CN104511369A - Method for waste mixed plastic separation - Google Patents
Method for waste mixed plastic separation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104511369A CN104511369A CN201510027566.8A CN201510027566A CN104511369A CN 104511369 A CN104511369 A CN 104511369A CN 201510027566 A CN201510027566 A CN 201510027566A CN 104511369 A CN104511369 A CN 104511369A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plastics
- liquid medium
- density
- flotation
- plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- RBNWAMSGVWEHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-p-Menthane-1,8-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C1CCC(C)(O)CC1 RBNWAMSGVWEHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017343 Quebracho blanco Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000065615 Schinopsis balansae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for waste mixed plastic separation. The method comprises the following steps: crushing waste mixed plastic into mixed plastic particles, adding the obtained mixed plastic particles into a liquid medium I to perform sinking and floating separation, obtaining light-component plastic particles which are smaller than the liquid medium I in density and heavy-component plastic particles which are larger than that of the liquid medium I in density through the sinking and floating separation, adding the heavy-component plastic particles into a liquid medium II to perform surface treatment at a temperature of 70-100 DEG C and performing flotation separation on the heavy-component plastic particles subjected to surface treatment through a floating agent. According to the method, a variety of plastics in waste plastics can be efficiently and selectively separated. The method is simple to operate, is low in cost and meets the industrial application and production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of separation method of waste and old mixed plastic, belong to technics of reclaim of plastic waste technical field.
Background technology
A large amount of consumption of the developing rapidly of plastics industry, plastics and the shorter life cycle of plastics make the quantity of plastic refuse sharply increase.The processing mode of waste or used plastics, for burning and landfill, creates serious environmental pollution and the waste of resource.Therefore, the recycling of waste or used plastics is paid much attention to.To technics of reclaim of plastic waste process, need to be separated different plastics, the separation of current plastics is bottlenecks of restriction technics of reclaim of plastic waste process.The mixed plastic isolation technics of exploitation comprises the methods such as hand-sorted, Gravity Separation, flotation, electrostatic separation and selective dissolution.The hand-sorted process labour intensity of plastics is large, work under bad environment, separative efficiency are low.Gravity Separation and electrostatic separation have been separated very large limitation to the close mixed plastic of physical property.Selective solvent cost is high, and organic solvent has very large toxicity.In addition, plastics recovery profit diversity that is low and waste or used plastics also limit the exploitation of plastics isolation technics.Therefore, developing low-cost, strong adaptability, isolation technics that separative efficiency is high are the major issues of this area.
Summary of the invention
For the defect that the method be separated waste and old mixed plastic in prior art exists, the object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of combining with drift along separation and method for floating to carry out to the multiple plastic components in waste or used plastics the method that efficient selective is separated, the method is simple to operate, cost is low, meets industrial applications and produces.
The invention provides a kind of method that waste and old mixed plastic is separated, the relatively little light component plastics of at least one density and at least two kinds of similar density are comprised and the relatively large heavy constituent plastics of density in described waste and old mixed plastic, wherein, the plastics of the plastics at least containing a kind of polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics and not polar functionalities; Waste and old mixed plastic is broken into mixed plastic particles, gained mixed plastic particles joins in liquid medium I and carries out sink-float separation, sink-float is separated and obtains density and be less than the plastic grain that the light component plastic grain of liquid medium I and density is greater than liquid medium I, gained heavy constituent plastic grain joins in liquid medium II and carry out surface treatment at 70 ~ 100 DEG C of temperature, heavy constituent plastic grain after surface treatment carries out FLOTATION SEPARATION by flotation agent, is separated and obtains the plastic grain of polar functionalities and the plastic grain of not polar functionalities.
The method be separated waste and old mixed plastic of the present invention also comprises following preferred version:
In preferred scheme, liquid medium I density is at 970 ~ 1200kg/m
3between, the liquid medium I of proper density is selected according to the density of waste and old mixed plastic particles to be separated.
In preferred scheme, liquid medium I is selected from alcohol water mixed solution further, or be at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water, or be the aqueous solution of at least one in sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate.
Select suitable liquid medium I according to the averag density of plastics to be separated in preferred scheme, the density ratio light component plastic density of liquid medium I is large, and density fractions plastic density is little.Liquid medium I can be chosen as density close to 1000kg/m
3running water, deionized water, seawater, at least one in distilled water; Or be chosen as density at 970 ~ 1000kg/m
3between methyl alcohol and/or the aqueous solution of ethanol, or be chosen as density at 1000 ~ 1200kg/m
3between sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, the aqueous solution of at least one in sodium nitrate.
In preferred scheme, heavy constituent plastic grain joins temperature is carry out surface treatment 30 ~ 180min in the liquid medium II of 70 ~ 100 DEG C.
In preferred scheme, liquid medium II is at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water, sodium chloride solution, metabisulfite solution, calcium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid, potassium nitrate solution, sodium nitrate solution further.The pH of liquid medium II is about 7.
Heavy constituent plastic grain in preferred scheme after surface treatment is dispersed in flotation medium, adds flotation agent and carries out FLOTATION SEPARATION.
In preferred scheme, flotation agent comprises the flotation agent with bubble effect and/or the flotation agent with wetting effect.
The flotation agent in preferred scheme further with bubble effect is at least one in terpinol, methyl isobutyl carbinol, α-terpenol, polyethylene glycol.
The flotation agent in preferred scheme further with wetting effect is at least one in lignosulfonates, tannic acid, gelatin, quebracho juice, cellulose, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, waterglass, fatty amine.
In preferred scheme, flotation agent joins in flotation medium by the amount of 10 ~ 500mg/L further.Most preferably be and join in flotation medium by the amount of 20 ~ 300mg/L.
In preferred scheme, flotation medium is at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water further.
In preferred scheme, the FLOTATION SEPARATION time is 1 ~ 15min further.
In preferred scheme, light component plastics comprise polyethylene and/or polypropylene, and the plastics of the not polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics comprise the plastics containing aromatic ring, and the plastics of the polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics comprise the plastics of sulfur-bearing, oxygen, nitrogen heteroatom group; Heavy constituent plastics account for 1% ~ 99% of waste and old mixed plastic quality.The plastics of polar functionalities are not as polystyrene etc.The plastics of polar functionalities are Merlon, polyamide etc.
In preferred scheme, heavy constituent plastics account for 1% ~ 99% of waste and old mixed plastic quality.
In preferred scheme, waste and old mixed plastic is broken into the mixed plastic particles that particle diameter is 1 ~ 10mm.
Freezing crushing or Mechanical Crushing is broken in preferred scheme.
In preferred scheme, freezing crushing, after first plastics being carried out freezing processing, carries out Mechanical Crushing immediately further.
In preferred scheme, Mechanical Crushing is realized by disintegrating machine further, adds appropriate water to ensure that plastics temperature is not more than 40 DEG C in shattering process in disintegrating machine simultaneously.
Described is broken for jaw crusher, gyratory crusher, impact crusher or kibbler roll.
In floatation process, impel plastic grain to be uniformly dispersed in flotation medium by agitating mode in preferred scheme further, stir speed (S.S.) is for being not more than 100r/min.
In floatation process, pass into appropriate air in flotation medium to promote that bubble produces in preferred scheme further, inflation rate is 1 ~ 800mL/min.
In preferred scheme, waste and old mixed plastic is first removed the non-plastic such as surface and oil contaminant and silt pollutant through cleaning; Appropriate NaOH or cleaning agent can be added to promote cleaning performance in cleaning process.
Heavy constituent plastic grain in preferred scheme after surface treatment adopts water washing before carrying out flotation, can rinse cooling with water, or the 5 ~ 60min that is soaked in water.
The method that waste and old mixed plastic of the present invention is separated comprises the following steps:
Step 1: waste and old mixed plastic is cleaned; Cleaning process adds a small amount of NaOH or cleaning agent to promote cleaning performance;
Step 2: adopt freezing crushing or Mechanical Crushing that waste and old mixed plastic is broken into the mixed plastic particles that granularity is 1 ~ 10mm; By first for waste and old mixed plastic freezing processing, then carry out Mechanical Crushing, or directly adopt Mechanical Crushing, in disintegrating machine, add suitable quantity of water in Mechanical Crushing process to ensure that the temperature of plastics is lower than 40 DEG C; The crushing mechanism adopted is jaw crusher, gyratory crusher, impact crusher or kibbler roll; The relatively little light component plastics of at least one density and at least two kinds of similar density are comprised and the relatively large heavy constituent plastics of density in described waste and old mixed plastic, wherein, the plastics at least containing a kind of plastics containing assorted polar group and not polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics;
Step 3: joined by mixed plastic particles in liquid medium I and carry out sink-float and isolate light component plastic grain and heavy constituent plastic grain, liquid medium I can be chosen as density close to 1000kg/m according to the density of reality plastics to be separated
3running water, deionized water, seawater, at least one in distilled water; Or be chosen as density at 970 ~ 1000kg/m
3between methyl alcohol and/or the aqueous solution of ethanol, or be chosen as density at 1000 ~ 1200kg/m
3between sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, the aqueous solution of at least one in sodium nitrate;
Step 4: join in the liquid medium II of 70 ~ 100 DEG C the separating obtained heavy constituent plastic grain of sink-float and carry out surface treatment 30 ~ 180min, liquid medium II is be at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water, sodium chloride solution, metabisulfite solution, calcium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid, potassium nitrate solution, sodium nitrate solution;
Step 5: the heavy constituent plastic grain after effects on surface process adopts tap water cooling, or soaks 5 ~ 60min at heavy constituent plastic grain in water;
Step 6: be dispersed in flotation medium by heavy constituent plastic grain, adds flotation agent and carries out FLOTATION SEPARATION; Add flotation agent by 10 ~ 500mg/L, blast air with the speed of 1 ~ 800mL/min, carry out FLOTATION SEPARATION 1 ~ 15min, floatingly select the plastics of not polar functionalities; Flotation medium is at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water; Flotation agent is at least one in terpinol, methyl isobutyl carbinol, α-terpenol and polyethylene glycol, lignosulfonates, tannic acid, gelatin, quebracho juice, cellulose, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, waterglass, fatty amine.
Hinge structure, beneficial effect of the present invention is: be difficult to realize multicomponent separation to mixed plastic based in prior art, the present invention is separated to drift along first and flotation separation method combines carries out Selective Separation to mixed plastic, can be separated by multiple plastics, particularly to the separation of the mixed plastic of similar density simultaneously.The present invention carries out surface treatment to the plastics of similar density under proper temperature condition, enables the plastics such as polyphenyl alkene wherein carry out selective enrichment separation in conjunction with the floatation in ore dressing field.The present invention program is to the various plastics good separating effects in waste or used plastics, and the rate of recovery is high; In addition, technological operation of the present invention is simple, cost is low, has good economic feasibility, meets industrial applications.
Detailed description of the invention
Explain the present invention further by following examples, embodiment is construed as forcing restriction to scope of the present invention never in any form.On the contrary, understanding should be known, other embodiments various that those skilled in the art can be taked can to find out after reading description herein, amendment and equivalent thereof and do not depart from the scope of spirit of the present invention and/or claims.
Embodiment 1
Will containing PC, the mixed plastic of PS and PP joins in the running water containing a small amount of cleaning agent and cleans, then plastic crushing crusher machine is adopted, in disintegrating machine, suitable quantity of water is added to ensure that the temperature of plastics is lower than 40 DEG C in Mechanical Crushing process, get the plastic grain 30g (PC of 3.2 ~ 4.0mm particle diameter, the mass ratio of PS and PP is 1:1:1) join in running water, PP plastic grain is separated from running water upper strata by the method for drifting along, then PC and PS plastic grain is joined in the boiling water of 100 DEG C, process 70min, flotation is carried out after taking-up water cooling, flotation conditions is: 200mg/L terpinol, flotation 2min, inflation rate is 7.5mL/min, stir speed (S.S.) is 100r/min.After being separated, the purity of PC reaches 86.42%, and the rate of recovery reaches 91.86%; The purity of PS reaches 92.34%, and the rate of recovery reaches 98.04%.
Embodiment 2
Will containing PC, the mixed plastic of PS and PE joins in the running water containing a small amount of cleaning agent and cleans, then freezing under-10 low temperature, plastic crushing crusher machine is adopted to carry out routine fragmentation, get the plastic grain 30g (PC of 3.2-4.0mm particle diameter, the mass ratio of PS and PE is 1:1:1) join in running water, PE plastic grain is separated from running water upper strata by the method for drifting along, then PC and PS plastic grain is joined in the saline solution of 100 DEG C, process 80min, taking-up water cooling, after carry out flotation, flotation conditions is: 35.1mg/L methyl isobutyl carbinol, flotation 4min, inflation rate is 7.5mL/min, stir speed (S.S.) is 50r/min.The rate of recovery that after being separated, the purity of PC reaches 94.86%, PS reaches 98.04%.
Embodiment 3
Will containing ABS, the plastics of PS and PP join in the running water containing a small amount of NaOH and clean, then plastic crushing crusher machine is adopted, in disintegrating machine, suitable quantity of water is added to ensure that the temperature of plastics is lower than 40 DEG C in Mechanical Crushing process, get the plastic grain 30g (ABS of 3.2-4.0mm particle diameter, the mass ratio of PS and PP is 1:1:1) join in seawater, PP plastic grain is separated from seawater upper strata by the method for drifting along, then ABS and PS plastic grain is joined in the aqueous medium of 80 DEG C, process 110min, after taking-up is soaked in water and cools for 10 minutes, carry out flotation, flotation conditions is: 35.1mg/L lignosulfonates, flotation 3min, inflation rate is 7.5mL/min, stir speed (S.S.) is 50r/min.The purity that after being separated, the purity of ABS reaches 95.16%, PS reaches 91.37%, and the rate of recovery of two kinds of plastics reaches 91%.
Embodiment 4
Will containing ABS, the plastics of PS and PE join in the running water containing a small amount of NaOH and clean, then plastic crushing crusher machine is adopted, in disintegrating machine, suitable quantity of water is added to ensure that the temperature of plastics is lower than 40 DEG C in Mechanical Crushing process, get the plastic grain 30g (ABS of 2.0-2.5mm particle diameter, the mass ratio of PS and PE is 5:1:1) join in running water, PE plastic grain is separated from running water upper strata by the method for drifting along, then ABS and PS plastic grain is joined in the boiling water of 75 DEG C, process 170min, flotation is carried out after taking out cooling, flotation conditions is: 20mg/L alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, flotation 3min, inflation rate is 70mL/min, stir speed (S.S.) is 100r/min.The purity that after being separated, the purity of ABS reaches 90.46%, PS reaches 92.57%, and the rate of recovery of two kinds of plastics reaches 89%.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a waste and old mixed plastic separation, it is characterized in that, the relatively little light component plastics of at least one density and at least two kinds of similar density are comprised and the relatively large heavy constituent plastics of density in described waste and old mixed plastic, wherein, the plastics of the plastics at least containing a kind of polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics and not polar functionalities; Waste and old mixed plastic is broken into mixed plastic particles, gained mixed plastic particles joins in liquid medium I and carries out sink-float separation, sink-float is separated and obtains density and be less than the plastic grain that the light component plastic grain of liquid medium I and density is greater than liquid medium I, gained heavy constituent plastic grain joins in liquid medium II and carry out surface treatment at 70 ~ 100 DEG C of temperature, heavy constituent plastic grain after surface treatment carries out FLOTATION SEPARATION by flotation agent, is separated and obtains the plastic grain of polar functionalities and the plastic grain of not polar functionalities.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described liquid medium I density is at 970 ~ 1200kg/m
3between, the liquid medium I of proper density is selected according to the density size of waste and old mixed plastic particles to be separated.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described liquid medium I is selected from alcohol water mixed solution, or be at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water, or be the aqueous solution of at least one in sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is carry out surface treatment 30 ~ 180min in the liquid medium II of 70 ~ 100 DEG C that heavy constituent plastic grain joins temperature.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described liquid medium II is at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water, sodium chloride solution, metabisulfite solution, calcium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid, potassium nitrate solution, sodium nitrate solution.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the heavy constituent plastic grain after surface treatment is dispersed in flotation medium, adds flotation agent and carries out FLOTATION SEPARATION.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described flotation agent is at least one in terpinol, methyl isobutyl carbinol, α-terpenol, polyethylene glycol, lignosulfonates, tannic acid, gelatin, quebracho juice, cellulose, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, waterglass, fatty amine; Described flotation agent joins in flotation medium by the amount of 10 ~ 500mg/L.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described flotation medium is at least one in running water, deionized water, seawater, distilled water.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the FLOTATION SEPARATION time is 1 ~ 15min.
10. the method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, it is characterized in that, light component plastics comprise polyethylene and/or polypropylene, the plastics of the not polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics comprise the plastics containing aromatic ring, and the plastics of the polar functionalities in heavy constituent plastics comprise the plastics of sulfur-bearing, oxygen, nitrogen heteroatom group; Heavy constituent plastics account for 1% ~ 99% of waste and old mixed plastic quality.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510027566.8A CN104511369B (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2015-01-20 | Method for waste mixed plastic separation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510027566.8A CN104511369B (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2015-01-20 | Method for waste mixed plastic separation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104511369A true CN104511369A (en) | 2015-04-15 |
| CN104511369B CN104511369B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=52787582
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510027566.8A Expired - Fee Related CN104511369B (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2015-01-20 | Method for waste mixed plastic separation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104511369B (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105348556A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-24 | 广东金发科技有限公司 | Suspension used for flotation separation of waste plastic, preparing method thereof and applications of the suspension |
| CN106111673A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-16 | 朱建裕 | A kind of separating plastic and method of metal from electron wastes |
| CN106311454A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Fruit screening method and fruit smashing method |
| CN106426645A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 常州大学 | Waste plastic flotation device |
| CN110124846A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏诺普乐生物科技有限公司 | A kind of serialization stick bone takes marrow production technology |
| CN110802767A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-18 | 江西理工大学 | Method for sorting mixed plastics |
| CN111590785A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-28 | 南京浦世环境科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing wood-plastic composite material by using waste mask |
| CN112461707A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-03-09 | 江苏盐城津能电力有限公司 | Inspection formula solution for plastic cable protection pipe |
| CN112519031A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 曲静 | Plastic master batch production process and intermediate material thereof |
| CN113059721A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-02 | 石家庄绿色再生资源有限公司 | ABS resin and PS resin separation system, separation method and application |
| CN113544204A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-10-22 | 索尔维特殊聚合物美国有限责任公司 | Method for separating a mixture of solids |
| CN114131789A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-04 | 石家庄绿色再生资源有限公司 | Composite sorting method for mixed plastics |
| CN114800938A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 上海睿聚环保科技有限公司 | Sorting mode of recycled plastics and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108247897B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-10-25 | 郑州大学 | A kind of separation method of mixed plastic |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5358119A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-10-25 | Kali Und Salz Aktiengesellschaft | Method of separating a mixture of plastics comprising at least three components using electrostatic techniques |
| US5370235A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-12-06 | Kali Und Salz Aktiengesellschaft | Method of separating polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) |
| JPH1158382A (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-03-02 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for separating resin waste |
| CN1334145A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-02-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Floatation separator of waste plastics |
| JP2006281506A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Jfe Steel Kk | Treatment method of waste plastic |
| CN101941255A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-01-12 | 甘肃大禹节水股份有限公司 | Water flotation regeneration process of agricultural waste plastics |
| CN102079114A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | 西兴电子科技有限公司 | Selection method for recycling plastic |
| CN203125772U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-08-14 | 冯愚斌 | Rotational flow type waste plastic breaking, sorting and cleaning system |
| CN203125773U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-08-14 | 冯愚斌 | Flotation-type crushing separation cleaning system for waste plastics |
| CN203125774U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-08-14 | 冯愚斌 | Complete equipment for automatically separating plastic fragments with different densities |
| CN103286000A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-11 | 四川长虹格润再生资源有限责任公司 | Method for sorting waste plastics |
-
2015
- 2015-01-20 CN CN201510027566.8A patent/CN104511369B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5358119A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-10-25 | Kali Und Salz Aktiengesellschaft | Method of separating a mixture of plastics comprising at least three components using electrostatic techniques |
| US5370235A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-12-06 | Kali Und Salz Aktiengesellschaft | Method of separating polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) |
| JPH1158382A (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-03-02 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for separating resin waste |
| CN1334145A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-02-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Floatation separator of waste plastics |
| JP2006281506A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Jfe Steel Kk | Treatment method of waste plastic |
| CN102079114A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | 西兴电子科技有限公司 | Selection method for recycling plastic |
| CN101941255A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-01-12 | 甘肃大禹节水股份有限公司 | Water flotation regeneration process of agricultural waste plastics |
| CN203125772U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-08-14 | 冯愚斌 | Rotational flow type waste plastic breaking, sorting and cleaning system |
| CN203125773U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-08-14 | 冯愚斌 | Flotation-type crushing separation cleaning system for waste plastics |
| CN203125774U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-08-14 | 冯愚斌 | Complete equipment for automatically separating plastic fragments with different densities |
| CN103286000A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-11 | 四川长虹格润再生资源有限责任公司 | Method for sorting waste plastics |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 王晖等: "塑料浮选药剂", 《高分子材料科学与工程》 * |
| 王晖等: "废旧塑料分选技术", 《现代化工》 * |
| 王重庆等: "废旧塑料浮选分离研究进展", 《中国塑料》 * |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106311454A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Fruit screening method and fruit smashing method |
| CN106311454B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of screening technique and breaking method of fruit |
| CN105348556B (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-07-27 | 广东金发科技有限公司 | A kind of suspension and the preparation method and application thereof for waste plastic FLOTATION SEPARATION |
| CN105348556A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-24 | 广东金发科技有限公司 | Suspension used for flotation separation of waste plastic, preparing method thereof and applications of the suspension |
| CN106111673A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-16 | 朱建裕 | A kind of separating plastic and method of metal from electron wastes |
| CN106426645A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 常州大学 | Waste plastic flotation device |
| CN106426645B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-08-14 | 常州大学 | A kind of waste plastics flotation unit |
| CN113544204A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-10-22 | 索尔维特殊聚合物美国有限责任公司 | Method for separating a mixture of solids |
| CN110124846A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏诺普乐生物科技有限公司 | A kind of serialization stick bone takes marrow production technology |
| CN110802767A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-18 | 江西理工大学 | Method for sorting mixed plastics |
| CN110802767B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-09-17 | 江西理工大学 | Method for sorting mixed plastics |
| CN111590785A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-28 | 南京浦世环境科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing wood-plastic composite material by using waste mask |
| CN112461707A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-03-09 | 江苏盐城津能电力有限公司 | Inspection formula solution for plastic cable protection pipe |
| CN112461707B (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏盐城津能电力有限公司 | Inspection formula solution for plastic cable protection pipe |
| CN112519031A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 曲静 | Plastic master batch production process and intermediate material thereof |
| CN113059721A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-02 | 石家庄绿色再生资源有限公司 | ABS resin and PS resin separation system, separation method and application |
| CN114800938A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 上海睿聚环保科技有限公司 | Sorting mode of recycled plastics and application thereof |
| CN114131789A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-04 | 石家庄绿色再生资源有限公司 | Composite sorting method for mixed plastics |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104511369B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104511369A (en) | Method for waste mixed plastic separation | |
| Wang et al. | Flotation separation of waste plastics for recycling—A review | |
| CN104589545A (en) | Method of separating chlorine-containing plastics from waste mixed plastics | |
| US10618268B2 (en) | Method for separating multilayer systems | |
| CN104889150B (en) | The chemical leaching renovation technique of heavy-metal contaminated soil | |
| Yenial et al. | Examination of flotation behavior of metal ions for process water remediation | |
| CN104588404B (en) | A kind of washing repair process technique of organic polluted soil | |
| Saisinchai | Separation of PVC from PET/PVC mixtures using flotation by calcium lignosulfonate depressant | |
| Zhang et al. | Is froth flotation a potential scheme for microplastics removal? Analysis on flotation kinetics and surface characteristics | |
| Censori et al. | Separation of plastics: The importance of kinetics knowledge in the evaluation of froth flotation | |
| CN107262263A (en) | Cobalt acid lithium and the method for graphite are separated in a kind of electrode material from waste lithium ion | |
| US20220001395A1 (en) | Flotation process for treating coal slime by using salt-containing waste water | |
| CN111346740A (en) | Process for recycling lepidolite from tantalum-niobium tailings | |
| US6599950B2 (en) | Process for the recovery and separation of plastics | |
| Cui et al. | Flotation separation of acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS) and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) by potassium permanganate surface modification | |
| Wang et al. | Stepwise flotation separation of WEEE plastics by polymeric aluminum chloride towards source control of microplastics | |
| CN105399983A (en) | A separating method of mixed plastics | |
| CN103624076A (en) | Remediation method of soil polluted by polybrominated diphenyl ethers | |
| Pita et al. | Separation of PET from other plastics by flotation combined with alkaline pretreatment | |
| CN110813517A (en) | Beneficiation method for recycling wolframite from tailings | |
| Reddy et al. | Selective recovery of PVC-free polymers from ASR polymers by ozonation and froth flotation | |
| Guo et al. | High-efficiency flotation of smithsonite in the presence of fine chlorite by using dispersant of sodium lignosulfonate | |
| CN111170350A (en) | Beneficiation method for quartz-calcite type fluorite ore | |
| KR100995147B1 (en) | Eco-friendly method for physically processing contaminated soil in shooting range | |
| KR20050050320A (en) | Sorting method and equipment of construction and demolition waste |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170222 |