CN105375961A - Satellite frequency-band sharing method based on beam hopping mode - Google Patents

Satellite frequency-band sharing method based on beam hopping mode Download PDF

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CN105375961A
CN105375961A CN201510844033.9A CN201510844033A CN105375961A CN 105375961 A CN105375961 A CN 105375961A CN 201510844033 A CN201510844033 A CN 201510844033A CN 105375961 A CN105375961 A CN 105375961A
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satellite
user
primary user
prime
time
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CN105375961B (en
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张建军
薛明
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China Academy of Space Technology CAST
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Abstract

The invention relates to a satellite frequency-band sharing method based on a beam hopping mode. A communication satellite has a multi-beam antenna and establishes a cognitive link; a spectrum unauthorized satellite obtains the beam hopping mode of a spectrum authorized satellite through information exchange of the cognitive link, such that the transmitting power of a main beam distributed by a main user satellite and the power of a main beam received by a main user are obtained; and a secondary user satellite adjusts the transmitting power itself according to the beam hopping mode of the main user satellite, and adjusts the beam hopping mode itself according to the beam hopping mode of the main user satellite, namely the beam forbidden radius of the main beam distributed by the main user satellite. By means of the method disclosed by the invention, the secondary user satellite cannot influence normal operation of the main user satellite; the spectrum use efficiency can be increased; furthermore, because the secondary satellite has relatively small beams, a relatively small antenna aperture can be designed and used through the low peak earnings and the low equivalent level of beams; and thus, the hardware cost is saved.

Description

A kind of satellite band based on beam-hopping pattern shares method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of frequency range multiplex technique, the satellite band particularly based on beam-hopping pattern shares method.
Background technology
Future communications satellite network and ground network are aggregated on the platform of a standard, jointly provide the possibility of mobility, stationarity and broadcast service to become an important study hotspot, this also requires that communication satellite and ground network use identical frequency range.Developing rapidly of high-speed wideband and multi-media wireless services, causes broadband wireless spectrum requirement to increase, and simultaneously due to the strategy of current frequency range segmentation and static allocation, the available resource of frequency range becomes more and more rareness.
Under this background, cognition wireless electrical communication technology is a kind of technology using spectrum efficiency in the heterogeneous wireless network coexisted efficiently.The wireless network of similar frequency bands is used to have many forms, as two kinds of ground network combinations, two kinds of satellite network combinations, the heterogeneous network combination etc. on satellite and ground.This technology allows primary user and time custom system jointly to use identical frequency range, thus need not hinder the normal work licensing to primary user's system frequency range.
In satellite communication field, fixed communication satellite service uses C-band (4-7GHz) and K-band (ku:11.7-14.5GHz, ka:20-30GHz) usually; Moving communication satellite service more uses L (1.4-1.6GHz) and S-band (2.2-2.6GHz), reason is can by antenna on plate, better penetration power and less atmospheric effect.
The development of ground service (as 3G, LTE, WiMax and WiFi service) causes lasting pressure to the L of communication satellite and C-band.Specifically: within 2000, world's radio conference is for Future Data growth requirement problem, has done expansion: 806-960MHz, 1710-1885MH, 2500-2690MHz to 3G frequency band; LTE: frequency range 2010-2615MHz; WiFi:2.4GHz, 5GHzWiMax: main frequency range: 2.3GHz, 2.5-2.7GHz, 3.5GHz.The restriction of the high demand of broadband service and L, S-band frequency resource uses, and makes fixed satellite service bring into use more multifrequency Ku and Ka wave band.Therefore, explore efficient frequency sharing technology and improve spectrum efficiency, guarantee service quality is important have studying a question of challenge simultaneously.This technology has also expedited the emergence of the concept of cognitive communication technology of satellite, for developing spectrum-sharing techniques in two kinds of communication satellite network systems or satellite and ground network system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of satellite band based on beam-hopping pattern is provided to share method, the difference of the pattern of cognitive beam-hopping technology is adopted for communication satellite, based on Poewr control method and forbidden zone method, the beam-hopping pattern of secondary satellite adjustment self, while reaching time user's satellite use same frequency signal transmission, do not affect the normal work of primary user's satellite system, adopt separately the system ratio of multiple beam systems or beam-hopping technology with communication satellite, improve the throughput of system.
The object of the invention is achieved by following technical solution:
Satellite band based on beam-hopping pattern shares a method, comprises the following steps:
(1) the mandate satellite of a certain frequency range is primary user's satellite, unauthorized satellite is time user's satellite, primary user's satellite and time user's satellite all adopt beam-hopping pattern and terrestrial user communication, set up cognitive link between secondary user's satellite and primary user's satellite, obtain primary user's satellite distribution and normally to work lower interference threshold Grade I to the transmitting power of wave beam j and primary user's satellite t;
(2) secondary user i ' is D with the distance at primary user's satellite beams j center, and the ground radius surface of the wave beam of wave beam j is R, as D≤R, calculates time user's satellite and meets I aGG≤ I ttime, the maximum P of the transmitting power of secondary user's satellite st, wherein I aGGrepresent time user's satellite beams to the interference of primary user's satellite and; As D>R, secondary user's satellite adopts the wave beam j of primary user's satellite and time user communication, and the transmitting power of secondary user's satellite is total power;
(3) secondary user's satellite calculates the wave beam radius R of primary user's satellite in real time new, return step (2), another R=R new.
Preferably, the mode setting up cognitive link between secondary user's satellite and primary user's satellite is: secondary user's satellite and primary user's satellite adopt communication between star to set up cognitive link.
Preferably, the mode setting up cognitive link between secondary user's satellite and primary user's satellite is: secondary user's passing of satelline time user's ground satellite station gateway and primary user's ground satellite station gateway set up cognitive link.
Preferably, calculate time user's satellite in described step (2) and meet I aGG≤ I ttime, the transmitting power maximum P of secondary user's satellite stconcrete grammar be:
P s t = I T Σ j ′ ∈ S s | G max ′ · ( J 1 ( u ( i ′ , j ′ ) ) 2 u ( i ′ , j ′ ) + 36 J 3 ( u ( i ′ , j ′ ) ) 2 u ( i ′ , j ′ ) 3 ) 2 G s , i ′ j ( 4 πd i ′ j ′ ) 2 | 2
G ' maxfor secondary user's satellite maximum antenna gain, J n(.) is n rank first form beta function,
u (i ', j ')=2.01723sin (θ (i ', j '))/sin (θ 3dB), θ 3dBfor 3dB angle; G s, i ' jrepresent that time user i ' antenna is to the gain of main beam j; d i ' j 'represent the distance of primary user i to main satellite.
Preferably, in described step (3), time user's satellite calculates the wave beam radius R of primary user's satellite in real time newmethod be:
The beamwidth θ of primary user's satellite beams 3dB 3dBbe expressed as follows:
θ 3dB＝tan -1(R 0/D)
Wherein R 0for the ground radius surface that 3dB wave beam is wide, D is the height of primary user's satellite to wave beam j center; As primary user's satellite adjustment θ 3dBvalue time, θ new=θ 3dB+ α, α are the wide adjusting range of primary user's satellite beams, and the ground radius surface after adjustment is R new;
R new＝Dtanθ new。
Preferably, in described step (2), the initial value of R is θ 3dBthe wave beam radius of corresponding wave beam j.
Preferably, described frequency range belongs to C-band, L-band, S-band or K-band.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention's time user's satellite utilizes beam-hopping mode planning mechanism, achieves and shares spectrum technology with primary user's satellite, improve the service efficiency of frequency range, when the resource of frequency range is limited, can provide service for more users;
(2) the present invention's time satellite adopts less wave beam, and the low peak income of wave beam and low contour level can design the less antenna aperature of use, reduces time satellite antenna design cost; Can low power transmissions be adopted, save the power consumption of satellite;
(3) the present invention adopts based on the multi beam communication satellite of beam-hopping mode planning mechanism, compared with the satellite system of existing independent employing multiple beam systems or beam-hopping technology, improves the throughput of satellite communication system;
(4) the present invention is directed to the diverse location of user, adopt power control method and forbidden zone method to combine, can the transmitting power of dynamic conditioning time user's satellite, the frequency resource of existing main satellite can be made full use of, allow time user better be served.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on the double star multiple beam systems of cognitive beam-hopping technology;
Fig. 2 is the customer location schematic diagram of power control method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the customer location schematic diagram of forbidden zone of the present invention method.
Embodiment
Existing multiple beam systems is as follows:
The wave beam bandwidth W that user i is assigned to i:
W i＝W/K
Wherein, W is up link available bandwidth, and K is frequency duplex factor as one, namely bandwidth W is divided into K section.1 clusters of beams have shared whole bandwidth.The wave beam bandwidth W be assigned to i, be expressed as follows:
W i＝N iW c
N ibe the carrier number of i-th wave beam, W cfor the band width of carrier wave.
In multi beam satellite system, the minimum value of K is 3.
Existing another kind of multiple-beam system:
Each wave beam has 1 carrier wave at least, N i∈ 1,2 ..., N max, N max=N c-(K-1), N c=W/W c
Wherein N cfor all available carrier wave numbers.Make N bfor number of beams all in system, so there is N c× N ballocated bandwidth Matrix C be expressed as follows:
Wherein, C ijrepresent a jth allocation of carriers to i-th wave beam, the carrier number distributing to i-th wave beam is c ij{ 0,1} represents whether a jth allocation of carriers is to i-th wave beam to ∈.
Beam-hopping pattern technology refers to satellite multiple-beam system uses some simultaneously wave beam with fixing repeat pattern.This technology contributes to reducing the quantity of amplifier on plate and load to the requirement of power.Multiplexing or the partial frequency multiplexing enforcement beam-hopping technology with full rate, under full rate is multiplexing, beam-hopping system cycle ground application regular time window, gives the wave beam of each use by all available allocated bandwidth.The service time of each wave beam should meet the requirement of user's propagation delay time; Under partial frequency multiplexing, bandwidth is divided, and each wave beam uses the bandwidth of part.Make N tfor the number of timeslots that each time window comprises, so N t× N bwave beam uses matrix T to be expressed as follows:
Wherein, T ijrepresent a jth time slot allocation to i-th wave beam, the timeslot number distributing to i-th wave beam is t ij{ 0,1} represents whether a jth time slot allocation is to i-th wave beam to ∈.
For existing beam-hopping pattern technology, the present invention proposes a kind of method that frequency range is shared:
Step 1: communication satellite adopts multi-beam antenna, and sets up cognitive link.By the information exchange of cognitive link, the unauthorized satellite of frequency spectrum (secondary user's satellite) obtains the beam-hopping pattern of spectrum authorization satellite (primary user's satellite), obtains primary user's satellite distribution and normally to work lower interference threshold Grade I to main beam j transmitting power and primary user's satellite t.
As shown in Figure 1, two communication satellites all adopt multiple-wire antenna, cover identical ground region, are all in identical Geo-synchronous stationary orbit (GEO), and are connected with the different gateways on ground.Connect by terrestrial links (as optical fiber, microwave) at a high speed between gateway.In addition, two communication satellites are operated in Ka wave band (20-21GHz forward link).Primary user's satellite is the wideband multimedia services providing high priority to fixed-line subscriber.Secondary user's satellite is used for the interactive services providing low service quality (QoS) to fixed-line subscriber.In identical overlay area, primary user's satellite uses larger wave beam, and secondary user's satellite uses less wave beam.Overlay area is made up of larger main beam and the spot wave beam in main beam, and these spot wave beams are wave beams of time satellite.
Under beam-hopping (beamhopping) system, because primary user's satellite only employs the fraction wave beam in a large amount of wave beam disposed, remaining etc. to be transmitted in wave beam be in idle condition.If a satellite using the frequency range identical with primary user's satellite, but different with the beam-hopping sequence of primary user's satellite, and so dispose such satellite and can not cause serious interference to primary user's satellite system, the frequency efficiency of whole system will be improved.This thought be primary user's satellite share it beam-hopping pattern to time user's satellite, then secondary user's satellite is according to the beam-hopping pattern of primary user's satellite, designs the beam-hopping pattern of self.In order to reach such object, primary user's satellite and time user's satellite need to carry out alternately, just time user's satellite can know the beam-hopping pattern of primary user's satellite like this.Can be realized by the cognitive link between gateway station alternately, also can be realized by communication on star.
It is N that the installation of primary user's satellite multiple-beam system can send out number of beams bsatellite antenna, and adopt specific beam-hopping pattern.
Primary user's satellite jth beam allocation gives the beam gain B of i-th user ij, be expressed as follows:
B i j = G max · ( J 1 ( u ( i , j ) ) 2 u ( i , j ) + 36 J 3 ( u ( i , j ) ) 2 u ( i , j ) 3 ) 2
Wherein, G maxfor maximum antenna gain, u (i, j)=2.01723sin (θ (i, j))/sin (θ 3dB), θ 3dBfor 3dB angle, θ (i, j) represents the angle position line from wave beam j center to user i and satellite, J n(.) is n rank first form beta function (firstkindofBessel ' sfunctionofordern), J v ( z ) = ( z 2 ) v Σ k = 0 ∞ ( z 2 4 ) k k ! Γ ( v + k + 1 ) , Γ (.) is gamma function, Γ ( x ) = ∫ 0 ∞ e - t t x - 1 d t .
Under fine day condition, the channel coefficients h from primary user's satellite beams j to primary user i ijbe expressed as follows:
h i j = B i j G r , i j ( 4 πd i j ) 2
Wherein, G r, ijrepresent that primary user i reception antenna is to the gain of main beam j, d ijrepresent the distance of primary user i to main satellite, r ijthe distance of main beam j center to the position of primary user i, D jbe the height of main satellite to main beam j center.
Under fine day condition, primary user's satellite distribution to main beam j transmitting power, by formulae discovery below:
P i , j = γ t h · I c n min i ∈ j | h i j | 2
Wherein γ thfor the minimum signal to noise ratio (SNR) required under the service quality (QoS) that primary user i expects, I cnrepresent the interference plus noise of other beam signals to main beam j channel, i ∈ j represents that main beam j distribution is given to primary user i and uses.
The received power P of primary user i r,iwith the power P of wave beam j t,jrelevant, be expressed as follows:
P r , i = h i j P t , j = B i j G r , i j ( 4 πd i j ) 2 × γ t h · I c n min i ∈ j | h i j | 2 = γ t h · I c n ( 4 πd i j ) 2 c max · ( J 1 ( u ( i , j ) ) 2 u ( i , j ) + 36 J 3 ( u ( i , j ) ) 2 u ( i , j ) 3 ) 2 G r , i j
Wherein, j={1 ..., N b, i={1 ..., M}, M=N b/ K is total number of users, and K is frequency duplex factor as one.
Step 2: the distance D at secondary user i ' and main satellite beams j center, the wave beam forbidden zone radius of wave beam j is R, and as D≤R, adopt Poewr control method, the transmitting power of secondary user's satellite, does not affect primary user's satellite and normally work; As D>R, secondary user's satellite adopts the wave beam j of primary user's satellite and time user communication, and the transmitting power of secondary user's satellite is total power.
Based on Poewr control method, secondary user's satellite is according to the beam-hopping pattern of primary user's satellite, and namely primary user's satellite normally works lower interference threshold, adjusts the transmitting power of self.
Under a certain particular time-slot T, secondary satellite compute beam adds up to the interference of primary user's satellite system, and then based on main satellite interference rank, the transmitting power of adjustment time satellite meets the interference threshold rank of primary user's satellite.
At a certain particular time-slot T, secondary satellite beams adds up to I to the interference of primary user's satellite aGGcan be expressed as I A G G = P s t Σ j ′ ∈ S s | h i ′ j ′ , s | 2 .
Wherein h i ' j ', sfor secondary satellite beams j ' is to the channel gain of secondary user i ', Ss is under a certain particular time-slot T, the beam set that secondary satellite is active, and j ' ∈ Ss represents that wave beam j ' belongs to the active beam set of time satellite.
By the cognitive link between gateway, primary user's satellite can be obtained and normally to work lower interference threshold Grade I t, work as I aGG≤ I ttime, the transmitting power of so secondary satellite is expressed as follows:
P s t = I A G G Σ j ′ ∈ S s | h i ′ j ′ , s | 2 ≤ I T Σ j ′ ∈ S s | B i ′ j ′ , s G s , i ′ j ( 4 πd i ′ j ′ ) 2 | 2 ≤ I T Σ j ′ ∈ S s | G max ′ · ( J 1 ( u ( i ′ , j ′ ) ) 2 u ( i ′ , j ′ ) + 36 J 3 ( u ( i ′ , j ′ ) ) 2 u ( i ′ , j ′ ) 3 ) 2 G s , i ′ j ( 4 πd i ′ j ′ ) 2 | 2
Wherein, Ss is under a certain particular time-slot T, the beam set that secondary satellite is active, θ 3dBfor 3dB angle; G s, i ' jrepresent that time user i ' antenna is to the gain of main beam j; d i ' j 'represent the distance of primary user i to main satellite.
The wave beam forbidden zone radius of the distance D at user i and main satellite beams j center, wave beam j is R, as D>R, adopts forbidden zone method:
Based on forbidden zone method, secondary user's satellite is according to primary user's satellite beam-hopping pattern, namely primary user's satellite distribution is to the wave beam forbidden zone radius of main beam j, adjust the beam-hopping pattern of self, secondary user's satellite all can adopt the wave beam j communication of primary user, do not need to consider the interference to primary user's satellite, the transmitting power of secondary satellite can adopt total power.
Step 3: secondary user's satellite calculates the wave beam radius R of primary user's satellite in real time new, return step 2, another R=R new.
The beamwidth θ of main satellite beams 3dB 3dB(beamwidth) be expressed as follows:
θ 3dB＝tan -1(R 0/D)
Wherein, R 0for the ground radius surface that 3dB wave beam is wide, i.e. the initial value of R; D is the height of primary user's satellite to wave beam j center, by improving θ 3dBvalue, θ new=θ 3dB+ α, α are the wide adjusting range of primary user's satellite beams, and D is constant, can calculate corresponding radius R new=Dtan θ new.At a certain particular time-slot T, the wave beam of secondary user is only at active main satellite beams forbidden zone radius R newcan be used outward.
The present invention proposes the spectrum-sharing techniques communicated based on the double star multi beam of beam-hopping mode planning mechanism, based on the priori of primary user's satellite beam-hopping pattern, secondary user's design of satellites is different from the beam-hopping pattern of primary user's satellite, double star is by cognitive link information swap time of gateway station simultaneously, based on Poewr control method and forbidden zone method, primary user's satellite and time user's satellite can simultaneous transmission of signals.This technology time user's satellite not only can not have influence on the normal work of primary user's satellite, improve frequency spectrum service efficiency, and using less wave beam due to secondary satellite, the low peak income of wave beam and low contour level can design the less antenna aperature of use, save hardware cost.
The above; be only the embodiment of the best of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
The content be not described in detail in specification of the present invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (7)

1. the satellite band based on beam-hopping pattern shares a method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) the mandate satellite of a certain frequency range is primary user's satellite, unauthorized satellite is time user's satellite, primary user's satellite and time user's satellite all adopt beam-hopping pattern and terrestrial user communication, set up cognitive link between secondary user's satellite and primary user's satellite, obtain primary user's satellite distribution and normally to work lower interference threshold Grade I to the transmitting power of wave beam j and primary user's satellite t;
(2) secondary user i ' is D with the distance at primary user's satellite beams j center, and the ground radius surface of the wave beam of wave beam j is R, as D≤R, calculates time user's satellite and meets I aGG≤ I ttime, the maximum P of the transmitting power of secondary user's satellite st, wherein I aGGrepresent time user's satellite beams to the interference of primary user's satellite and; As D>R, secondary user's satellite adopts the wave beam j of primary user's satellite and time user communication, and the transmitting power of secondary user's satellite is total power;
(3) secondary user's satellite calculates the wave beam radius R of primary user's satellite in real time new, return step (2), another R=R new.
2. share method based on the satellite band of beam-hopping pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the secondary mode setting up cognitive link between user's satellite and primary user's satellite is: secondary user's satellite and primary user's satellite adopt communication between star to set up cognitive link.
3. share method based on the satellite band of beam-hopping pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the secondary mode setting up cognitive link between user's satellite and primary user's satellite is: secondary user's passing of satelline time user's ground satellite station gateway and primary user's ground satellite station gateway set up cognitive link.
4. share method based on the satellite band of beam-hopping pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, calculate time user's satellite in described step (2) and meet I aGG≤ I ttime, the transmitting power maximum P of secondary user's satellite stconcrete grammar be: P s t = I T Σ j ′ ∈ S s | G m a x ′ · ( J 1 ( u ( i ′ , j ′ ) ) 2 u ( i ′ , j ′ ) + 36 J 3 ( u ( i ′ , j ′ ) ) 2 u ( i ′ , j ′ ) 3 ) 2 G s , i ′ j ( 4 πd i ′ j ′ ) 2 | 2
Wherein i ' is time user, and j ' is the wave beam of time user's satellite, G ' maxfor secondary user's satellite maximum antenna gain, J n(.) is n rank first form beta function, u (i ', j ')=2.01723sin (θ (i ', j '))/sin (θ 3dB), θ 3dBfor 3dB angle; G s, i ' jrepresent that time user i ' antenna is to the gain of main beam j; d i ' j 'represent the distance of primary user i to main satellite.
5. share method based on the satellite band of beam-hopping pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), time user's satellite calculates the wave beam radius R of primary user's satellite in real time newmethod be:
The beamwidth θ of primary user's satellite beams 3dB 3dBbe expressed as follows:
θ 3dB＝tan -1(R 0/D)
Wherein R 0for the ground radius surface that 3dB wave beam is wide, D is the height of primary user's satellite to wave beam j center; As primary user's satellite adjustment θ 3dBvalue time, θ new=θ 3dB+ α, α are the wide adjusting range of primary user's satellite beams, and the ground radius surface after adjustment is R new;
R new＝Dtanθ new。
6. share method based on the satellite band of beam-hopping pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), the initial value of R is θ 3dBthe wave beam radius of corresponding wave beam j.
7. share method based on the satellite band of beam-hopping pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described frequency range belongs to C-band, L-band, S-band or K-band.
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