represents geophone sensitivity；θ represents wave detector
Operative orientation and detector position at wave field direction of vibration angle；P is compressional wave subscript；S is shear wave subscript.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 output of the wave detector in longitudinal wave field is realized based on following formula：
Out=ApN=ap×bcosθp；Wherein, ApRepresent longitudinal wave field isochronous surface；apRepresent wave field ApIn wave detector position
The immediate movement amount for the normal direction put；B represents geophone sensitivity；θpThe operative orientation and wave field for representing wave detector vibrate
The angle in direction.
As shown in figure 3, output of the wave detector in shear wave wave field is realized based on following formula：
Out=AsN=as×bcosθs；Wherein, AsRepresent shear wave wave field isochronous surface；asRepresent wave field AsIn wave detector position
The immediate movement amount in the vibration vector direction put；B represents geophone sensitivity；θsRepresent that the operative orientation of wave detector shakes with wave field
The angle in dynamic direction.
In Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and above-mentioned formula there is no the other performance for including electromagnetism electric capacity wave detector, simply directionality is retouched
State.Above-mentioned formula is used only to illustrate single detector, meets the directivity requirement of more vector space structures.
Assuming that all geophone sensitivities are all consistent, it is possible to using b as constant, or it can be made to be equal to 1, to mathematics thing
Reason meaning does not influence.Wave field amplitude extreme value in the regional area much larger than wave detector volume it is also assumed that be it is stable,
It can temporarily be considered constant when considering receiver response.
Although electromagnetism electric capacity wave detector has an operative orientation, but based on single detector output be known unitary variant,
Only a solution of equation does not go out two unknown numbers of original function and angle.
In summary, existing wave detector has the following disadvantages：
1st, common wave detector does not have curl, divergence, vector detection function, and what is detected is the projection of vector, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show；Hydrophone can carry out divergence detection, but without rotation vector line vector detection function；Three-component geophone is three as schemed
The Orthogonal Composite of directionality shown in 2, there is line vector detection function, but there is no divergence curl detection function.
2nd, in all spring cupport structures, sensitivity and fidelity mutually restrict, and performance improves limited in one's ability.
3rd, the rotation researched and developed, line vector Split type structure, overall volume are larger.
4th, without spin line vector with mechanism structure.
For the above mentioned problem in correlation technique, effective solution is not yet proposed at present.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, at least to solve wave detector in correlation technique
Spring structure restrict sensitivity and the problem of fidelity.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, including：Just
Tetrahedron engraved structure, and, be placed equidistant inside and outside the positive tetrahedron engraved structure with it, and it is identical with its structure but
The different internal layer hollow out pedestal of size and outer layer hollow out pedestal；
Each face of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure has entity part and openwork part, and the entity part is every
Quadrangle that the angular bisector at two angles in individual face marks off and the isosceles triangle docked with it by face central point, it is described to engrave
Two triangles docked by face central point that empty part divides for the angular bisector at described two angles；
The outer surface in each face of the internal layer hollow out pedestal plates layer of metal layer；Wherein, the size of the metal level
Less than the quadrangle and isosceles triangle size of the internal layer hollow out pedestal, and on the quadrangle of the internal layer hollow out pedestal
Metal level is not in contact with each other with the metal level on isosceles triangle；
The inner surface in each face of the outer layer hollow out pedestal plates layer of metal layer；Wherein, the size of the metal level
Less than the quadrangle and isosceles triangle size of the outer layer hollow out pedestal, and on the quadrangle of the outer layer hollow out pedestal
Metal level is not in contact with each other with the metal level on isosceles triangle.
Preferably, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure includes principal triangle face；Determine at the one of angle in principal triangle face
Justice is the first drift angle of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and first drift angle is the four of the entity part in the principal triangle face
One angle of side shape；
Another side corresponding to first drift angle where base is defined as the first side of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Face, the midpoint on base corresponding to first drift angle are counterclockwise slided in the principal triangle face, described first run into
Angle on side is defined as the second drift angle, and second drift angle is one of the quadrangle of the entity part of the first side
Angle；
Another side corresponding to second drift angle where base is defined as the second side of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Face, the midpoint on base corresponding to second drift angle are slided clockwise in the first side, second side run into
Angle on face is defined as the 3rd drift angle, and the 3rd drift angle is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in the second side；
Another side corresponding to 3rd drift angle where base is defined as the 3rd side of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Face, the midpoint on base corresponding to the 3rd drift angle are counterclockwise slided in the second side, the 3rd side run into
Angle on face is defined as the 4th drift angle, and the 4th drift angle is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the 3rd side；
Or
First drift angle, second drift angle, the 3rd drift angle and the 4th drift angle correspond to described positive four respectively
The first summit, the second summit, the 3rd summit and the 4th summit of face body engraved structure；
First drift angle is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the principal triangle face；3rd summit exists
Angle in the first side, it is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in the first side；4th summit is in institute
The angle in second side is stated, is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in the second side；Second summit is described
Angle on 3rd side, it is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the 3rd side.
Preferably, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure is metal material；The internal layer hollow out pedestal and the outer layer hollow out
Pedestal is isolation material；The outer layer hollow out pedestal and the gold on the quadrangle on face symmetrical on the internal layer hollow out pedestal
The first circuit is connected between category layer；The outer layer hollow out pedestal and the isosceles three on face symmetrical on the internal layer hollow out pedestal
Second circuit is connected between metal level on angular.
Preferably, the surface of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and the internal layer hollow out pedestal, the outer layer hollow out base
The surface of metal level on seat, oxidation form one layer of dielectric film.
Preferably, the underface summit in the principal triangle face of the outer layer hollow out pedestal connects the circle of a cone point downwards
Vertebra shape tail bone.
Preferably, the earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector also includes：Spherical shell, it is divided into upper semispherical shell
With lower half spherical shell, the outer layer hollow out pedestal, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, the internal layer hollow out pedestal are placed on institute
State inside spherical shell, the bottom of the lower half spherical shell sets tail bone hole, and the tail bone passes through the lower half spherical shell
Tail bone hole.
Preferably, the edge of the upper semispherical shell and the lower half spherical shell is respectively arranged with the prominent of mutual cooperation
Go out portion, the protuberance of the upper semispherical shell and the lower half spherical shell is fixed by fixation kit.
Preferably, the signal of setting signal string holes on the spherical shell, first circuit and the second circuit is defeated
Outlet passes through the signal string holes.
Preferably, the joint gap between the upper semispherical shell of the spherical shell and lower half spherical shell, the tail
Vertebral foramen and the signal string holes, with silica gel or elastomeric material sealing waterproof.
Preferably, the outer layer hollow out pedestal, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, each face of the internal layer hollow out pedestal
For arbitrary surface or plane.
The present invention devises space full vector detection structure, worked out brand-new according to the divergence and curl formula of field theory
Earthquake omnidirectional vector wave detector technology, attributes such as the frequency to seismic wave field, amplitude, phase, direction of vibration, especially can be realized
Fluctuate the full information detection of the divergence and curl in the field of force.
The technique effect of the present invention is as follows：
1st, based on electrostatic suspension structure so that the sensitivity of wave detector and fidelity are higher than existing wave detector；
2nd, there is fluctuation curl, divergence, vector detection function；
3rd, revolve, dissipate, line vector zoarium, the overall volume of wave detector is smaller；
4th, spin line vector is direct with mechanism structure, physical mathematics relation.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not form limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the MEMS capacitor detector operation principle schematic diagrams according to correlation technique；
Fig. 2 is directional responses schematic diagram of the preferable single wave detector in longitudinal wave field；
Fig. 3 is directional responses schematic diagram of the preferable single wave detector in shear wave wave field；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation in each face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the first structural representation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is second of structural representation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the work arrow of the first structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention
Measure schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is the work arrow of second of structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention
Measure schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is parallel vectors schematic diagram according to embodiments of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the space vector graph of a relation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the equivalent Gauss Divergence Structure schematic diagram of integration entirely according to embodiments of the present invention；
Figure 13 is Stokes integral positive rotation equivalent structure schematic diagram according to embodiments of the present invention；
Figure 14 is circuit diagram according to embodiments of the present invention；
Figure 15 is earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector actual measurement output schematic diagram according to embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
The embodiment of invention, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, and it is each flat to equalization on space structure
Weighing apparatus, this is the structural advantage that wave detector does not possess in the prior art, and complete electrostatic can be realized using this structural advantage
Suspend.The concrete structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is introduced below.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector includes：Positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and, in positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Inside and outside to be placed equidistant with it and identical from its structure but different size internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal, i.e. internal layer
Hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal are positive tetrahedron structure, and simply outer layer hollow out base sleeve is in positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Outside, size are more than positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and internal layer hollow out pedestal is located at the inside of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and size is less than
Positive tetrahedron engraved structure.Each face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal is by one
Individual quadrangle pole plate and an isosceles triangle pole plate are formed.Right side show the vector electrostatic suspension detection of earthquake omnidirectional in Fig. 4
The electrode plate structure in one face of device, centre are a faces of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, be respectively up and down outer layer hollow out pedestal and
One face of internal layer hollow out pedestal.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation in each face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure according to embodiments of the present invention, such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, the geometric center in face where the pole plate of the quadrangle on each face and the pole plate of isosceles triangle are connected on.The present embodiment carries
A kind of preferred embodiment is supplied, accurately to divide the pole plate of the pole plate of above-mentioned quadrangle and above-mentioned isosceles triangle, i.e.,：Just
Each face of tetrahedron engraved structure has entity part and openwork part, and above-mentioned entity part is at two angles in each face
Quadrangle that angular bisector marks off and the isosceles triangle docked with it by face central point, above-mentioned openwork part are above-mentioned two
Two triangles docked by face central point of the angular bisector division at individual angle.The quadrangle and isosceles triangle of entity part
Respective geometric center is equal with the distance of face geometric center, it is assumed that the distance is a, then the rib of positive tetrahedron engraved structure is a length of
By above-mentioned preferred embodiment, the entity part and openwork part in each face can be accurately divided, so as to accurate structure
The balanced structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is made, to realize that electrostatic suspension provides basis.
The position division of the pole plate of the pole plate of quadrangle and isosceles triangle, is needed on each face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Meet particular requirement, just can guarantee that the normal work of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector.For four sides on each face
The position of the pole plate of shape and the pole plate of isosceles triangle divides, and at least two kinds of division methods, is introduced separately below.
1) Fig. 6 is the first structural representation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention
Figure, as shown in fig. 6, positive tetrahedron engraved structure includes principal triangle face 100；One of angle definition in principal triangle face 100
For the first drift angle a of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, first drift angle a is the quadrangle of the entity part of main gore 100
One angle；
Another side corresponding to first drift angle a where base is defined as the first side 101 of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, the
The midpoint on base is counterclockwise slided in principal triangle face 100 corresponding to one drift angle a, the angle in first side 101 run into
The second drift angle b is defined as, second drift angle b is an angle of the quadrangle of the entity part of first side 101；Need what is illustrated
It is that this is counterclockwise that people faces the side counterclockwise during first side 101 when the level of principal triangle face 100 is placed upward
To following counter clockwise directions and clockwise direction use this mode.
Another side corresponding to second drift angle b where base is defined as the second side 102 of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, the
The midpoint on base is slided clockwise in first side 101 corresponding to two drift angle b, and the angle in second side 102 run into is determined
Justice is the 3rd drift angle c, and the 3rd drift angle c is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in second side 102；
Another side corresponding to 3rd drift angle c where base is defined as the 3rd side 103 of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, the
The midpoint on base is counterclockwise slided in second side 102 corresponding to three drift angle c, and the angle on the 3rd side 103 run into is determined
Justice is the 4th drift angle d, and the 4th drift angle d is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the 3rd side 103.
2) Fig. 7 is second of structural representation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention
Figure, as shown in fig. 7, above-mentioned first drift angle a, above-mentioned second drift angle b, above-mentioned 3rd drift angle c and above-mentioned 4th drift angle d are corresponded to respectively
The first summit A, the second summit B, the 3rd summit C and the 4th summit D of positive tetrahedron engraved structure.
First drift angle a is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on main gore 100；3rd summit C is in the first side
Angle on face 101, it is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in first side 101；4th summit D is in second side 102
Angle, be second side 102 on entity part quadrangle an angle；Angles of the second summit B on the 3rd side 103, it is
An angle of the quadrangle of entity part on 3rd side 103.
For above two division methods, following methods can also be taken to realize：
1) on four faces of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, connection one angle, face geometric center is set respectively and in arris
Unique straight line of point.One of positive tetrahedron engraved structure sets (i.e. above-mentioned principal triangle face) up, body geometry
The line of the geometric center in center and this face be defined as straight up earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector vertical axes (
It is properly termed as main shaft), and the first line vector axle, the direction of the above-mentioned straight line set on the face set upward, it is defined as earthquake
Omnidirectional's vector electrostatic suspension wave detector from the north to (being referred to as first direction).Edge is northern to the rib to intersect vertically with oneself
The angle in the first side run into is slided counterclockwise, and it is second direction to point to the direction at rib midpoint, and edge is vertical with second direction
The angle in second side that intersecting rib slid clockwise runs into, it is third direction to point to the direction at rib midpoint, edge and the 3rd
The rib that direction intersects vertically slides the angle on the 3rd side run into counterclockwise, and it is fourth direction to point to the direction at rib midpoint.
Four angles that above-mentioned first direction, above-mentioned second direction, above-mentioned third direction, above-mentioned fourth direction are passed through, i.e., it is just respectively
The angle of quadrangle on four faces of tetrahedron engraved structure.
2) on the above-mentioned face set upward, along what is run into the above-mentioned north certainly to the rib slid clockwise to intersect vertically
Angle, it is the 5th direction to point to the direction at rib midpoint, slides the angle run into counterclockwise along the rib to be intersected vertically with the 5th direction, refers to
It is the 6th direction to the direction to rib midpoint, the angle run into along the rib slid clockwise to be intersected vertically with the 6th direction, sensing pair
The direction at rib midpoint is the 7th direction.From the north to, the 5th direction, four angles that the 6th direction, the 7th direction are passed through, that is, divide
It is not the angle of the quadrangle on four faces of positive tetrahedron engraved structure.
Fig. 8 is the work arrow of the first structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention
Schematic diagram is measured, Fig. 9 is the work of second of structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention
Schematic vector diagram, the arrow on each face in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 represent work vector, the central shaft vertical with principal triangle face 100
Be arranged to main shaft 200, on principal triangle face 100 direction of first drift angle a angular bisector be arranged to from the north to.
Figure 10 is parallel vectors schematic diagram according to embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10, in smooth continuous wave field,
Two parallel vectors and the dot product sum of wave field divided by 2 away from much smaller than wavelength, equal to the vector in centre position and the point of wave field
Multiply.
Figure 11 is the space vector graph of a relation of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to embodiments of the present invention, such as
Shown in Figure 11, each arrow in figure is to represent the work vector on each face.Circle in Figure 11 represents that earthquake omnidirectional vector is quiet
The inscribe ball that eight space vectors of electrically floating wave detector are surrounded, its is a diameter of：The vector electrostatic suspension detection of earthquake omnidirectional
The spacing of the geometric center of quadrangle and isosceles triangle on one face of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure of device.
By multiple wave detectors with directionality shown in Fig. 2 space vector directional combination as shown in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 11
Space vector relation, there can be the function of omnidirectional's space vector.Such structure not only has space line vector, rotation vector, dissipated
Spend detection function, it may have the non-coplanar force balanced structure basis needed for electrostatic suspension, can solve spring and bring negative shadow
The problem of sound.
Figure 12 is the equivalent Gauss Divergence Structure schematic diagram of integration entirely according to embodiments of the present invention, and Figure 13 is according to the present invention
The Stokes integral positive rotation equivalent structure schematic diagram of embodiment, the vector correlation with reference to shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 are understood：
According to divergence Gauss theorem：The earthquake omnidirectional vector that the embodiment of the present invention can be obtained is quiet
The divergence formula of electrically floating wave detector：
According to curl Stokes formula：The embodiment of the present invention can be obtained just
Curl formula：And derotation degree formula：
Wherein, A is wave field function, and l is receiver response vector, and i is the interior road sequence number of wave detector,For
The the i-th inside track data collected, is integrated on equivalent Gauss Divergence Structure entirely above-mentioned：For first group, i=1-4,For
Second group, i=5-8.Div is divergence, and rot is curl, and V is volume, and dv is volume differential, and S is area, and dS is area differentiation, m
For the number of positive m faces body；niFor the receiver response vector on the i-th face normal.Formula is accumulated according to trigonometric sum differenceization, it is specific at this
In structure,
To realize electrostatic suspension, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is arranged to metal
Material, for example, positive tetrahedron engraved structure can be made by the conductive plate for possessing certain thickness (assuming that thickness is h), lead
The material of electroplax can select metal tantalum, after removing openwork part according to the shape shown in Fig. 5, to ensure positive tetrahedron hollow out
Structure is not disperseed integrally, may be selected to retain narrow side.
Then, internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal are arranged to isolation material, in each face of internal layer hollow out pedestal
Outer surface plate layer of metal layer；Wherein, the size of metal level is less than the quadrangle and isosceles triangle of internal layer hollow out pedestal
Size, as shown in right side in Fig. 4, the metal level on metal level and isosceles triangle on the quadrangle of internal layer hollow out pedestal is mutual not
Contact.Inner surface in each face of outer layer hollow out pedestal plates layer of metal layer；Wherein, the size of metal level is engraved less than outer layer
The quadrangle and isosceles triangle size of space base seat, as shown in right side in Fig. 4, the metal level on the quadrangle of outer layer hollow out pedestal
It is not in contact with each other with the metal level on isosceles triangle.
It is electric in order to prevent from going here and there between positive tetrahedron engraved structure, internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal, influence electrostatic
The smooth realization to suspend, while in order to ensure the security during the use of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, with
And the accuracy during DATA REASONING, present embodiments provide a kind of preferred embodiment, i.e. positive tetrahedron engraved structure
Surface, and the surface of internal layer hollow out pedestal, metal level on outer layer hollow out pedestal, oxidation form one layer of dielectric film, for example,
It is h that can aoxidize and to form thickness1(tantalum pentoxide) dielectric film.
Outer layer hollow out pedestal, internal layer hollow out the pedestal spacing with positive tetrahedron engraved structure respectively during to ensure poised state
Equal (assuming that spacing is d), then the spacing of outer layer hollow out pedestal and internal layer hollow out pedestal should be arranged to 2d+h+2h1。
If the material of positive tetrahedron engraved structure is selected, ρ is that density, g terrestrial gravitations acceleration, ε are dielectric constants, order
Tc=ρ g/ ε, h1Take 0.05h, general oxide isolation εtMuch larger than air dielectric coefficient ε0, take 1/ ε, h1 and εs of the h1 more than dtJust
It is negligible, Tc be density gravity than dielectric constant, briefly introduced for formula.Floating voltage is：U2=h ρ gd2/(2ε0)
=0.5Tchd2；The long L of rib of positive tetrahedron engraved structure, which is contained in area, to be reamed, unrelated with formula, in practical application design
Movable plate electrode thickness h, electrode working clearance d numerical value are combined, depending on technological level and performance requirement, is not done herein specific
Regulation.
In the design process of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, device required precision, manufacture craft, breakdown potential
Press, be edge rounded to solve electric charge, stray capacitance inductance etc., being all the problem of must take into consideration.Breakdown voltage is especially individual important
Problem, therefore the maximum that U can be set is less than insulator film thickness h1The voltage that can be born, h1It is greater than positive tetrahedron hollow out
Structure and outer layer hollow out pedestal, 1/ ε of the gap d of internal layer hollow out pedestal.
In order to realize electrostatic suspension, earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector need to access circuit, specifically：Outer layer hollow out
On pedestal and internal layer hollow out pedestal relative to the metal level on the quadrilateral substrate on the symmetrical face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure it
Between connect the first circuit；Relative on the symmetrical face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure on outer layer hollow out pedestal and internal layer hollow out pedestal
Second circuit is connected between metal level on isosceles triangle substrate.First circuit is identical with the circuit structure of second circuit, only
It is that the position being connected on earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is different.Unlike positive tetrahedron engraved structure,
Blocked between 16 pieces of metal levels that outer layer hollow out pedestal, internal layer hollow out pedestal plate to ensure to be electrically insulated, the electricity between each face
Road line is connected and drawn by the openwork part of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector with fixed support.
Figure 14 is circuit diagram according to embodiments of the present invention, as shown in figure 14, internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out
The metal level of the opposite face of pedestal forms generating positive and negative voltage and applies pole plate, is electrically connected in the capacitance bridge and work(of circuit shown in Figure 14
Put output connection.Capacitance bridge is applying high frequency (depending on device size, optional between 10kHz-1MHz) just with transformer bay
String capacitance detecting alternating voltage.When inside and outside pole plate (i.e. the metal level of the opposite face of internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal) with
When the distance between corresponding movable plate electrode (i.e. each face of positive tetrahedron engraved structure) is unequal, capacitance bridge disequilibrium,
Phase demodulation capacitive detection circuit output control signal, power amplifier is driven by control circuit, inside external polar plate applies anti-driven electricity
Pressure, generates anti-external force electric field force, movable plate electrode is returned centre position, to realize the balance of electrostatic force and external force.At this moment external force with
Relation between electrostatic force is by formula：U2=0.5h ρ d2(g+a)/ε is determined.Voltage U, gravity acceleration g and acceleration a in the formula
All it is vector, h and d are the metal suspension electrode thickness of positive tetrahedron engraved structure and upper bottom crown gap respectively, and ρ is suspension pole
Sheetmetal density of material.
Inside and outside pole plate applied voltage is exported as measurement result by output circuit.Every suit circuit corresponds to a set of sandwich
Structure (i.e. each corresponding inside and outside pole plate), quadrangle and isosceles triangle respectively connect circuit kit.Whole device needs 8
Circuit works simultaneously.Output forms 8 space vectors, and its vector, spinor and external force are completely on the contrary, reach the effect of electrostatic suspension
Fruit, and form space omnidirectional vector and rotation divergence measurement function.Internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal are isolation material system
The conjoined structure of work, electric insulation between each metal polar plate.Internal layer hollow out pedestal and outer layer hollow out pedestal it is reserved from openwork part to
The guiding of outer expenditure protrudes structure, and the guiding, which protrudes, sets the extraction circuit with every piece of pole plate electrical connection respectively in structure.Ground
The eight pairs of pole plates (being divided into the pole plate of quadrangle and the pole plate of isosceles triangle) for shaking omnidirectional's vector electrostatic suspension wave detector correspond to 8 altogether
Individual circuit, 16 extraction electrodes.
So, electrostatic suspension formula：U2=0.5h ρ d2(g+a)/ε, just non-coplanar force balancing vector formula is turned into.Wherein U2It is
Output vector set；(g+a) it is input vector set；0.5hρd2/ ε is exactly receptance function, is both sensitivity and fidelity.
Element manufacturing is completed, and h, ρ, d, ε are exactly constant, illustrate that fidelity is splendid；Electrostatic suspension condition ensures againSensitivity is also much larger than spring cupport structure.
Figure 15 is earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector actual measurement output schematic diagram according to embodiments of the present invention, is such as schemed
Shown in 15, the output result of four above-mentioned first circuits, corresponding to first group of spinor shown in Figure 15, four above-mentioned second electricity
The output result on road, corresponding to second group of spinor shown in Figure 15.First group of spinor and second group of spinor and be 0, first
The difference of group spinor and second group of spinor is bispinor.The direction vector of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is right by 1 rotation direction 2
Gimmick then determines that total direction vector that revolves can be obtained through vector calculus.Vibration line vector can be calculated by redundant vectors and obtained.It is equivalent
In the vibration line vector that traditional three-component geophone calculates.The method that shear wave vibration line vector is solved using curl, can be in the hope of
Go out pure shear wave line vector, pure shear wave line vector is subtracted from global vibration line vector, pure longitudinal vibrations line vector can be obtained.
Above the concrete structure of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is described in detail, actually made
During, place for convenience, it is vertical that the underface summit in the principal triangle face of outer layer hollow out pedestal can connect a cone point
Conical tail bone directed downwardly, consequently facilitating being fixed on ground.Earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector can also set spherical
Housing, it is divided into upper semispherical shell and lower half spherical shell, outer layer hollow out pedestal, positive tetrahedron engraved structure, internal layer hollow out base
Seat is placed on the inside of above-mentioned spherical shell, and the bottom of lower half spherical shell sets tail bone hole, and tail bone passes through lower half spherical shell
Tail bone hole.So as to be plugged on ground, earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is consolidated.
In view of the fixation problem of upper semispherical shell and lower half spherical shell, present embodiments provide one kind and be preferable to carry out
Mode, i.e.,：The edge of upper semispherical shell and lower half spherical shell sets the protuberance of mutual cooperation, upper semispherical shell respectively
Fixed with the protuberance of lower half spherical shell by fixation kit.For example, fixed by way of screw and screw hole.So as to protect
Demonstrate,prove stability of the earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector in actual mechanical process.
For the output line of the circuit of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, can be set on spherical shell
Signal string holes, the output line of circuit (i.e. above-mentioned first circuit and second circuit) is set to pass through the signal string holes, consequently facilitating
Output line is output to outside housing, effectively obtains data.
, can be in the episphere of spherical shell in order to avoid the vector electrostatic suspension wave detector water inlet of earthquake omnidirectional influences to use
Joint gap, tail bone hole and signal string holes between shape housing and lower half spherical shell, seal waterproof, for example, can select
Silica gel or elastomeric material are sealed, so as to improve the sealing of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector.
For the positive tetrahedron shape of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, each face can be plane, can also
It is arbitrary surface, the present invention does not limit.
The preparation method of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is as follows：
With 3 D-printing method, tantalum powder, porcelain mud powder, acid metal powder, not acidproof material powder are set by every accurate parameters
The Computerized 3 D map printing embryo of meter, after high-temperature molding, the acid solution that Shi Yong Yu Tantalum effects can generate tantalum pentoxide will
Not acidproof material corrosion hollow out shaping, forms insulating barrier.Whether earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, which is arranged to vacuum, regards
Cost and demand determine.Circuit in earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector separately part can encapsulate.
Based on earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector provided by the invention, following effect can be at least realized：
1st, the electronic technology level of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is far beyond seismic demand, during profound and negative feedbck
Very little is reduced in the influence of kinoplaszm gauge block, and electrostatic force is direct current very low frequencies, and bandwidth is possible to reach 0 to hundreds of, or even thousands of Hz.
Frequency curve is straight in broad frequency band, and sensitivity and fidelity will all be much higher than electromagnetic type and existing MEMS-type unit
Omnidirectional's vector wave detector of making.
2nd, output of the earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector in stable state is exactly gravity, available for gravimetric prospecting, is inclined
Angle calculating etc..
3rd, the circuit theory of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector is high frequency low capacitance measurement, strong negative-feedback electrostatic force
Equidistant between bottom crown in control, electrostatic equilibrium is realized in the space static electricity power negative-feedback of positive tetrahedron.
Earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector goes for following aspect：Land artificial earthquake is explored, natively
Shake detection, gravitation detection, athletic posture measurement etc.., can based on earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector provided by the invention
To detect the curl of seismic wave, and the direction of vibration and real amplitude of wave field can be obtained, decomposite pure ripple in length and breadth, so as to
The abundant seismic wave information having no precedent in the past is enough obtained, brand-new data base has been established for the exploratory development of geoscience
Plinth.
Seismic wave detection is carried out using earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, is a kind of seismic wave inspection of brand new ideas
Survey method, the earthquake-capturing of brand new ideas, processing, means of interpretation can be developed, form brand-new seismic exploration technique series.No
Only improve signal to noise ratio, sensitivity, the new technology of fidelity.To the technology further research and application, it will have more
The discovery of technical characterstic, it is a brand-new invention, discovery, the technical field of development.Using earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension
The indices that wave detector measures can increase substantially, and can be applied to more high-grade, precision and advanced field, such as：Ultralow frequency wideband high-sensitivity
The rotation that design may extend to gravitation fluctuation dissipates the fields such as property detection, the micro- curl measurement of micro-acceleration, motion attitude control.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be any
One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further in detail
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Scope is protected, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector, it is characterised in that including：Positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and, The inside and outside of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure is placed equidistant with it, and internal layer hollow out pedestal identical from its structure but different size With outer layer hollow out pedestal；Each face of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure has entity part and openwork part, and the entity part is in each face Two angles the angular bisector quadrangle marked off and the isosceles triangle docked with it by face central point, the hollow-out parts It is divided into two triangles docked by face central point of the angular bisector division at described two angles；The outer surface in each face of the internal layer hollow out pedestal plates layer of metal layer；Wherein, the size of the metal level is less than The quadrangle and isosceles triangle size of the internal layer hollow out pedestal, and the metal on the quadrangle of the internal layer hollow out pedestal Layer is not in contact with each other with the metal level on isosceles triangle；The inner surface in each face of the outer layer hollow out pedestal plates layer of metal layer；Wherein, the size of the metal level is less than The quadrangle and isosceles triangle size of the outer layer hollow out pedestal, and the metal on the quadrangle of the outer layer hollow out pedestal Layer is not in contact with each other with the metal level on isosceles triangle.
- 2. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the positive tetrahedron is engraved Hollow structure includes principal triangle face；The one of angle in principal triangle face is defined as the first drift angle of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, first drift angle For an angle of the quadrangle of the entity part in the principal triangle face；Another side corresponding to first drift angle where base is defined as the first side of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, institute The midpoint for stating base corresponding to the first drift angle is counterclockwise slided in the principal triangle face, in the first side run into Angle be defined as the second drift angle, second drift angle for the quadrangle of the entity part of the first side an angle；Another side corresponding to second drift angle where base is defined as the second side of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, institute The midpoint for stating base corresponding to the second drift angle is slided clockwise in the first side, in the second side run into Angle is defined as the 3rd drift angle, and the 3rd drift angle is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in the second side；Another side corresponding to 3rd drift angle where base is defined as the 3rd side of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, institute The midpoint for stating base corresponding to the 3rd drift angle is counterclockwise slided in the second side, on the 3rd side run into Angle is defined as the 4th drift angle, and the 4th drift angle is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the 3rd side；OrFirst drift angle, second drift angle, the 3rd drift angle and the 4th drift angle correspond to the positive tetrahedron respectively The first summit, the second summit, the 3rd summit and the 4th summit of engraved structure；First drift angle is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the principal triangle face；3rd summit is described Angle in first side, it is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in the first side；4th summit is described Angle on two side faces, it is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part in the second side；Second summit is the described 3rd Angle on side, it is an angle of the quadrangle of entity part on the 3rd side.
- 3. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in thatThe positive tetrahedron engraved structure is metal material；The internal layer hollow out pedestal and the outer layer hollow out pedestal are isolation material；The outer layer hollow out pedestal is engraved with the internal layer The first circuit is connected between the metal level on quadrangle on space base seat on symmetrical face；The outer layer hollow out pedestal with it is described Second circuit is connected between the metal level on isosceles triangle on internal layer hollow out pedestal on symmetrical face.
- 4. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 3, it is characterised in thatMetal on the surface of the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, and the internal layer hollow out pedestal, the outer layer hollow out pedestal The surface of layer, oxidation form one layer of dielectric film.
- 5. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the outer layer hollow out base The underface summit in the principal triangle face of seat connects the conical tail bone of a cone point downwards.
- 6. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the earthquake omnidirectional arrow Amount electrostatic suspension wave detector also includes：Spherical shell, it is divided into upper semispherical shell and lower half spherical shell, the outer layer hollow out base Seat, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, the internal layer hollow out pedestal are placed on inside the spherical shell, the lower half spherical shell The bottom of body sets tail bone hole, and the tail bone passes through the tail bone hole of the lower half spherical shell.
- 7. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the upper half spherical shell The edge of body and the lower half spherical shell is respectively arranged with the protuberance of mutual cooperation, the upper semispherical shell and it is described under The protuberance of hemispherical shell is fixed by fixation kit.
- 8. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 6, it is characterised in that on the spherical shell The output line of setting signal string holes, first circuit and the second circuit passes through the signal string holes.
- 9. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the spherical shell Joint gap, the tail bone hole and the signal string holes between upper semispherical shell and lower half spherical shell, with silica gel or Elastomeric material seals waterproof.
- 10. earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector according to any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that institute State outer layer hollow out pedestal, the positive tetrahedron engraved structure, each face of the internal layer hollow out pedestal are arbitrary surface or plane.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510711111.8A CN105388514B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector |
| EP16858875.4A EP3370089B1 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2016-09-23 | Omni-directional vector electrostatic suspension seismic wave detector |
| PCT/CN2016/099826 WO2017071439A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2016-09-23 | Omni-directional vector electrostatic suspension seismic wave detector |
| US15/965,379 US10718875B2 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2018-04-27 | Omnidirectional vector electrostatic levitation geophone |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510711111.8A CN105388514B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105388514A CN105388514A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
| CN105388514B true CN105388514B (en) | 2017-12-05 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US10718875B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3370089B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105388514B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017071439A1 (en) |
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| CN105259566B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2018-02-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector wave detector |
| CN105388514B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2017-12-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of earthquake omnidirectional vector electrostatic suspension wave detector |
| ES2936815T3 (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2023-03-22 | Damen 40 B V | Underwater sound measurement system |
| CN116592987B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-09-26 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | In-plane omnidirectional wave field vector detection method and device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3370089A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
| EP3370089B1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
| US20180267184A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
| WO2017071439A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
| US10718875B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 |
| EP3370089A4 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
| CN105388514A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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