CN105350948B - Shale gas horizontal well fracturing method and shale gas horizontal well completion method - Google Patents
Shale gas horizontal well fracturing method and shale gas horizontal well completion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105350948B CN105350948B CN201410419145.5A CN201410419145A CN105350948B CN 105350948 B CN105350948 B CN 105350948B CN 201410419145 A CN201410419145 A CN 201410419145A CN 105350948 B CN105350948 B CN 105350948B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of shale gas horizontal well fracturing methods and shale gas horizontal well completion method.The fracturing process, including step 1: to Jing Nei lower layer payzone perforation and pressure break is carried out；Step 2: lower layer's payzone is set；Step 3: to payzone perforation in upper layer in well and pressure break is carried out；Step 4: upper layer payzone is set；Step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until completing fractured horizontal well construction.This fracturing process can effectively be transformed shale gas reservoir, form the network fracture with effective flow conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil/gas well fields, more particularly to a kind of shale gas horizontal well fracturing method.The present invention is also
Be related to include this shale gas horizontal well fracturing method shale gas horizontal well completion method.
Background technique
Shale gas is the unconventional gas resource having a high potential in recent years, and has become the heat of world's oil-gas exploration and development
Door field.Shale gas reservoir is rich in organic matter, is typical self-generation, self-reservoir type gas reservoir.Compared with other natural gas pools, shale gas
Natural gas in hiding based on free gas and adsorbed gas and preservation, saturation in situ are enriched in the micro/nano level of shale reservoir system
Hole-seam, mineral particle surface.Shale gas reservoir has without obvious gas-water interface, large area continuously at the spies such as hiding, low hole, hypotonic
Sign, generally without natural production capacity, it is necessary to industrial capacity could be formed by fracturing engineering, and initial production is higher, successively decreases
Fastly, but later period stable production period is long.
Feature based on shale gas reservoir, in order to ensure the economic validity of its exploitation, it is necessary to it is transformed, tool is formed
The network fracture of effective flow conductivity just can be effectively carried out extraction.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention proposes a kind of shale gas horizontal well fracturing methods.This fracturing process energy
It is enough that effectively shale gas reservoir is transformed, form the network fracture with effective flow conductivity.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of shale gas horizontal well fracturing method is proposed, including,
Step 1: to Jing Nei lower layer payzone perforation and pressure break is carried out；
Step 2: lower layer's payzone is set；
Step 3: to payzone perforation in upper layer in well and pressure break is carried out；
Step 4: upper layer payzone is set；
Step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until completing fractured horizontal well construction.
Shale gas reservoir can be effectively transformed according to the method for the present invention, form the net with effective flow conductivity
Network crack.Further, since to lower layer's payzone pressure break, and after setting, then pressure break is carried out to upper layer payzone, avoids lower layer's production
Influence of the layer output object to upper layer payzone pressing crack construction, facilitates constructing operation.
In one embodiment, it is set in step multiple, partially sets step and set using pitching, partially set step
It is set using bridge plug.When shale gas horizontal well is set, the time that bridge plug is set is longer, and bridge plug is possible to occur in underground
The problem of damaging and being hampered, the time that pitching is set is shorter and there is no the problems that is hampered, and this method is set using pitching and mentioned
It has arrived part bridge plug to set, can not only greatly reduce and set the time used in step, improved construction efficiency, but also can be with
It reduces underground and sets and bore the probability that plug is hampered.
In one embodiment, it is set in step in pitching, the preforation tunnel of input ball sealer blocking institute's pressure break；?
Bridge plug is set in step, and bridge plug separates adjacent payzone.Bridge plug, which is set, can separate adjacent payzone, so as to complete to press
The well section split is not influenced by the fracturing operation of subsequent payzone.In a preferred embodiment, it is set in step multiple, alternately
Formula is set using pitching and is set with bridge plug.The step that sets of odd number payzone is set using pitching, and the step that sets of even number payzone makes
It is set with bridge plug.In fracturing process, the well section for completing pressure break is not influenced by the fracturing operation of subsequent payzone, this is greatly convenient
Construction.In addition, may also reach up according to this method: bridge plug dosage section about half, construction time save 1/3 or more.
In one embodiment, it is set in step in pitching, the quantity of input ball sealer is the perforation of corresponding payzone
1 times to 3 times of eyelet number.Preferably, it is set in step in pitching, the quantity of input ball sealer is the perforation of corresponding payzone
1.5 times of eyelet number.In another embodiment, it is set in step in pitching, the diameter of input ball sealer is accordingly to produce
1 times to 3 times of the preforation tunnel diameter of layer.Preferably, it is set in step in pitching, input ball sealer is corresponding payzone
1.5 times of preforation tunnel diameter.It can guarantee penetrating for completely plugged corresponding payzone using the ball sealer of this size and number
Hole eyelet facilitates entire pressing crack construction process.
According to the second aspect of the invention, it is also proposed that a kind of shale gas horizontal well completion method comprising according to above
The shale gas horizontal well fracturing method.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) of the invention method to lower layer payzone pressure break, and
After setting, then pressure break is carried out to upper layer payzone, avoids influence of lower layer's payzone output object to upper layer payzone pressing crack construction, it is convenient
Constructing operation.(2) in the method for the invention, it partially sets step to set using pitching, partially sets step and use bridge plug
It sets.This, which can not only greatly reduce, sets the time used in step, improves construction efficiency, but also can reduce underground seat
The probability that envelope and brill plug are hampered.In addition, method and process of the invention it is simple, it is low in cost, convenient for operating, ensure in shale gas
The success of pressing crack construction, reduces construction risk in horizontal well.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and refering to the accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram set to Jing Nei lower layer payzone progress pressure break and pitching；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram after fractured horizontal well construction terminates.
In the accompanying drawings, identical component uses identical appended drawing reference.Attached drawing is not according to actual ratio.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is carried out usually after well cementation according to the method for the present invention.Fig. 1 is schematically showed according to the present invention in well
The process that lower layer's payzone carries out pressure break and pitching is set.
Firstly, into pit shaft 10 tripping in perforating gun (not shown) to predetermined payzone 11 (or first layer 11) to carry out perforation,
And preforation tunnel 16 is formed on casing 15.In general, first layer 11 is the payzone of the bottom.Ability when perforating gun and perforating application
Known to the technical staff in domain, which is not described herein again.After perforation terminates, it is filled with high-pressure fluid into well and carries out pressure break,
Payzone crack 12 is formed in first layer 11.The quantity in payzone crack 12 is usually multiple.Payzone exudate or product pass through payzone
Crack 12 and preforation tunnel 16 enter in pit shaft 10, and can produce on ground.
Next, putting into ball sealer 13 into pit shaft 10 to block preforation tunnel 16, prevent payzone exudate from flowing into
It is clear in order to show into pit shaft 10, it is not shown in Fig. 1 and all blocks all preforation tunnels.In order to guarantee ball sealer 13
All preforation tunnels 16 can be blocked, the diameter of used ball sealer 13 is 1 times of the opening diameter of preforation tunnel 16
To 3 times, preferably 1.5 times.In this way, ball sealer 13 will not enter in payzone crack 12, but at preforation tunnel 16, this
Also it facilitates and removes the brill of ball sealer 13 before extraction.In another embodiment, the quantity of input ball sealer 13 is to penetrate
1 times to 3 times of the quantity of hole eyelet 16, preferably 1.5 times.The quantity of ball sealer 13 be greater than preforation tunnel 16 quantity, be by
It is in pit shaft 10 in part ball sealer 13, rather than blocks preforation tunnel 16, do not have the effect of blocking preforation tunnel 16.
End and then the secondary tripping in perforating gun (not shown) into pit shaft 10 are set to the second layer 21 in first layer 11.The
Two layer of 21 top that is adjacent with first layer 11 and being in first layer 11, that is to say, that pressing crack construction process is from payzone depths court
It is carried out to earth's surface.After carrying out perforation, pressure break to the second layer 21, set using bridge plug.The perforation and pressure break of the second layer 21 are applied
Work is identical as the perforation of first layer 11 and pressing crack construction, and which is not described herein again.
After pressing crack construction, bridge plug 23 is put into pit shaft 10 by the second layer 21 and in the production of 21 or more the second layer
Layer separates.So that first layer 11 and the second layer 21 not will receive the construction infection of the layer in 21 or more the second layer.
After this, odd number payzone is set using pitching, and dual numbers payzone is set using bridge plug, that is to say, that it hands over
It is set for being set using pitching with bridge plug.After completing fractured horizontal well construction and terminating, situation such as Fig. 2 is set in pit shaft 10
It is shown.It is set since method of the invention is set using some pitchings instead of bridge plug, the usage amount of bridge plug can reduce a half left side
The right side, therefore also just solve the problems, such as that bridge plug is set and take a long time and entire pressing crack construction is caused to take a long time, improve construction
Efficiency.It is possible to be damaged and the probability that is hampered in underground in addition, also reducing bridge plug.Pitching, which is set, does not block pit shaft 10, makes
Obtaining still can carry out backwash to the environment in pit shaft 10, facilitate other operations in fracturing process.And bridge plug sets and can incite somebody to action
Adjacent payzone separates, so that the intact well section of environment is not influenced by subsequent fracturing operation in well, this also facilitates pressure break and applies
Work.
Although illustrating in the present embodiment, setting for first layer 11 has used pitching setting, and the second layer 21 sets use
Bridge plug is set, but actually setting for first layer 11 can also be used bridge plug setting, and the second layer 21 is set using pitching
It sets.Even, continuous multiple payzones can set using pitching, or continuous multiple payzones are set using bridge plug.These set
Mode is within the protection scope of the present invention.
Although by reference to preferred embodiment, invention has been described, the case where not departing from the scope of the present invention
Under, various improvement can be carried out to it and can replace component therein with equivalent.Especially, as long as there is no structures to rush
Prominent, items technical characteristic mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.The invention is not limited to texts
Disclosed in specific embodiment, but include all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of shale gas horizontal well fracturing method, including,
Step 1: to Jing Nei lower layer payzone perforation and pressure break is carried out；
Step 2: lower layer's payzone is set；
Step 3: to payzone perforation in upper layer in well and pressure break is carried out；
Step 4: the upper layer payzone is set；
Step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until completing fractured horizontal well construction；
Wherein, it being set in step multiple, alternative expression is set using pitching and is set with bridge plug, it is set in step in the pitching,
Input ball sealer blocks preforation tunnel.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step that sets of odd number payzone is set using pitching, even number
The step that sets of payzone is set using bridge plug.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein set in step in the bridge plug, bridge plug is by adjacent production
Layer separates.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein being set in step in the pitching, input ball sealer
Quantity be 1 times to 3 times of preforation tunnel number of corresponding payzone.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, being set in step in the pitching, input ball sealer
Quantity be 1.5 times of preforation tunnel number of corresponding payzone.
6. according to claim 1 to method described in any one of 5, which is characterized in that set in step, thrown in the pitching
The diameter of the ball sealer entered is 1 times to 3 times of the preforation tunnel diameter of corresponding payzone.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, being set in step in the pitching, input ball sealer
Diameter be 1.5 times of preforation tunnel diameter of corresponding payzone.
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| CN107725009B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2020-07-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Well completion method for horizontal well |
| CN108240209B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for secondary fracturing of coal-bed gas well |
| CN107605449B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-04-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Ball-throwing temporary plugging layered fracturing method for heterogeneous reservoir |
| CN108561082B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-12-31 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for modifying limestone aquifer by mutually-embedded jet grouting |
| CN111305803B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2022-08-30 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Shale gas horizontal well cutting type fracturing method |
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