CN103642705B - The strange yeast of plum of one strain Antifungi and application thereof - Google Patents
The strange yeast of plum of one strain Antifungi and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the strange yeast of a kind of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2, preserving number is: CGMCC No.8178.DPP2 adopts rear brown rot germ to peach to the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima), rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by apple, rear mould germ adopted by apple and pears to adopt rear mould germ inhibited; Rear brown heart is adopted to peach, that rear gray mold adopted by apple, rear penicilliosis adopted by pears, rear penicilliosis adopted by apple is inhibited.To in selected plant pathogenic fungi, the most obvious to the restraining effect of Monilinia fructicola and apple ash arrhizus bacteria, antibacterial circle diameter is more than 20mm, has anti-microbial property that is stable, efficient, wide spectrum, can apply in the above-mentioned germ of control or disease.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the strange yeast of plum and the application thereof of a strain Antifungi, belong to technical field of microbe application.
Background technology
Fungal diseases of plants brings huge loss to agriculture production, and after Fruit, fungal disease is the important disease of a class, causes a large amount of underproduction of fruit, has had a strong impact on edibleness and the marketable value of fruit, and the income that result in orchard worker reduces.In developed country, the loss amount that postharvest diseases of fruit causes accounts for more than 15% of fruit total amount, and in developing country owing to lacking necessary Control Technology and equipment, the loss amount that postharvest diseases of fruit causes accounts for more than 30% of total amount.The generation of postharvest diseases of fruit is caused with processing to the especially high-end fruit and vegetable food production of modern agricultural production and has had a strong impact on.
The peach brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. pathogenic fungi is all worldwide the first disease of peach at present, is also the first problem affecting peach industry development.According to statistics, in developed country as the U.S., Israel, Italy, France etc., adopt the 10%-30% that loss amount that rear brown heart causes just accounts for peach ultimate production; In developing country because the Prevention Technique and its loss amount of relevant device lacking necessity reaches 30%-50%, even higher; Some area, the big area of peach brown rot seriously occurs, and almost causes the total crop failure of peach fruit.Therefore, the control of peach brown rot and control are seemed more urgent and important.China's peach garden area, more than 9,000,000 mu, is peach effective cultivated area first big country in the world; Producing peach per year more than 400,000 tons, is peach output first big country in the world.Beijing peach output occupies domestic last eight, only Pinggu County, beijing one ground, and peach cultivated area just reaches more than 220,000 mu (1.47 ten thousand hectares); Peach industry has become the pillar of the economy industry in Pinggu county, and some peaches and relevant converted products have exported to European Union, Japan and other countries.Since 2000, peach brown rot big area in Beijing increases, and increases the weight of year by year; The peach garden that wherein morbidity in 2005 is heavier, peach fruit is injured, and comes off in a large number, has no the fruit of aobvious disease during harvesting, and after harvesting 2-3 days, the fruit of more than 50% rots because brown heart infects, and this causes serious financial loss to orchard worker.Beijing plant protection unit peach brown rot investigation result display in 2012, each suburban county peach producing region, Beijing all has peach brown rot to occur, and the transport of peach after adopting and duration of storage sickness rate are all more than 30%.This greatly reduces edibleness and the marketable value of fruit, has had a strong impact on the development of Beijing peach industry.Therefore adopt effective prevention and control of rear brown heart and first-passage-time model to peach to develop and be especially closely connected with the income of orchard worker.
After apple-picking, gray mold affects apple storing and transport heavy wants one of disease, and the gray mold caused by ash arrhizus bacteria (Botrytis cinerea) every year all can cause Apples Market to be worth greatly reducing.Therefore effective prevention and control of gray mold and Economic development are also seemed outbalance and urgent.
In current production, the control of rear gray mold is adopted still based on chemoprevention to peach brown rot and apple, but " 3R " negative impact brought thus is very serious.A large amount of use havocs of chemical pesticide ecotope, causes pesticide residue a large amount of in fruit, affects people healthy.Biological control, utilizes antagonistic microbe controlling disease, has become the important component part of comprehensive control of disease, is one of the most promising alternative means of chemical pesticide reagent application.
The strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) ubiquity in physical environment, be mainly present in sugar degree compared with horn of plenty fruit surface and take, be one of superior microorganism population in plant microecosystem.This bacteria growing speed is fast, and nutrition is simple, and growing ability is strong.As biocontrol microorganisms application aspect, it has the advantage of oneself uniqueness: 1) of reduced contamination to environment of this yeast, does not produce toxin; 2) this yeast does not produce microbiotic, relatively safe to the mankind; 3) for fungi, this yeast does not produce sensitization spore; 4) this yeast growth desired nutritional is fairly simple; 5) this yeast is applicable to commercialization scale operation; 6) yeast cell structure is simple, and genome is less, operates on a molecular scale than being easier to.Therefore, it has good application prospect.
The strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) is very wide in occurring in nature distribution, and the domestic report also not having the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) preventing and treating peach brown rot and apple gray mold at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the strange yeast of a kind of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima), bacterial strain is DPP2, and preserving number is: CGMCC No.8178.
Object of the present invention is also to provide a kind of pathogenic bacteria inhibitor, and its activeconstituents is the strange yeast of above-mentioned U.S. pole plum and/or its metabolite.
Object of the present invention is also to provide a kind of pathogenic bacteria inhibitor, and its activeconstituents is the strange yeast of above-mentioned U.S. pole plum and/or its metabolite.
The strange yeast of U.S. of the present invention pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima), bacterial strain number is DPP2, and it is numbered CGMCC No.8178 in registering on the books of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center.
The strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 obtains for being separated from fruit surface.
The 5.8S rDNA gene of the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2, ITS1/ITS2 sequence, 26S rDNA sequence are as shown in SEQ ID No.1.
The morphological feature of the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2: thalline vegetative cell is spherical in shape, avette or subsphaeroidal, monolateral or polygon gemmation; YPD Agar substratum produces red pigments, and bacterium colony is White-opalescent, flat or circular, neat in edge, bacterium colony corrugationless (Fig. 1 .).
The physiological and biochemical property of the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2: can carry out glucose fermentation, can not carry out raffinose and lactose fermentation; Carbon assimilation aspect: sorbose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, PEARLITOL 25C are positive, semi-lactosi, lactose, pectinose, rhamnosyl, ribitol, erythritol are negative.The strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 is in containing 5%(mass content) all can normal growth in the substratum of sodium-chlor, in containing 10%(mass content) can not grow in the substratum of sodium-chlor, all can normal growth in the substratum of pH4.0-5.5, at envrionment temperature is 4 DEG C, growth potential is weak, can not grow more than 40 DEG C; Best suitable growth temperature is 25-30 DEG C.The strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 produces pulcherrimin acid and chitinase, and these are all the key biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion indexs of biocontrol microorganisms.
The present invention also aims to provide the strange yeast of above-mentioned U.S. pole plum and/or its metabolite at suppression pathogenic bacteria, preparation pathogenic bacteria inhibitor, suppress disease, the application prepared in disease suppression agent.
In the purposes of the strange yeast of above-mentioned U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2, described pathogenic bacteria is following at least one:
A, peach adopt rear brown rot germ;
Rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by B, apple;
Rear mould germ adopted by C, apple;
Rear mould germ adopted by D, pears;
Described disease is following at least one:
A, peach adopt rear brown heart;
Rear gray mold adopted by B, apple;
Rear penicilliosis adopted by C, apple;
Rear penicilliosis adopted by D, pears.
Wherein, described peach is adopted rear brown rot germ and can be Monilinia fructicola or Monilinia laxa or Monilinia fructigena; Rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by described apple is Botrytis cinerea; Rear mould germ adopted by described apple is Penicillium expansum; Rear mould germ adopted by described pears is Penicillium expansum.
The metabolite of the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 can obtain from the fermented liquid of the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2.
The metabolite of the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 specifically can be prepared as follows: cultivate the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 in liquid medium within, and the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 in removing liquid culture (fermented liquid) namely obtains the strange saccharomycetic metabolite of described U.S. pole plum.
The strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) in the present invention DPP2 adopts rear brown rot germ to peach, rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by apple, rear mould germ adopted by apple and pears to adopt rear mould germ inhibited; Rear brown heart is adopted to peach, that rear gray mold adopted by apple, rear penicilliosis adopted by pears, rear penicilliosis adopted by apple is inhibited.To in selected plant pathogenic fungi, the most obvious to the restraining effect of Monilinia fructicola and apple ash arrhizus bacteria, antibacterial circle diameter is more than 20mm, illustrates that the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 has anti-microbial property that is stable, efficient, wide spectrum.
Biomaterial preservation explanation
Classification And Nomenclature: the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima)
Strain number: DPP2
Preservation mechanism: China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center
Preservation mechanism is called for short: CGMCC
Address: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City
Preservation date: on September 12nd, 2013
Register on the books numbering in preservation center: CGMCC No.8178.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1. cellular form under the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 microscope.
Fig. 2 .a) the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 on PDA substratum to the inhibition of Monilinia fructicola (Monilinia fructicola); B) the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 on PDA substratum to the inhibition of apple ash arrhizus bacteria (Botrytis cinerea); C) the strange yeast of described U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 on PDA substratum, apple is adopted after mould germ and pears adopt after the inhibition of mould germ (Penicillium expansum).
Embodiment
Following embodiment is convenient to understand the present invention better, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is ordinary method.
Material used in following embodiment, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Pathogenic bacteria used in following embodiment, the public from field acquisition, also can obtain from Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute, to repeat the application's experiment:
Monilinia fructicola---chain sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Monilinia fructicola (wint.) Rehm) (Wang Fei etc. the occurrence and control of peach brown rot. fruit tree flowers .2012 the 5th phase p58).
Rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by apple--Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea Per.ex Fr);
Rear mould germ adopted by apple--Penicillium patulum enzyme bacterium (Penicillium expansum Link, 1809);
Rear mould germ adopted by pears--Penicillium patulum enzyme bacterium (Penicillium expansum Link, 1809).
The separation of embodiment 1, the strange yeast of the present invention U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 and identification of strains
1, sample collecting
From having the organic orchard of north of China, gather apple.
2, the separation screening of bacterial strain and antagonism screening
Isolated strains from organic fruits, conventional gradients dilution spread is adopted to be separated, with PDA (containing Vetstrep) and YPD Agar (containing Vetstrep) totally 2 kinds of substratum cultivate under 28 DEG C of conditions respectively, picking colony morphological differences is comparatively large and can the bacterium of pure culture, purification storage on YPD Agar substratum, and be that target pathogens carries out the primary dcreening operation of Antagonistic Fungi and repeatedly sieves again with Monilinia fructicola, finally obtain the yeast strain that a strain bacteriostatic activity is strong, name it to be DPP2.
3, the qualification of bacterial strain
Bacterial strain DPP2 is carried out to the analysis of morphology, physio-biochemical characteristics and part conserved sequence.With reference to " The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study " (Kurtzman, C.P. (1998a) .Williopsis Zender.In The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study, 4th edn, pp.529-920.Edited by C.P.Kurtzman & J.W.Fell.Amsterdam:Elsevier.) in described method carry out physiological and biochemical test and molecular biology identification.
Result shows, the morphological feature of DPP2: thalline vegetative cell is spherical in shape, avette or subsphaeroidal, monolateral or polygon gemmation; YPD Agar substratum produces red pigments, and bacterium colony is White-opalescent, flat or circular, neat in edge, bacterium colony corrugationless.The physiological and biochemical property of DPP2: can carry out glucose fermentation, can not carry out raffinose and lactose fermentation; Carbon assimilation aspect: sorbose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, PEARLITOL 25C are positive, semi-lactosi, lactose, pectinose, rhamnosyl, ribitol, erythritol are negative.DPP2 is in containing 5%(mass content) all can normal growth in the substratum of sodium-chlor, in containing 10%(mass content) can not grow in the substratum of sodium-chlor, all can normal growth in the substratum of pH4.0-5.5, at envrionment temperature is 4 DEG C, growth potential is weak, can not grow more than 40 DEG C; Best suitable growth temperature is 25-30 DEG C.The 5.8S rDNA gene of bacterial strain DPP2, ITS1/ITS2 sequence and 26S rDNAD1/D2 nucleotide sequence are as shown in SEQ ID No.1.
The mensuration of embodiment 2, the strange yeast of the present invention U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 antimicrobial spectrum
For examination pathogenic bacteria:
Monilinia fructicola---chain sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Monilinia fructicola (wint.) Rehm);
Rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by apple--Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea Per.ex Fr);
Rear mould germ adopted by apple--Penicillium patulum enzyme bacterium (Penicillium expansum Link, 1809);
Rear mould germ adopted by pears--Penicillium patulum enzyme bacterium (Penicillium expansum Link, 1809).
Selecting that peach adopts rear brown heart germ, rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by apple, rear mould germ adopted by apple etc. is instruction fungi, adopts dull and stereotyped opposite culture method.
Concrete operations are as follows: the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 bacterial strain 28 DEG C of constant temperature culture 48h on PDA substratum.Plant pathogenic fungi is 25 DEG C of constant temperature culture 3-4 days on PDA flat board, make from the aseptic stainless steel punch tool of colony edge diameter 0.7cm the agar block that carries disease germs; With aseptic inoculation pin picking pathogenic bacteria bacterium sheet, mycelia faces down and is inoculated in PDA plate center place, separating starch U.S. pole plum strange yeast (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 apart from the line of all about 3.00cm place, pathogenic fungi bacterium sheet both sides aseptic inoculation ring simultaneously, only to connect the flat board of pathogenic bacteria for contrast, each process repeats for three times, 25 DEG C of constant temperature culture 5-7 days, measure the antibacterial bandwidth between pathogenic fungi edge and the bacterium colony bandwidth center of the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2.
The strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 is in selected plant pathogenic fungi, and the most obvious to the restraining effect of Monilinia fructicola and apple ash arrhizus bacteria, antibacterial circle diameter is respectively more than 20mm (table 1 and Fig. 2).Illustrate that the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 has anti-microbial property that is stable, efficient, wide spectrum.
Embodiment 3
The strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 is to the suppression of the rotten scab that the 4 kind of plant pathogenic fungies for examination cause.
After peach is plucked, through DPP2 bacterium liquid, (bacterial concentration is respectively 10
7cfu/ml, 10
8cfu/ml, 10
9cfu/ml) immersion treatment 30-60 second, then under room temperature condition, air-dry, be then 1 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity is under 95% condition, dark storage.Preserve after 21 days, compared with control group, when bacterial concentration is 10
7cfu/ml, its preventive effect is 45%, when bacterial concentration reaches 10
8during cfu/ml, its preventive effect is 65%, when bacterial concentration reaches 10
9during cfu/ml, its preventive effect reaches 68%.
After apple-picking, through DPP2 bacterium liquid, (bacterial concentration is respectively 10
7cfu/ml, 10
8cfu/ml, 10
9cfu/ml) immersion treatment 30-60 second, then under room temperature condition, air-dry, be then 4 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity is under 95% condition, dark storage.Preserve after 60 days, compared with control group, when bacterial concentration is 10
7cfu/ml, it is respectively 45% and 40% to gray mold and penicilliosis preventive effect, when bacterial concentration is 10
8during cfu/ml, it is respectively 60% and 50%, when bacterial concentration reaches 10 to the preventive effect of gray mold and penicilliosis
9during cfu/ml, it is to the preventive effect 65% and 52% of gray mold and penicilliosis.
After pears are plucked, through DPP2 bacterium liquid, (bacterial concentration is respectively 10
7cfu/ml, 10
8cfu/ml, 10
9cfu/ml) immersion treatment 30-60 second, then under room temperature condition, air-dry, be then 4 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity is under 95% condition, dark storage.Preserve after 60 days, compared with control group, when bacterial concentration is 10
7cfu/ml, its preventive effect is 46%, when bacterial concentration reaches 10
8during cfu/ml, its preventive effect reaches 55%, when bacterial concentration reaches 10
9during cfu/ml, its preventive effect reaches 58%.
Under holding conditions, the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 all has good inhibition as shown in table 2 to the rotten scab that the 4 kind of plant pathogenic fungies for examination cause.
The strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) DPP2 described in table 1. on PDA substratum to the extracorporeal extracorporeal suppression of four kinds of pathogenic bacterias
Table 2.M.pulcherrima DPP2(application concentration is 10
8during cfu/ml) different postharvest diseases of fruit preventive effect under different condition
Claims (7)
1. the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum (Metschnikowia pulcherrima), bacterial strain is DPP2, and preserving number is: CGMCC No.8178.
2. a pathogenic bacteria inhibitor, its activeconstituents is the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum described in claim 1.
3. pathogenic bacteria inhibitor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pathogenic bacteria inhibitor is inhibited to following at least one pathogenic bacteria:
A, peach adopt rear brown rot germ;
Rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by B, apple;
Rear mould germ adopted by C, apple;
Rear mould germ adopted by D, pears.
4. a disease suppression agent, its activeconstituents is the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum described in claim 1.
5. disease suppression agent according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described disease is following at least one:
A, peach adopt rear brown heart;
Rear gray mold adopted by B, apple;
Rear penicilliosis adopted by C, apple;
Rear penicilliosis adopted by D, pears.
6. strange yeast of plum following arbitrary application in U.S. pole described in claim 1:
1) the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum described in claim 1 is suppressing the application in pathogenic bacteria;
2) application of the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum described in claim 1 in preparation pathogenic bacteria inhibitor;
3) the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum described in claim 1 is suppressing the application in disease;
4) described in claim 1, the application in disease suppression agent prepared by the strange yeast of U.S. pole plum.
7. application according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described pathogenic bacteria is following at least one:
A, peach adopt rear brown rot germ;
Rear ash arrhizus bacteria adopted by B, apple;
Rear mould germ adopted by C, apple;
Rear mould germ adopted by D, pears;
Described disease is following at least one:
A, peach adopt rear brown heart;
Rear gray mold adopted by B, apple;
Rear penicilliosis adopted by C, apple;
Rear penicilliosis adopted by D, pears.
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RU2702195C1 (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-10-04 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Горский государственный аграрный университет" | Yeasts strain metschnikowia pulcherrima - producer of microbial protein and alcohol |
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US6991930B1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2006-01-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Biological control of postharvest decay of fruit using strains of Metschnikowia species |
WO2009040862A1 (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-02 | Universita Degli Studi Di Torino | Novel strain of metschnikowia pulcherrima and uses thereof |
CN101946805A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-19 | 薛梦林 | Biological prevention and control bacterial agent |
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US6991930B1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2006-01-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Biological control of postharvest decay of fruit using strains of Metschnikowia species |
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