CN105349442B - A kind of plum surprise saccharomycete and its application - Google Patents

A kind of plum surprise saccharomycete and its application Download PDF

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CN105349442B
CN105349442B CN201510513101.3A CN201510513101A CN105349442B CN 105349442 B CN105349442 B CN 105349442B CN 201510513101 A CN201510513101 A CN 201510513101A CN 105349442 B CN105349442 B CN 105349442B
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plum surprise
peach
saccharomycete
disease
qhl
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CN105349442A (en
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张殿朋
赵娟
卢彩鸽
刘霆
张涛涛
刘德文
刘伟成
董丹
吴慧玲
田兆丰
卢向阳
裘季燕
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Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of plum surprise saccharomycete for belonging to microorganism new resources and technical field of microbe application and its applications.The plum surprise yeast strain is QHL-23-1, and classification naming is Metschnikowia sp., and the number of registering on the books at the common speck center of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms is CGMCC No.10461.The plum surprise saccharomycete is obtained from fruit surface separation screening, is one plant of new plum surprise yeast strain, and the plum surprise yeast strain and its metabolin adopt rear brown rot and its pathogen to peach and have inhibiting effect.In selected plant pathogenic fungi, the plum surprise saccharomycete reaches 10mm or more to the antibacterial circle diameter of Monilinia fructicola, illustrates that the plum surprise saccharomycete has stable, efficient anti-microbial property, can be applied to prevent and treat above-mentioned germ or disease.

Description

A kind of plum surprise saccharomycete and its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to microorganism new resources and technical field of microbe application, in particular to a kind of plum surprise saccharomycete and its Using.
Background technique
China peach garden area is more than 9,000,000 mu, is effective the first big country of cultivated area of peach in the world;Producing peach per year is more than 400,000 Ton is the first big country of peach yield in the world.Beijing peach yield occupies domestic last eight, as soon as only Pinggu County, beijing ground, peach cultivated area Up to as many as 220,000 mu (1.47 ten thousand hectares);Peach industry has become the pillar of the economy industry in Pinggu county, some peaches and related processing Product has exported to European Union, Japan and other countries.Peach brown rot large area in Beijing increases since 2000, and aggravates year by year;Its In fall ill within 2005 heavier peach garden, peach fruit is aggrieved, largely falls off, and when picking has no the fruit of aobvious disease, after picking 2-3 days, 50% or more fruit rots because brown rot infects, and causes serious economic loss to orchard worker.Beijing's plant protection in 2012 Peach brown rot of standing investigation result shows that there are peach brown rot, and fortune of the peach after adopting in Beijing each suburban county peach producing region Defeated and storage period disease incidence is all 30% or more;This greatly reduces the edible value and market value of fruit, seriously affects The development of Beijing peach industry.
It is the important means for reducing fruit loss using bactericidal agent for preventing and treating postharvest disease, domestic application is after fruit is adopted at present The chemical agent of disease control is mainly SO2With thiabendazole (Thiabendazole).SO2Be widely used and can usually bring ring Border pollution, and in normal distance transport and long-term fruit storage, bactericidal effect can be lost at any time and rapidly;Thiophene benzene miaow Although azoles, which adopts rear fungal disease to fruit, preferable control efficiency, there is no an effect to pathogenetic bacteria, and its use it is rear residual The effect phase is longer, not degradable, will affect the export abroad of high-end fruit;Importantly, the widespread adoption of thiabendazole is held It is easier that some pathogens develop drug resistance.Biological bactericide has inherent advantage for chemical pesticide, avoids pesticide The problems such as residual, environmental pollution, drug resistance, and low toxicity, environmental protection, holding effect, nature ecological compatibility is preferable, is chemical pesticide One of most promising alternative means of reagent application.
Plum surprise Blastocystis saccharomycete is generally existing in the natural environment, is primarily present in sugar content fruit more abundant It surface and takes, is one of the superior microorganism population in plant microecosystem.The bacterium speed of growth is fast, and nutrition is simple, raw Long power is strong.As biocontrol microorganisms application aspect, it possesses oneself unique advantage: 1) to the of reduced contamination of environment, not generating poison Element;2) antibiotic is not generated, it is relatively safe to the mankind;3) for other fungies, sensitization spore is not generated;4) institute Need nutrition fairly simple;5) it is suitble to commercialization large-scale production.Therefore, it has a good application prospect.
The present invention has successfully been obtained that one plant of inhibition peach adopts rear brown rot germ and peach adopts the plum surprise saccharomycete of rear brown rot, through trying Verifying, the saccharomycete are 10mm or more to the antibacterial circle diameter of Monilinia fructicola, illustrate the plum surprise saccharomycete have stablize, Efficient anti-microbial property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel species plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.).
The purpose of the present invention, which is lain also in, provides a kind of cause of disease bacteria inhibitor, active constituent be above-mentioned plum surprise saccharomycete and/ Or its metabolin.
The purpose of the present invention, which is lain also in, provides a kind of disease suppression agent, active constituent be above-mentioned plum surprise saccharomycete and/or Its metabolin.
The plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.), bacterial strain number is QHL-23-1, in Chinese microorganism strain The number of registering on the books of preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center is CGMCC No.10461.
5.8S rDNA of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1, ITS1/ITS2 gene sequence Column, 26S rDNA gene order is respectively as shown in SEQ ID No.1 and No.2.
The 26S rDNA gene order phylogenetic analysis of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 As shown in Figure 1.
Plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1, it is isolated from fruit surface.
The morphological feature of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 are as follows: thallus vegetative cell It is spherical in shape, oval or subsphaeroidal, unilateral or polygon gemmation;At 20 DEG C, 48 are grown on YPD culture medium and PDA culture medium After hour, bacterium colony is butyrous, milky is opaque, flat or round, neat in edge, bacterium colony corrugationless, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 institute Show.
The physiological and biochemical property of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1: glucose can be carried out Fermentation is not available for gossypose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, galactolipin and trehalose fermentation;In terms of carbon assimilation: glucose, Galactolipin, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose, xylose, ribose, melezitose, ethyl alcohol, glucitol, the third three Alcohol, mannitol, ribitol, salicylic acid, Glucosamine, citric acid, lactic acid, hexadecane and soluble starch be the positive, bacterium powder, Methanol, inositol, melibiose, lactose, D-arabinose, L-arabinose, rhamnose, galactitol, antierythrite, grape alditol Acid is feminine gender.Plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 is in the culture medium of pH 4.0-5.5 Normal growth, growth potential is weak at being 4 DEG C in environment temperature, can not grow at 40 DEG C or more;Best suitable growth temperature is 16-20 DEG C, it can be grown on the culture medium without vitamin, growth does not form kind of starch substance.The plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 generates organic acid, these are all the key biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion indexs of biocontrol microorganisms.
The object of the invention is also to provide above-mentioned plum surprise saccharomycete and/or its metabolin to inhibit pathogen, preparation disease Opportunistic pathogen inhibitor inhibits disease, prepares the application in disease suppression agent.
In the application of above-mentioned plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1, the pathogen is after peach is adopted Brown rot germ;The disease is that peach adopts rear brown rot.
Wherein, the peach adopt rear brown rot germ be Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia laxa or Monilinia fructigena。
The metabolin of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 can be from plum surprise saccharomycete It is obtained in the fermentation liquid of (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1.
The metabolin of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 the preparation method comprises the following steps: by preservation Plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) from PDA solid slope be inoculated with 2 rings into the YPD fluid nutrient medium of 200ml, Under the conditions of 20 DEG C -25 DEG C, 150-200rpm, constant-temperature shaking culture -48h for 24 hours obtains plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia Sp.) the fermentation liquid of QHL-23-1;Cultured fermentation liquid is sub-packed in the centrifuge tube of 50ml, in 4 DEG C and 5000rpm condition Under, it is centrifuged 5-10min, supernatant, that is, plum surprise metabolism of yeasts object;
The main component of PDA solid medium: potato: 20%, glucose: 2%, agar: 2%, distilled water;
The main component of YPD fluid nutrient medium are as follows: yeast extract: 1%, glucose: 2%, tryptone: 2%, distillation Water.
The invention has the benefit that plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 obtained is one plant New plum surprise yeast strain, it adopts rear brown rot germ to peach and peach adopts rear brown rot and all has inhibiting effect.Selected In plant pathogenic fungi, 10mm or more is reached to the antibacterial circle diameter of Monilinia fructicola, it is steady to illustrate that the plum surprise saccharomycete has Fixed, efficient anti-microbial property.The plum surprise saccharomycete and its metabolin can inhibit Monilinia fructicola, preparation peach brown rot Bacteria preparation;Inhibit peach brown rot evil, is applied in preparation peach brown rot evil preparation.
Biomaterial preservation explanation
Classification naming: plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.);Strain number: QHL-23-1
Preservation mechanism: China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center
Preservation mechanism abbreviation: CGMCC
Address: Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3
Preservation date: on January 30th, 2015
Collection is registered on the books number: CGMCC No.10461.
Detailed description of the invention
The chadogram that Fig. 1 is constructed based on 26S rDNA gene order, phylogenetic analysis is the result shows that plum surprise saccharomycete QHL- The kind that 23-1 is represented is an individual branches, and plum surprise saccharomycete QHL-23-1 is a novel species.
Fig. 2 plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 grown 3 days on YPD culture medium after it is micro- Photo.
Fig. 3 plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 grown in PDA culture medium 3 days after it is micro- Photo.
Fig. 4 plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 is in PDA culture medium to Monilinia fructicola The inhibitory effect of (Monilinia fructicola).
Inhibition of Fig. 5 plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 on Peach fruits to peach brown rot spot Effect.
Plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 metabolin described in Fig. 6 on Peach fruits to peach brown rot The inhibitory effect of scab.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment below facilitates a better understanding of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experiment in following embodiments Method is unless otherwise specified conventional method.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Used pathogen, the public can also obtain from field acquisition from Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute in following embodiments , to repeat the application experiment:
Monilinia fructicola --- chain sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Monilinia fructicola (wint.) Rehm) (peach brown rot such as Wang Fei The generation of disease and prevention and treatment the 5th phase p58 of fruit trees flower plants .2012).
Embodiment 1, the separation of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 and bacterial strain are identified
1, sample acquires
From Qinghai Province, wild fruit is acquired.
2, the separation screening of bacterial strain and antagonism screening
The isolated strains from organic fruits are separated using conventional gradients dilution spread, with PDA (composite containing streptomycin sulphate) and 2 kinds of culture mediums of YPD Agr (composite containing streptomycin sulphate) are cultivated under the conditions of 25 DEG C respectively, and picking colony morphological differences is larger and can be pure The bacterial strain of culture, the purification storage on YPD Agr culture medium, and the first of Antagonistic Fungi is carried out by target pathogens of Monilinia fructicola Sieve and multiple secondary screening, finally obtain the strong yeast-like fungi bacterial strain of one plant of bacteriostatic activity, name it for QHL-23-1.
3, the identification of bacterial strain
The analysis of morphology, physio-biochemical characteristics and part conserved sequence is carried out to bacterial strain QHL-23-1.With reference to " The Yeasts,a Taxonomic Study》(Kurtzman,C.P.(1998a).Williopsis Zender.In The Yeasts,a Taxonomic Study,4th edn,pp.529-920.Edited by C.P.Kurtzman& J.W.Fell.Amsterdam:Elsevier. description method carries out physiological and biochemical test and molecular biology identification in).
The result shows that the morphological feature of QHL-23-1: thallus vegetative cell in oval or subsphaeroidal, mostly it is unilateral go out Bud reproduction is polygon gemmation less;On PDA and YPD Agr culture medium, grown 48 hours at 20 DEG C, bacterium colony is cream Shape, milky are opaque, flat or round, neat in edge, bacterium colony corrugationless, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.The physiology of QHL-23-1 Biochemical character: can carry out glucose fermentation, be not available for gossypose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, galactolipin and trehalose fermentation; In terms of carbon assimilation: glucose, galactolipin, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose, xylose, ribose, pine three Sugar, ethyl alcohol, glucitol, glycerine, mannitol, ribitol, salicylic acid, Glucosamine, citric acid, lactic acid, hexadecane and Soluble starch is the positive, bacterium powder, methanol, inositol, melibiose, lactose, D-arabinose, L-arabinose, rhamnose, gala Sugar alcohol, antierythrite, glucuronic acid are feminine gender.Plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 is in pH In the culture medium of 4.0-5.5 can normal growth, environment temperature be 4 DEG C at growth potential it is weak, can not be grown at 40 DEG C or more;Most Good suitable growth temperature is 16-20 DEG C, can be grown on the culture medium without vitamin, and growth does not form kind of starch substance.Bacterium 5.8S rDNA, ITS1/ITS2 gene order and the 26S rDNA D1/D2 gene order such as SEQ ID of strain QHL-23-1 Shown in No.1 and No.2.Gene is carried out by the type strain not of the same race with existing plum surprise Blastocystis to compare and chadogram Analysis, the results showed that the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence of QHL-23-1 and the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence of known plum surprise barms Column highest similitude is 90%.According to Yeast taxonomy standard, when the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence of newfound yeast strain The 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence alignment of column and known barms, highest similitude can be set to one lower than 97% newly Kind.Phylogenetic analysis result also indicates that QHL-23-1 is placed into an independent branch (see Fig. 1).Therefore, bacterial strain QHL-23-1 is one Novel species.
Embodiment 2, invention plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 imitate the inhibition of Monilinia fructicola Fruit measurement
For trying pathogen:
Monilinia fructicola --- chain sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Monilinia fructicola (wint.) Rehm);
Peach is selected to adopt rear brown rot germ to indicate fungi, using plate opposite culture method.
Concrete operations are as follows: plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 bacterial strain is 28 in PDA culture medium DEG C constant temperature incubation 48h.Plant pathogenic fungi 25 DEG C constant temperature incubation 3-4 days on PDA plate, from colony edge diameter 0.7cm Sterile stainless steel punch makes the agar block that carries disease germs;With aseptic inoculation needle picking pathogen bacterium piece, mycelia is inoculated in PDA down At plate center, while with aseptic inoculation ring scribing line plum surprise saccharomycete at away from disease fungus bacterium piece two sides about 3.00cm (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1, to connect the plate of pathogen only as control, each processing repeats three times, 25 DEG C of perseverances Temperature culture 5-7 days, measures the bacterium colony bandwidth at disease fungus edge and Mei Qi saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 Antibacterial bandwidth between center.
Plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 to Monilinia fructicola antibacterial circle diameter be 10mm with On, as shown in Figure 4.Illustrate that plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 has stable, efficient antibacterial Performance.
Embodiment 3 plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-23-1 is microbial to the peach brown rot for examination The inhibition of rot disease
After peach picking, through QHL-23-1 bacterium solution, (bacterial concentration is respectively 107cfu/ml、108cfu/ml、109cfu/ml) It immersion treatment 30-60 seconds, then under room temperature, air-dries, being finally placed in temperature is 1 DEG C, black under the conditions of relative humidity is 95% Dark storage.After storage 21 days, compared with the control group, when bacterial concentration is 107Cfu/ml, preventive effect 45%, works as bacterial concentration Reach 108When cfu/ml, preventive effect 65%, when bacterial concentration reaches 109When cfu/ml, preventive effect is up to 70%.
The metabolin of embodiment 4 plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp.) QHL-12-3 is to the peach brown rot for examination The inhibition of microbial rot disease
After peach picking, through QHL-12-3 metabolin immersion treatment 30-60 seconds, then under room temperature, air-dry, most postposition It is 1 DEG C in temperature, under the conditions of relative humidity is 95%, dark is stored.After storage 21 days, compared with the control group, preventive effect reaches 25%.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of plum surprise saccharomycete (Metschnikowia sp), bacterial strain QHL-23-1, in Chinese microorganism strain preservation pipe The number of registering on the books of reason committee common micro-organisms center is CGMCC No.10461.
2. a kind of cause of disease bacteria inhibitor, active constituent is plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1.
3. a kind of disease suppression agent, active constituent is plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1.
4. following any applications of plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1:
1) plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1 is inhibiting the application in pathogen;
2) plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1 is inhibiting the application in disease;
3) plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1 inhibits the application in cause of disease bacteria preparation in preparation;
4) plum surprise saccharomycete described in claim 1 inhibits the application in disease preparation in preparation.
5. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pathogen is that peach adopts rear brown rot germ, the disease Rear brown rot is adopted for peach;
Peach is inhibited to adopt the specific steps of rear brown rot germ are as follows: after peach picking, through QHL-23-1 bacterium solution immersion treatment 30-60 seconds, In air-drying under room temperature, being placed in temperature is 1-4 DEG C, under the conditions of relative humidity is 95%, dark storage.
6. application according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the peach adopts rear brown rot germ and isMonilinia fructicolaMonilinia laxaOrMonilinia fructigena
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CN107173393B (en) * 2017-04-17 2020-05-19 山西省农业科学院农产品贮藏保鲜研究所 Microbial inoculum for preventing and treating diseases before and after strawberry harvest and promoting growth, preparation method and application
CN108077319B (en) * 2018-01-16 2020-10-20 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 Biocontrol bacterium fermentation liquor for preventing and treating fruit tree rot and preparation method thereof

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