CN105352762A - Vacuum sampling method for pollutants depositing on urban impervious ground surface - Google Patents
Vacuum sampling method for pollutants depositing on urban impervious ground surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN105352762A CN105352762A CN201510884762.7A CN201510884762A CN105352762A CN 105352762 A CN105352762 A CN 105352762A CN 201510884762 A CN201510884762 A CN 201510884762A CN 105352762 A CN105352762 A CN 105352762A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum sampling method for pollutants depositing on an urban impervious ground surface and belongs to the crossing field of a municipal engineering technology and an environment engineering technology. The method comprises the following steps: fixing a frame sampler on a selected urban impervious ground surface in a pressing manner, sealing gaps between the frame sampler and the urban impervious ground surface with plasticine, staring a direct-current vacuum pump, sucking all pollutants in a frame into wild-mouth bottles through a breather pipe, collecting the pollutants and labeling for standby application, wherein different wild-mouth bottles are mounted at different sampling points. With the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, pollutants accumulated on the urban impervious ground surface before rainfall can be accurately collected. The method is simple to operate and the feasibility of the method is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for sampling of waterproof earth's surface, a kind of city superficial deposit pollutant, belong to municipal works technology and environment project crossing domain.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid development of economy, people start increasing to urban agglomerations, and cause city size constantly to expand, urbanization degree is more and more higher.Due to factors such as the continuous expansion of city size and the unreasonable of city planning, cause China's major part city all to face water problems crisis, be mainly reflected in three aspects: city water resource shortage, urban water-body are polluted and urban waterlogging disaster.Urbanization result in greenery patches, vegetation etc. dankly surface area coverage greatly reduce, and the Permeable stratum areas such as the road in city, square, building roof continue to increase.Meanwhile, due to the impact of human factor, cause urban surface to have accumulated the pollutant of a large amount of complicated, be washed in rainfall and transfer in rainfall runoff, cause rainwater to be heavily polluted, waterproof earth's surface runoff pollution has become the important pollution source of natural water.The runoff pollution research of waterproof earth's surface more and more becomes the focus and emphasis of experts and scholars' research.
Domestic originated in the research of urban rainfall runoff water quality the beginning of the eighties in last century, the runoff pollution research of waterproof earth's surface, city truly starts from the research of Beijing city runoff pollution, Xia Qing is by the systematic analysis to Monitoring Data, rainfall-runoff-surface erosion-receiving water body water quality condition is conceptualized as a system, extrapolate Runoff contaminants total amount, and the runoff pollution situation of urban area of Beijing is evaluated, the research of city surface source pollution rule has been carried out in the city such as Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing in succession.Domestic scholars has carried out experimental study to the method for surface runoff pollutant monitoring, propose the new method by rainfall simulation instrument monitoring urban ground runoff pollution, and carried out experimental monitoring in Harbin and two places, Beijing, achieve comparatively satisfied result.Within 2003, provide basic data support to give urban area of Beijing rainwater utilization project, the Monitoring Chemical Examination analysis that the Rainwater Quality to Southeast Region of Beijing City's Different Diameter flow medium such as Hao Ruixia has carried out 2 years, work out Southeast Region of Beijing City's Different Diameter flow medium rain pollutant in water composition and content, and the chemical property of Rainwater Quality is evaluated.But because China's rainfall runoff water quality search time is short, lacks the long-term hydrology, water monitoring data, seriously hinder going deep into of Study of Non Point Source.
The pollutant of waterproof earth's surface, the city superficial deposit that runoff pollution mainly washes away from natural precipitation, as the accumulation total amount of pollutant before one of important research factor-city waterproof earth's surface rainfall, characterize the pollution level on waterproof earth's surface, the front city of rainfall, current shortage is to its comparatively detailed research, and reason is the current method of sampling not having waterproof earth's surface, the city of specification pollutant.The present invention solves the current method of sampling also not having waterproof earth's surface, the city of specification pollutant, proposes a kind of simple and feasible, vacuum method of sampling accurately, for follow-up formulation associated specifications is offered reference.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is mainly and solves the current method of sampling also not having waterproof earth's surface, the city of specification superficial deposit pollutant, proposes a kind of simple and feasible, the vacuum method of sampling accurately.
The vacuum sampling devices of waterproof earth's surface, city superficial deposit pollutant, is characterized in that, device comprises accumulator, direct-current vacuum pump, snorkel, wide-necked bottle and framework sampler; Framework sampler is furnished with plasticine, wide-necked bottle bottleneck plug jam-pack, plug does two snorkels, is respectively draft tube and escape pipe; Wherein draft tube one is placed in outside bottle, and one enters in bottle, and escape pipe one enters in bottle, the air intake opening of a connection minisize dc vacuum pump; Minisize dc vacuum pump and accumulator connect.
Further, (1) accumulator selection work voltage is 12V; (2); Direct-current vacuum pump, its vacuum tightness is 75kpa, operating voltage 12V, rated flow 10L/min; (3) framework sampler is square, and its internal surface area is 10cm*10cm.
Apply the method for described device, it is characterized in that, step is: the pressing of framework sampler is fixed on waterproof ground, selected city, space plasticine between the waterproof earth's surface of framework sampler and city is closed, start direct-current vacuum pump, with the snorkel be placed in outside bottle, the pollutant in framework is all sucked wide-necked bottle, collect, carry out label with for subsequent use; Different sampled point will install different wide-necked bottles.
Further, described framework sampler is by long 11cm, and 4 hard plastic material strips of wide 1cm, thick 5cm combine square, and its internal surface area is 10cm*10cm, and firm indeformable.
The connection of partial devices described above: load 1L pure water in advance in wide-necked bottle, bottleneck plug jam-pack, plug does two snorkels, wherein draft tube one is placed in outside bottle, one enters in bottle, 1cm at the bottom of bottle, escape pipe one enters 10cm in bottle, the air intake opening of a connection minisize dc vacuum pump.Meanwhile, minisize dc vacuum pump and accumulator and power switch connect.
Sampling procedure is: the pressing of framework sampler is fixed on (building roof on waterproof ground, selected city, traffic route, square), space plasticine between the waterproof earth's surface of framework sampler and city is closed---turns on the power switch, start minisize dc vacuum pump, with the snorkel be placed in outside bottle, the pollutant in framework is all sucked wide-necked bottle---collect, carry out label with for subsequent use---different sampled point will install different wide-necked bottles, preventing from causing secondary pollution---all sampled point samplings terminate, and make a record and send laboratory.
Beneficial effect:
1. adopt method of the present invention, the pollutant accumulated before city waterproof earth's surface rainfall can be collected accurately.
2. this patent makes simple and easy, simple to operate, ensure that the exploitativeness of this patent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention includes: accumulator, direct-current vacuum pump, snorkel, wide-necked bottle, framework sampler.Carry for convenience, battery tension is 12V, and volume is 15cm*15cm*15cm.Carry for convenience, select minisize dc vacuum pump, and be combined with battery pack, minisize dc vacuum pump vacuum tightness is 75kpa, operating voltage 12V, rated flow 10L/min.Snorkel is the plastic, transparent flexible pipe of diameter 10mm.Wide-necked bottle volume 2.5L, and with seal rubber plug.Framework sampler is by long 11cm, and 4 hard plastic material strips of wide 1cm, thick 5cm combine square, and its internal surface area is 10cm*10cm, and is furnished with plasticine, ensures framework sampler and waterproof ground good seal.
Device connects: load 1L pure water in advance in wide-necked bottle, bottleneck plug jam-pack, plug does two snorkels, wherein draft tube one is placed in outside bottle, and one enters in bottle, 1cm at the bottom of bottle, escape pipe one enters 10cm in bottle, the air intake opening of a connection minisize dc vacuum pump.Meanwhile, minisize dc vacuum pump and accumulator and power switch connect.
Sampling procedure is: the pressing of framework sampler is fixed on (building roof on waterproof ground, selected city, traffic route, square), space plasticine between the waterproof earth's surface of framework sampler and city is closed---turns on the power switch, start minisize dc vacuum pump, with the snorkel be placed in outside bottle, the pollutant in framework is all sucked wide-necked bottle---collect, carry out label with for subsequent use---different sampled point will install different wide-necked bottles, preventing from causing secondary pollution---all sampled point samplings terminate, and make a record and send laboratory.
Claims (3)
1. the vacuum sampling devices of waterproof earth's surface, city superficial deposit pollutant, is characterized in that, device comprises accumulator, direct-current vacuum pump, snorkel, wide-necked bottle and framework sampler; Framework sampler is furnished with plasticine, wide-necked bottle bottleneck plug jam-pack, plug does two snorkels, is respectively draft tube and escape pipe; Wherein draft tube one is placed in outside bottle, and one enters in bottle, and escape pipe one enters in bottle, the air intake opening of a connection minisize dc vacuum pump; Minisize dc vacuum pump and accumulator connect.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: (1) accumulator selection work voltage is 12V; (2); Direct-current vacuum pump, its vacuum tightness is 75kpa, operating voltage 12V, rated flow 10L/min; (3) framework sampler is square, and its internal surface area is 10cm*10cm.
3. apply the method for device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, step is: the pressing of framework sampler is fixed on waterproof ground, selected city, space plasticine between the waterproof earth's surface of framework sampler and city is closed, start direct-current vacuum pump, with the snorkel be placed in outside bottle, the pollutant in framework is all sucked wide-necked bottle, collect, carry out label with for subsequent use; Different sampled point will install different wide-necked bottles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510884762.7A CN105352762A (en) | 2015-12-06 | 2015-12-06 | Vacuum sampling method for pollutants depositing on urban impervious ground surface |
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| CN201510884762.7A CN105352762A (en) | 2015-12-06 | 2015-12-06 | Vacuum sampling method for pollutants depositing on urban impervious ground surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106680444A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-17 | 北京工业大学 | Method for directly obtaining SWMM (storm water management model) water quality model parameter B |
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| CN106680444A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-17 | 北京工业大学 | Method for directly obtaining SWMM (storm water management model) water quality model parameter B |
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Application publication date: 20160224 |
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