CN105370254A - Thick oil mining method and device - Google Patents
Thick oil mining method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105370254A CN105370254A CN201510794640.9A CN201510794640A CN105370254A CN 105370254 A CN105370254 A CN 105370254A CN 201510794640 A CN201510794640 A CN 201510794640A CN 105370254 A CN105370254 A CN 105370254A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thick oil mining method and a device. The method comprises the following steps: a dipole antenna is arranged in a straight well in a target area; the dipole antenna is electrified to heat thick oil in an oil reservoir through heating formation water in the oil reservoir around the straight well; and the discharged thick oil after heating is mined from a horizontal well matched with the straight well. The device comprises a distribution unit, an electrification unit and a control unit. The thick oil mining method and device can reduce the energy loss, the water use level and the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of petroleum extraction, particularly a kind of method of heavy crude producing and device.
Background technology
Viscous crude refers to the crude oil that ground surface density is greater than 0.943, underground viscosity is greater than 50 centipoises.Because its density is large, poor fluidity, so how heavy crude producing is a great problem of oil recovery industry.At present, usually adopt the thermal recovery modes such as steam soak, steam flooding, SAGD (SAGD) to carry out thickened oil recovery in prior art.
Above-mentioned thermal recovery mode is normally passed through at ground gas-firing or fire coal, then water is heated into water vapour, water vapour is transported in the dark oil reservoir of hundreds of rice by the pipe lines using thousands of rice long, the water vapour be injected in oil reservoir forms vapor chamber, this vapor chamber is upwards slowly grown from gas injection well, behind growth arrival top etc. vapor chamber, vapor chamber is slow in surrounding expansion again, as shown in Figure 1.Water vapour in vapor chamber and the viscous crude generation interchange of heat in oil reservoir, the viscous crude after heating and condensed water let out output in horizontal production well below by Action of Gravity Field.
Realizing in the application's process, inventor finds that in prior art, at least there are the following problems:
Thermal recovery mode of the prior art needs to inject water vapour in oil reservoir, and this may need to be heated into water vapour with a large amount of water.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of method and device of heavy crude producing, to reduce water supply volume.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method of heavy crude producing and device to be achieved in that
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method of heavy crude producing, comprising:
Dipole antenna is laid in straight well in the target area;
Described dipole antenna is energized, to heat the viscous crude in described oil reservoir by heating the formation water in oil reservoir around described straight well;
From the horizontal well suitable with described straight well extraction heat after let out under viscous crude, described viscous crude leaks in described horizontal well from described straight well under gravity.
In one embodiment, lay described dipole antenna in described straight well after, described method also comprises:
According to the first pre-set velocity, in described straight well, inject non-condensation gas.
In one embodiment, before being energized to described dipole antenna, described method also comprises:
According to the second pre-set velocity, in described horizontal well, inject water.
In one embodiment, described method also comprises:
Control the radiant power of dipole antenna in described straight well, with build-up pressure gradient between adjacent straight well.
In one embodiment, described straight well obtains in the following manner:
In predetermined position, the straight well of spud in predetermined quantity and predetermined depth;
Spudded in straight well is cemented the well;
Completion is carried out to the straight well after well cementation.
In one embodiment, described horizontal well obtains in the following manner:
Based on exploitation task, spud in and there is the horizontal well of preset length;
Completion is carried out to the horizontal well spudded in.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of device of heavy crude producing, comprising:
Lay unit, for laying dipole antenna in straight well in the target area;
Energising unit, for being energized to described dipole antenna, to heat the viscous crude in described oil reservoir by heating the formation water in oil reservoir around described straight well;
Oil-producing unit, for be arranged in below described straight well and the horizontal well extraction suitable with described straight well heat after let out under viscous crude.
In one embodiment, described device also comprises:
Air injection unit, for according to the first pre-set velocity, injects non-condensation gas in described straight well.
In one embodiment, described device also comprises:
Water injection unit, for according to the second pre-set velocity, injects water in described horizontal well.
In one embodiment, described device also comprises:
Control unit, for controlling the radiant power of dipole antenna in described straight well, with build-up pressure gradient between adjacent straight well.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application is by laying dipole antenna in straight well in the target area; Described dipole antenna is energized, to heat the viscous crude in described oil reservoir the formation water heating in oil reservoir around described straight well; From the horizontal well suitable with described straight well extraction heat after let out under viscous crude, and do not need additionally in straight well, to inject water vapour, thus can reduce water supply volume.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the growth course figure of vapor chamber in the process utilizing SAGD technology heavy crude producing.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of an embodiment in the method for a kind of heavy crude producing that the application provides.
Fig. 3 is laid with the straight well of dipole antenna and the generalized section of horizontal well.
Fig. 4 utilizes dipole antenna to carry out the effect schematic diagram of radio frequency heating to viscous crude.
Fig. 5 is the growth course figure of the vapor chamber utilizing dipole antenna formation water to be formed.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment in the device of a kind of heavy crude producing that the application provides.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method and device of heavy crude producing.
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
Be described in detail below in conjunction with the method for accompanying drawing to the heavy crude producing described in the application.Although this application provides the method operating procedure as described in following embodiment or flow chart, based on conventional or more or less operating procedure can be comprised in the process without the need to performing creative labour.Logicality does not exist in necessary causal step, the execution sequence of these steps is not limited to the execution sequence that the embodiment of the present application provides.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for a kind of heavy crude producing that the embodiment of the present application provides.The method comprises:
S110: build suitable straight well and horizontal well in target area.
Described target area can be whole survey area, also can be the subregion in whole survey area.
Describedly suitablely can refer to that the position between straight well and horizontal well is suitable; Also can refer to that the length of spacing between the size of straight well, quantity and/or straight well and horizontal well is suitable.Describedly suitablely can also comprise straight well and horizontal well is connected, namely fluid can flow between straight well and horizontal well.
Based on exploitation task, can build straight well and horizontal well in target area, described straight well and horizontal well form tubular column structure.Concrete,
Can according to designed layer position, the degree of depth and/or mouth coordinate etc., use drilling rig to spud in the target area the horizontal well of preset length (such as, 400 meters or 800 meters).After the drilling well work completing horizontal well, temperature measuring equipment and/or pressure tester can be laid in horizontal well so that monitoring, optimize oil recovery process.Also can also enter screen casing under the horizontal segment of horizontal well and carry out completion.Under enter screen casing after, enter oil pipe under in screen casing, for follow-up oil recovery; Thermometric and/or pressure measurement pipeline can also be laid, for temperature and the/pressure of monitoring production fluid in screen casing.
Described screen casing can be cutting seam sieve tube or punching screen casing, and it can to prevent in stratum the solid particles such as sand body to enter into horizontal well.Described oil pipe can comprise long oil pipe and/or short oil pipe.Described long oil pipe can be positioned near the horizontal segment terminal of horizontal well; Described short oil pipe can be positioned near the horizontal segment starting point of horizontal well, and it can be connected with oil well pump (such as sucker rod pump).
After the drilling well work completing horizontal well, can utilize drilling rig and guiding device, the predetermined position above horizontal well is spudded in flatly or many mouthpiece have the straight well of predetermined depth, and such as, the well of the distance from bottom horizontal well of described straight well is about 0.5 meter.Described guiding device may be used for controlling the distance between the bottom of described straight well and described horizontal well, so that the later stage completes the UNICOM between straight well and horizontal well fast and avoid the drill bit in drilling rig to drill described horizontal well.The spacing of every two mouthfuls of straight wells on direction, horizontal well place (i.e. horizontal direction) in described many mouthfuls of straight wells can be identical, such as, be 70 meters; Also can not be identical.Distance between the bottom of every mouthful of straight well and the top of horizontal well can be identical, such as, be 1 meter; Also can be different.
After the drilling well work completing straight well, temperature measuring equipment and/or pressure tester can be laid in straight well, so that the operating environment of monitoring radio frequency heating apparatus, thus the generation of security incident can be prevented.Described pressure tester can be connected with gas injection device by well head annular space.
After the drilling well work completing straight well, also can spud in straight well be cemented the well.Such as, can in the past in straight well under enter sleeve pipe; Inject cement (can be high temperature and/or high pressure cement) in the annular space that then can be formed at sleeve pipe and the borehole wall, sealing is carried out, with packing oil-gas-water layer to the annular space that sleeve pipe and the borehole wall are formed.
After straight well is cemented the well, completion can also be carried out to straight well, such as, perforation is carried out in the bottom of straight well, form the contact channels with stratum, so that follow-up to stratum injecting gas, thus improve the pressure of the vapor chamber formed, the heat-energy losses at reduction top.
It should be noted that, the straight well that spuds in, in straight well, lay the operation such as temperature measuring equipment and/or pressure tester, laying sleeve pipe and perforation and in horizontal well, lay temperature measuring equipment and/or pressure tester and lay screen casing etc. operate between execution sequence do not limit.In addition, although the horizontal well that first spuds in above-described embodiment, then spud in straight well, and in practical operation, also can first-selection to spud in straight well, then spud in horizontal well.
To the relevant implementation of this step, with reference to boring method relevant in prior art, no longer can go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this and chat.
S120: lay dipole antenna in constructed straight well.
After the drilling well work completing straight well, dipole antenna can be laid in institute's drilling straight-hole.Described dipole antenna can be called symmetrical antenna or symmetrical dipole, and it can generate an electromagnetic field after powered up.The bottom of described dipole antenna has with a certain distance from the bottom of described straight well, such as about 1 meter or 4 meters.The length of described dipole antenna can be close with the thickness of oil reservoir.Fig. 3 shows and is laid with the straight well of dipole antenna and the generalized section of horizontal well.
It should be noted that, this step and above-mentioned lay in straight well temperature measuring equipment and/or pressure tester, laying sleeve pipe and perforation etc. operate between execution sequence do not limit.
S130: be energized to described dipole antenna, to carry out radio frequency heating by heating the formation water in oil reservoir around described straight well to the viscous crude in oil reservoir.
Laid dipole antenna in straight well after, power cable can be utilized to be energized to described dipole antenna.Described dipole antenna after powered up, can have the electromagnetic field of predeterminated frequency (such as, 10KHz ~ 100MHz) to surrounding radiation.The electromagnetic field of high frequency of institute's radiation can make the formation water in oil reservoir heat, and then is vaporized into steam, and by conduction of heat by the heavy oil heating around it.After the heating, its viscosity declines viscous crude, then leaks under gravity with the horizontal well of described straight well UNICOM.As shown in Figure 4, concrete principle is as follows:
Because the formation water in oil reservoir is polar molecule, in alternating electric field, hydrone needs the direction slewing according to electric field, and this continuous rotation of hydrone causes interior can increasing, and then causes temperature to raise not cutting steam.And in heavy crude reservoir, than water, the ability that absorbed electromagnetic energy is converted to heat energy by steam, rock, viscous crude and other gas supervened is more weak, thus after the energising of electrode couple antenna, the heating direct extremely vaporization at first of water near dipole antenna, during this period by heat transfer circumference material, such as viscous crude; Viscous crude is let out down after reducing under gravity in intensification, viscosity, and formation water loses the ability of intussusception emittance after becoming water vapour, thus serve the effect automatically controlling heating.And the vapor chamber formed along with water vapour (i.e. water vapour surround space) to surrounding expansion, as shown in Figure 5, the operating radius of electromagnetic field increases gradually, thus can heat more remote viscous crude by conduction of heat.In addition, by heat conduction to ambient substance after, water vapour is liquefied as condensed water.Condensed water and the viscous crude under letting out can form liquid pool on horizontal well, and this liquid pool can play the effect preventing gas from flowing out.
S140: leak into the viscous crude in horizontal well from described horizontal well after extraction heating.
After viscous crude leaks into horizontal well by screen casing, the viscous crude under can being let out by oil pipe extraction.
The detailed process of extraction viscous crude from horizontal well, such as, with reference to method of the prior art, SAGD, no longer can go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this and chats.
Can be found out by above-mentioned steps, the electromagnetic field that the embodiment of the present application is produced by employing dipole antenna heats the formation water in oil reservoir, and the viscous crude by conduction of heat heat sent in oil reservoir, thus realize directly in well, carrying out radio frequency heating to viscous crude, instead of heated by the viscous crude of mode to oil reservoir additionally injecting water vapour, this achieve the object reducing water supply volume.Further, due in the embodiment of the present application main utilize be formation water to form vapor chamber, and do not need to utilize pipe lines to carry water vapour, this also can reduce heat-energy losses, thus reduces the energy loss of whole development process; Output liquid measure can also be reduced, save cost of water treatment.And, be that the electromagnetic field formation water directly utilizing dipole antenna to produce in well heats in the embodiment of the present application, and do not need to adopt gas-firing or fire coal water to be heated into water vapour, thus can reduce environment pollution.In addition, utilize the method that the embodiment of the present application provides, continuous oil recovery can be realized.
In at least one embodiment, lay described dipole antenna in straight well after, the method can also comprise:
S150: according to the first pre-set velocity, injects non-condensation gas in straight well.
Lay described dipole antenna in straight well after, can according to the first pre-set velocity, in each straight well, non-condensation gas is injected by set gas injection device, such as nitrogen, natural gas or carbon dioxide etc., to improve the operating pressure in straight well, stressor layer is (such as above Ground can to make operating pressure (such as, 4.5MPa), 4MPa), this is of value to follow-up formed vapor chamber Quick Extended.Further, the non-condensation gas injected incites somebody to action upwards diffusion aggregation, to stop the contact of water vapour and cap rock, thus can reduce the heat waste of steam to top.
After dipole antenna radiation field, can continue to inject non-condensation gas in each straight well.The non-condensation gas of continuous injection can form an inert gas environment, the contact of isolation high-temperature-hot-water and dipole antenna, thus antenna can be protected to be unlikely to overheated and to damage.
S160: according to the second pre-set velocity, injects water in horizontal well.
Lay described dipole antenna in straight well after, can also in horizontal well according to the second pre-set velocity (such as, 1L/min) inject water, with the pressure of improving the standard in well, controlling this pressure lower than fracture pressure presses higher than hole, make to form the area of a water saturation between horizontal well and straight well with the form slowly squeezed, this moisture area can radiation-absorbing energy, accelerate the temperature-rise period of adjacent domain with the form of convection current.
When the pressure in horizontal well declines fast, then can judge to have at least part straight well and horizontal well to be connected; And when the pressure in each straight well all rises, then can judge that all straight wells and horizontal well are connected, now can stop injecting water in horizontal well.
After the water injected in horizontal well enters into straight well, it is follow-up after electrode couple antenna is energized, first the water entered in straight well heated, borehole pressure rises, water in well heats the heat that produces can conduct oil reservoir around to straight well by conduction of heat, and the temperature of viscous crude can be promoted to rise for this and viscosity declines.
In at least one embodiment, the method can also comprise:
S170: the radiant power controlling dipole antenna in each straight well, with build-up pressure gradient between adjacent straight well.
By controlling the radiant power of dipole antenna in each straight well, the radiant power of dipole antenna in adjacent straight well can be made to have different, thus the ascending temperature of the formation water outside straight well can be made different, and then the air pressure of vapor chamber that the water vapour that formation water can be made to vaporize is formed is different, namely defines barometric gradient between adjacent vapor chamber.
Under the effect of barometric gradient, viscous crude between adjacent vapor chamber flows to the vapor chamber that air pressure is lower, after the viscous crude that is heated enters low-pressure steam chamber, leaks in the horizontal well of below under gravity, and then be plucked out of, this is conducive to the viscous crude that extraction is arranged exhibits in this heterogeneous reservoir of interlayer.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of device of heavy crude producing, as shown in Figure 6.This device can comprise lays unit 410, energising unit 420 and oil-producing unit 430.Wherein, laying unit 410 may be used for straight well interior laying dipole antenna in the target area; Energising unit 420 may be used for powering to described dipole antenna and controlling its operating mode, to heat the viscous crude in described oil reservoir by heating the formation water in oil reservoir around described straight well; Oil-producing unit 430 may be used for extraction from the horizontal well suitable with described straight well and leaks into the viscous crude in horizontal well after heating under gravity.
In at least one embodiment, this device can also comprise drilling unit (not shown), and it may be used for spud in the target area suitable straight well and horizontal well.
In at least one embodiment, this device can also comprise air injection unit (not shown), and it may be used for according to the first pre-set velocity, in described straight well, inject non-condensation gas.
In at least one embodiment, this device can also comprise water injection unit (not shown), may be used for, according to the second pre-set velocity, in described horizontal well, injecting water.
In at least one embodiment, this device can also comprise control unit (not shown), may be used for the radiant power controlling dipole antenna in described straight well, with build-up pressure gradient between adjacent straight well.
To the specific descriptions of unit in this device, with reference to the associated description in said method embodiment, no longer can go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this and chat.
Any digital value that the application quotes all comprises all values with the lower value of an incremented and upper value between lower limit to higher limit, there is the interval of at least Liang Ge unit between any lower value and any much higher value.For example, if set forth the quantity of parts or the value of process variable (such as temperature, pressure, time etc.) is from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, then object also lists such as 15 to 85,22 to 68,43 to 51,30 to 32 equivalences clearly to illustrate in this manual.For the value being less than 1, suitably think that a unit is 0.0001,0.001,0.01,0.1.These are only the examples wanting clearly to express, and can think that likely the combining of numerical value of enumerating between minimum and peak is all set forth clearly at this manual in a similar manner.
Except as otherwise noted, all scopes all comprise all numerals between end points and end points." approximately ", " left and right " or " being similar to " that use together with scope is suitable for two end points of this scope.Thus, " about 20 to 30 " are intended to cover " about 20 to about 30 ", at least comprise the end points indicated.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can also recognize that various illustrative components, blocks, unit and step that the embodiment of the present invention is listed can be realized by hardware, software or both combinations.So to being realized the designing requirement depending on specific application and whole system by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art for often kind of specifically application, can use the function described in the realization of various method, but this realization can should not be understood to the scope exceeding embodiment of the present invention protection.
Each embodiment in this manual all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually see, what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments.Especially, for device embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see the part of embodiment of the method.
Although depict the application by embodiment; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention and oneself; the guarantor be not intended to limit the present invention is within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for heavy crude producing, is characterized in that, comprising:
Dipole antenna is laid in straight well in the target area;
Described dipole antenna is energized, to heat the viscous crude in described oil reservoir by heating the formation water in oil reservoir around described straight well;
From the horizontal well suitable with described straight well extraction heat after let out under viscous crude, described viscous crude leaks in described horizontal well from described straight well under gravity.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, lay described dipole antenna in described straight well after, described method also comprises:
According to the first pre-set velocity, in described straight well, inject non-condensation gas.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before being energized to described dipole antenna, described method also comprises:
According to the second pre-set velocity, in described horizontal well, inject water.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
Control the radiant power of dipole antenna in described straight well, with build-up pressure gradient between adjacent straight well.
5. the method according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described straight well obtains in the following manner:
In predetermined position, the straight well of spud in predetermined quantity and predetermined depth;
Spudded in straight well is cemented the well;
Completion is carried out to the straight well after well cementation.
6. the method according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described horizontal well obtains in the following manner:
Based on exploitation task, spud in and there is the horizontal well of preset length;
Completion is carried out to the horizontal well spudded in.
7. a device for heavy crude producing, is characterized in that, comprising:
Lay unit, for laying dipole antenna in straight well in the target area;
Energising unit, for being energized to described dipole antenna, to heat the viscous crude in described oil reservoir by heating the formation water in oil reservoir around described straight well;
Oil-producing unit, for extraction from the horizontal well suitable with described straight well heat after let out under viscous crude.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Air injection unit, for according to the first pre-set velocity, injects non-condensation gas in described straight well.
9. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Water injection unit, for according to the second pre-set velocity, injects water in described horizontal well.
10. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Control unit, for controlling the radiant power of dipole antenna in described straight well, with build-up pressure gradient between adjacent straight well.
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| CN201510794640.9A CN105370254B (en) | 2015-11-18 | 2015-11-18 | A kind of method and device of heavy crude producing |
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| CN201510794640.9A CN105370254B (en) | 2015-11-18 | 2015-11-18 | A kind of method and device of heavy crude producing |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115354990A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-18 | 成都理工大学 | Intelligent exploitation device and method for heavy oil reservoir by directional radio frequency heating |
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| CN105370254B (en) | 2018-08-14 |
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