CN105382741B - Air pressure flexible clamping device of frame-shaped parts with thin walls, and clamping method of air pressure flexible clamping device - Google Patents

Air pressure flexible clamping device of frame-shaped parts with thin walls, and clamping method of air pressure flexible clamping device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105382741B
CN105382741B CN201511027413.XA CN201511027413A CN105382741B CN 105382741 B CN105382741 B CN 105382741B CN 201511027413 A CN201511027413 A CN 201511027413A CN 105382741 B CN105382741 B CN 105382741B
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China
Prior art keywords
air pressure
thin
parts
clamping
wall frame
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CN201511027413.XA
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CN105382741A (en
Inventor
江小辉
汪中厚
张振亚
李郝林
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201511027413.XA priority Critical patent/CN105382741B/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B25B11/005Vacuum work holders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/08Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
    • B23Q3/088Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated using vacuum means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/10Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

An air pressure flexible clamping device of frame-shaped parts with thin walls is used for clamping and fixing of to-be-machined frame-shaped parts with thin walls and cylinder body parts when being machined, and comprises a support unit which comprises a base and a closed-ring support which is arranged on the base and is used for surrounding the to-be-machined parts; a clamping unit which is arranged on the wall of the closed-ring support, and comprises at least three air pressure clamping parts which are mutually cooperated for clamping and fixing the to-be-machined parts; a pneumatic unit which is communicated with the air pressure clamping parts for respectively controlling air pressure of multiple air pressure clamping parts, wherein the air pressure clamping parts are detachably connected on the closed-ring support, a head end is provided with a suction nozzle, the suction nozzle is in contact, clamped and fixed with the outer surface of each of the to-be-machined parts through negative pressure. The invention also provides a clamping method. The device and the method have the advantages of being flexible in operation, high in applicability to shapes and sizes of thin-walled workpieces, and capable of effectively ensuring the stability, accuracy and reliability of the clamping of the frame-shaped parts with thin walls during a machining process.

Description

The air pressure flexible clamping device and its clamping method of thin-wall frame class part
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery field, applies in automobile, Aero-Space and crucial precision more particularly, to one kind Thin-wall frame class part clamping device for processing in manufacture field.
Background technology
The processing of thin wall component in field of machining is a long unassailable difficult problem, with thin in existing market Wall pieces product batch demand little, wide in variety is growing, and fixture, processing cost will be caused to go up.In order to adapt to flexibility The demand of thin-wall part processing, especially solves thin-wall part processing and loading clamp design problem, and this patent is mainly for thin-wall frame class part Processing.During being processed to thin-wall frame class part, because its profile is special, rigidity is little, therefore its processing is faced A primary technical difficult problem be exactly thin-wall frame class part clamping problem.The characteristic of thin-wall frame class part has:Lightweight, thickness Thin, rigidity is little and easily deforms, and especially for the thin-wall frame class part of aerospace field, its high precision, size are little, material It is special to require, clamping when these all cause the machining of thin-wall frame class part is fixed becomes particularly difficult.This is because: During processing, clamping is carried out to thin-wall frame class part according to conventional brace, on the one hand due to the versatility of conventional brace, The needs of thin-wall frame class part distinctive appearance clamping cannot be met, and then Set and Positioning precision cannot be met;On the other hand, tradition Fixture cannot determine its clamping force, and irrational clamping force can cause the deformation of part, cause part manufacturing tolerance, make part The qualification rate of processing is reduced.
Current field of machining, for the clamping of thin-wall frame class part, in order to solve the thin-wall frame class part of the above Plus the clamping problem in man-hour frequently with method be:
One of method, with rubber pneumatic bag clamping is solved the problems, such as:For the deformation and vibration problem that occur in processing, using rubber Glue air bag solves problem therein as fixture.The defect of this installation way is:1) because thin wall component is to be close to On rubber, so as to the precision effective control to part processing cannot be realized;2) in addition, due also to the deformation of air bag Rate, thus the clamping of the thin wall component of irregular contour can not be met.
The two of method, Auxiliary support installation way:Principle is exactly intensive around thin-wall part arrangement for carpentery workshop to aid in propping up Support, but substantial amounts of time and efforts must be taken, and also Auxiliary support is readjusted according to the change of External Shape; Real-time monitoring can not be carried out to the power suffered by part in addition, reliability will be far short of what is expected with controlling.
The three of method, using traditional installation way, by the clipping variation in optimization design clamping device, i.e., using biography System fixture is clamped to outer peripheral some specified points of thin-wall frame class part.Although this installation way is simple, its Open defect is:Conventional brace is easily caused the deformation of thin-wall frame class part due to uncontrollable its clamping force, causes processing Trueness error is larger.
In summary the major defect of prior art is:
1) flexibility degree is not high, and the profile of processing part is limited larger, coarse-fine processing mode and is limited to.
2) fixture adjustment time length, high cost, and clamping force is difficult adjustment control.
3) adaptive is poor, and fixture adjustment excessively relies on experience, and precision is difficult to control to.
For disadvantages described above, it is accordingly required in particular to the air pressure flexible clamping dress of a kind of simple and practical thin-wall frame class part Put to meet the growing precision machined needs of multi-varieties and small-batch thin-wall frame like members.
The content of the invention
The present invention is proposed to solve the above problems, there is provided a kind of air pressure flexible clamping dress of thin-wall frame class part Put and clamping method, the device and corresponding clamping method can carry out clamping to thin-wall frame class part, beneficial to the precision of part Processing.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, it is to be processed for thin-wall frame class, cylinder body class Gripping when part is processed, it is characterised in that include:Supporter, including base and for surrounding parts to be processed Closed loop support, closed loop support is arranged on base;Grip unit, is arranged on the wall of closed loop support, including at least three gas Pressure clamping part, air pressure clamping part cooperates for gripping parts to be processed;And pneumatic unit, connect with air pressure clamping part It is logical, for controlling the gas pressure of multiple air pressure clamping parts respectively, wherein, air pressure clamping part is detachably connected to closed loop On frame, head end has suction nozzle, and suction nozzle is contacted by negative pressure with the outer surface of parts to be processed and gripped.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that, also wrap Include:Control unit, with pneumatic unit connect, including controller and be arranged at suction nozzle inner side and with controller connect pressure sensing Device, controller is used to receive the pressure signal of pressure transducer, and it is carried out to issue an instruction to control pneumatic unit after computing.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that its feature It is:Wherein, air pressure clamping part is cylinder-piston assembly, including cylinder and the piston rod that coordinates with it, and piston rod afterbody is with closing Ring support is detachably connected, and the closing head end of cylinder is connected with suction nozzle, and the both sides of the piston end position of piston rod are located on cylinder Two air inlets are respectively arranged with, air inlet connects with pneumatic unit, and by the size variation of piston two ends air pressure gas is controlled Cylinder do away from or near parts to be processed motion.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that:Wherein, Pneumatic unit includes air pump and the barostat connected with air pump, and barostat connects with controller, air pressure adjustment Device is provided with the connecting line of air pressure clamping part number twice quantity, and connecting line is used for being connected with air inlet, and connecting line makes Make of flexible material, controller issues instructions to barostat to control to correspond to the air pressure in connecting line.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that:Wherein, Piston rod is hollow, connects for same connecting line.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that:Wherein, Piston rod afterbody is provided with clamp nut and screw thread, and hole is provided through on corresponding closed loop support, and through hole is used for installing spiral shell Stricture of vagina.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that:Wherein, The number of through hole is multiple, and the differing heights position of closed loop support is linearly arranged at respectively.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that:Wherein, Closed loop support is rigid annulus.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, can also have the feature that:Wherein, Suction nozzle is horn-like, is made using flexible material.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of clamping, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
The first step, by the surrounding of parts to be processed the air pressure clamping part of suitable quantity and position is arranged according to appearance profile;
Second step, connects multiple air pressure clamping parts and pneumatic unit;
3rd step, pneumatic unit work, compressed gas-driven air pressure clamping part is fixedly clamped parts to be processed.
Invention effect and effect
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present invention is provided, including:Supporter, including at least four The grip unit of air pressure clamping part, for gripping parts to be processed;And pneumatic unit, connect with air pressure clamping part, use In the gas pressure for controlling multiple air pressure clamping parts respectively, wherein, air pressure clamping part is detachably connected on closed loop support, Head end has suction nozzle, and suction nozzle is contacted by negative pressure with the outer surface of parts to be processed and gripped, and such design is caused:
Flexible operation, thin-wall part outer shape, size strong applicability, but also can effectively ensure that in process Stability, accuracy, the reliability of thin-wall frame class parts fixation;
By the flexible spout of air pressure clamping part, the shape of different parts to be processed is adapted to so that clamping mode is soft Property degree it is high, can any sheet parts of self adaptation, thin-wall frame class spare part outside measurement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the air pressure flexible clamping device structural upright schematic diagram of the thin-wall frame class part of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the air pressure clamping part of the air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the air pressure flexible clamping device texture edge view of the thin-wall frame class part of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the air pressure flexible clamping device top view of the thin-wall frame class part of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, it is real below Apply example combine accompanying drawing to the present invention thin-wall frame class part air pressure flexible clamping device and its clamping method be specifically addressed.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the air pressure flexible clamping device structural upright schematic diagram of the thin-wall frame class part of the present embodiment
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the air pressure clamping part of the air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part of the present embodiment
Such as Fig. 1, shown in 2, the air pressure flexible clamping device 100 of thin-wall frame class part includes:Supporter 10, is arranged on and props up The grip unit 20 on unit 10 is held, the pneumatic unit 30 being connected with grip unit 20 is (including the connection of same grip unit 20 Connecting line 31) and control pneumatic unit 30 control unit 40.Wherein,
Supporter 10, including base 11 and the closed loop support 12 for surrounding parts to be processed,
Closed loop support 12 is rigid annulus, is fixed on the pedestal 11 by modes such as welding, and base 11 is closed on base plate Hole 121 is provided through on ring support 12, through hole is used for installing grip unit 20, and the number of through hole 121 is multiple, difference Linearly it is arranged at the differing heights position (as shown in Figure 1) of closed loop support;
Grip unit 20, is arranged on the wall of closed loop support 12, including at least three air pressure clamping parts 21, air pressure clamping part 21 cooperate for gripping parts to be processed:21 are clamped when parts to be processed is to be similar to square using four air pressure MIN fixation can be met;When parts to be processed is the structure similar to triangle, three,
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2 b for a sectional view, air pressure clamping part 21 is cylinder-piston assembly, including the He of cylinder 211 The piston rod 212 coordinated with it,
The afterbody of piston rod 212 is provided with clamp nut and screw thread, coordinates for installation into screw thread on through hole 121 and fixes, Realization is detachably connected with closed loop support 12,
The closing head end of cylinder 211 is connected with suction nozzle 2111 and the pressure transducer 2112 being arranged in suction nozzle 2111, In the present embodiment, pressure transducer 2112 is SMD pressure transducer, and it is sticked on the inwall of suction nozzle 2111:Work as suction nozzle 2111 when being adjacent to parts to be processed, can detect active force by pressure transducer 2112,
Two air inlets (non-table in figure is respectively arranged with cylinder 211 positioned at the both sides of the piston end position of piston rod 212 Show), air inlet connects with pneumatic unit 30, cylinder 211 is controlled by the size variation of piston two ends air pressure and drives suction nozzle 2111 do away from or near parts to be processed motion:When near to contact parts to be processed, by the flexibility of suction nozzle 2111 Deformation produces negative pressure to be close to fix parts to be processed,
Further, piston rod 212 is hollow, and hollow cavity is used for accommodating connecting line 31;
Fig. 3 is the air pressure flexible clamping device texture edge view of the thin-wall frame class part of the present embodiment
Fig. 4 is the air pressure flexible clamping device top view of the thin-wall frame class part of the present embodiment
Such as Fig. 3, shown in 4, pneumatic unit 30 is connected with air pressure clamping part 21, for controlling multiple air pressure clamping parts respectively 21 gas pressure, including air pump 31 and the barostat 32 that connects with air pump 31, and barostat 32 is single with control Unit 40 connects,
Barostat 32 is provided with the connecting line 321 of the number twice quantity of air pressure clamping part 21:In the present embodiment, gas Pressure clamping part 21 is 4, then the number of corresponding connecting line 321 should have two air inlets for 8, i.e. 211 pairs, each cylinder, By other pressure differences of the two air inlets come the flexible of drive cylinder, connecting line 321 is through the sky in piston rod 212 Chamber connects (be located in cylinder 211) with air inlet, and connecting line 321 is made using flexible material, and a part is exposed, and a part is buried It is located at below base 11,
Control unit issues instructions to barostat 32 to control to correspond to the air pressure in connecting line;
Control unit 40, connects with the barostat 32 in pneumatic unit 30, including controller 41 and is arranged at suction nozzle 2111 inner sides and the pressure transducer connected with 41 devices of control, pressure transducer 2112 is SMD pressure transducer,
Controller 41, can be electronic computer, receive the pressure signal of pressure transducer 2112, and carry out computing to it Issue an instruction to afterwards control the motion of air pressure clamping part 21, when actually used, electronic computer is manipulated by people, and operator can To control the flexible clamping of air pressure clamping part 21, while the stress warning value of different parts to be processed is set, by pressure sensing Device 2112 is monitored and is shown in real time on electronic computer, and the active force for adjusting air pressure clamping part 21 reaches guarantee processing essence The purpose of degree.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of air pressure flexible clamping device using above-mentioned thin-wall frame class part and carries out clamping Fixed method:
The first step, by the surrounding of parts to be processed the air pressure clamping part of suitable quantity and position is arranged according to appearance profile 21, because parts to be processed is similar quadrilateral structure in this embodiment, therefore air pressure clamping part 21 is four;
Second step, connects multiple air pressure clamping parts 21 and pneumatic unit 30, according to the shape of part on closed loop support 12 The clamping part 21 of corresponding number is fixedly connected, while noting adjusting its setting height(from bottom) on closed loop support 12;
3rd step, pneumatic unit 30 works, and compressed gas-driven air pressure clamping part 21 is fixedly clamped parts to be processed.
As shown in figure 4, the thin plate frame shape workpiece after roughing is placed on the pedestal 11, part lower surface and base 11 end face directly contacts, are then respectively arranged with the cylinder 211 and 212 pairs zero, piston rod of scalable control in part surrounding end face Part applies pretightning force by suction nozzle 2111, finally plays a part of clamping to part.
During roughing, by the position and the clamping point (i.e. suction nozzle 2111 with feature contacts where) that adjust part, can be with Complete the processing of appearance profile.After the completion of this step, continue (can as far as possible be clamped the big region of rigidity, be subtracted with the clamp profile The little therefore and extra deformation of generation), the removal of remaining material of internal frame contour is realized, in case follow-up polish is used.And In finishing passes, same fixture scheme can be used, but in order to improve the integral rigidity of thin-wall part, can be using the auxiliary such as plasticine The internal die cavity of material filling, realizes polish.
The effect of embodiment and beneficial effect
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present embodiment is provided, including:Supporter, including at least four The grip unit of individual air pressure clamping part, for gripping parts to be processed;And pneumatic unit, connect with air pressure clamping part, For controlling the gas pressure of multiple air pressure clamping parts respectively, wherein, air pressure clamping part is detachably connected to closed loop support On, head end has suction nozzle, and suction nozzle is contacted by negative pressure with the outer surface of parts to be processed and gripped, and such design makes :
Flexible operation, thin-wall part outer shape, size strong applicability, but also can effectively ensure that in process Stability, accuracy, the reliability of thin-wall frame class parts fixation;
By the flexible spout of air pressure clamping part, the shape of different parts to be processed is adapted to so that clamping mode is soft Property degree it is high, can any sheet parts of self adaptation, thin-wall frame class spare part outside measurement.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present embodiment is provided also includes control unit, same to pneumatic unit Connection, including controller and the pressure transducer that is arranged at suction nozzle inner side and connects with controller, such design can have Control function, it is possible to achieve flexible expandable, while detection and control clamping force, can solve the problem that and enter to irregular thin wall component The problem of luggage folder.
The air pressure flexible clamping device of the thin-wall frame class part that the present embodiment is provided, wherein, the number of through hole be it is multiple, The differing heights position of closed loop support is linearly arranged at respectively, and such design can conveniently adjust the position of clamping, real Now preferably clamp;On the other hand, multiple stress points can be realized by increasing multiple air pressure clamping parts, stress evenly, subtracts The deformation of thin-walled parts, improves machining accuracy in few clamping process.
By arranging pressure transducer in suction nozzle and piece surface contact position, can read out and act on thin-walled parts Clamping force so that the clamping of thin-wall frame class part has visual and controllability.
By computer, air pressure control unit, connecting conduit, air pressure clamping part, suction nozzle, pressure transducer, formation one Closed loop control, is controlled in real time to the clamp pressure suffered by thin-walled parts.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part, is processed for thin-wall frame class, cylinder body class parts to be processed When grip, it is characterised in that include:
Supporter, including base and the closed loop support for surrounding the parts to be processed, the closed loop support is arranged on institute State on base;
Grip unit, is arranged on the wall of the closed loop support, including at least three air pressure clamping parts, the air pressure clamping part phase Interworking shares to grip the parts to be processed,
The air pressure clamping part is detachably connected on the closed loop support, and head end has suction nozzle, and the suction nozzle is treated with described The outer surface of processing part is contacted by negative pressure and gripped,
The air pressure clamping part is cylinder-piston assembly, including cylinder and the piston rod that coordinates with it,
The piston rod afterbody is detachably connected with the closed loop support, and the closing head end of the cylinder is connected with the suction nozzle;
Pneumatic unit, connects, for controlling the gas pressure of multiple air pressure clamping parts respectively with the air pressure clamping part;With And
Control unit, connects with the pneumatic unit, including controller and is arranged at suction nozzle inner side and with the controller The pressure transducer of connection,
The controller is used to receive the pressure signal of the pressure transducer, and it is carried out to issue an instruction to control after computing The pneumatic unit,
Wherein, the both sides of the piston end position on the cylinder positioned at the piston rod are respectively arranged with two air inlets,
The air inlet connects with the pneumatic unit, controls the cylinder by the size variation of piston two ends air pressure and does far From or near the parts to be processed motion.
2. the air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the pneumatic unit includes air pump and the barostat connected with air pump, and the same institute of the barostat Controller connection is stated,
The barostat is provided with the connecting line of the air pressure clamping part number twice quantity, and the connecting line is used for Connect with the air inlet, the connecting line is made using flexible material,
The controller issues instructions to the barostat to control to correspond to the air pressure in the connecting line.
3. the air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the piston rod is hollow, for connecting with the connecting line.
4. the air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the piston rod afterbody is provided with clamp nut and screw thread, and on the corresponding closed loop support hole is provided through, The through hole is used for installing the screw thread.
5. the air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the number of the through hole is multiple, and the differing heights position of the closed loop support is linearly arranged at respectively.
6. the air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the closed loop support is rigid annulus.
7. the air pressure flexible clamping device of thin-wall frame class part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the suction nozzle is horn-like, is made using flexible material.
CN201511027413.XA 2015-12-31 2015-12-31 Air pressure flexible clamping device of frame-shaped parts with thin walls, and clamping method of air pressure flexible clamping device Expired - Fee Related CN105382741B (en)

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