CN105348556A - Suspension used for flotation separation of waste plastic, preparing method thereof and applications of the suspension - Google Patents
Suspension used for flotation separation of waste plastic, preparing method thereof and applications of the suspension Download PDFInfo
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
A suspension used for flotation separation of waste plastic is disclosed. The suspension comprises following components by weight: 5-35 parts of dense-medium particles, 0.1-10 parts of a surfactant, 42-94 parts of water and 0-10 parts of an auxiliary agent. The density of the suspension is 1.01-1.31 g/mL. The pH value of the suspension is 4-14, preferably 6-12. The suspension is free of sedimentation after the suspension is allowed to stand for 10 min to 5 h. When the suspension is used for flotation separation of the waste plastic, the waste plastic with density smaller than the density of the suspension is in the upper layer of the suspension in a flotation process, and the waste plastic with density larger than the density of the suspension is in the lower layer of the suspension. A method of using the suspension for flotation separation of the waste plastic can replace an intra-industry manner in China that adopts a sodium chloride saline solution for flotation separation of the waste plastic. At least 85% of the dense-medium particles can be recycled and reutilized after flotation separation of the waste plastic is finished, and residue dense-medium particles of a small amount can act as a filler in subsequent modification of the plastic, thus improving mechanical performance of plastic products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical technology field, particularly a kind of suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
Dense medium particle belongs to a kind of powder body material being widely used in the industrial circles such as papermaking, plastic filler, coating, ink and makeup.Such as patent of invention CN101501147B discloses a kind of suspension adopting acrylic or methacrylic acid or their mixture and the polymkeric substance of maleic anhydride monomer to be formed in mineral water, and this suspension mainly can be used in paper production and as paint for papers and be coated with paper aborning; Patent of invention CN103803625A discloses a kind of nano barium sulfate colloidal sol and preparation method thereof, and it can be used as the purposes of polyester improver.Dense medium particle is widely used in the industrial circles such as papermaking, plastic filler, coating, ink and makeup, but is rarely used in the flotation separation of waste or used plastics.
At present, first domestic cleaning flotation waste or used plastics often adopts sodium chloride brine to improve solution density, but through clear water rinsing, on the one hand, on plastic sheet still residual a small amount of salt medium and enter successive modified in, and salt medium remains the performance after to subsequent technique improvement, environmental protection improvement, energy saving and cost lowering and modifying plastics and has negative impact; On the other hand, the salt medium in poaching wastewater does not carry out reuse and process and directly discharges, and chloride content can be caused to exceed standard; Even if process salt medium in waste water in industry, often first to concentrate waste water, then carry out one-level heat up gasification, secondary vaporization is concentrated, three grades vaporization is concentrated, level Four vaporization is concentrated, finally again solid is reclaimed, complex process, like this because the cost that wastewater treatment brings also can add much larger.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome in above-mentioned industry the problem adopting sodium chloride brine cleaning flotation waste or used plastics to bring, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation of good stability.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that above-mentioned suspension is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of above-mentioned suspension.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical solution:
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised:
Dense medium particle 5 parts-35 parts;
0.1 part-10 parts, tensio-active agent;
42 parts-94 parts, water;
Auxiliary agent 0-10 part.
Wherein, the density of described suspension is 1.01g/mL-1.31g/mL, and pH value is 4-14, is preferably 6-12; Place 10min-5h and sedimentation does not occur.
Wherein, described dense medium particle is water insoluble, and density is 2.2g/mL-7.8g/mL, and particle diameter is 0.1um-30um, is selected from one or more in calcium carbonate, silicon-dioxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, iron powder.
Wherein, described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in 1-isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexylphosphoric acid potassium, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, calcium lignin sulphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, diethanolamine, dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide.
Wherein, described auxiliary agent is selected from one or more in alkaline matter, acidic substance, thickening material.
Described alkaline matter is selected from one or more in sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide; The adding of described alkaline matter be conducive to tensio-active agent to present in the solution with ionic condition, thus be conducive to dense medium particle stable dispersion in aqueous.
Described acidic substance are selected from one or more in P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Phloroglucinol, syringic acid, phenylformic acid.The adding of described acidic substance be on the one hand conducive to tensio-active agent to present with ionic condition, itself be macro-radical on the one hand, play synergistic effect with tensio-active agent, be all conducive to realizing dense medium particle stable dispersion in aqueous.
Described thickening material is selected from one or more in carboxymethyl cellulose, Natvosol, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate.The viscosity adding suitably raising suspension of thickening material in suspension, thus be conducive to the stable of suspension, there is not sedimentation.
A preparation method for the above-mentioned suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, comprises the steps:
A) dense medium particle and water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly according to proportioning, obtain premixed solution;
B) tensio-active agent is joined in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) auxiliary agent is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.01g/mL-1.31g/mL, and pH value is 4-14, places the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation that sedimentation does not occur 10min-5h.
Wherein, described auxiliary agent is selected from one or more in alkaline matter, acidic substance, thickening material; Described alkaline matter is selected from one or more in sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide; Described acidic substance are selected from one or more in P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Phloroglucinol, syringic acid, phenylformic acid; Described thickening material is selected from one or more in carboxymethyl cellulose, Natvosol, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate.
Wherein, the pH of the alkaline matter adjustment suspension in described auxiliary agent is 8-14, and the pH of the acidic substance adjustment suspension in auxiliary agent is 4-6, and the pH not adding suspension during auxiliary agent is 7.
Wherein, described dense medium particle is water insoluble, and density is 2.2g/mL-7.8g/mL, and particle diameter is 0.1um-30um, is selected from one or more in calcium carbonate, silicon-dioxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, iron powder.
Wherein, described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in 1-isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexylphosphoric acid potassium, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, calcium lignin sulphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, diethanolamine, dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide.
Above-mentioned suspension is used for the purposes of flotation separation waste or used plastics: with described suspension flotation separation waste or used plastics, waste or used plastics less than described density of suspending liquid in flotation separation process is on described suspension upper strata, and the waste or used plastics larger than described density of suspending liquid is in described suspension lower floor.
Wherein, one or more in the waste or used plastics that described waste or used plastics is selected from the waste material produced in the waste material produced in production of resins, the waste material produced in molding process, compounding and reprocessing process, the waste material produced in secondary processing, Post-consumer plastic waste material, domestic waste produce.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1) suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation of the present invention is by adjusting the proportioning of dense medium particle and water, the density of described suspension can be regulated to waste or used plastics density magnitude range 1.01g/mL-1.31g/mL, pH value is 4-14, and placement 10min-5h can be kept sedimentation not to occur.
2) suspension of the present invention is in the application of the flotation for waste or used plastics, can replace in domestic industry, adopting sodium chloride salt aqueous solution cleaning flotation waste or used plastics, at least 85% dense medium particle in suspension of the present invention can recycle and reuse after completing waste or used plastics flotation separation, realizes environmental protection and energy saving.
3) suspension of the present invention is in the purposes of the flotation for waste or used plastics, minute quantity dense medium particle residual on plastic sheet after flotation separation not only can not have negative impact to the successive modified rear performance of plastics, a small amount of dense medium particle residual on the contrary plays filler effect in plastics are successive modified, thus the mechanical property of plastics can be improved, bring economic benefit.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, following examples are the present invention's preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by the restriction of following embodiment.
Embodiments of the invention and comparative example adopt following raw material, but are not limited only to these raw materials:
dense medium particle:
Calcium carbonate dense medium particle: Jiangxi Guang Yuan chemical industry limited liability company;
Barium sulfate dense medium particle: Jiangxi Guang Yuan chemical industry limited liability company;
tensio-active agent:
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: Science and Technology Ltd. is clearly cleaned in Guangzhou;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: Science and Technology Ltd. is clearly cleaned in Guangzhou;
Dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide: Science and Technology Ltd. is clearly cleaned in Guangzhou;
Calcium lignin sulphonate: xylogen company limited is closed by Linghai City three;
Sodium lignosulfonate: xylogen company limited is closed by Linghai City three;
alkaline matter:
Sodium hydroxide: Guangzhou Zhen Cheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;
Sodium carbonate: Guangzhou Zhen Cheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;
acidic substance:
Hydroxy-benzoic acid: Dongguan City Qiao Ke Chemical Co., Ltd.;
thickening material:
Carboxymethyl cellulose: Dongguan City Qiao Ke Chemical Co., Ltd.;
the testing method of each performance index:
The testing method of density: 1) utilize the suspension that the measurement of waves specific gravity hydrometer configures; 2) suspension configured is poured in 100mL volumetric flask, take suspension quality, thus calculate density of suspending liquid according to density formula.
The testing method of the stability of suspension: suspension is configured, leave standstill, get the suspension after standing 5min, 10min, 30min, 40min, 1h, 1.2h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.4h, 4.5h, 4.8h, 4.9h, 5h, survey its density, thus judge the stability of this system low suspension liquid; It should be noted that, aforementioned maintenance is placed 10min-5h and sedimentation is not occurred, and refers to that the density keeping placing 10min-5h inner suspension liquid can not change.
embodiment 1
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 5 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 0.1 part of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate; Add the pH=8 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 90 parts of water; 4 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses.
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 5 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 90 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 0.1 part of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, 4 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses are joined in solution and fully stirs, obtaining density is 1.04g/mL, pH=8, places the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation that sedimentation does not occur 4.9h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS is on the upper strata of suspension, and non-environmental protection PS, fire-retardant PS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, and the calcium carbonate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 92% can be recycled.
embodiment 2
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 15 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 5 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 5 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates; Add the pH=12 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 73 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 15 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 73 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 5 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 5 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.15g/mL, pH=12, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 4.4h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS and non-environmental protection PS is on the upper strata of suspension, and fire-retardant PS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, and the calcium carbonate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 95% can be recycled.
embodiment 3
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 35 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 10 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 10 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates; Add the pH=14 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 42 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 35 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 42 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 10 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.20g/mL, pH=14, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 1.2h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS, non-environmental protection PS, fire-retardant PS are on the upper strata of suspension, and the metallic material that sinks to the bottom is in the lower floor of suspension, and the calcium carbonate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 88% can be recycled.
embodiment 4
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 5 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles; 0.1 part of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99; 0.1 part of sodium lignosulfonate; Add the pH=8 that alkaline matter sodium carbonate regulates suspension; 90 parts of water; 4 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses.
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 5 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles and 90 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 0.1 part of anion surfactant Sodium hexametaphosphate 99,0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium carbonate is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, 4 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses are joined in solution and carry out fully stirring that to obtain density be 1.04g/mL, pH=8, place the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 4.8h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection ABS is on the upper strata of suspension, non-environmental protection ABS, flame-proof ABS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, and the barium sulfate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 93% can be recycled.
embodiment 5
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 15 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles; 5 parts of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s; 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonates; Add the pH=10 that alkaline matter sodium carbonate regulates suspension; 73 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 15 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles and 73 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 5 parts of anion surfactant Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonates are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium carbonate is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.15g/mL, pH=10, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 3.5h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection ABS, non-environmental protection ABS are on the upper strata of suspension, flame-proof ABS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, and the barium sulfate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 94% can be recycled.
embodiment 6
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 35 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles; 10 parts of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s; 10 parts of sodium lignosulfonates; Add the pH=14 that alkaline matter sodium carbonate regulates suspension; 42 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 35 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles and 42 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 10 parts of anion surfactant Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s, 10 parts of sodium lignosulfonates are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium carbonate is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.20g/mL, pH=14, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 1.5h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection ABS, non-environmental protection ABS, flame-proof ABS are on the upper strata of suspension, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom is in the lower floor of suspension, and the barium sulfate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 86% can be recycled.
embodiment 7
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: the mixture of 3 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 2 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles; 0.1 part of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 0.1 part of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99; 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate calcium; Add the pH=8 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 94 parts of water; ;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) mixture of 3 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 2 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles and 94 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring even, obtain premixed solution;
B) 0.1 part of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.1 part of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99,0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.04g/mL, pH=8, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 4.5h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, PP or PE is on the upper strata of suspension, PA, PC, PET, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom in the lower floor of suspension, flotation complete in rear suspension liquid 93% calcium carbonate and barium sulfate dense medium particle can recycle.
embodiment 8
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: the mixture of 10 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 5 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles; 5 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 5 parts of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s; 5 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates; Add the pH=10 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 73 parts of water; Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) mixture of 10 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 5 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles and 73 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring even, obtain premixed solution;
B) 5 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 5 parts of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s, 5 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.15g/mL, pH=10, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 5h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, PP or PE, PA are on the upper strata of suspension, PC, PET, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom in the lower floor of suspension, flotation complete in rear suspension liquid 95% calcium carbonate and barium sulfate dense medium particle can recycle.
embodiment 9
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: the mixture of 25 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 10 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles; 10 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 10 parts of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s; 10 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates; Add the pH=14 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 42 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) mixture of 25 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 10 parts of barium sulfate dense medium particles and 42 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring even, obtain premixed solution;
B) 10 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10 parts of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99s, 10 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.20g/mL, pH=14, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 2h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, PP or PE, PA, PC are on the upper strata of suspension, PET, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom in the lower floor of suspension, flotation complete in rear suspension liquid 87% calcium carbonate and barium sulfate dense medium particle can recycle.
embodiment 10
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 5 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 0.1 part of cats product dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide; 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate; Add the pH=6 that acidic substance hydroxy-benzoic acid regulates suspension; 90 parts of water; 4 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses.；
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 5 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 90 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 0.1 part of cats product dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide, 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) acidic substance hydroxy-benzoic acid is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, being added in above-mentioned solution by 4 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses stirs further, and to obtain density be 1.04g/mL, pH=6, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 3h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS is on the upper strata of suspension, and non-environmental protection PS, fire-retardant PS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, and the calcium carbonate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 92% can be recycled.
embodiment 11
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 15 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 5 parts of cats product dimethyl dodecyl amine oxides; 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate; Add the pH=5 that acidic substance hydroxy-benzoic acid regulates suspension; 79 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 15 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 79 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 5 parts of cats product dimethyl dodecyl amine oxides, 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) acidic substance hydroxy-benzoic acid is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.15g/mL, pH=5, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 1h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS and non-environmental protection PS is on the upper strata of suspension, and fire-retardant PS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, and the calcium carbonate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 85% can be recycled.
embodiment 12
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 35 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 10 parts of cats product dimethyl dodecyl amine oxides; 1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate; Add the pH=4 that acidic substance hydroxy-benzoic acid regulates suspension; 53 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 35 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 53 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 10 parts of cats product dimethyl dodecyl amine oxides, 1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) acidic substance hydroxy-benzoic acid is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, control the pH=4 of suspension, obtaining density is 1.20g/mL, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 40min;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation, in floatation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS, non-environmental protection PS, fire-retardant PS are on the upper strata of suspension, and the metallic material that sinks to the bottom is in the lower floor of suspension, and the calcium carbonate dense medium particle that flotation completes in rear suspension liquid 87% can be recycled.
comparative example 1:
A kind of sodium chloride salt aqueous solution, by weight, comprises following component: 5 parts of sodium chloride medium particles; 95 parts of water;
Its preparation method: 5 parts of sodium chloride medium particles are carried out abundant stirring and dissolving at 94 parts of water complete;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned salts solution flotation separation, in flotation separation process, in waste and old mixed plastic, environmental protection PS is on the upper strata of salts solution, non-environmental protection PS, fire-retardant PS, the metallic material that sinks to the bottom are in the lower floor of suspension, the environmental protection PS floatingly selected chloride concentration employing ion chromatograph detection in waste water after clear water rinsing further, detected result is 4026g/mL, exceedes halogenide emission standard in waste water.
comparative example 2:
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 2 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 0.1 part of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate; Add the pH=8 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 90 parts of water; 7 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses.
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 2 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 90 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 0.1 part of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, being added in above-mentioned solution by 7 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses stirs further, and to obtain density be 1.01g/mL, pH=8, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 1h;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation separation, in floatation process, only there are PP, PE and film class that density ratio water is light on suspension upper strata, and good separating effect is not had for PS, ABS, PET class waste or used plastics.
comparative example 3:
For a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, following component is comprised: 45 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles; 7 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate; Add the pH=14 that alkaline matter sodium hydroxide regulates suspension; 47 parts of water;
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
A) 45 parts of calcium carbonate dense medium particles and 47 parts of water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly, obtain premixed solution;
B) 7 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of calcium lignin sulphonate are added in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) alkaline matter sodium hydroxide is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.40g/mL, pH=14, places the suspension that sedimentation does not occur 5min;
With the waste and old mixed plastic of above-mentioned suspension flotation separation, in floatation process, the time that sedimentation does not occur due to suspension remained stable is shorter, is not suitable for industrial flotation separation waste or used plastics.
From embodiment 1-12 and comparative example 1-3 relatively, suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation of the present invention is by adjusting the proportioning of dense medium particle and water, the density of described suspension can be regulated to waste or used plastics density magnitude range 1.01g/mL-1.31g/mL, and placement 10min-5h can be kept sedimentation not to occur.Suspension of the present invention is in the application of the flotation for waste or used plastics, can replace in domestic industry, adopting sodium chloride salt aqueous solution cleaning flotation waste or used plastics, at least 85% dense medium particle in suspension of the present invention can recycle and reuse after completing waste or used plastics flotation separation, realize environmental protection and energy saving, and residual a small amount of dense medium particle plays filler effect in plastics are successive modified, thus the mechanical property of plastics can be improved, bring economic benefit.
Claims (13)
1. for a suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation, by weight, comprise following component:
Dense medium particle 5 parts-35 parts;
0.1 part-10 parts, tensio-active agent;
42 parts-94 parts, water;
Auxiliary agent 0-10 part.
2. the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the density of described suspension is 1.01g/mL-1.31g/mL, and pH value is 4-14, is preferably 6-12; Place 10min-5h and sedimentation does not occur.
3. the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dense medium particle is water insoluble, density is 2.2g/mL-7.8g/mL, particle diameter is 0.1um-30um, is selected from one or more in calcium carbonate, silicon-dioxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, iron powder.
4. the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in 1-isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexylphosphoric acid potassium, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, calcium lignin sulphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, diethanolamine, dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide.
5. the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is selected from one or more in alkaline matter, acidic substance, thickening material.
6. the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described alkaline matter is selected from one or more in sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide; Described acidic substance are selected from one or more in P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Phloroglucinol, syringic acid, phenylformic acid; Described thickening material is selected from one or more in carboxymethyl cellulose, Natvosol, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate.
7. a preparation method for the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A) dense medium particle and water are carried out dispersed with stirring evenly according to proportioning, obtain premixed solution;
B) tensio-active agent is joined in above-mentioned premixed solution carry out ultrasonic, stir, tensio-active agent is fully dissolved, obtains mixing solutions;
C) auxiliary agent is joined in above-mentioned mixing solutions carry out again dispersed with stirring evenly after, obtaining density is 1.01g/mL-1.31g/mL, and pH value is 4-14, places the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation that sedimentation does not occur 10min-5h.
8. the preparation method of the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is selected from one or more in alkaline matter, acidic substance, thickening material; Described alkaline matter is selected from one or more in sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide; Described acidic substance are selected from one or more in P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Phloroglucinol, syringic acid, phenylformic acid; Described thickening material is selected from one or more in carboxymethyl cellulose, Natvosol, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate.
9. the preparation method of the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation described in 7 or 8 is required according to power, it is characterized in that, the pH of the alkaline matter adjustment suspension in described auxiliary agent is 8-14, and the pH of the acidic substance adjustment suspension in auxiliary agent is 4-6, and the pH not adding suspension during auxiliary agent is 7.
10. the preparation method of the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation described in 7 is required according to power, it is characterized in that, described dense medium particle is water insoluble, density is 2.2g/mL-7.8g/mL, particle diameter is 0.1um-30um, is selected from one or more in calcium carbonate, silicon-dioxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, iron powder.
11. require the preparation method of the suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation described in 7 according to power, it is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in 1-isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexylphosphoric acid potassium, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, calcium lignin sulphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, diethanolamine, dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide.
12. 1 kinds of suspension for waste or used plastics flotation separation according to any one of claim 1-6 are used for the purposes of flotation separation waste or used plastics.
13. suspension according to claim 12 are used for the purposes of flotation separation waste or used plastics, it is characterized in that, described waste or used plastics is selected from the waste material produced in the waste material produced in production of resins, the waste material produced in molding process, compounding and reprocessing process, one or more in waste or used plastics that the waste material produced in secondary processing, Post-consumer plastic waste material, domestic waste produce.
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