CN105353067B - 一种用于测定茶叶中农药残留量的方法 - Google Patents

一种用于测定茶叶中农药残留量的方法 Download PDF

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CN105353067B
CN105353067B CN201510824933.7A CN201510824933A CN105353067B CN 105353067 B CN105353067 B CN 105353067B CN 201510824933 A CN201510824933 A CN 201510824933A CN 105353067 B CN105353067 B CN 105353067B
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何裕松
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Abstract

一种用于测定茶叶中农药残留量的方法,包括如下步骤:(1)样品前处理:将茶叶粉碎后,用水溶解后,用乙腈‑丙酮溶液超声萃取,离心后得到萃取液;(2)搅拌棒固相萃取:将涂覆有聚合物‑石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒浸入至上述萃取液中进行固相萃取;(3)气相色谱‑质谱检测,其中,农药残留为三唑类农药残留;搅拌棒上的聚合物‑石墨烯涂层具体为纤维素‑石墨烯涂层。本申请可以实现高效、简便地对茶叶中农药残留量进行检测。

Description

一种用于测定茶叶中农药残留量的方法
技术领域
本发明属于分析检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种利用气相色谱-质谱对茶叶中三唑类农药残留量进行检查的方法。
背景技术
三唑类农药为有机杂环类化合物,兼有杀菌和调节植物生长的作用。有些三唑类化合物能强力抑制病原菌体内麦角甾醇的形成,表现出强的杀菌作用,并具有植物生长调节作用;有些三唑类化合物能阻止植物体内生长素和赤霉素的形成,表现出强的植物生长抑制作用,可以控制作物生长,达到防病抗倒伏效果,同时兼有杀菌作用。70年代中期,首个三唑类杀菌剂三唑酮的问世,开创了杀菌剂的新类目。由于其对作物的多种病原菌具有高效、内吸、广谱作用,而成为目前应用范围广、使用方法灵活、防治效果好、最具开发应用潜力的一类高效杀菌剂。但其不合理使用会对人类造成潜在的健康威胁并污染生态环境,其在食品中的残留问题受到越来越多的关注。
由于茶叶中三唑类农药残留量低,提取通常采用传统的液液萃取或spe小柱进行萃取,整个过程中需要用到多种溶剂,操作步骤繁琐,造成待测成分的大量损失,提取效率不高,影响了最终的检测精度和准确性。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种高效、简便的分析茶叶中三唑类农药残留量的方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案为:用于测定茶叶中农药残留量的方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)样品前处理:将茶叶粉碎后,用水溶解后,用乙腈-丙酮溶液超声萃取,离心后得到萃取液;
(2)搅拌棒固相萃取:将涂覆有聚合物-石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒浸入至上述萃取液中进行固相萃取;
(3)气相色谱-质谱检测,
其中,农药残留为三唑类农药残留;搅拌棒上的聚合物-石墨烯涂层具体为纤维素-石墨烯涂层。
进一步,所述三唑类农药残留为多效唑、抑芽唑、己唑醇、烯效唑、腈菌唑、氟硅唑、丙环唑、三唑酮、戊唑醇、糠菌唑、苯醚甲环唑、烯唑醇、硅氟唑和卞氯三唑醇。
进一步,所述步骤(1)具体为:取1-2g茶叶粉碎后,用80-100ml去离子水溶解,用5-10ml体积比为2:3的乙腈-丙酮溶液进行超声萃取,超声时间为10-15min,随后进行离心5-10min,离心转速控制在8000-10000r/mmin,得萃取液。
进一步,所述步骤(2)具体为:将涂覆有聚合物-石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒浸入至上述萃取液中,在封闭的环境下通过磁力搅拌方式搅拌10-15min,进行固相萃取。
进一步,所述步骤(3)具体为:本方法选用DB-5MS,30m×0.25mm×0.25μm,石英毛细管柱,色谱柱程序升温为:60℃,保持1min,以20℃/min升至150℃,保持2min,以5℃/min升至200℃,保持1min,以10℃/min升至280℃,保持3min,以25℃/min升至320℃,保持10min;载气为高纯氮气,流速1.5mL/min,电子轰击源EI,进样口温度300℃,色谱-质谱接口温度280℃,离子源温度250℃,电离能量:70eV,采用不分流进样,进样量:1μL,溶剂延迟:5min,选择离职模式SIM。
通过上述方法,本发明具备如下优点:
1、首次将具有纤维素-石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒引入到三唑类农药残留领域,由于纤维素-石墨烯优异的分散性能和净化萃取特性,大大简化传统固相萃取洗脱过程的同时,极大降低了样品损失,提高了萃取效率以及检测精度。进一步,基于三唑类农药的选择特性,通过大量试验发现,通过优化萃取参数,采用具有纤维素改性的石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒可以快速有效地将茶叶中三唑类农药充分萃取出来,实现了多种三唑类农药残留同时检测的技术效果。
2、利用体积比为2:3的乙腈-丙酮对茶叶中的三唑类农药进行初提,可有效将非农药残留物质分离出去,通过与传统的单一萃取剂丙酮、乙腈、乙酸乙酯进行对比,本申请采用的乙腈-丙酮混合液提取效率高,杂质成分的去除能力强,能够在保留茶叶中大部分三唑类农药残留的同时,尽可能降低有机磷、有机磷等干扰成分的含量。
3、气相色谱过程中,经过大量试验优化,针对本申请中特定的萃取条件下获得的待测溶液,通过采用本申请中的程序升温过程可以实现14种三唑类物质的有效分离和定性定量检测,通过内标法定量过程中,14中三唑类农药的检出限达到9μg/kg,相对标准偏为1.9-6.8%,线性范围为0.010-0.5mg/kg。
具体实施方式
为进一步阐释采用气相色谱质谱联用技术对茶叶中三唑类农药残留量进行检测,下面结合实例作更详尽的说明。
1、试验部分
(1)样品前处理:取2g茶叶粉碎后,用100ml去离子水溶解,用6ml体积比为2:3的乙腈-丙酮溶液进行超声萃取,超声时间为15min,随后进行离心8min,离心转速控制在10000r/mmin,得萃取液。
(2)搅拌棒固相萃取:将涂覆有纤维素-石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒浸入至上述萃取液中,在封闭的环境下通过磁力搅拌方式搅拌15min,进行固相萃取。
其中,纤维素-石墨烯涂层的制备方法为:通过酯化反应,利用纤维素对石墨烯进行表面改性后得到,制备得到的纤维素改性石墨烯材料通过原位聚合方式接枝至搅拌棒表面,并在搅拌棒上形成纳米级纤维素-石墨烯涂层,制备好的搅拌棒保存于乙腈溶剂中,备用。
(3)搅拌棒在氮气中挥干后,用1ml乙腈浸泡溶解搅拌棒上提取物质,随后进行,气相色谱-质谱检测。其中,气相色谱-质谱检测条件为:色谱柱DB-5MS,30m×0.25mm×0.25μm,石英毛细管柱,色谱柱程序升温为:60℃,保持1min,以20℃/min升至150℃,保持2min,以5℃/min升至200℃,保持1min,以10℃/min升至280℃,保持3min,以25℃/min升至320℃,保持10min;载气为高纯氮气,流速1.5mL/min,电子轰击源EI,进样口温度300℃,色谱-质谱接口温度280℃,离子源温度250℃,电离能量:70eV,采用不分流进样,进样量:1μL,溶剂延迟:5min,选择离职模式SIM。
2、检测结果
检测结果见表1:
编号 农药种类 保留时间/min 定性离子
1 多效唑 6.78 236
2 抑芽唑 6.98 206
3 己唑醇 7.80 214
4 烯效唑 8.93 236
5 腈菌唑 14.05 179
6 氟硅唑 15.99 233
7 丙环唑 17.68 259
8 三唑酮 18.04 208
9 戊唑醇 21.61 250
10 糠菌唑 23.99 173
11 苯醚甲环唑 26.23 323
12 烯唑醇 27.01 268
13 硅氟唑 27.89 276
14 卞氯三唑醇 31.41 292
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于测定茶叶中农药残留量的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括如下步骤:(1)样品前处理:将茶叶粉碎后,用水溶解后,用乙腈-丙酮溶液超声萃取,离心后得到萃取液;
(2)搅拌棒固相萃取:将涂覆有聚合物-石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒浸入至上述萃取液中进行固相萃取;
(3)气相色谱-质谱检测,
其中,农药残留为三唑类农药残留;搅拌棒上的聚合物-石墨烯涂层具体为纤维素-石墨烯涂层;
所述三唑类农药残留为多效唑、抑芽唑、己唑醇、烯效唑、腈菌唑、氟硅唑、丙环唑、三唑酮、戊唑醇、糠菌唑、苯醚甲环唑、烯唑醇、硅氟唑和卞氯三唑醇;
步骤(1)具体为:取1-2g茶叶粉碎后,用80-100ml去离子水溶解,用5-10ml体积比为2∶3的乙腈-丙酮溶液进行超声萃取,超声时间为10-15min,随后进行离心5-10min,离心转速控制在8000-10000r/min,得萃取液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)具体为:将涂覆有聚合物-石墨烯涂层的搅拌棒浸入至上述萃取液中,在封闭的环境下通过磁力搅拌方式搅拌10-15min,进行固相萃取。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述纤维素-石墨烯涂层的制备方法为:通过酯化反应,利用纤维素对石墨烯进行表面改性后得到,制备得到的纤维素改性石墨烯材料通过原位聚合方式接枝至搅拌棒表面,并在搅拌棒上形成纳米级纤维素-石墨烯涂层,制备好的搅拌棒保存于乙腈溶剂中,备用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)具体为:本方法选用DB-5MS,30m×0.25mm×0.25μm,石英毛细管柱,色谱柱程序升温为:60℃,保持1min,以20℃/min升至150℃,保持2min,以5℃/min升至200℃,保持1min,以10℃/min升至280℃,保持3min,以25℃/min升至320℃,保持10min;载气为高纯氮气,流速1.5mL/min,电子轰击源EI,进样口温度300℃,色谱-质谱接口温度280℃,离子源温度250℃,电离能量:70eV,采用不分流进样,进样量:1μL,溶剂延迟:5min,选择离子模式SIM。
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