CN105353471A - Photoswitch matrix and route control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoswitch matrix and a route control method thereof, belongs to the field of photoelectrons and optical communication elements, and solves problems that a conventional waveguide photoswitch matrix cannot achieve a multicast function, has an asymmetric structure, cannot achieve bidirectional clog-free transmission, and is complex in structure. The M*N photoswitch matrix is formed by the connection of M*N Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and each Mach-Zehnder interferometer comprises a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a front segment metal film, and a rear segment metal film. The method calculates a transmission matrix S through a single MZI, determines the value of each matrix unit in the transmission matrix X according to a required transmission path, and determines the control state of one Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The photoswitch can achieve the single, multiple or bidirectional transmission of optical signals, reduces the complexity of the structure, has clog-free performances. The method provided by the invention can calculate the route control information of the single and multiple transmission through one transmission matrix.

Description

A kind of optical switch matrix and route control method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to photoelectron and optical communication device, be specifically related to a kind of optical switch matrix and route control method thereof.

Background technology

Along with the fast development of optical communication system and the proposition of close wavelength-division multiplex technology, optical switch matrix becomes optical communication field vital element, can as requested by the light path converting on a passage to another light path.Therefore, optical switch matrix has the conflict of solution circuit, damages the function such as passage reparation and route switching.Existing optical switch matrix kind has a lot, such as micro-electro-mechanical optical switches, thermo-optical switch, liquid crystal optical switch, holographic optical switch etc.Because waveguide optical switch has without moving-member, degree of stability is high, loss is low, integrated level advantages of higher, when building optical switch matrix, receiving and paying attention to greatly and research.

Existing waveguide optical switch matrix has two kinds: one, the Mach of 2 types is utilized to increase Dare interferometer (Mach-ZehnderInterferometer, MZI) optical switch matrix is built, but this kind of mode complex structure, and due to the asymmetry of structure, therefore unidirectional Multicast function can only be realized; It uses the photoswitch of two types, fails to provide a kind of algorithm that can calculate exchanged form.They are two years old, some utilize same kind Mach to increase the optical switch matrix of Dare interferometer (MZI) structure or other same kind element formation, and its structure can only complete a kind of phase-modulation, realizes straight-through or interleaving function, namely realize unicast fashion, can not multicast type be completed.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of optical switch matrix, its route control method is provided simultaneously, solve existing waveguide optical switch matrix and can not realize Multicast function, or use multiple dissimilar MZI to have the asymmetry of structure, two-way clog-free transmission can not be realized and baroque problem.

A kind of N × N optical switch matrix provided by the present invention, connected and composed by single mode waveguide by N × N number of Mach of increasing Dare interferometer, N >=2, is characterized in that:

Described Mach increases Dare interferometer and comprises first wave guide, the second waveguide, leading portion metallic film, back segment metallic film, described first wave guide and the second waveguide be arranged in parallel, then front end three-dB coupler, rear end three-dB coupler is formed successively from front, the part of described first wave guide between front end three-dB coupler and rear end three-dB coupler wraps up leading portion metallic film, back segment metallic film successively, forms Mach and increases Dare interferometer; The head end of first wave guide, the second waveguide increases a input end, the b input end of Dare interferometer respectively as Mach, the tail end of first wave guide, the second waveguide increases c output terminal, the d output terminal of Dare interferometer respectively as Mach;

Leading portion metallic film, back segment metallic film packages length in first wave guide are equal, and thickness is identical, and therefore when applying identical voltage, the change of the light phase that leading portion metallic film, back segment metallic film region cause is the same;

N × N number of Mach of N × N optical switch matrix increasing the capable N of Dare interferometer formation N and arrange, connected mode is:

(1) when N is odd number,

During j≤(N-1)/2,

Time j> (N-1)/2,

(2) when N is even number,

During j<N/2,

During j=N/2,

During j>N/2,

In above-mentioned each expression formula, "=" number expression is connected to each other, a _ij, b _ij, c _ij, d _ijrepresent that the Mach of the i-th row jth row in optical switch matrix increases a input end, b input end, c output terminal, the d output terminal of Dare interferometer respectively, line order i=1,2 ..., N, row sequence number j=1,2 ..., N.

The route control method of described N × N optical switch matrix, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:

Step one, provide the matrix expression that single Mach increases Dare interferometer MZI: $M_{ij}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{ij}}\\ B_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{ij}}\end{array}\right],$ Output interface matrix $\left(\begin{array}{c}{c}_{ij}\\ d_{ij}\end{array}\right)=M_{ij}\left(\begin{array}{c}{a}_{ij}\\ b_{ij}\end{array}\right),$ I is the line order number of optical switch matrix, i=1,2 ... N; , j is the row sequence number of optical switch matrix, j=1,2 ... N;

A _ij, B _ijvalue is 1 or 0, represent respectively A _ij, B _ijnegate;

A _ij, b _ij, c _ij, d _ijrepresent a input end, b input end, c output terminal, the d output terminal of the Mach increasing Dare interferometer of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, jth row respectively;

Step 2, calculating transmission matrix S, S=E _nf _{(N-1) (N-1)}e _n-1e _j+1f _jje _je ₁,

Wherein E _jfor jth level node matrix equation, interconnection matrix F _jjfor the connection matrix between jth level node matrix equation and jth+1 grade of node matrix equation; M is the line order number of matrix unit in node matrix equation at different levels, interconnection matrix and transmission matrix S, m=1,2 ..., 2N, n are the row sequence number of matrix unit, n=1,2 ..., 2N;

E ₁for the capable N column matrix of 2N, E ₁the element of m=2i-1 capable, n=i row be A _i1, m=2i is capable, the element of n=i row is B _i1, represent the MZI of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, the 1st row; In matrix, space element is 0;

E _jfor the capable 2N column matrix of 2N, E _jthe element of m=2i-1 capable, n=2i-1 row be A _ij, m=2i-1 is capable, the element of n=2i row is m=2i is capable, the element of n=2i-1 row is B _ij, m=2i is capable, n=2i column element is represent the MZI of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, jth row, j ≠ 1, N; In matrix, space element is 0;

E _nfor the capable 2N column matrix of N.E _nthe element of m=i capable, n=2i-1 row be A _ij, m=i is capable, the element of n=2i row is represent the MZI of optical switch matrix i-th row, N row; In matrix, space element is 0;

For interconnection matrix F _jj:

(1) when N is odd number,

During j≤(N-1)/2,

As m≤N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-1 row is 1; As m>N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-2N row is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

Time j> (N-1)/2,

When m is odd number, m is capable, and the element of n-th=(m+1)/2 row is 1; When m is even number, m is capable, and n-th=N+m/2 column element is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

(2) when N is even number,

During j<N/2,

As m≤N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-1 row is 1; As m>N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-2N row is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

During j=N/2, $E_{xp}=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}1& & & \\ & & 1& \\ & 1& & \\ & & & 1\end{array}\right],$

During j>N/2,

When m is odd number, m is capable, and the element of n-th=(m+1)/2 row is 1; When m is even number, m is capable, and n-th=N+m/2 column element is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

Node matrix equation at different levels and interconnection matrix are substituted in transmission matrix S:

S is N × N rank matrixes, s _mnbeing the matrix unit of m capable, n row in transmission matrix S, is also about A _ij, B _ijexpression formula;

Step 3, by transmission matrix S substitute into following formula:

(c _1Nc _2N…c _iN…c _NN)T＝S×(a ₁₁a ₂₁…a _i1…a _N1)T，

A _i1for a input end of optical switch matrix i-th row, the 1st row MZI; c _iNfor the c output terminal of optical switch matrix i-th row, N row MZI, i=1,2 ... N,

Try to achieve c _iN=s _m1× a ₁₁+ s _m2× a ₂₁+ ... s _mn× a _i1+ s _mN× a _n1,

The value of m is identical with the value of the footmark i of c output terminal, and the value of n is identical with the value of the footmark i of a input end;

Transmission path as requested, i.e. which a _i1the signal of input end is from which c _iNoutput terminal exports, coefficient of correspondence s _mnbe 1, otherwise be 0, determine each matrix unit s of transmission matrix S _mnvalue; Each A can be obtained _ij, B _ijvalue, thus to determine $M_{ij}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{ij}}\\ B_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{ij}}\end{array}\right];$

M _ijnamely the single Mach of optical switch matrix increases the state of a control of Dare interferometer.

First the present invention optimizes the structure of existing MZI, and MZI is connected by single mode waveguide thus, form N × N optical switch matrix, this N × N optical switch matrix not only can realize light signal is transformed into another road clean culture from a road, also the multicasting mode being transformed into other several roads transmission from a road can be realized, due to the symmetry of optical switch matrix, the exchange of constrained input port can also be realized, namely output port also can realize exporting the clean culture of input port and multicast, realize transmitted in both directions, structure is lacked one-level matrix, decrease the complicacy of structure, and there is nonblocking performance.Simultaneously, give the route control method of this N × N optical switch matrix, provide the matrix expression of single MZI, calculate transmission matrix S, transmission path as requested, determine the value of each matrix unit in transmission matrix S, thus determine that single Mach increases the state of a control of Dare interferometer, only can calculate the route test information of clean culture and multicast with a transmission matrix.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is MZI structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (A) leads directly to functional schematic for MZI of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (B) MZI interleaving function of the present invention schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 (C) MZI of the present invention sets out on a journey Multicast function schematic diagram;

Road Multicast function schematic diagram under Fig. 2 (D) MZI of the present invention;

4 × 4 optical switch matrix structural representations that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The transmission path schematic diagram of the 1:3 multicast that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.

One 4 × 4 optical switch matrix that the embodiment of the present invention provides, is increased Dare interferometer by 4 × 4 Mach and is connected and composed by single mode waveguide;

As shown in Figure 1, described Mach increases Dare interferometer and comprises first wave guide W1, the second waveguide W2, leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2, described first wave guide W1 and the second waveguide W2 be arranged in parallel, then front end three-dB coupler C1, rear end three-dB coupler C2 is formed successively from front, the part of described first wave guide W1 between front end three-dB coupler C1 and rear end three-dB coupler C2 wraps up leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2 successively, forms Mach and increases Dare interferometer; The head end of first wave guide W1, the second waveguide W2 increases a input end, the b input end of Dare interferometer respectively as Mach, the tail end of first wave guide W1, the second waveguide W2 increases c output terminal, the d output terminal of Dare interferometer respectively as Mach;

Leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2 packages length on first wave guide W1 are equal, and thickness is identical, and therefore when applying identical voltage, the change of the light phase that leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2 region cause is the same;

The matrix of MZI can be expressed as:

$M_{ij}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{ij}}\\ B_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{ij}}\end{array}\right]=\left|E_{c2}{E}_s{E}_{c1}\right|,$

$E_{c2}=\sqrt{1/2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& j\\ j& 1\end{array}\right],$

$E_{c1}=\sqrt{1/2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& j\\ j& 1\end{array}\right],$

Wherein, E _c2, E _c1be respectively the transmission matrix of rear end three-dB coupler C2 and front end three-dB coupler C1, E _sfor the transmission matrix of first wave guide W1, the second waveguide W2 two sections of waveguides, | * | represent and numeral in bracket is normalized;

for light wave is by the phase place change after waveguide, for the phase place of light wave after metallic film making alive changes,

with for the phase place change that leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2 cause, Δ n ₁with Δ n ₂for leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2 variations in refractive index under voltage, L is metallic film packages length on first wave guide W1, when leading portion metallic film T1, back segment metallic film T2 are added with voltage, and σ ₁and σ ₂value is 1, during non-making alive, σ ₁and σ ₂value is 0,

When making alive, select suitable voltage, make: then according to σ ₁and σ ₂value, there are 3 kinds of transmission situations: straight-through, intersect and multicast; Wherein, in multicast mode, when input port exists two input light, MZI can broadcast two light waves, therefore causes the disappearance of crosstalk and broadcast capability, therefore define, when under multicasting mode, only allow a port signal input, therefore, multicasting mode will be divided into set out on a journey signal input set out on a journey multicast and lower road signal input the multicast of lower road, and with two kinds of σ ₁and σ ₂value corresponding.By σ ₁and σ ₂bring equation into $M_{ij}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{ij}}\\ B_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{ij}}\end{array}\right]=$ | E _c2e _se _c1| can obtain:

$A_{ij}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_1},$ B _ij＝σ ₂。

σ ₁and σ ₂value and function corresponding relation in table 1:

Table 1. σ ₁and σ ₂value and MZI function corresponding relation

Fig. 2 (A) leads directly to functional schematic for MZI;

Fig. 2 (B) is MZI interleaving function schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 (C) to set out on a journey Multicast function schematic diagram for MZI;

Fig. 2 (D) is Multicast function schematic diagram in road under MZI.

As shown in Figure 3,4 × 4 Mach increase 4 × 4 optical switch matrixes that Dare interferometer forms 4 row 4 row, and connected by single mode waveguide between each Mach increasing Dare interferometer, connected mode is:

During j<2,

That is:

C ₁₁output terminal connects a ₁₂input end, d ₁₁output terminal connects a ₃₂input end;

C ₂₁output terminal connects b ₁₂input end, d ₂₁output terminal connects b ₃₂input end;

C ₃₁output terminal connects a ₂₂input end, d ₃₁output terminal connects a ₄₂input end;

C ₄₁output terminal connects b ₂₂input end, d ₄₁output terminal connects b ₄₂input end;

Wherein, a _i1input end is used for the input port as 4 × 4 matrixes, b _i1input end leaves unused;

During j=2,

That is:

C ₁₂output terminal connects a ₁₃input end, d ₁₂output terminal connects a ₂₃input end;

C ₂₂output terminal connects b ₁₃input end, d ₂₂output terminal connects b ₂₃input end;

C ₃₂output terminal connects a ₃₃input end, d ₃₂output terminal connects a ₄₃input end;

C ₄₂output terminal connects b ₃₃input end, d ₄₂output terminal connects b ₄₃input end;

During j>2,

That is:

C ₁₃output terminal connects a ₁₄input end, d ₁₃output terminal connects a ₂₄input end;

C ₂₃output terminal connects a ₃₄input end, d ₂₃output terminal connects a ₄₄input end;

C ₃₃output terminal connects b ₁₄input end, d ₃₃output terminal connects b ₂₄input end;

C ₄₃output terminal connects b ₃₄input end, d ₄₃output terminal connects b ₄₄input end;

Wherein, c _i4output terminal is used for the output port as 4 × 4 matrixes, d _i4output terminal leaves unused;

In above-mentioned each expression formula, "=" number expression is connected to each other, a _ij, b _ij, c _ij, d _ijrepresent that the Mach of the i-th row jth row in optical switch matrix increases a input end, b input end, c output terminal, the d output terminal of Dare interferometer respectively.

Because the d output terminal of last row MZI is on the shelf, therefore when light signal exports to this road, this light signal cannot pass to output port, is equivalent to the waste of light signal, therefore definition, the light signal being transferred to the d output terminal exporting MZI is 0.

In order to further illustrate effect and the function of this optical switch matrix, be described below in conjunction with the route control method of embodiment to described 4 × 4 optical switch matrixes:

The route control method of 4 × 4 optical switch matrixes comprises the steps:

Step one, provide the matrix expression that single Mach increases Dare interferometer MZI: $M_{ij}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{ij}}\\ B_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{ij}}\end{array}\right],$ Output interface matrix $\left(\begin{array}{c}{c}_{ij}\\ d_{ij}\end{array}\right)=M_{ij}\left(\begin{array}{c}{a}_{ij}\\ b_{ij}\end{array}\right),$ I is the line order number of optical switch matrix, i=1,2,3,4; J is the row sequence number of optical switch matrix, j=1,2,3,4;

A _ij, B _ijvalue is 1 or 0, represent respectively A _ij, B _ijnegate;

A _ij, b _ij, c _ij, d _ijrepresent a input end, b input end, c output terminal, the d output terminal of the Mach increasing Dare interferometer of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, jth row respectively;

Step 2, calculating transmission matrix S, S=E ₄f ₃₃e ₃f ₂₂e ₂f ₁₁e ₁,

Wherein E _jfor jth level node matrix equation, interconnection matrix F _jjfor the connection matrix between jth level node matrix equation and jth+1 grade of node matrix equation; M is the line order number of matrix unit in node matrix equation at different levels, interconnection matrix and transmission matrix S, m=1,2 ... 8, n is the row sequence number of matrix unit, n=1,2 ... 8;

1st grade of node matrix equation E ₀comprise M ₁₁, M ₂₁, M ₃₁, M ₄₁.Because each MZI contains a input end and c, d output terminal, so the 1st grade of matrix E ₁containing 4 input ports and 8 output ports, it is 8 × 4 matrixes.

2nd grade of node matrix equation E ₂comprise M ₁₂, M ₂₂, M ₃₂, M ₄₂.Each MZI contains a, b input end, c, d output terminal, so the 2nd grade of matrix E ₂containing 8 input ports and 8 output ports, it is 8 × 8 matrixes.

3rd level node matrix equation E ₃comprise M ₁₃, M ₂₃, M ₃₃, M ₄₃.Each MZI contains a, b input end, c, d output terminal, so 3rd level matrix E ₃containing 8 input ports and 8 output ports, it is 8 × 8 matrixes.

4th grade of node matrix equation E ₄comprise M ₁₄, M ₂₄, M ₃₄, M ₄₄.Each MZI contains a, b input end, c output terminal, so the 4th grade of matrix E ₄containing 8 input ports and 4 output ports, it is 4 × 8 matrixes.

1st grade of interconnection matrix F ₁₁be the connection matrix of the 1st grade and the 2nd grade node matrix equation, it is 8 × 8 matrixes.

2nd grade of interconnection matrix F ₂₂be the connection matrix of the 2nd grade and 3rd level node matrix equation, it is 8 × 8 matrixes.

3rd level interconnection matrix F ₃₃for the connection matrix of 3rd level and the 4th grade of node matrix equation, it is 8 × 8 matrixes.

For node matrix equation E _j:

E ₁be 8 row 4 column matrix, E ₁the element of m=2i-1 capable, n=i row be A _i1, m=2i is capable, the element of n=i row is B _i1, represent the MZI of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, the 1st row; In matrix, space element is 0;

That is: $E_1=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{A}_{11}& & & \\ B_{11}& & & \\ & A_{21}& & \\ & B_{21}& & \\ & & A_{31}& \\ & & B_{31}& \\ & & & A_{41}\\ & & & B_{41}\end{array}\right],$

E _jbe 8 row 8 column matrix, E _jthe element of m=2i-1 capable, n=2i-1 row be A _ij, m=2i-1 is capable, the element of n=2i row is m=2i is capable, the element of n=2i-1 row is B _ij, m=2i is capable, n=2i column element is represent the MZI of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, jth row, j ≠ 1,4; In matrix, space element is 0;

That is: $E_3=\left[\begin{array}{cccccccc}{A}_{13}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{13}}& & & & & & \\ B_{13}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{13}}& & & & & & \\ & & A_{23}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{23}}& & & & \\ & & B_{23}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{23}}& & & & \\ & & & & A_{33}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{33}}& & \\ & & & & B_{33}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{33}}& & \\ & & & & & & A_{43}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{43}}\\ & & & & & & B_{43}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{43}}\end{array}\right],$

$E_2=\left[\begin{array}{cccccccc}{A}_{12}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{12}}& & & & & & \\ B_{12}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{12}}& & & & & & \\ & & A_{22}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{22}}& & & & \\ & & B_{22}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{22}}& & & & \\ & & & & A_{32}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{32}}& & \\ & & & & B_{32}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{32}}& & \\ & & & & & & A_{42}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{42}}\\ & & & & & & B_{42}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{42}}\end{array}\right],$

E _nbe 4 row 8 column matrix.E _nthe element of m=i capable, n=2i-1 row be A _ij, m=i is capable, the element of n=2i row is represent the MZI of optical switch matrix i-th row, the 4th row; In matrix, space element is 0;

That is: $E_4=\left[\begin{array}{cccccccc}{A}_{14}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{14}}& & & & & & \\ & & A_{24}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{24}}& & & & \\ & & & & A_{34}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{34}}& & \\ & & & & & & A_{44}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{44}}\end{array}\right],$

For interconnection matrix F _jj,

During j<2,

When m≤4, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-1 row is 1; As m>4, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-8 row is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

That is: $E_{11}=\left[\begin{array}{cccccccc}1& & & & & & & \\ & & 1& & & & & \\ & & & & 1& & & \\ & & & & & & 1& \\ & 1& & & & & & \\ & & & 1& & & & \\ & & & & & 1& & \\ & & & & & & & 1\end{array}\right],$

During j=2, $E_{xp}=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}1& & & \\ & & 1& \\ & 1& & \\ & & & 1\end{array}\right],$

That is: $E_{22}=\left[\begin{array}{cccccccc}1& & & & & & & \\ & & 1& & & & & \\ & 1& & & & & & \\ & & & 1& & & & \\ & & & & 1& & & \\ & & & & & & 1& \\ & & & & & 1& & \\ & & & & & & & 1\end{array}\right],$

During j>2,

When m is odd number, m is capable, and the element of n-th=(m+1)/2 row is 1; When m is even number, m is capable, and n-th=4+m/2 column element is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

That is: $E_{33}=\left[\begin{array}{cccccccc}1& & & & & & & \\ & & & & 1& & & \\ & 1& & & & & & \\ & & & & & 1& & \\ & & 1& & & & & \\ & & & & & & 1& \\ & & & 1& & & & \\ & & & & & & & 1\end{array}\right],$

Bring individual node matrix equation and interconnection matrix into S=E ₄f ₃₃e ₃f ₂₂e ₂f ₁₁e ₁, try to achieve: $S=$

$=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{14}{A}_{13}{A}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{14}}{A}_{33}{A}_{32}{B}_{11}& A_{14}{A}_{13}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{12}}{A}_{21}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{14}}{A}_{33}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{32}}{B}_{21}\\ A_{24}{B}_{13}{A}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{24}}{B}_{33}{A}_{32}{B}_{11}& A_{24}{B}_{13}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{12}}{A}_{21}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{24}}{B}_{33}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{32}}{B}_{21}\\ A_{34}{A}_{23}{B}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{43}}{A}_{43}{B}_{32}{B}_{11}& A_{34}{A}_{23}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{12}}{A}_{21}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{43}}{A}_{43}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{32}}{B}_{21}\\ A_{44}{B}_{23}{B}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{44}}{H}_2{B}_{32}{B}_{11}& A_{44}{B}_{23}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{12}}{A}_{21}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{44}}{B}_{43}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{32}}{B}_{21}\end{array}\right.$

$\left.\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{14}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{13}}{A}_{22}{A}_{31}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{14}{A}_{33}}{A}_{42}{B}_{31}& A_{14}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{13}{A}_{22}}{A}_{41}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{14}{A}_{33}{A}_{42}}{A}_{41}\\ A_{24}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{13}}{A}_{22}{A}_{31}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{24}{B}_{33}}{A}_{42}{B}_{31}& A_{24}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{13}{A}_{22}}{A}_{41}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{24}{A}_{33}{A}_{42}}{A}_{41}\\ A_{34}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{23}}{B}_{22}{A}_{31}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{34}{A}_{43}}{B}_{42}{B}_{31}& A_{34}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{23}{A}_{22}}{A}_{41}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{34}{A}_{43}{A}_{42}}{A}_{41}\\ A_{44}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{23}}{B}_{22}{A}_{31}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{44}{B}_{43}}{B}_{42}{B}_{31}& A_{44}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{23}{B}_{22}}{A}_{41}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{44}{A}_{43}{B}_{42}}{A}_{41}\end{array}\right];$

Step 3, by transmission matrix S substitute into following formula:

(c ₁₄c ₂₄c ₃₄c ₄₄) ^T＝S×(a ₁₁a ₂₁a ₃₁a ₄₁) ^T，

Try to achieve c ₁₄=s ₁₁× a ₁₁+ s ₁₂× a ₂₁+ s ₁₃× a ₃₁+ s ₁₄× a ₄₁,

c ₂₄＝s ₂₁×a ₁₁+s ₂₂×a ₂₁+s ₂₃×a ₃₁+s ₂₄×a ₄₁，

c ₃₄＝s ₃₁×a ₁₁+s ₃₂×a ₂₁+s ₃₃×a ₃₁+s ₃₄×a ₄₁，

c ₄₄＝s ₄₁×a ₁₁+s ₄₂×a ₂₁+s ₄₃×a ₃₁+s ₄₄×a ₄₁，

Transmission path as requested, i.e. which a _i1the signal of input end is from which c _i4output terminal exports, coefficient of correspondence s _mnbe 1, otherwise be 0, determine each matrix unit s of transmission matrix S _mnvalue; Each A can be obtained _ij, B _ijvalue, thus to determine $M_{ij}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{A}_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{ij}}\\ B_{ij}& \stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{ij}}\end{array}\right];$

M _ijnamely the single Mach of optical switch matrix increases the state of a control of Dare interferometer.

When trying to achieve result, because of two parameter A _ij, B _ija corresponding MZI, by these two parameter A _ij, B _ijbe defined as pairing parameter.After trying to achieve result, there will be 3 kinds of situations: situation one is that two pairing parameters are all tried to achieve; Situation two is that two pairing parameters are all unknown; 1 is only tried to achieve in situation 3 two pairing parameter.Now according to our two previous settings, the MZI being 1. in multicast state only allows a light wave to be input to this MZI; 2. the 0th JiMZIXia road input port is given up, and does not now allow light wave from then on port output.Known, if the parameter cannot tried to achieve in situation three is identical with the value of trying to achieve parameter, then there will be and set contrary situation with the first two.So cannot try to achieve parameter from try to achieve parameter should be different.At this moment all matching parameter are determined all (matching parameter this MZI of representative that cannot try to achieve does not use, therefore value can arbitrarily), then the routing state information of each MZI is determined, and the transmission path of light wave also can be determined.

In order to better Description Matrix algorithm, select 1:3 multicasting mode, a ₁₁the light wave of input end is multicasted to c ₁₄, c ₂₄, c ₃₄output terminal, a ₁₂the light wave transmissions of input end is to c ₄₄output terminal.Now c _ijoutput terminal and a _ijthe pass of input end is:

C ₁₄=a ₁₁, c ₂₄=a ₁₁, c ₃₄=a ₁₁, c ₄₄=a ₁₂, therefore, s ₁₁=1, s ₂₁=1, s ₃₁=1, s ₄₂=1, all the other are 0, so:

s ₁₁＝1，s ₁₂＝0，s ₁₃＝0，s ₁₄＝0；

s ₂₁＝1，s ₂₂＝0，s ₂₃＝0，s ₂₄＝0；

s ₃₁＝1，s ₃₂＝0，s ₃₃＝0，s ₃₄＝0；

s ₄₁＝0，s ₄₂＝1，s ₄₃＝0，s ₄₄＝0；

Namely except $A_{14}{A}_{13}{A}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{14}}{A}_{33}{A}_{32}{B}_{11}=1;$

$A_{24}{B}_{13}{A}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{24}}{B}_{33}{A}_{32}{B}_{11}=1;$

$A_{34}{A}_{23}{B}_{12}{A}_{11}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{34}}{A}_{43}{B}_{32}{B}_{11}=1;$

$A_{44}{B}_{23}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{12}}{A}_{21}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A_{44}}{B}_{43}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{B_{32}}{B}_{21}=1;$ Outward, the matrix element of remaining transmission matrix is 0 entirely, can obtain A according to this formula _ijb _ijvalue.

Following table lists the value obtained according to above formula:

MZI two parameters are all unknown, the blank parts in form, represent that this MZI does not use, such as M ₃₁, M ₄₁, M ₂₂, M ₄₂, M ₃₃these 5 MZI; Two parameters of MZI are all known, insert the part of numerical value, represent the state of this MZI, as M in form ₁₃, M ₁₂these two MZI; Known one of two parameters of MZI, the unknown (in form containing "? "), if now insert the numerical value identical with known parameters, then must run counter to, so unknown parameter chooses the numerical value different with known parameters, as M with previous two settings ₄₁, M ₂₄, M ₃₄, M ₄₄, M ₂₃, M ₄₃, M ₃₂, M ₁₁, M ₂₁these 9 MZI, now, the value of unknown parameter is the numerical value in Table between brackets.So all unknown parameters are determined all, the value state of MZI is also known: M ₁₄, M ₂₄, M ₃₄, M ₂₃, M ₃₂, M ₁₁, these 6 MZI are operated in direct mode operation, M ₄₄, M ₄₃, M ₂₁, these 3 MZI are operated in cross-mode, M ₁₃, M ₁₂, these two MZI are operated in multicasting mode of setting out on a journey, and remaining MZI does not use.The transmission path of light wave is also determined, as shown in Figure 4.

Claims (2)

1. N × N optical switch matrix, connected and composed by single mode waveguide by N × N number of Mach of increasing Dare interferometer, N >=2, is characterized in that:

Described Mach increases Dare interferometer and comprises first wave guide (W1), second waveguide (W2), leading portion metallic film (T1), back segment metallic film (T2), described first wave guide (W1) and the second waveguide (W2) be arranged in parallel, then front end three-dB coupler (C1) is formed successively from front, rear end three-dB coupler (C2), described first wave guide (W1) part be positioned between front end three-dB coupler (C1) and rear end three-dB coupler (C2) wraps up leading portion metallic film (T1) successively, back segment metallic film (T2), form Mach and increase Dare interferometer, the head end of first wave guide (W1), the second waveguide (W2) increases a input end, the b input end of Dare interferometer respectively as Mach, the tail end of first wave guide (W1), the second waveguide (W2) increases c output terminal, the d output terminal of Dare interferometer respectively as Mach,

Leading portion metallic film (T1), back segment metallic film (T2) are equal in the upper packages length of first wave guide (W1), and thickness is identical;

N × N number of Mach of N × N optical switch matrix increasing the capable N of Dare interferometer formation N and arrange, connected mode is:

(1) when N is odd number,

During j≤(N-1)/2,

Time j> (N-1)/2,

(2) when N is even number,

During j<N/2,

During j=N/2,

During j>N/2,

In above-mentioned each expression formula, "=" number expression is connected to each other, a _ij, b _ij, c _ij, d _ijrepresent that the Mach of the i-th row jth row in optical switch matrix increases a input end, b input end, c output terminal, the d output terminal of Dare interferometer respectively, line order i=1,2 ..., N, row sequence number j=1,2 ..., N.

2. the route control method of N × N optical switch matrix described in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:

Step one, provide the matrix expression that single Mach increases Dare interferometer MZI: output interface matrix i is the line order number of optical switch matrix, i=1,2 ... N; , j is the row sequence number of optical switch matrix, j=1,2 ... N;

A _ij, B _ijvalue is 1 or 0, represent respectively A _ij, B _ijnegate;

A _ij, b _ij, c _ij, d _ijrepresent a input end, b input end, c output terminal, the d output terminal of the Mach increasing Dare interferometer of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, jth row respectively;

Step 2, calculating transmission matrix S, S=E _nf _{(N-1) (N-1)}e _n-1e _j+1f _ije _je ₁,

Wherein E _jfor jth level node matrix equation, interconnection matrix F _ijfor the connection matrix between jth level node matrix equation and jth+1 grade of node matrix equation; M is the line order number of matrix unit in node matrix equation at different levels, interconnection matrix and transmission matrix S, m=1,2 ..., 2N, n are the row sequence number of matrix unit, n=1,2 ..., 2N;

E ₁for the capable N column matrix of 2N, E ₁the element of m=2i-1 capable, n=i row be A _i1, m=2i is capable, the element of n=i row is B _i1, represent the MZI of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, the 1st row; In matrix, space element is 0;

E _jfor the capable 2N column matrix of 2N, E _jthe element of m=2i-1 capable, n=2i-1 row be A _ij, m=2i-1 is capable, the element of n=2i row is m=2i is capable, the element of n=2i-1 row is B _ij, m=2i is capable, n=2i column element is represent the MZI of the i-th row in optical switch matrix, jth row, j ≠ 1, N; In matrix, space element is 0;

E _nfor the capable 2N column matrix of N.E _nthe element of m=i capable, n=2i-1 row be A _ij, m=i is capable, the element of n=2i row is represent the MZI of optical switch matrix i-th row, N row; In matrix, space element is 0;

For interconnection matrix F _ij:

(1) when N is odd number,

During j≤(N-1)/2,

As m≤N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-1 row is 1; As m>N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-2N row is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

Time j> (N-1)/2,

When m is odd number, m is capable, and the element of n-th=(m+1)/2 row is 1; When m is even number, m is capable, and n-th=N+m/2 column element is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

(2) when N is even number,

During j<N/2,

As m≤N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-1 row is 1; As m>N, m is capable, the element of n-th=2m-2N row is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

During j=N/2,

During j>N/2,

When m is odd number, m is capable, and the element of n-th=(m+1)/2 row is 1; When m is even number, m is capable, and n-th=N+m/2 column element is 1; In matrix, space element is 0;

Node matrix equation at different levels and interconnection matrix are substituted in transmission matrix S:

S is N × N rank matrixes, s _mnbeing the matrix unit of m capable, n row in transmission matrix S, is also about A _ij, B _ijexpression formula;

Step 3, by transmission matrix S substitute into following formula:

(c _1Nc _2N…c _1N…c _NN) ^T＝S×(a ₁₁a ₂₁…a _i1…a _N1) ^T，

A _i1for a input end of optical switch matrix i-th row, the 1st row MZI; c _iNfor the c output terminal of optical switch matrix i-th row, N row MZI, i=1,2 ... N,

Try to achieve c _iN=s _m1× a ₁₁+ s _m2× a ₂₁+ ... s _mn× a _i1+ s _mN× a _n1,

The value of m is identical with the value of the footmark i of c output terminal, and the value of n is identical with the value of the footmark i of a input end;

Transmission path as requested, i.e. which a _i1the signal of input end is from which c _iNoutput terminal exports, coefficient of correspondence s _mnbe 1, otherwise be 0, determine each matrix unit s of transmission matrix S _mnvalue; Each A can be obtained _ij, B _ijvalue, thus to determine

M _ijnamely the single Mach of optical switch matrix increases the state of a control of Dare interferometer.